二0二三年度九年级上册Module 7 Great books喻勤 一般现在时的被动语态

1、MODULE 7 Great BooksGrammar: 一般现在时的被动语态 The passive voice 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：Many people speak Chinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。一、一般现在时被动语态的概念一般现在时被动语态表示现阶段经常性、习惯性被动动作，由主语

2、+is/am/are+及物动词过去分词+by+动作执行者构成，无需说明动作执行者时可省去by+动作执行者，句中主语就是原主动语态的宾语，动作执行者就是原主动语态的主语。is/am/are由主语的单复数形式而定。主语为第三人称单数名词或代词时用is，主语为I时用am。主语为复数名词或代词或时用are。二、动词过去分词的变化形式（一）规则变化(1) 在动词后加ed：work worked stay - stayed (2) 在以-e结尾动词后只加d：close - closed like - liked(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i 再加-ed：study -studied car

3、ry - carried (4) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed： stop stopped（二）不规则变化 例如: go- gone make-made put-put 等三、一般现在时被动语态的各类句式总结如下：1. 肯定： 主语(动作接受者) + is / am / are + 动词的过去分词+ (by+ 动作执行者)The book is written by me. 这本书是我写的。2. 否定：主语(动作接受者) + am / is / are not+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者) The book is not writte

4、n by me. 这本书不是我写的。3. 一般疑问句：Am / Is / Are +主语+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者)?Is the film called Snow White? 这部电影是叫白雪公主吗？Yes, it is. / No, it isnt. 是的。/不是。4. 特殊疑问句：1）特殊疑问词+ am / is / are + 主语+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者)?What is this kind of sweater made of ? 这种毛衣是用什么制成的？四、被动语态一般用于以下几种情况：1）要表达“被”、“受”、“遭”、“让”之类的语义。如： 教师很受尊敬。T

5、eachers are well respected.这孩子很招人喜爱。The child is well loved by people.2) 强调或突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态Such things are only eaten by animals这样的东西只有动物才吃3）不知道或没必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者。这时不带by短语。如： 房子每天都有人打扫。The room is cleaned every day.4) 有时为了礼貌或修辞的需要等原因不愿说出行为者；或者为了使语气委婉，避免提及自己或对方,这时也常用被动语态。You are requested to give a pe

6、rformance.请你给我们表演一个节目。总的说来，判断该不该用被动语态是看主语是否为谓语动词的行为对象。练习一：按要求改写下列句子。Do you water your flowers every day?(变为被动句)Are your flowers watered by you every day? Trees and flowers are planted every year to make our country more beautiful. (变为疑问句)Are trees and flowers planted every year to make our country m

7、ore beautiful？This English song is sung by the girls after class. 改为否定句This English song is not sung by the girls after class.改为一般疑问句，并做肯定和否定回答Is this English song sung by the girls after class?对划线提问When is this English song sung by the girls?练习二1.（11内蒙古包头） It will be two days before the decision_.

8、A. has made B. will be made C. was made D. is made.【解析】本题考查被动语态的用法。句意为“在下决心之前，将有两天的时间” 根据语境可知选D。2.（11四川内江） Your classroom is really bright and clean. It _ after school every day.A. is cleaned B. cleaned C. was cleaned【解析】动词语态。every day是一般现在时的标志。根据句意，你们教室真的既明亮又干净。每天放学后我们打扫它。此处是被动语态省略了by us。一般现在时被动语态构

9、成：be+动词过去分词。故选A。3. - Drunken drive is dangerous, isnt it? - Yeah. That why drunken drivers to prison even without causing accidents. （11四川绵阳） A. sent B. are sent C. send D. are sending【解析】考查被动语态的用法。依据前面介绍“酒后开车是危险的”，可推断“这就是酒后开车的司机被送进监狱的理由，虽然没有发生事故”，所以用被动语态（be+动词的过去分词），故选B(11湖北十堰) -Look, what have they done?-Sorry. I think if I _ another chance, Ill do it better. A