盛会杰听力精听营笔记

1、精听练信号词 生词 长难句TPO20Lecture3-(精听营第一课Listentopartofalectureinaliteratureclass. All right, so now weve talked about folk legends and seen that their . one of their key features is theres usually some real history behind them. They are often about real people, so you can identify with the characters, and

2、 thats what engages us in them. The particular stories might not be true and some of the characters or events might be made up. But theres still a sense that the story could have been true since it is about a real person. Thats distinct contrast from the other main branch of popular storytelling, wh

3、ich is folk tales.engagesusinthem engagesuza|sin|them 2appealing characters or events or 弱读But couldhavebeen have Folk tales are imaginative stories that . um . like folk legends, they have been passed down orally, from storyteller to storyteller for . since ancient times. But with folk tales you do

4、nt ever really get the sense that the story might have been true. They are purely imaginative and so quite revealing, I think anyway, about the culture and the connection between folk tales and culture, which well talk about.sinceancienttimes sin |ceansan|But first lets go over the various types of

5、folk tale and focus specifically on Norwegian folk tales since they illustrate the variety pretty well. There are in general three main types of Norwegian folk tales.Butfirst One is animal stories, where animals are the main characters. They can be wild animals or domestic, and a lot of times they c

6、an talk and behave like humans, but at the same time, they retain their animal characteristics too. They tend to involve animals like bears, wolves and foxes. The point of these stories, their, their internal objectives, so the speak, is usually to explain some feature of the animal, how it arose. S

7、o theres one about a fox who fools a bear into going ice fishing with his tail. When the bear puts his tail into the water through a hole in the ice, to try and catch a fish, the ice freezes around it, and he ends up pulling his tail off. So thats why bears to this day have such short tails.where Th

8、epointofthesestories internalobjectives 内部目的（adj【objectn. 物体；v. 反对； objective：n. howit arose howi|tarose3, 3 butThe second category of Norwegian folk tale is the supernatural. Eh . stories about giants and dragons and trolls, and humans with supernatural powers or gifts, like invisibility cloaks. Or

9、 where people are turned into animals and back againintoaperson,thosearecalledtransformationTheres a well-known Norwegian supernatural folk tale, a transformation story called East of the Sun and West of the Moon, which well read. It involves a prince who is a white bear by night and a human by day.

10、 And he lives in the castle thats east of the Sun and west of the Moon, which the heroine in the story has to try to find. Besides being a good example of a transformation story, this one also has a lot of the common things that tend to show up in folk tales. You will find the standard opening, once

11、 upon a time . . And it has stock characters like a prince, and a poor but beautiful peasant girl, she is the heroine I mentioned. And . um . it has a very conventional form. So no more than two characters areinvolvedinanyonescene.Andithasahappyending.Andits.thestoryispresentedasthough.well, eventho

12、ugha lotoftheactionsthatoccurredareprettyfantastic,soyoudneverthinkofitasrealistic.Thecharactersstillactlike.they resemble real people. They are not real or even based on historical figures. But you might have a supernatural story involving a king, and hed act like youd expect a Norwegian king to ac

13、t.hasa that thosearecalled，Theresa，thisonealso + 长难句（convention commonthings） even though, but 第五题 长难句OK.Thethirdmainkindoffolktaleisthecomicalstory.Wellsaymorelateraboutthese,butfornow,justbeawareof the category and that they can contain supernatural aspects, but they are usually more playful and a

14、musing overall than supernatural stories.Now,asIsaid,traditionally,folktaleswerejustpasseddownorally.Eachgenerationofstorytellershadtheirownstyle oftellingastory.But.um.inNorway,beforethe19thcentury,folktaleswerejustforkids.Theywerentseenasworthy of analysis or academic attention. But this changed w

15、hen the romantic movement spread throughout Europe in the mid-19th century. Romantics looked at folk tales as sort of a reflection of the soul of the people. So there was something distinctly Norwegian in folk tales from Norway. And there was renewed pride in the literature and art forms of individu

16、al countries. As a result, the first collection of Norwegian folk tales is published in 1852. And there have been many new editions published since then. For the people of Norway, these stories are now an important part of what it means to be traditionally 表明后面可能转折，或新的观点 but 6 题TPO21Lecture4ArtHisto

17、ry(AliceNarratorListentopartofalectureinanArtHistoryclass. All right, so today we are moving on to Alice Neel, N-E-E-L. Um. Alice Neel painted portraits, she was born in Pennsylvania, and she lived from 1900 to 1984. And I guess you might say, she experienced difficulties as an artist. She was in he

18、r 70s, before she had her first major solo exhibition. Um, and this is due at least in part to eh. or. because of photography. After photography became regarded as an art form, portrait painting became less prestigious6, less respectedasanartform.And,well,artphotographykindoftookitsplace,soyoucanima

19、ginethataportraitartist,would have had a hard time finding acceptance.Eh,buttherealreasonIwanttolookatNeel,isthatIreallyfindherstyle.eh,shehadinterestingwaysofpeople.Shecombinedsomeelementsofrealism.Whatsrealism,buttherealreason Itslikepaintingsomethingexactlyhowitis,soanartistwouldtrytomakeitasaccu

20、rate,um.andobjectivepossible.PaintingstuffjusthowitappearsontheOk,goodSoNeelcombinedrealismwithwellactuallywithexpressionismAndthatisWe,wejustcoveredthis. We, we just covered this 重听题 有点失望，注意语气Um.Itsintoemotion,likeartistsaretryingto,well,expressthemselvesthroughthepainting,Yep.Theartistisdepictings

21、ubjectiveemotions,showingtheinnerrealityasinterpretedbytheartistratherthanthe outward form. So the image itself might be distorted or exaggerated in some way. The expression overrides7 objective representation. Ok, so, Alice Neel combined these two styles . Yes?Em.Howisthatevenpossible?Howcanyourpor

22、traysomethingexactlyasitisandatthesametimedistortitemotions?IdontgetAllright,goodquestion.Itisactuallyagood lead-in8tosomeofthetechniquesthatNeelused,thatsheemployedto bridge that contradiction. In a minute, Ill show you some of her portraits, and Ill want you to notice a few things about someoftheF

23、irst, Neels use of bold color. All right? Youll see she uses color to convey emtion and feeling, like the subjects clothing for instance, it appears brighter than it really is. And the subjects, the people being portrayed, Neel paid special attentiontofaces.Thewayshepaintstheeyesandhowthefacesarepor

24、trayed,thesearequiterealistic,liketherealists work. But another thing Neel did was use elongated, sort of stretchy figures.StudentButdidntalotofexpressionistpaintersdothat?SoreallyyouraresayingthatNeelstechniquesweretowhatotherartistsweredoing.Whatwasitthatshedid,thatwaslikeallherOk,well,Ithinkithas

25、todopartlywiththewayshecombinedthesetechniques.So,forexample,thoserealisticfaces and eyes, but bright, distorted figures. It is a mix. Youll see that her portraits do reflect reality, the people that were actuallysittingthere.Realismwasimportantinthesensethatshewantedtoshowpeopleastheyreallywere,muc

26、hlikea photographer would. But Neel wasnt satisfied with photo-like realism, she went beyond that. And this is where expressionism comes in.Shebelievedincapturingthewholeperson,notjustwhatwasonthesurface,thatswheretheexpressionists distortion is important, in an attempt to reveal the subjects character or personality.ButNeelspaintingsaredistinctiveforhertimeinpartbecausetheyareportraits.RememberIsaidthatphotography and art photography had largely taken the place of portrai