2019新人教版高中英语选择性必修一Unit2重点知识点归纳总结（复习必背）

1、 -2023学年高二英语同步必备知识清单（人教版2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit 2词汇知识清单词汇知识清单1 Part I Reading and Thinking1. phrase n.短语：词组2. remote adj.远程的；偏远的 remote control 遥控3. automatic adj.自动的4. integrate vi.&vt. （使）合并; 成为一体5. efficient adj.效率高的; 有功效的6. mode n.模式；方式；风格7. routine adj.日常的 daily routine日常生活8. instant n.瞬间；片刻, 立即的；速食

2、的；速溶的9. obey vi.&vt. 服从；遵守10. constant adj.不断的; 重复的；不变的n.常数；常量11. abnormal adj.不正常的；反常的12. critical adj.严重的；关键的；批判性的13. cancer n. 癌症；毒瘤14. potentially adv. 潜在地；可能地potential adj. 可能的；潜在的n. 潜力；可能性15. leak vi.&vt. 漏；渗漏；透露 n. 漏洞；裂缝；透露16. wire n.机电线；金属丝（或线）vt.接通电滤；将连接到17. relevant adj 有关的；有意义的18. fantasy

3、 n.幻想；想象19. innovation n.创新；创造20. nevertheless adv. 如此；不然而21. structure n. 结构；体系vt.系统安排；精心组织22. security n. 保护措施；安全工作23. crime n. 犯罪活动；不法行为1. persuade vt.劝说；说服用法：persuade sb. to do sth. = persuade sb. into (doing) sth. 说服某人做某事persuade sb. (not) to do sth. = persuade sb. out of (doing) sth. 说服某人不做某事p

4、ersuade sb. of . = persuade sb. (that) 使某人信服2. distant adj. 遥远的; 远处的；疏远的;心不在焉的用法：be + 距离 + distant from . 离.（有.）远转化：distance n.C,U距离；远处 in the distance 在远处 distantly adv. 遥远地；冷淡地3. secure adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt. 获得；拴牢；保护用法：feel secure about. 对.感到安心 be secure against/from. 没有.的危险secure . against. 保护

5、.免于受到.(危害)转化：insecure adj. 不安全的；缺乏信心的 securely adv. 安全地；安心地；牢固地；有把握地 security n.U安全；平安4. preference n.爱好; 偏爱用法：have a preference for . 偏爱in preference to . 优先于;而不是give (a) preference to . 给以优惠； 优待转化：prefer v. 更喜欢.；喜欢.多于. preferable adj. 更可取的，更适合的5. command n.指令; 命令; 控制vt.命令; 控制用法：(be) in command 指挥，

6、控制 take/have command 控制，开始指挥 under ones command/under the command of 由某人统率/指挥6. monitor vt.监控；监督；监听 n.班长；调查员；显示器；监视器7. warning n. 警告；警示；先兆 转化： warning adj.警告的；告诫的warn n.&v. 警告，告诫；提醒注意8. detect vt.发现;查明转化： detective n. 侦探 detection n.察觉，侦测，发现9. available adj.可获得的；可购得的；可找到的；（人）有空的用法：be available for s

7、th. 可用于.be available to do sth. 可以做某事.be available to/for sb. .对某人来说是可以获得的Part II Learning About Language核心词汇1. artificial adj. 人工的；人造的；假的 artificial intelligence （AI）人工智能2. clone v.克隆；以无性繁殖技术重制克隆动物（或植物）3. occupation n.职业；占领4. hence adv.因此；由此5. forecast vt. & n.预测；预报6. absence n. 不存在：缺乏；缺席7. cease v

8、t.&vi. （使）停止，终止8. rural adj.乡村的；农村的9. emphasis vt.强调；重视；重要性10. career n.职业；事业11. prospect n.可能性；前景12. paragraph n. 段落13. essay n.论文14. accurate adj. 准确的15. librarian n.图书管理员；图书馆馆长Part II Using Language & Assessing Your ProgressI.核心词汇eq avs4al(知识要点1)combine vt.& vi.(使)结合；混合(教材P16)Care will also be ta

9、ken to combine the building and surrounding architecture together to form an effective system.也要小心地将这些大楼和周围的建筑结合起来，形成一个有效的系统。例1She successfully combines her career with family life.她成功地兼顾事业和家庭。例2Let us combine our firms against our competitors.知识拓展(1)combine.with/and.把与结合起来o. 把合成(2)combin

10、ation n. 结合；联合；化合(物)eq avs4al(知识要点2)predict vt. 预测；预言；预料(教材P18)Words such as predict, prediction, and forecast, are also used quite often when making predictions.像predict, prediction和forecast这样的词在进行预测时也经常使用。例1I cannot predict when to meet her again.我无法预测什么时候会再见到她。例2She predicted that he would marry

11、a doctor.她预言他会同一位医生结婚。知识拓展predict从句预测predict n. to do. 预测做It is predicted that. 据预测eq avs4al(知识要点3)oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠(教材P20)In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.在这篇文章中，很多人说公众应该反对开发无人驾驶汽车。例1The old man cant bear anyone in the family

12、to oppose him.这位老人决不能容忍家里有人违抗他。例2We totally oppose the use of gas to kill any animal.我们完全反对使用毒气杀害任何动物。知识拓展(1)oppose (doing) sth.object to (doing) sth.反对(做)某事(2)opposed adj. 反对的；对立的be opposed to (doing) sth. be against (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事(to为介词)as opposed to 而，相对于(表示对比)eq avs4al(知识要点4)absence n不存在；缺

13、乏；缺席(教材P20)On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.一方面，世界上有许多不同的群体，他们在没有新技术的情况下幸福地生活着。例1A major problem is the absence of water.主要的问题是缺水。例2My father did all the cooking in my mothers absence.以前妈妈不在家时都是爸爸做饭。知识拓展(1)a

14、bsence from.缺席；没参加absence of mind 心不在焉during/in ones absence(in the absence of sb.) 当某人缺席/不在的时候(2)absent adj. 缺席的，不在的be absent from 缺席，不在absentminded adj. 心不在焉的eq avs4al(知识要点5)advocate vt.提倡；支持；拥护n提倡者；支持者；拥护者(教材P20)They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community.他们提倡

15、简单的生活，强调努力工作、家庭和社区。例1I dont advocate doing such things.我不主张干这样的事情。例2These policies have been widely advocated.这些政策已得到广泛的拥护。知识拓展(1)advocate doing sth.主张/提倡做某事advocate宾语从句(从句谓语用should动词原形，should可省略)(2)an advocate for/of 的支持/拥护者eq avs4al(知识要点6)keep in touch (with.) (与)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况)(教材P20)Moreover,

16、 the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.此外，互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。例1Were a tight group, so we do keep in touch.我们关系很好，所以的确保持着联系。例2We must keep in touch with what is happening in foreign countries.我们必须了解国外的

17、动态。知识拓展get in/into touch with和取得联系lose touch with 和失去联系；对变得生疏be in touch with 同有联系；了解的情况be out of touch with 同失去联系；与没有通信eq avs4al(知识要点7)resist vi.& vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡(教材P20)Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.然而，我总是会看到变化积极的一面，接受它，而不是抵制它。例1I w

18、as not strong enough to resist his offer.我不够坚定，抵抗不了他的好意。例2Lack of proper nourishment reduces their power to resist disease.营养不良降低了他们抵抗疾病的能力。知识拓展(1)resist sb./sth.抵抗/抵制某人/某物resist doing sth. 抵制做某事cant resist/help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事(2)resistance n. 抗拒，反对(3)resistant adj. 抵抗的，有抵抗力的be resistant to. 对有抵抗

19、力II.重点句型eq avs4al(重点句式1)现在分词作定语(教材P20)Probably the most well known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America.最著名的可能是阿米什人，一群生活在美国农村的基督徒。句式分析：现在分词短语living in rural America作名词Christians的后置定语。例1Barking dogs seldom bite.爱叫的狗很少咬人。例2The bottle containing the poison was sent to the labora

20、tory.盛毒品的瓶子被送到实验室。知识拓展(1)现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。(2)单个现在分词作定语，放在所修饰词的前面，而现在分词短语作定语则放在所修饰词的后面。eq avs4al(重点句式2)make it .(for sb.) to do.(教材P20)Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.

21、此外，互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。句式分析：句中made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch为“make it .(for sb.) to do.”结构，意为“使(某人)做(某事)成为”，形容词possible是宾语补足语。例1He made it his objective in life to find the island.他把找到那座岛屿当成自己的人生目标。例2Rising costs made it hard to carry on the business.上涨的成本使得生意难做。知识拓

22、展在make it.(for sb.) to do.结构中，it是形式宾语，to do.是真正的宾语。常用这种结构的动词还有find, feel, think, consider等。eq avs4al(重点句式3)as引导原因状语从句(教材P20)It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.它还让人们在生活中寻找机会更容易，因为它让人们通过使用社交媒体结交更

23、多的朋友。句式分析：as引导原因状语从句，既可放在主句前也可放在主句后。一般来说，as引导原因状语从句表示双方都知道的原因。例1As you werent there I left a message.因为你不在那里, 我留了个信儿。例2We decided to cement our garden as we do not like flowers.我们决定把花园铺上水泥，因为我们不喜欢花。知识拓展(1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当时；一边一边；随着”。(2)引导方式状语从句，意为“正如；就像”。(3)引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管；虽然”，从句应倒装。(4)引导比较状语从句，表示“像一样地”。

24、语法知识清单语法知识清单2将来进行时将来进行时（The Future Continuous）表示将来某一时刻或某一阶段内将要发生的动作。将来进行时由“shall/will + be动词 + 现在分词”构成。shall用于第一人称，will用于各种人称。1.将来进行时的构成 肯定句：主语 + shall/will + be + 现在分词. 否定句：主语 + shall/will + not + be + 现在分词. 疑问句：Shall/Will + 主语 + be + 现在分词.? 疑问代词/疑问副词 + shall/will + 主语 + be + 现在分词.?2. 基本用法(1) 表示将来某

25、时刻正在进行的动作。如：Dont phone him between 5pm and 6pm. Hell be having a meeting then. 五点至六点之间不要给他打电话，那时他在开会。When I get home, my wife will probably be doing cooking. 当我到家时，我太太可能正在做饭。(2) 表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。如：The train wont be leaving until one oclock. 火车一点钟才开。We shall be going to London next week. 下周我们要去伦敦。(3) 常

26、用来表示预计即将发生或势必要发生的动作。如：When shall we be meeting next time? 我们下次什么时候见面？Do come tomorrow! Well be expecting you. 明天务必来，我们要等你的。(4) 表示委婉语气。注意：“will + be doing.” 这一用法，在将来时态里使用频率在增加。如果要表示纯粹的“将来”概念可采用“will +be doing” 结构，这种结构通常带有自然要发生的含义，不包括“意愿、意图”等情态意义；“will + be doing.” 结构也可以表示将来某一时刻或时段里正在进行的动作。3. 和一般将来时的区

27、别(1) 将来进行时表示将来某时正在进行的动作; 而一般将来时表示将来某时将要发生的动作。如： What will you be doing at seven the day after tomorrow? 后天晚上七点会在做什么呢What will you do at seven the day after tomorrow? 后天晚上七点你干什么？(2) 将来进行表示已有的安排；而一般将来时表示临时决定。如：Ill go to see him after school. 放学后我去看她。Ill be going to see him after school. 放学后我准备去看她的。(3)

28、 两者均可表示将来，但用将来进行时语气更委婉，比较：When will you finish your homework 你什么什候完成作业？When will you be finishing your homework 你什么什候完成作业呢？(4) 有时将来进行时则只是单纯地谈未来情况；而一般将来中的will含有“愿意”的意思。比较：Mary wont be paying this bill. 不会由玛丽来付钱。(单纯谈未来情况)语篇知识清单语篇知识清单3写有关未来科技发展利弊的议论文观点看法类文章的内在逻辑关系十分清晰, 它除了考查学生的英语基础, 还考查学生的逻辑能力。具体来说就是上下

29、文的衔接过渡和文章层次的体现。其主要特点为: 1. 观点鲜明; 2. 层次要分明, 过渡要自然; 3. 通常采用一般现在时; 4. 语言简洁有力, 一般不采用口语。【素材积累】1. 话题词汇关于高科技的词汇(1)artificial intelligence(AI) 人工智能(2)driverless cars无人驾驶汽车(3)QR code二维码(4)virtual reality(VR)虚拟现实技术(5)cashless society无现金支付社会(6)clone克隆(7)hydrogen energy氢能源表达观点的词汇(1)arouse ones concern引起某人的担忧(2)a

30、s far as I am concerned就我而言(3)one of the important disadvantages 最重要的缺点之一(4)to make matters worse更糟糕的是(5)become increasingly serious变得越来越严重(6)on the one hand. . . on the other hand. . .一方面另一方面(7)the above mentioned reasons上述原因(8)through above analyses通过以上分析2. 话题句式开头句式(1)There is a widespread concern

31、 over the issue that robots will cause great threat to us. 关于这个问题有一个广泛的担忧: 机器人将会对我们造成很大威胁。(2)It is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. 众所周知有关这个热点话题的观点因人而异。(3)Nowadays many people prefer this kind of high-tech, because it has a significant role in our d

32、aily life. 现如今很多人更喜欢这种高科技, 因为它在我们的日常生活中扮演了一个重要的角色。(4)Nowadays, an increasingly number of students are becoming short-sighted. 现如今, 越来越多的学生近视了。正文句式(1)People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. 然而在这个问题上人们的观点各不相同。(2)Generally speaking, its advantages can be seen as follows. 总的来说, 它的优点如下。

33、(3)But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. 但凡事都有利有弊。消极的方面也是很明显的。(4)We should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. 我们应该采取一系列有效的措施来解决这个处境。结尾句式(1)As far as Im concerned, a cashless society has more advantages over disadvantages. 就我而言, 无现金社会利大于弊。(2)Only in this way can we solve this problem. 只有用这种办法, 我们才能解决这个问题。(3)Its about time that we do something to improve our environm