英语语言结构的对称现象（安庆怀宁）

1、英语语言构造的对称现象安庆怀宁英语语言构造的对称现象安庆怀宁3月20日英语语言在表达某些特定意义的时候，常呈现出构造的对称现象。这种构造使读者感受到英语语言的对称美，从而增强语言的感染力，到达一种强化内容意义的修辞效果。熟悉这种构造能帮助学习者进步对英语语言的欣赏才能与运用才能。下面的这些构造都表现出这种对称现象。一、表达爱好、选择、判断方面的对称构造1.prefert与perferratherthan构造1)Dyuprefer(thenene)t(theldne?)(代词对称)2)Atthistiefday,Iprefer(tea)t(ffee).(名词对称)3)Iprefer(alking

2、)t(yling).(动名词对称)4)Iperfer(trk)ratherthan(reainidle).(不定式对称)2.uldrather/hadratherthan构造5)Sheuldratherhave(thesallne)thanthe(largene).(代词对称)6)Iuldratherread(anvel)than(ape).(名词对称)7)Iuldrather(play)tennisthan(si).(动词对称)8)Jiuldrathergtlass(trr)than(tday).(副词对称)3.ratherthan构造9)Evansis(ahistrian)ratherth

3、an(ariter).(名词对称)10)Itughttbe(yu)ratherthan(e)thansignsthelettr.(代词对称)11)Theseshesare(frtable)ratherthan(pretty).(形容词对称)12)Heasengagedin(ritingaletter)ratherthan(readingthenespaper).(动名词短语对称)13)earedingthis(frurbrthervillages)ratherthan(frurselves).(介词构造结称)14)He(ran)ratherthan(alked).(动词对称)15)Itas(h

4、atheeant)ratherthan(hatheeant)ratherthan(hathesaid).()16)Ideidedt(rite)ratherthan(telephne).(不定式对称)17)Itisiprtant(tinrease)ages.(不定式对称)4.insteadf构造18)Shalle(fish)insteadf(eat)tday?(名词对称)19)Thingsuldbe(better)insteadf(rse).(形容词对称)20)ellhavetea(inthegarden)insteadf(inthehuse).(介词构造对称)假如insteadf后面接表示动作

5、意味的词，一般要用动名词。如：Istayedinbedalldayinsteadfgingtrk.Sheentshppinginsteadfhavinglunh.但为了对称可以用其它有关相应的动词形式。如:Heprpsestdserkinsteadftathtelevisin.(不定式作宾语对称)5.Eitherr与neithernr构造21)Yuustiprveeither(yurrk)r(yurappearane).(名词对称)22)Neither(yu)nr(l)ulddit.(人称代词对称)23)Itsneither(pleasant)tteanr(gd)fryu.(形容词对称)24)

6、Yuneither(lve)hir(hate)hi.(动词对称)25)Heneither(kns)nr(ares)hathappened.(动词对称)26)Either(yuustiprveyurrk)r(lshalldisissyu).(句子对称)6.ntbut构造27)Heisnt(ysn),but(ynephe).(名词对称)28)Heexelsnt(inEnglish),but(inatheatis).(介词对称)29)TheiprtantthinginthelypiGaesisnt(tin)but(ttakepart).(不定式对称)二、表达比较方面的对称构造1.re/lesstha

7、n与therethere构造1)(Tday)ishtterthan(yesterday).(名词对称)2)(Jhnsar)runsbetterthanarys.(所有格对称)3)TheYangtseRiverisevenideranddeeper(atNanjing)than(atuhan).(介词对称)4)(HespeaksEnglish)uhrerapidlythan(hedesSpanish).(句子对称)5)(Thereyustudy,thesarteryuillbee).(句子对称)2.asas与ntas/sas构造7)(Jhn)singssaellsa(hissister).(名词

8、构造)8)(Hisdraings)areasperfetas(hisinstrutrs).(所有格对称)9)(lassesintheuniversity)areasdiffiultas(thseinthellege).(介词构造对称)3.thesaeas与bedifferentfr/than/t构造10)(yhuse)isthesaeheightas(his).(所有格对称)11)(Thesetrees)arethesaeas(thse)trees.(名词对称)12)Hespeaksthesaelanguageas(she).(代词对称)13)(Hetriedtd)thesaeas(hisra

9、dedid).(句子对称)14)(Yuustshyife)thesaerespetas(yushe).(句子对称)15)(ary)isdifferentfr/than/t(Jane).(名词对称)16)(urliate)isdifferentfranadas.(所有格对称)17)(Lifetday)isdifferentfr(lifefiftyyearsag).(名词短语对称)三、表达并列关系的对称构造1.bthand构造1)Bth(LiHung)and(Lihun)havejinedtheParty.(名词对称作主语)2)Shespkeithbth(kindness)and(understa

10、nding).(名词对称作宾语)3)Hebth(speads)and(reads)Frenh.(动词对称作谓语)4)Rbertisbth(talended)and(handse).(形容词对称作表语)5)Sheiselldnnbth(frherdindness)and(frherkindness)and(frherunderstanding).(介词构造作状语)2.ntnlybrt(als)构造6)Bethplaysntnly(theguitar)butals(thevilin).(名词对称作宾语)7)Theerenyastnly(lurful)butals(nisy).(形容词对称作表语)8

11、)Heritesntnly(rretly)butals(neatly).(副词对称作状语)9)Heisfausntnly(inItaly)butals(inSitzerland).(介词构造对称作状语)10)larkntnly(pratises)labutals(teahes)it.(动词对称作谓语)11)Heisnt(ariter)butals(arevlutinary).(名词对称作表语)12)Ntnly(aseverythingthathehadtadenaayfrhi),butals(hisGeranitizenshipastakenaayfrhi.(句子对称)3.asellas构造1

12、3)Hegavee(ney)asellsa(advie).(名词对称作宾语)14)Yuasellas(l)areright.(代词对称作主语)15)Heas(kind)asellsa(sensible).(形容词对称作表语)16)Herites(rretly)asellas(neatly).(副词对称作状语)17)eshalltravel(bynight)asellas(byday).(介词构造对称作状语)18)Paul(plays)thepianasellas(pses)usi.(动词对称作谓语)四、表达原因、理由方面的对称构造1.ntbeause(f)butbeause(f)gnnttha

13、nbutthan的构造1)Theshipasdelaednt(beausefthear),but(beause)(shehasatalentfrusi).(介词构造对称)2)Ireendherntbeause(sheisbeautiful)butbeause(shehasatalentfrusi).(句子对称)3)Nt(thatllvedaesarless),but(thatllvedRere).(句子对称)4)Itisnt(thatlaunilling)but(thatlhaventie).(句子对称)2.hatithand(hatith)构造5)(hatithteahing)and(hat

14、ithriting),ytieishllytakenaay.(介词构造对称)6)(hatithlffiialbusiness)and(hatithprivatebusiness),lhavenleisure.(介词构造对称)五、表述态度、评论、赞成、询问等方面的对称构造这些构造除少数例外一般为情态动词、助动词、be动词、have动词及d相应形式的对称。1)Yu(are)yungandsal.2)Yu(have)prideands(have)l.3)Luise(an)danebeautifully,ands(an)hersister.4)I(as)tired,ands(ere)thethers.

15、5)It(as)ldyesterday.Sitas.6)It(is)rainning.Sitis.7)He(ill)nthelpyr,neither/nr(ill)l.8)Theunins(dntant)astrike,andneither/nr(des)theanageent.六、动词或不定式作主语与表语的对称构造在同一个句子里，假如主语与表语同时是表示动作意义的词，那么一般要要讲究对称，即主语是动名词时，表语一般也用动名词；主语是不定式时，表语一般也用不定式。(Seeing)is(believing).(Saving)is(having).(Tsee)is(tbelieve).(Tdubt)isslst(tinsult).(Tbeafriendinneed)is(tbeafriendindeed).七、因修辞需要运用的对称构造1)Thener(tkdlk),(gavealhistle),the(adeadive)frtherejetedlthing.(动词+名词构造对称)2)(Largeandsall),(neandld),(ideandnarr),(fastand