经贸英语报刊阅读教程课件-Unit-5

1、Unit 5Europes Internet Revolt:Protester See Threats in Antipiracy Treaty Unit 5Europes Internet RevolContents ACTA 1European Protest 2Effects of Protest34 Topics for discussionContents ACTA 1EuropeaAnti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA)ACTA is amultinational treatyfor the purpose of establishing

2、 international standards for intellectual property rights enforcement. The agreement aims to establish an international legal framework for targeting counterfeit goods,genericmedicines andcopyright infringementon the Internet, and would create a new governing body outside existing forums, such as th

3、eWorld Trade Organization, theWorld Intellectual Property Organization, and theUnited Nations.Anti-Counterfeiting Trade AgrThe agreement was signed in October 2011 byAustralia,Canada,Japan, Morocco,New Zealand,Singapore,South Korea, and theUnited States. In 2012, Mexico, theEuropean Unionand 22 coun

4、tries which aremember states of the European Unionsigned as well.One signatory (Japan) hasratified(formally approved) the agreement, which would come into force in countries that ratified it after ratification by six countries.The agreement was signed in OcSimilar US Acts SOPA: TheStop Online Piracy

5、 Act was a United States billintroduced byU.S. RepresentativeLamar S. Smith(R-TX) to expand the ability of U.S. law enforcement to combat onlinecopyright infringementand online trafficking in counterfeit goods. Provisions included the requesting of court orders to baradvertisingnetworks and payment

6、facilities from conducting business with infringing websites, andsearch enginesfrom linking to the websites, and court orders requiringInternet service providersto block access to the websites. Similar US Acts SOPA: TheStopOn January 18, 2012, theEnglish Wikipedia,Google, and an estimated 7,000 othe

7、r smaller websites coordinated a service blackout,in protest against the bill. Wikipedia said more than 162 million people viewed its banner. Otherprotests against SOPA and PIPAincluded petition drives, with Google stating it collected over seven million signatures, boycotts of companies and organiz

8、ations that support the legislation, and an opposition rally held in New York City.On January 18, 2012, theEngli PIPA:ThePROTECT IP Act(Preventing Real Online Threats to Economic Creativity and Theft of Intellectual Property Act, orPIPA) was aproposed lawwith the stated goal of giving the US governm

9、ent and copyright holders additional tools to curb access to rogue websites dedicated to the sale of infringing or counterfeit goods, especially those registered outside the U.S. The bill was introduced on May 12, 2011, by SenatorPatrick Leahy(D-VT) and 11 bipartisan co-sponsors. TheCongressional Bu

10、dget Office estimated that implementation of the bill would cost the federal government $47 million through 2016, to cover enforcement costs and the hiring and training of 22 new special agents and 26 support PIPA:ThePROTECT IP Act(PIn the wake of online protests held on January 18, 2012, Senate Maj

11、ority LeaderHarry Reidannounced that a vote on the bill would be postponed until issues raised about the bill were resolved.In the wake of online protestsEuropean ProtestThe signature of the EU and many of its member states resulted in widespread protests across Europe.The European Parliaments indep

12、endent monitor for the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA) resigned Friday in protest after 22 European Union member states signed the anti-piracy treaty Thursday. European ProtestThe signature Poland was to sign it.Anonymous attacks on Polish government sites and weeks of street protests.Pol

13、and was to sign it.Protest in SwedenProtest in SwedenProtest in UKProtest in UKWhy Do People Protest?Why Do People Protest?This threatens the entire founding idea of the Internet the free sharing of information. But ACTA doesnt stop there. It goes beyond the Internet, bearing down on generic drugs a

14、nd food patents. If passed, ACTA will enforce a global standard for seed patenting, which would wipe out independent, local farmers and make the world completely dependent on the patent owners (read big corporations) for supplies. This threatens the entire founAccording to the BBC,Kader Arif said th

15、at he condemns “the whole process which led to the signature of this agreement: no consultation of the civil society, lack of transparency since the beginning of negotiations, repeated delays of the signature of the text without any explanation give, reject of Parliaments recommendations as given in

16、 several resolutions of our assembly.According to the BBC,Kader ArAll negotiations were held behind closed doors.While the provisions are currently public, their genesis was hidden from democratic scrutiny, and most nations signed on to ACTA without any chance for their citizenry to review or commen

17、t on the process.All negotiations were held behBeyond its undemocratic origins, its often unclear how ACTAs requirements would be implemented, or could be implemented without creating a technical architecture online that restricts speech. Its not worth the paper its written on because Brazil, India,

18、 China and Russia arent involved in it. It will kill innovation. Setting up business will be more difficult.Beyond its undemocratic originEffects of ProtestsEuropean Parliamentrapporteur Kader Arifresigned. His replacement, British MEPDavid Martin, recommended that the Parliament should reject ACTA,

19、 stating: The intended benefits of this international agreement are far outweighed by the potential threats to civil liberties. On 4 July 2012, the European Parliament declined its consent, effectively rejecting it, 478 votes to 39, with 165 abstentions. Effects of ProtestsEuropean PaPrime Minister

20、Donald Tusk of Polandsent a letter to his fellow leaders in the EU Friday urging them to reject ACTA, reversing Polands course with the controversial intellectual-property treaty. Prime Minister Donald Tusk of Topics for DiscussionDo you agree to ACTA? Why or why not?If you were a patent holder, whe

21、re would do you stand?Topics for DiscussionDo you agKey A. 1. bailouts 2. excluded 3. virtual 4. niche 5. trivialize 6. enforce 7. allay 8. mine 9. endorses 10. liabilities B.1. to make people go to the streets to demonstrate or protest against something2. to prevail3. to reveal the truth; to break the myth4. to give support or ones approval to5. a focused, targetable portion of a market6. a sudden intense happening 7. something that is a f