高考英语介词讲解

1、高考英语介词讲解公司内部编号：（GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-（一）方位介词图解方位介词如：Be careful, there is a heavy box over your head。The sun is above the mountain in the eastoThere are some stamps on the desk。The position he pointed to was below the sea leveloThe little mouse is under the table, so it is not easy to find

2、itoThe Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across desert, over mountainst through valleys, till at last it reaches the sea。The crowd of people walked past the City Hall to the Center Square0at, in两词均表示地点，“在处”。at用于指较小的地方，如在门牌号码前；in用于 指较大的地方。如：We 11 meet each other at the parko 我们将在公园见面。Mr. Wh

3、ite lived in Hong Kong for 20 yearso 怀特先生在香港生活了 20 年。in, on, to用在方位名词前的区别三词都可表示两地之间的方位关系。in表示在某范围之内；t。表示在某范围之外；on表示“毗邻”、“接壤”。如:Shandong province is/lies in the east of China。 （在某范围之内）Shandong is/lies to the southeast of Hebei province。 （在某范I韦I之外）Mongolia is/lies on the north of China。 （接壤）from, out

4、of用于表示具体的日子或一个待定的时间，如某日、某节日、星期儿等。如：on October the first, on a rainy day, on National Day。用于表示特定的早晨、下午或晚上。如：0n the eve of victory, on themorning of January the third, on the afternoon of his arrivalo表示“准时，按时“：on timeo（4） by的用法表示“不迟于，在（某时）前”。如：He must have arrived there by now。他现在一定已经到了。We 11 have fin

5、ished the work by ten o, clock tomorrowo我们在明天十点之前就会完成工作。表示“在期间” ”在时间内”。如：He worked by night and slept by day。他晚上工作,白天睡觉。说明：当时间名词前有this, that, last, next, some, every等词限定时，通 常不用任何介词。2. after, inin表示时间，常表示“在时间之内”，有时in还有“在时间之后”的意 思，但表示此意时，必须具备两个条件：（1）所修饰的动词必须表将来；（2）后面必须 是一段时间。这两个条件缺一不可，否则应用after或later来

6、表达。如：My father will be back in three days。我父亲将在三天以后回来。My father will be back after 3 o clocko我父亲将在3点后回来。My father came back after 3 days/3 days after/3 days latero（四） 原因介词原因介词有：because of, due to, thanks tobecause of ”因为，由于”，通常作状语，位于句首或句中。due to ”由于，因为，通常作表语。thanks to “幸亏，多亏”，既可用于褒义，又可用于贬义，多用于句首。如：T

7、he sports meeting will be put off till next Saturday because of the heavy rainoHis illness was due to smoking and drinkingoThanks to the Party* s good policy, the farmers are now living a happy and rich life。易错知识总结（一） for与of表示不定式复合结构的逻辑主语It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth. =sb. + be + adj. + to do sth.

8、当形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的性质、特性时，用。f。常见的形容词有kind, good, nice, clever, stupid, foolish, considerate, polite, impolite, cruel 等。 如：It is kind of the teachers to help support the poor studentso= The teachers are kind to help support the poor studentsoIt is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.当形容词说明不定式的性质时，用for。常见的形容词有impor

9、tant, necessary, possible, impossible 等。如：It is quite important for us to protect our environmento（二）on（二）on与in表示处于某种状态He answered all the questions except the last one。除最后一个问题没有答外，其余问题他都答了。I have a few friends besides youo除了你之外，我还有儿个朋友。All of them went to Beijing last summer besides Tom。除了汤姆外，他们去年夏

10、天也都去了北京。except for表示“除了（因为）”之意，用来表示从某一细节方面来修正前面 概括性的说法，其后的宾语一般与句子所涉及的东西不属同类。如：The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakeso 这篇作文很好，只是有一些拼写错误。except和but/ other than后都可接名词、代词、动名词、动词原形，并且可以互 换；但except后接副词、介词短语、when从句等时，but/ other than不可替换except o 如：He has always been in high spirits excep

11、t recently。除近来外，他总是精神饱满。（副词）The window is never opened except in summero除夏季外，这扇窗户从不打开。（介词短语）He has always been busy except when it is Sundayo除星期日外，他总是很忙。（when从句）but, except后都可接that从句作宾语，两者可以互换。如：I asked nothing from him but/ except that he should write to me every other weeko我只要求他每两周给我写一封信。餐；at scho

12、ol在上学；at college在上大学；at risk有危险，冒风险；at last最 后；at rest静止不动from： from memory 凭记T乙；from cover to cover 从头至尾；from day to day N 复 一口； from beginning to end 从头到尾；from head to toe 从头到脚in： in high/ poor/ bad spirits 情绪高涨/低落；in tears 热泪盈眶；in fear 在恐 惧中；in danger在危险中；in peace和平相处；in safety很安全；in need需要；in go

13、od order 很整齐；in silence 静静地；in good health 身体好；in a fever 在发烧； in love在热恋中；in public在公共场所；in doubt有疑问；in print在印刷；in flower在开花of +抽象名词二形容词of + great/ much +抽象名词=very +形容词；of + no +抽象名词=not +形容 词。如：It is of great/ much valueo =It is very valuableoThe camel is of great help to the Arabo =The camel is

14、very helpful to the Araboto与情感名词连用to与情感名词连用,表示某种行动后产生的感觉。to one， s delight/ surprise/ horror/ sorrow/ joy/ regret二to the delight/ surprise/ horror/ sorrow/ joy/ regret of sb.。这种表达法表示结果，用作状语，位于句前、中、后皆可。为了强调， 可在前面加much,意为“使某人的是”。（九）as（九）as和like的区别我有口信带给汤普森夫人。He came downstairs with his coat over his a

15、rm。他把外衣搭在胳膊上走下楼来。.引导一个表示方式的状语附加语。如：She lay back in the chair with her eyes closedo她闭着眼睛背靠在椅子上坐着。He looked at me with a frowno他皱着眉头看我。同样的用法还有:with a sneer嘲笑的，with a sigh叹声叹气地,with a sob抽噎 的，with a laugh哈哈一笑、大笑着。.指原因或理由。如：She was shivering with coldo她冷的发抖。His face was red with angero他的脸气得通红。My wife is

16、 in bed with influenza。我的妻子得了流行性感冒，卧病在床。（十一）by的用法.表示“不迟于（某时间）”的意思。如：I have promised to have the work finished by the end of this weeko我已经答应本周末完成这项工作了。.表示“在期间”（一段指明的时间）的意思。如：They decided to travel by nighto(十二)介词与某些词类的搭配.名词与介词的固定搭配要求用 to 的名词：key, answer, visit, apology, introduction, attitude, monume

17、ntdevotion 等要求用 in 的名词：interest, satisfaction, expert 等要求用 on 的名词：mercy, congratulations, effect 等(4)要求用其他介词的名词： prize for, respect for, victory over, struggle with, excuse for, for fear of 等.形容词与介词的固定搭配要求用 at 的形容词：afraid, angry, good, bad, clever, surprised, excited, puzzled, frightened要求用 of 的形容词：afraid, sure, certain, full, tired, fond, proud, worthy要求用 with 的形容词：angry, strict, careful? busy, popular, patient要求用 in 的形容词：weak, strict, rich, interested, successful, slow要求用 to 的形容词：next, good,