b届高三第一学期期末考试

1、常州市 2016 届高三第一学期期末考I（85第一部分 听力（略第二部分：英语知识运用（35分第一节：单项选择（151 15 分ABC 、D “Made in China 2025” initiative aims to transform China from a manufacturing giant into a world manufacturing power, drivenby innovation and emphasizes quality over A.theoneB.oneC. D.the On Nov.11, Alibaba sold more than 90 billi

2、on yuan goods on its e-commerce platforms T and TMall, making headlines all over the world.A.worthB.sumC.value D.profitYounger people might like snow and cold, but for , suchweatherisvery tough; snow can turn into ice,iseasytoslippeoplemyage;B.myagepeople;C.peoplemyage;D.myagepeople;China may as wel

3、l keep its growth rate above 7 percent. , the rate may be set between 6 to 7 percent, for the sake of a healthy environment.A.B. C. D.WillyouhaveasecondHaventdecidedyet.WeaboutitthewholeA. have thoughtB. had thoughtC. thoughtD. have been How shocked he the news that the terrorists attacked Paris, le

4、aving 129 dead and hundreds injured.A.wasB. C.wastoD.wouldThedoorwasopen,fromhecouldseeeverythingA.B.afterC.behind D.It isbeyondawkward when everyone around youlaughing at a joke that donotfindfunny,especiallyifitsajoketoldinaforeignA.breaksB.burstsC. yellsD.fallsThe average income of the Changzhou,

5、 though still well below that of Suzhou, has been on the increase and is three times it was in 2001.A.B. C. D.Having a brother or sister protects adolescents against negative feelings such as loneliness and guilt, but they also have to learn to and to control their emotions.B. C. D. The government m

6、ust have taken measures to lower the house prices next Yes.IguessA. didntB. hasntC. mustntIt was human errors, rather than the natural disaster, that for the death of so many innocent people in the landslide at an industrial park in Shenzhen.A. is blamedB. is to blameC. are blamedare to blameHowisth

7、esmogcontrolgoingoninourcapitalIt couldnt be worse. You believe Beijingupgraded the smog alert from yellowto orange and then red again yesterday.A. wontB. mustntC. neednt Canyou explainChinasfootballteamfailedagainintheattemptfortheWorldIamsorry,butthisisthelasttime.WewillbehaveA. why is it thatB. w

8、hy it is thatC. how it is thathow is it thatIstillhaventmadeanyprogressinwritinganEnglish . How can you expect to write apassage when you dont understand A.LearntowalkbeforeyouB.PracticemakesC. Dont put the cart before the horseD. Learn to fish but not just ask for fish(20 1 20 分A、B、C、D It is dark n

9、ow when I begin my early morning walk in the woods. And now that autumn marchedintowinter,darknesspersistswellbeyondmy6a.m.startPaths have become familiar after years of hiking. But rocks and tree roots have magically appeared from previously 36 ground.Certainly Ihit mytoe againstor 37 on some unsee

10、n barriers. Fallen branchesfrom last nights storm 38 in wait. Layers of autumn leaves create a false floor through which my trusting footsteps 39 . Sometimes a piece of moon donates some 40 to the mystery path. But when skies are dark, there are no 41 clues for where I step.Myveryfirst nighthikewasd

11、uring summercampon awarm Augustnightin the woods.Our leader 42 bright flashlights so we would not scare away the night creatures we hoped to “Seewithyour 43 ,”theleadertoldusoverandover44 , that advice took effect. With 45 and courage, it didnt take long before our feet became 46 to the grounds text

12、ures(质地) and irregularities. Toes learned to 47 for barriers before trusting full weight on feet. Holes and dips in the ground were detected in48 ofpossiblefallBut mistakes 49 happen. My foot gets caught on a trip and I fall. Since the pace 50 , there is little damage except to pride. Once 51 , I pa

13、use to feel the firmness of earth beneath me.On my way home, as dawn 52 day, I think about how similar night hikes are to journeys through life.The same rules often 53 for both: slow down, concentration, “see” with new and dont be 54 . Although the path is full of 55 hidden barriers, false surface,

14、wetfloortheearthissolidandfirmbeneath.Itisthenatureofnightground.Itisthenatureof A.B.C. D.A.B.C. D.A.B. C. D.A.B.C. D.A.B.C. D.A.B. C. D.42.A.B. C. D.43.A.B. C. D.44.A.B. C. D.45.A.B. C.D.46.A.B. C.D.47.A.B. C. D.48.A.B. C. D.49.A.B.C. D.50.A.B. C. D.51.A.B. C. D.52.A.makesupB.makeswayC.makesuseD.ma

15、kessense53.A.B. C. D.54.A.B. C. D.55.A.B. C. D.(15 2 30 分A、B、C、D AThankyouforagreeingtobea TestAdministratorforPISA.The purposeofthismanualisto help you to understand how you will assist with the successful implementation of this large-scale student survey.WhatisPISA stands for the Programme for Int

16、ernational Student Assessment, sponsored by the OrganisationforEconomic Co-operationandDevelopment(OECD).PISA2015isthe sixth PISA study that has been conducted since 2000 and involves more than 70 participating PISAhasthefollowingItistheworldslargestinternationalsurveyinItsurveysstudentsagedabout15I

17、tassessesstudentspreparednessforadultUndertakingPISAisimportantbecausetheresultsofthetestcanbeto indicate how well prepared students in a country/economy are for learning once they leave school;to identify areas for improvement over time by schools, education systems, to allow a comparison of studen

18、t performance and the learning environment between different countries.ComponentsofPISA1.2.1.CognitiveCollaborative Problem Solving.1.2.2. thecomputereitherdirectlyafterthetestsectionsoratalatertime.Afterthecognitive testandquestionnaires,a sub-sample of 10-11studentswilltake a computer-based Financ

19、ial Literacy(FL) assessment. The 65-minute Financial Literacy assessment tests students knowledge of personal financesand their ability to apply it to their financial problems.Accordingtothemanual,eachparticipatingstudentofPISAshouldbeagedmorethan15yearsbeoforabovetheaveragelevelintheirspend215minut

20、esforthecarryoutallthetasksontheWhatcanweknowaboutPISAfromtheTherewillbeoverseventycountriesparticipatingintheseventhPISAinTopPISAscorersaremorelikelytosucceedintheiradultlifethanlowerscorePISAwillcomparestudentspersonalperformancebasedontheirlearningTheFLassessmentisspeciallyintendedforstudentswhoa

21、resufferingfinancialBIntodaysChina,exchangesbetweenChineseandEnglish-speakersareincreasinglyfrequent. English skills are important to Chinese if China wishes to play a stronger role on the world stage. However, the general English level of the Chinese people is on the decline.Chinas ranking in the 2

22、015 EF English Proficiency Index dropped 10 drops. The Middle Kingdom was ranked 47th out of 70 countries rated, and is now on par with several Latin American countries. The report triggered widespread discussion in China：in an increasingly international nation, why is the peoples level of English g

23、etting worse?A decline in the English level of the Chinese people is no accident. With Chinas exam-based education system, worsening English is inevitable. English education in China is too focused on grammarandignoredoral practice.Thisresultsinstudentsthatareoftentooscaredtospeak,for fear of making

24、 a mistake. Exam-based courses make it so students merely learn for the test, not learn the language.In Latin America, nations do not have a rigorous exam system for English, but focus on promotingthelanguageitself.SuchprogramsthatpromoteEnglishincludeChiles“EnglishOpens Doors,” program, Panamas “Pa

25、nama Bilingual Education Program,” and Mexicos “10 Million People Plan.” Brazil, which also has a government program, is ranked first in the region for The Chinese government should first think about how to reduce the amount of pressure on students taking exams in order to promote change in the curr

26、ent system of rote English education. This is the most important step.Everyonehasbeenrecentlyfocused onoverseasreturnees.ThenumberofChinese studying abroad has rapidly multiplied in past years. At the same time, the number of overseas returnees isincreasing aswell. Thejob marketisalso increasinglyco

27、mpetitive forthem and it isoften more difficult for returnees to find a suitable job than it is for domestic graduates.Difficulties and pressure in the job market for overseas returnees deters a number of Chinese from studying abroad. As a result, the number of Chinese with high-level English,carefu

28、lly perfected abroad, has been reduced. This could be a major reason for why English is getting worse overall in China.While Chinasoveralllevel ofEnglishhasdeclined,it hasnot affectedChinashuge emphasis on English education and training. China remains one of the nations that is most committed to the

29、 study of English.Whatdotheunderlinedphrase“onparwith”mostprobablyA.superiorB.relativeC.parallelD.equalWhatdoesthewriterwanttodowiththisToadvisetheChinesegovernmenttoreformitsexam-basedToanalyzethereasonswhyChinasgeneralEnglishlevelisontheToreportthephenomenonthatthereisadeclineinEnglishlevelofChine

30、seTocomparethedifferentwaysoflearningEnglishbetweenChinaandLatinWhatmeasurecanhelpimproveEnglishlevelofChineseStoppingtestingEnglishintheeducationalexaminationReducingtheamountofpressureonstudentsstudyingEncouragingmorestudentstostudyinLatinAmericanFocusingmoreonexpressiveabilitiesandlessongrammatic

31、alCThe Oxford dictionary has announced its word of theyear. Its spelled . Actually, it isnt spelled at all, because it contains no letters, just a “face with tears of joy” emoji.“The fact that English alone is proving not enough to meet the needs of 21st-centurydigitalcommunicationisahugechange,”say

32、sCasparGrathwohl, president of Oxford Dictionaries. When one of his dictionary colleaguessuggested using an emoji instead of the word “emoji”, “lightbulbs went off”. Until recently, Grathwohl, who is 44, avoided usingemojis altogether because he worried that he would look as ifhe“wastryingtogetinont

33、eenculture”.“Ifeltinauthentic.ButIthinktherewasatippingpoint this year. Its now moved into the mainstream.”Some 76% of the UK adult population owns a smartphone, and of those, between 80% 90%useemojis.Worldwide,sixbillionaresentdaily.The “facewithtearsofjoy”isthemostused, representing 20% of all UKa

34、nd 17% of all USemoji use. It has overtaken the standard smiley-face emoji in popularity, which may mean that emoji users are moving towards exaggeration or irony or fun, or that all this emoji use has brought everyone to a higher emotional plane. Even if you dont send emojis yourself, you will prob

35、ably receive them.How far do emojis function as a language? “Theres a lot of prejudice against emojis,” VyvyanEvansaprofessorinlinguisticsatBangorUniversitysaysAlotofpeoplethinktheyarea backward step, but this misunderstands the nature of human communication.” The picture is more complicated, with e

36、mojis offering both greater freedom and limitations than verbal language. “Emoji isnt a language as such. They dont develop in the way that the natural language does. But they are working according to the same principles of communication as the spoken language. What is the value of an emoji? I think

37、 I can prove this with an ordinary sentenceThere isa pause. “I love youhesaysCrikey(哎呀), Ilove youHe saysit again. The first time Ithink hemeans it; the secondtime we bothknow he doesntThe meaning iscoming from extra-language factors,” he says. “Emojis are performing the same function in digital Lik

38、e any sort-of language, emoji is evolving. “I do think they are subtle(微妙) and rich,” Grathwohl says. “They can mean different things to different people. The fact that we are using emoji in combination to express more complex ideas and experiences is one of the most fun and playful parts of the who

39、le words. Will emoji finally come to look something more like traditional language that we understand?” he asks. “That would be interesting.”Thesentence“lightbulbswentoff”(Para2)meansthatthepresidentbecameembarrassedandthepresidentsuddenlyrealizedhewasthesuggestionwasimmediatelythesuggestionstarteda

40、heatedThe “face with tears of joy” is more popular than smiley-face emoji, which means emojiischangingsmiley-faceemojiistooadultshavemoresorrowthanjoyintheirdailypeopleliketoexpresstheiremotionsinaricherVyvyanEvansusesthesentence“Iloveyou”asanexample(Para4)toprovethatemojicanexpresstherealmeaningbeh

41、indemojiisdifferentfromthenaturalpeoplefeelfreetouseemojiinemojiwilllimitpeopleinexpressingtheirWhichofthefollowingstatementmightGrathwohlagreeemojiistoochildishforpeoplehavethesameexplanationforanusingemojicanaddfuntoemojiwontdevelopintoaD“Hypotheses,” said Medawarin 1964, “are imaginative and insp

42、irational in character”; they are “adventures ofthe mind”. He was arguing in favour of the position taken by KarlPopper that the nature of scientific method is hypothetico-deductive and not, as is generally believed, The myth(误区) of scientific method is that it is inductive: that the formulation of

43、scientific theorystartswiththebasicrawevidenceofthesensessimple,fairunprejudicedobservation. Out of these sensory data commonly referred to as “facts” generalisations will form. The myth is that from a disorderly collection of factual information an orderly, relevant theory will somehow come out. Ho

44、wever, the starting point of induction is an impossible one.ThereisnosuchthingasanunprejudicedobservationEveryactofobservationwemakeisa function of what we have seen or otherwise experienced in the past. All scientific work of an experimental or exploratory nature starts with some expectation about

45、the outcome. This expectation is a hypothesis. Hypotheses provide the motivation for the inquiry（探究，andinfluence the method. It is in the light of an expectation that some observations are held to be relevant and some irrelevant, that one method is chosen and others abandoned, that someexperimentsar

46、econductedandothersareHypotheses arise by guesswork, or by inspiration, but having been started they can and must betested thoroughly, using the appropriate method. Ifthe predictionsyou make asa result of deducing certain consequences from your hypothesis are not shown to be correct then you abandon

47、 or adjust your hypothesis. If the predictionsturn outto becorrectthen your hypothesis has been supported and may be kept until such time as some further test shows it not to be correct. Once you have arrived at your hypothesis, which is a product of your imagination, you then move on to a strictly

48、logical and thorough process, based upon deductive argument therefore the term “hypothetico-deductive”.Sodontworryifyouhavesomeideaofwhatyourresultswilltellyoubeforeyouevenbegin tocollectdata;therearenoscientistsinexistencewhoreallywaituntiltheyhavealltheevidence in front ofthem before theytrytowork

49、 outwhatitmight possibly mean. Theclosest weeverget to this situation is when something happens by accident; but even then the researcher has to makeahypothesistobetestedbeforebeingsurethatforexample,amedicinemightprovetobe a successful solution to bacterial(细菌) infection.The hypothetico-deductive m

50、ethod describes the logical approach to much research work, but it does not describe the psychological behaviour that brings it about. The psychological behaviourisamuchmorecomplicatedprocessinvolving guesses,reworkingscorrectionsand above allinspiration, inthe deductive as wellas the hypothetic com

51、ponent. However, describing the logical approach is like writing the final thesis(毕业论文) or published papers of research work. These theses and papers have been, quite properly, organised intoa more logical order so that the worth of the output may be evaluated independently of the behavioural proces

52、ses by which it was obtained. It is the difference, for example betweenthe academic papers with which Crick and Watson demonstrated the structure of the DNA molecule(分子) and the fascinating bookTheDoubleHelixinwhichWatson(1968described howtheydidit.Fromthispointofview, the scientific method may more

53、 usefully be thought of as a way of writing up research rather than as a way of carrying it out.WhatisrightaboutthedeductivemethodandtheinductivemethodaccordingtotheTheycannotexistinaresearchatthesameTheformeroneisofgreaterimportancethantheThelatteroneismorescientificthantheformerTheformeriscloserto

54、thenatureofscientificWhichofthefollowingbestsupportstheauthorsmainopinionshowninparagraphUsuallyfactsaremoreconvincingthanPeoplealwaysobservebasedonwhattheyhaveseenorItisimpossibletogeneralizedisorderfactsintoorderlyPeopleallbeginscientificworkwiththeobservationofWhichofthefollowingaboutahypothesisi

55、sItfunctionsasaguideintheprocessofascientificItworksasameansthatcanhelpmakeunprejudicedItisanexpectationunrelatedtoguessworkandItisapredictionwhichwillbearrivedatsoonerorAccordingtotheauthor,agoodscientificresearchisaprocessstartingfromdetailsandendinginwhereobservationsplaymorerolethanexpectationsw

56、herehypothesisaregraduallytestedbeforefinallywhichcannotbestartedbeforeenoughevidencesareWhatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassageThehypothetico-deductivemethodplaysanimportantroleindescribingaThescientificmethodismoreawayofdescribingresearchthanawayofdoingDescribingthelogicalapproachisharderthandescribin

57、gthepsychologicalWritingupascientificresearchpaperisasdifficultascarryingouttheWhichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleoftheGeneralisationsofScientificHypothesesofScientific TheScientificII卷 （35 分第四部分：任务型阅读（10ll0 分请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单1 In China, as in many countries, the north-sout

58、h divide runs deep. People from the north are seen as hale and hearty, while southerners are often portrayed as cunning, cultured traders. Northerners are taller than southerners. The north eats noodles, while the south eats riceand according to new research, when it comes to personality, that diffe

59、rence has meant everything.Astudy published Friday by a groupofpsychologistsinthe journal Science findsthat Chinas noodle-slurping northerners are more independent, show more “analytic thought” and divorce more frequently. By contrast, the authors write, rice-eating southerners show more qualities t

60、raditionally associated with East Asian culture, including more “holistic thought” and lower divorce rates.Thereason?Cultivating rice,theauthorssay,isalot harder.Picturearicepaddy,itsdelicate seedlings tucked in a bed of water. They require careful tending and many hours of laborby some estimates, t