2023届高考英语一轮复习被动语态-第二讲（教师）讲义（含答案）

1、被动语态-第二讲引入别再躺着刷手机了！小伙躺着玩手机睡着牙被砸断：近日，宁夏医科大学总医院口腔医院收治了一名牙冠断裂的年轻小伙。小伙自述，他和很多年轻人一样，睡觉前喜欢玩一会儿手机。看着看着瞌睡来了，手不知不觉松了力气，手机滑落，一下子重重地砸在嘴上，正中牙齿。当即觉得上门牙疼得厉害，再一摸，半颗牙已经断了.好在小伙醒目，掉落的半颗牙没扔，而是带着就医，医生最终帮其断齿复位，修复了牙齿。知识集结模块一：过去进行时的被动语态1. 概述：（1）过去进行时态的被动语态，表示过去正在进行的被动动作。例：This film was being shown at that time那时候，这部电影正在被放

2、映。（2）过去进行时态的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或表示次数的状语连用，这时需要用完成时态的被动语态。例：The watch was being repaired twice （错误） The watch has been repaired twice （正确）2. 用法：过去进行时的被动语态形式为：主语+was/were+being+过去分词（+by+主语）例：Trees were being planted by them at this time yesterday昨天这个时候，我们正在种树。【例1-1】（*）My house _ (decorate) when you visi

3、ted Beijing last time，so I didnt invite you to my home【答案】was being decorated【解析】根据句中when引导的时间状语从句when you visited Beijing last time可知，这是强调的过去的事实，且My house与decorate之间为被动关系，由此可知当时是我的房子正在被装修，所以使用过去进行时的被动语态。【例1-2】（*）Mr.Lee couldnt know the incident happening in the company，because he _ (treat) for a sp

4、rain（扭伤）in hospital then.【答案】was being treated【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态根据主句用了一般过去时态，故从句也应用过去的某种时态，且he与treat之间是动宾关系，要用被动语态，then暗示正在接受治疗，用过去进行时的被动语态，故填was being treated。【例1-3】（*）The attackers were arrested and didnt know where they _ (take) now.【答案】were being taken【解析】本题前半句用的是过去时，那么根据时态一致的原则，所填部分也应该用过去时的相应时态，根

5、据句意“袭击者被逮捕后不知道现在正被带到哪。”可知时态为过去进行时，且主语与动词take之间为被动关系，应用过去进行时的被动语态。【练1-1】（*）1Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _ (exhibit) at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. 2As Polly observed the passengers on the train, she had a feeling that she _ (watch) by a tall man in a dark

6、 overcoat. 3He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he _ (follow). 4Professor Li keeps telling his students that the future _ (belong)to the well-educated.5After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading,only to be told that it _ (decorate).6He _ (admit) as a member of the foo

7、tball team of their school.7With all the problems _ (solve) at the meeting, the newly-elected manager felt rather relaxed.8The 2018 World Cup _ (host) in Russia.9With the governments aid,those _ (affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.10Millions of young women _ (employ) in the

8、various industries.11The building is regularly _ (inspect) by the fire-safety officer.12I _ (replace) the worn-out tyre with a new one.【答案】1were being exhibited2was being watched3was being followed4belongs5was being decorated6was admitted7solved8will be hosted9affected10are employed11inspected12repl

9、aced【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：天津传统民间艺术，像剪纸在2010年上海世博会文化展展出。句中主语为Traditional folk arts，故谓语动词用复数，主语和谓语动exhibit之间是被动关系，再根据2010，可知用过去进行时的被动语态，故填were being exhibited。考查动词时态和语态。句意：当波莉观察火车上的乘客时，她感到有一个穿着黑大衣的高个子男人正在监视她。由observed可知应用过去的时态，且强调过去某个时刻正在做某事，应用过去进行时，主语she与watch构成被动关系，故用过去进行的被动语态。故填was being watched。考查动词时态及语态

10、。句意：他匆匆回家，一次也没有回头看看是否正被跟踪。根据hurried及句意可知，本题应该使用过去进行时的被动语态，表示“正在被跟踪”。故填was being followed。考查动词时态。句意：李教授不断告诉他的学生，未来属于受过良好教育的人。belong在从句中作谓语，结合上文Professor Li keeps telling his students可知应用一般现在时，主语为future，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填belongs。考查动词时态语态。句意：放学后我们去阅览室看书，却被告知阅览室正在装修。结合语境可知指“去的时候，阅览室正在装修”应用进行时，且结合上文we went

11、to可知为过去进行时，且it与decorate构成被动关系，故应用过去进行时的被动语态，主语为it，谓语动词用单数。故填was being decorated。考查动词时态语态。句意：他被录取为他们学校足球队的一员。主语he与谓语动词admit构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的动作应用一般过去时，主语为he，谓语动词用单数。故填was admitted。考查非谓语动词。句意：会议上所有问题都解决了，新当选的经理感到很轻松。此处为with的复合结构，problem与solve构成被动关系，故应用过去分词。故填solved。考查动词时态语态。句意：2018届世界杯将在俄罗斯举办。此处表示将来要发生的动

12、作应用一般将来时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be hosted。考查非谓语动词。句意：在政府的帮助下，那些受地震影响的人已经搬到了新的定居点。分析句子结构可知affect在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语those构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填affected。考查动词时态语态。句意：数以百万计的年轻妇女受雇于各行各业。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，且主语为Millions of young women，谓语动词应用复数。故填are employed。考查动词语态。句意：消防安全主任定期检查这座大楼。句

13、中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据上文The building is regularly可知为一般现在时的被动语态。故填inspected。考查动词时态。句意：我把旧轮胎换了一个新的。replace在句中作谓语，结合语境描述过去发生的动作应用一般过去时。故填replaced。模块二：现在完成时的被动语态1. 现在完成时的被动语态：表示说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果，且主语是行为动作的承受者。例：They have been told about it for many times有人告诉他们这事很多次了。2. 用法：现在完成时的被动语态形式为have/has+been+过去分词（by+主语

14、）例：The orphan has been well looked after by them这位孤儿一直受到他们很好的照顾。【例2-1】（*）Her own story _ (write) and this book is expected to come out next week【答案】has been written【解析】根据句子的时间状语next week，可知，下周就要出版，说明这本书已经写完了，所以应使用现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在产生的影响，再根据主语story与谓语write间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故使用被动语态。【例2-2】（*）The singers music v

15、ideo _ (view) nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago【答案】has been viewed【解析】根据句中的时间状语since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago可知，主句应该使用现在完成时，且主语music video和谓语动词view之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用被动语态。【例2-3】（*）Readers，another program hosted by Dong Qing，_ (acknowledge) to b

16、e a breath of fresh air among varieties of shows recently.【答案】has been acknowledged【解析】根据句意“另一个由董卿主持的节目读者最近在各种各样的节目中被认为是耳目一新的。”和可知这句话主语是Readers为一档电视节目，故谓语用单数，而且readers和acknowledge是逻辑上的动宾关系，又因为句尾的recently，可知要使用现在完成时的被动语态。【练2-1】（*）1Their living conditions _ (improve) in the past few years. 2Ever since

17、 the organization was founded in 1998, as many as 800 members _ (admit).3Food and clothing _ (transport) to Yibin, Sichuan Province since earthquakes happened there. 4Without electricity and the water supply, the town _ (affect) greatly so far. 5Thousands of films _ (produce) all over the world in t

18、he last few years.6In the last few years, many high-speed rail systems _ (build) in China. 7It is the third time that he _ (win) first prize in the competition. 8-Why is everyone so joyous?Dont you know that Jane _（admit) to her ideal college? They are now celebrating. 9So far, Mamas Bank Account _

19、(translate) into several languages. 10Technology _ (see) some amazing developments in the last few decades.11Recently, global fried chicken brand KFC _ (prohibit) its famous slogan “Its finger-licking good” because of health concerns during the pandemic. 12The report is really exciting that poverty

20、relief work _（do）in China up to now.【答案】1have been improved2have been admitted3have been transported4has been affected5have been produced6have been built7has won8has been admitted9has been translated10has been11has prohibited12has been done【解析】考查动词时态和语态。态句意：他们的生活条件在最近几年得到了改善。根据时间状语in the past few ye

21、ars可知，谓语动词用现在完成时，句中主语living conditions与improve之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填have been improved。考查时态和语态。句意：自1998年该组织成立以来，已有多达800名成员被接纳。根据句中时间状语Ever since 可知用现在完成时。主语 members与admit之间为被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been admitted。考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：自从四川省宜宾市发生地震后，食物和衣服已经被运送到那里。根据since及其引导的从句的时态可知，空处应用现在完成时，且Food and clothin

22、g与transport之间是动宾关系，此处作谓语，故用现在完成时的被动语态，因此填have been transported。考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：由于停水停电，这个小镇目前已经受到了很大的影响。根据时间状语so far可知，此处应用现在完成时。且单数名词the town与affect之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，故填has been affected。考查动词时态和语态。句意：在过去的几年里全世界产生了数以千计的电影。分析句子结构可知句中缺失谓语，所以空处需填动词，作谓语，又因句中是在讲述过去发生的事到目前为止有什么结果，所以时态应用现在完成时，且与主语是被动语态，故填have b

23、een produced。考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几年中，中国建造了许多高速铁路系统。根据句中时间状语In the last few years可知，应用现在完成时。主语high-speed rail systems 与build之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填have been built。考查动词时态。句意：这是他第三次在比赛中获得一等奖。分析可知，句中结构为固定句式“It is the +序数词+time that+主语+have/has done”，意为“某人第几次做某事”，主句谓语为现在时“is”，从句用现在完成时。结合从句主语为“he”，应是第三人称单数形式 “has d

24、one”。故填has won。考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：为什么每个人都这么开心？你不知道吗？Jane考上了她理想的大学，他们正在庆祝呢。分析句子可知，Jane和admit（允许）之间是被动关系，且考上大学这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响，用现在完成时，还要注意主谓一致，主语Jane为单数第三人称。故填has been admitted。考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，妈妈的银行账户已经被翻译成了几种语言。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语，根据时间状语So far，可知为现在完成时，而主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动结构，并且主语为单数，谓语用第三人称单数的形式，故填has

25、been translated。考查时态。in the last few decades与现在完成时态连用，technology不可数名词看作单数，所以填has seen。考查时态。句意：因为在疫情期间对健康问题的关注，最近，全球炸鸡品牌肯德基已经禁止其著名广告语“吮指留香”。 时间状语recently常与现在完成时连用；句子主语global fried chicken brand KFC是单数意义，现在完成时的助动词应用has；主语和prohibit之间为逻辑上的主动关系， 故填has prohibited。考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，中国的扶贫工作已经完成，这是一份令人兴奋的报告。时

26、间状语up to now意思为“到目前为止”，常与现在完成时连用；主语poverty relief work和do之间为逻辑上的被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态；work是不可数名词，助动词用has；do是不规则变化动词，过去分词为done。故填has been done。模块三：过去完成时的被动语态1. 过去完成时的被动语态：过去完成时的被动语态强调在过去某一时间之前的动作对过去造成的影响或结果，但主语为动作的承受者，表示已经被。例：We had built five new buildings by the end of last year截止去年年末，我们已经修建了5栋新大楼。2.

27、用法：过去完成时的被动语态形式为：had+been+过去分词（by+主语）例：The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in这个男孩被提醒他的家庭作业还没上交。【例3-1】（*）When Li Ming hurried home，he found that his mother _ (send) to hospital.【答案】had been sent【解析】根据句中的found可知，后面的宾语从句也应该使用过去时的相应时态，而his mother和send之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以需要使用被动语态，根据句意可知，

28、他妈妈被送往医院应该是在他发现之前，即过去的过去，所以使用过去完成时。【例3-2】（*）He _ (ask) again and again，but he didnt tell me the truth.【答案】had been asked【解析】根据句意“问了他一次又一次，但是他也没有讲出事实。”以及句子结构可知ask的动作发生在didnt tell之前，即过去的过去，应使用过去完成时，又因为he与ask构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故使用被动语态。【例3-3】（*）A former Chinese soldier，who _ (trap) in India for half a century，f

29、lew home to China on February 11，2017【答案】had been trapped【解析】根据句中的结构可知，who引导的为一个非限制性定语从句，用来修饰句子的主语A former Chinese soldier，而主句中的时态为一般过去时（flew），定语从句中的时态为主句时态之前的动作行为，即过去的过去，所以使用过去完成时；且引导词who（A former Chinese soldier）和trap之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故使用被动语态。【练3-1】（*）1I _ (hope) to send him a telegram to congratulate h

30、im on his marriage, but I didnt manage it. 2An incredible tree-house restaurant _ (completed) by the end of last month and a large crowd of people went there for meals. 3The twins who _ (finish) their homework, were allowed to play badminton in the yard. 4The old couple found their house _ (break) i

31、nto when they came back home from the trip. 5More than 3000 trees _ (plant) in this area by the end of last year. 6It was the first time in a year and a half that I _ (see) my parents. 7I was very nervous because it was the first time that I _ (invite) to an opening banquet. 8The manager was happy t

32、o learn that four-fifths of the tickets _ (book). 9He was upset, because his car _ (damage) seriously.10When we got there after the accident, we were told that the injured _ (send) to the nearest hospital yet. 11The kid was annoyed because he _ (cheat) out of the money by his older brother. 12We _ (

33、arrive) there before it began to rain.【答案】1had hoped2had been completed3had finished4broken或 had been broken5had been planted6had seen7had been invited8had been booked9had been damaged10had been sent11had been cheated12had arrived【解析】考查动词时态。句意：我本想给他发封电报祝贺他结婚，但未办到。hope的动作早于didnt manage，应用过去完成时。had ho

34、ped“本希望做某事”，表示与过去事实相反的动作。故填had hoped。考查动词时态及语态。句意：一个令人难以置信的树屋餐馆截止上月底完工了，很多人都去那里吃饭。根据by the end of last month可知，应使用过去完成时，complete与主语是逻辑被动关系，应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been completed。考查动词时态。句意：这对已经完成作业的双胞胎被允许到院子里打羽毛球。根据主句的谓语动词were allowed可知，他们完成作业应该是在被允许打羽毛球之前，因此，应用过去完成时，强调“过去的过去”。故填had finished。考查过去分词。句意：当这

35、对老夫妇旅行回来的时候， 发现他们的房子有人闯入。该句可以看作是“find+宾语+过去分词作宾语补足语”结构；宾语their house与break into是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语；break是不规则变化动词，过去分词为broken。也可以看成find后是省略that的宾语从句，从句谓语动词的动作break into 发生在主句谓语动词动作found之前，是“过去的过去”，用过去完成时；从句主语their house与break into是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态had been broken。故填broken或had been broken。考查动词时

36、态语态。句意：到去年年底，这个地区已种了三千多棵树。根据后文“by the end of last year”可知应用过去完成时，且主语trees和plant之间是被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态，故填had been planted。考查动词时态。句意：这是一年半以来我第一次见到我的父母。题干用到了固定句式：It is /was the 序数词 time that“这是第几次做某事”，当主句中用is时，that从句用现在完成时；当主句中用was时，that从句用过去完成时。故填had seen。考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：我很紧张因为这是我第一次被邀请参加开幕宴会。根据It was t

37、he first time that 主语+过去完成时态+其它，及I 和invite之间是被动关系，所以句子用过去完成时态的被动语态，故填had been invited。考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：经理很高兴地得知五分之四的票已经被预定好了。本句“车票预定”的动作发生在“经理得知”之前，为“过去的过去”故用过去完成时，且book与从句主语four-fifths of the tickets 构成被动关系，故从句用过去完成时的被动语态，故填had been booked。考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：他很沮丧，因为他的车受损严重。结合句意可知，受损damage发生在was upset之前

38、，即过去的过去，要用过去完成时。句子的主语his car与谓语动词damage是被动关系，要用过去完成时的被动语态，故填had been damaged。考查时态语态。句意：事故发生后，当我们到达那里时，我们被告知伤者已被送往最近的医院。由yet和前面的句子we were told that可以知道事情发生在过去的过去，所以时态是过去完成时，且主语the injured与send之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，且谓语动词用复数。故填had been sent。考查时态语态。句意：这个小孩子很恼怒，因为他的哥哥把他的钱骗走了。根据主句的was可知，从句动作发生在“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，且h

39、e与cheat之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，故填had been cheated。考查动词时态。句意：我们在开始下雨之前就到了那里。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入动词形式作谓语，又根据句意可判断，“到达”发生在“开始下雨”之前，即“过去的过去”，所以应用过去完成时，故填had arrived。模块四：其他1.主动表示被动（1）表示主语的性质、特征的动词，read, sell, wash, write 等。The cloth washes well. 这个布料洗起来不错。（2）感官动词，smell, feel, taste, look, sound等。This piece of music so

40、unds good. 这首歌听起来不错。（3）某些动词后用动名词的主动形式表达被动含义，如:need, want, require, worth等。 The bike needs repairing. = The bike needs to be repaired. 自行车该修了。（4）“主语+be+ adj. +to do”结构中， to do 用主动形式表达被动含义。The question is easy to answer. 这个问题容易解答。【注：被动形式表达主动含义的短语】 be seated 坐着; be hidden 躲藏; be lost 迷路; be drunk 喝醉; b

41、e dressed 穿着2.不能使用被动语态的情况（1）不及物动词及不及物动词短语无被动：appear, disappear, die, fail, last(持续), happen, take place, break out, break down, belong to, come out 等。 A fire broke out during the night. 昨晚发生了火灾。（2）系动词无被动，如：be, feel, sound, look, smell, taste 等。 Although he is 50 years old, he looks young. 尽管他已经 50 多

42、岁了，但是他看上去很年轻。 （3）某些静态动词无被动，如：have, lack, fit, hold, suit, resemble等。My shoes dont fit me. 我的鞋不合适。 （4）反身代词或相互代词作宾语的句子不能用被动语态。 We have helped each other for over two years. 我们相互帮助有两年多了。3.省略to的不定式的被动语态一些感官动词和使, watch, see, feel, notice, listen to, look at, let, make, have等后面的宾语补足语是动词但在变为被动语态时，to要补回来。Sh

43、e was seen to enter the meeting room just now. 刚才有人看见他进了会议室。The boy was made to work for two hours by him yesterday. 他昨天让这个男孩工作了两个小时。4.情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态很简单，只需要在情态动词后+be+过去分词即可，一般习惯与虚拟语气一起考察。Books cant be taken out of the reading room. 书不能被带出阅览室。Many people suggested us that our money should be kept

44、 safely. 许多人建议我们的钱应该安全保管。【练4-1】（*）1Do you know why glasses of this kind made in this factory _ (wear) so comfortably? 2The knife needs _ (sharp). 3They were looking for a place that wasnt easy _ (find). 4With a lot of work _ (do), I couldnt go to the supermarket. 5She is an ordinary woman but she is

45、 really worth _ (respect). 6Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth _ (take). 7His music deserved _（preserve）in the family. 8Our class _ (consist) of 23 girls and 29 boys. 9One major recommendation at the me

46、eting is that these traditional customs _ (preserve). 10Children under 14 must be _ (accompany) by an adult.11Its believed that education shouldnt _ (measure) only by exam results. 12The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ (give) two weeks to prepare for the exam. 13His face _ (refl

47、ect) in the big mirror when he passed by. 14It has been decided that the book shall _ (revise).15A new cinema _ (build) here. They hope to finish it next month. 16The teacher insisted that every minute _ (make) full use of to do the work well. 17The main stream of a river frequently _ (divide) into

48、two or more branches near its mouth. 18Please make sure that all the lights _ (switch) off at night. 19With a lot of problems _ (solve), the newly-elected president will have a hard time. 20When Tracy was told her sons illness could _ (cure), she left the hospital in relief. 【答案】1wear2sharpening，或to

49、 be sharpened3to find4to do5respecting6taking7preserving/to be preserved8consists of9(should)be preserved10accompanied11be measured12(should) be given13was reflected14be revised15is being built16(should)be made17is divided18are switched19to solve20be cured【解析】考查主动表被动和时态。句意：你知道为什么这家工厂生产的这种眼镜戴起来很舒服吗?

50、分析句子可知，空格处应填谓语动词，wear“穿着；戴着”用作不及物动词，主动表被动。因为（从句主语）为复数名词glasses，句子为一般现在时，需用动词原形。故填wear。考查动名词及被动语态。句意：这把刀需要磨锋利点。根据句意及所给词sharp可知，sharp要用它的动词形式sharpen(使锋利)；又因为空格前动词need的特殊用法：sth need doing=sth need to be done，这里的needs sharpening=needs to be sharpened，意为“使这把刀变得锋利”。故填sharpening ,或to be sharpened。考查非谓语动词。句

51、意：他们当时在寻找一个不容易被发现的地方。由wasnt可知find在句中应使用非谓语动词形式，find与主语place之间为被动关系，分析句子可知此处使用的是“be +形容词+to do ”结构，其中动词不定式形式表达被动意义，故填to find。考查非谓语动词。句意：我有很多工作要做，不能去超市。分析句子可知此处是with+宾语+宾语补足语结构，作句子的原因状语，因此do应使用非谓语动词形式。由句意可知工作还没有做，表示将来，所以用动词不定式表将来，且宾语和宾补之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，用主动形式表示被动含义。故填to do。考查固定短语。句意：她是一个平凡的女人，但她真的值得尊敬。be wo

52、rth doing值得做。主动表达被动。根据句意，故填respecting。考查非谓语短语。句意：有时我们觉得冒点儿不必要的险是值得的，因为当我们衡量风险和回报时，风险似乎是值得冒的。be worth doing sth.值得做某事。故填taking。考查非谓语动词。句意：他的音乐值得被保留在家族中。分析句子可知，sth deserve doing（动名词用主动形式表被动含义）和deserve to be done是固定搭配意为“值得做”，符合此处语境。故填preserving或to be preserved。考查固定短语和时态。句意：我们班由23个女孩和29个男孩组成。consist of“

53、由组成”，该短语没有被动语态也没有进行时，相当于be made up of；本句的主语是their class，在本句中表示的是一个整体，所以谓语动词使用单数形式。故填consists of。考查语态。句意：会议上的一个主要建议是应该保存这些传统习俗。分析句子可知，主语“these traditional customs”与“preserve”是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据“recommendation”可知，其后对它进行补充说明的同位语从句应用虚拟语气，从句结构为that sb. should do sth.,should可以省略。故填(should)be preserved。考查被动语态。

54、句意：十四岁以下的儿童必须由成人陪同。本句主语是Children under 14，谓语动词是accompany，主谓之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，空前已经有must be，所以空处填动词的过去分词形式，故填accompanied。考查动词语态。句意：人们认为教育不应该仅仅用考试成绩来衡量。that从句中主语education与谓语动词measure构成被动关系，且shouldnt后跟动词原形。故填be measured。考查虚拟语气。句意：老师同意了给学生两周时间来为考试做准备的建议。分析句子成分可知，that引导同位语从句，做suggestion的同位语，有“建议、命令”等意义的名词后的同

55、位语从句的谓语用“（should）+动词原形”的形式，又因为students与give之间是被动关系，应用被动语态形式。故填(should) be given。考查动词的时态语态。句意：当他经过时，他的脸映在大镜子里。 分析句子可知，reflect是谓语动词，与主语His face是被动关系，根据when引导的时间状语从句使用了一般过去时可知，主句用一般过去时，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词也用第三人称单数，故填was reflected。考查动词语态。句意：已经决定对这本书进行修订。根据句意可知，the book与revise是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，空前有shall，be动词使用原形

56、。故填be revised。考查时态/语态。句意：这里正在建一座新电影院。他们希望下个月完成。分析句子结构可知，第一个句子缺少谓语，由句意可知时态为现在进行时，主语cinema与动作build(建造)之间为被动关系，谓语动词应使用被动语态结构be done, 主语cinema为单数，谓语动词用单数形式，故填is being built。考查谓语动词。句意：老师坚持要求要充分利用每一分钟把工作做好。由主句谓语动词insist（坚持要求）可知从句为虚拟语气，谓语动词形式要用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。make与主语every minute之间为被动关系，谓语动词应使用被动

57、语态结构be done ，故填(should)be made。考查动词时态及语态。句意：一条河流的干流经常在河口附近被分成两条或多条支流。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语The main stream of a river和divide构成被动关系，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is divided。考查时态和语态。句意：请确保夜间所有的灯都被关掉。句中涉及短语“switch off”，意为“关上，关掉”，根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观要求，故应用一般现在时，lights与switch off之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，lights为可数名

58、词复数形式，与are连用，switch的过去分词为switched。故填are switched。考查动词不定式。句意：由于有许多问题要解决，新当选的总统日子不好过。此处是with复合结构，名词短语a lot of problems与动词solve构成被动关系，而且这是一个将来要发生的动作，故使用动词不定式（to do），本处用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。故填to solve。考查被动语态。句意：当Tracy被告知儿子的病能够被治好时，她轻松地离开了医院。分析句子可知，cure是宾语从句的谓语动词，与主语illness是被动关系，由could可知，后接be done构成含有情态动词的被动

59、语态，故填be cured。本讲作业1Calligraphy that _(regard) as one of the cultural treasures of China enjoys a high reputation both at home and abroad. 2Nobody knew what _ (happen) to the Earth in a centurys time. 3If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what _ (discover) in science and technology. 4At pr

60、esent, lots of food, water, tents and medicine _ (transport) from all over the country to the epidemic-stricken area. 5Where is Mr. Blade? He _ (investigate) for fraud(诈骗). 6To my delight, I _ (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony. 7Im sorry, by then my lecture will hav