英语翻译教程超值讲义课件lesson

1、Lesson23(E-TheOtherRoadByRachelCarson雷切尔Westandnowwheretworoadsdiverge（分叉，分岐ButunliketheroadsinRobertFrostsfamiliarpoem,theyarenotequallyThe road we have long been traveling is deceptively（迷惑地，虚伪地）easy, a smooth superhighway （高速公路）on which we progress with great speed, but at its end lies disaster.T

2、he other fork of the road- the one “less traveled by” - offers our last, our only chance to reach a destination that assures the preservation of our earth.另外一条路，也是唯一的出路，以便我们达到一定的目的，使我们这个地球确实得到护Thechoice,afterall,isourstoIfhavingenduredmuch,wehaveatlastasserted（宣称的尚待证实的）ourrighttoand ifknowing, we ha

3、ve concluded （结束，终止，决定，作出结论，推断，断定，缔结，议risksthenweshouldnolongeracceptthecounsel（）ofthose who tell us we must fill our world with poisonous chemicals; we should look about and see what other course is open to us.A truly extraordinary （非常的，特别的，非凡的，特派的）variety of alternatives to the Othersareinthestage

4、oflaboratoryStill others are little more than ideas in the minds of imaginative scientists, waiting for the opportunity to put them to the test.All have this in common: they are biological solutions, based on understanding of the living organisms they seek to control, and of the whole fabric of life

5、 to which these organisms belong.Specialists representing various areas of the vast field of biology are contributing -entomologists（昆虫学者）, pathologists（病理学者）, geneticists（遗传学者）, （生理学者）, biochemists（生物化学家）ecologists（生态学者）- all pouring（涌入，倾盆大雨）their knowledge and their creative inspirations （灵感）into

6、the formation of a new science of biotic controls.“Any science may be likened to a river,” says a Johns Hopkins biologist, Professor Carl P. and（不骄傲的，谦逊的）beginning;itsquietstretches （伸展，伸长）aswellasitsrapids（迅速investigators （调查人）andasitisfedbyotherstreamsofthoughtitisdeepenedandbroadened （逐渐地）Soitisw

7、iththescienceofbiologicalcontrolinitsmodernIn America it had its obscure beginnings a century ago with the first attempts to introduce naturalenemiesofinsectsthatwereprovingtroublesome（麻烦的，棘手的）tofarmers,aneffort that sometimes moved slowly or not at all, but now and again gathered speed and momentum

8、 under the impetus（推动力） of an outstanding （突出的，显著的）success.Ithaditsperiodofdroughtwhenworkersinappliedentomologydazzled（使眼光，眩耀，耀 onallbiologicalmethodsandsetfooton“thetreadmilButthegoalofaninsect-freeworldcontinuedto）ofchemicalNowatlastasithasbecameapparentthattheheedless （不注意的）andunrestrained （无限制的

9、）useofchemicalsisagreatermenace（威胁，危险物，恐吓，危及）toourselvesthanto the targets, the river which is the science of biotic control flows again, fed by new streams of Some of the most fascinating of the new methods are those that seek to turn the strength of a species against itself - to use the drive of a

10、n insects life forces to destroys it.The most spectacular of these approaches is the “male sterilization(杀菌，绝育)” technique developed by the chief of the United States Department of Agricultures Entomology Research Branch, Dr. Edward Knipling, and his associates.这种方法中，最引人注目的是“雄性不育”术，这种技术是由美国农业部昆虫研究所(

11、from Rachel Carson, Silent Spring)AboutaquarterofacenturyagoDrKniplingstartled（震惊的）hiscolleaguesbyproposing a unique method of insect control. he theorized, the sterilized males would, under certain conditions, compete with the normal wild malessosuccessfullythatafterrepeatedreleasesonlyinfertile（不肥

12、沃的，贫瘠的，不毛的，不结果实的） eggs would be produced and the population (人口)would die out.The proposal was met with bureaucratic inertia（惯性，惯量）and with skepticism from scientists, but the idea persisted in Dr. Kniplins mind.One major problem remained to be solved before it could be put to the test - a practical

13、 method of insect sterilization had to be found.Academically, the fact that insects could be sterilized by exposure to X-ray had been known since 1916, when an entomologist by the name of G.A.Runner reported such sterilization of cigarette beetles. Hermann Mullers pioneering work on the production o

14、f mutations(变化，转变，突变) by X-ray opened up vast new areas of thought in the late 1920s, and by the middle of the century various workers had reported the sterilization by X-rays or gamma rays of at least a dozen species of insects.从那时起，人们就已经从理论上知道可以这样使昆虫失去生育能力。赫尔曼的以X 光引起变异的工作，在20 世纪20 年代后期为新思想的产生开辟了广阔

15、的道路。到X射线或射线已经至少可以使十几种昆虫失Butthesewerelaboratoryexperiments,stillalongwayfrompracticalAbout 1950, Dr. Knipling launched a serious effort to turn insect sterilization into a weapon that would wipe out a major insect enemy of livestock in the South, the screw-worm fly. The females of this species lay th

16、eir eggs in anyopenwound of a warm-blooded animalThe hatching larvae （孵化跌幼虫）are parasitic, feeding on the flesh of the host（寄主）.Afull-grown （生长完全的，发育完全的）steer （驾驶，掌舵）maysuccumbto （屈服 States have been estimated at $ 40,000,000 a year.Thetollofwildlifeishardertomeasure,butitmustbeScarcityofdeerinsomeareasofTexasisattributedtothescrew-Thisisa tropicalorsubtropicalinsectinhabitingSouthandCentralAmerica andMexico,and in the United States normally restricted （受限的）to the Southwest.螺旋锥蝇 一种热带或亚热带昆虫，生长在南美州、中美州及墨西哥，在美国一般限于南地区About 1933, however, it wasaccidentally i