2022年考研考博-考博英语-安徽大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号84

1、住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-安徽大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题With prices（ ）so much, its hard to plan a budget.问题1选项A.frustratingB.fluctuatingC.overloadingD.overflowing【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项frustrating“挫败；使沮丧”；B选项fluctuating“波动；起伏不定”；C选项overloading“超载”；D选项overflowing“溢出；挤满”。句意：因为价格

2、太大，所以很难制定预算。开头使用了with复合结构作状语表原因，故应该使用动词的现在分词形式。价格一般都是易变的，因此B选项符合题意。2.单选题We are shocked by his selfishness and（ ）to those who needs help.问题1选项A.inactivityB.insensitivityC.stupidityD.idleness【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项inactivity“不活动；休止状态”；B选项insensitivity“感觉迟钝；不灵敏”；C选项stupidity“愚蠢”；D选项idleness“懒惰；闲散”。句意：他的自私、

3、对需要帮助的人们，令我们惊讶。关键信息词selfishness“自私”，可知对他的评价是负面的。空格后to those who needs help对那些需要帮助的人，自私的人以自我为中心是不会在乎其他人的。insensitivity有麻木不仁，漠不关心的意思。因此B选项符合题意。3.单选题In my eyes, the old generation is always（ ）.问题1选项A.economicB.costlyC.expensiveD.thrifty【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项economic“经济的；经济学的”；B选项costly“昂贵的；代价高的”；C选项expen

4、sive“昂贵的”；D选项thrifty“节检的；节约的”。句意：在我眼里，老一辈总是的。关键词the old generation老一辈的消费观偏向于节约。故选D。4.填空题Directions: This part consists of ten sentences. Each sentence has four parts underlined and labeled A, B, C and D. Identify the one choice that is not accepted in standard English and mark your choice by blacken

5、ing the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.21. A few A naturally elements exist in such small B amounts that they are known C mainly from laboratory-made D samples.22. A To stay warm in cold weather, cold-blooded animals must expose B itself to C a source of warmth such as D direct sunlight.23

6、. A severe illness A where she was B just nineteen months old C deprived Helen Keller D of both her sight and hearing.24. In A the wild, tea plants become B trees of C approximately thirty feet in Dhigh.25. For many centuries, sailors A relied on echoes B to warn them of Canother ships, icebergs, or

7、 cliffs in D foggy weather.26. A It is the B interaction between people, rather than the events that occur in their lives, C that are the main focus of D social psychology.27. It is true that A the rotation of the Earth B on its axis is responsible C with the alternation of periods D of light and da

8、rkness.28. One of the most difficult A questions B in defining sleep C is “What D is the functions of sleep?”29. Seven A of planets rotate in the same direction B as their orbital motions, C while Venus and Uranus rotate in the D opposite direction.30. The tongue is A capable of many B motions and c

9、onfigurations and plays C a vital role in chewing, D swallowed, and speaking.【答案】21. A22. B23. A24. D25. C26. C27. C28. D29. A30. D【解析】21. 考查形容词和副词的运用。将naturally改为natural；后面的elements“要素”为名词。记忆点：形容词修饰名词，副词大多用来修饰动词。22. 考查代词的对应关系。将itself改成themselves；句中指代的对象是animals，是复数名词，代词也同样需要使用复数形式。23. 考查从句引导词的使用。将w

10、here改成when；后面的she was just nineteen months old，用来特定表示那个时间段，而时间状语从句用when进行连接引导。where主要表地点。24.考查固定词组搭配。将high改成height；“in height”表示“在高度上”，是固定搭配。25. 考查代词的搭配。将another改成other；因为后面的ships是复数名词，而another后面接单数名词，故应改为other。26. 考查主谓一致。将are改成is；整句的大体结构为（Itsthat）rather than作为插入语，不充当居中主要成分，the interaction between p

11、eople才是本句的主语，为单数，故从句的谓语动词也应使用单数。27. 考查词组的固定搭配。将with改成for；be responsible for“对负责”，为固定搭配。28. 考查主谓一致。将is改成are，主谓一致；one of接复数可数名词。后面的主语为questions，故此句的谓语动词应使用复数形式are。29. 考查定冠词的用法。在planets前添加the；在本句中的planets是特指太阳系中的九大行星，因此，需要加入定冠词the。30. 考查连词的一致性。将swallowed改成swallowing；句中play a vital role in+动名词，and连接所有动词

12、的使用形式需要一致。5.单选题Charles Wheelers paintings often（ ）the sharp edges and geometrical shapes of machines.问题1选项A.highlightB.reviveC.visualizeD.upgrade【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项highlight“突出；强调”；B选项revive“复兴；复活”；C选项visualize“设想；形象化”；D选项upgrade“升级；改善”。句意：查尔斯惠勒的作品机器的锋利的边缘和几何形状。句中的主语是paintings“绘画；画作”，可知是在谈论这位画家作品的风格

13、，会着重强调哪些部分。因此A选项符合题意。6.单选题A growing number of college officials, guidance counselors and education experts would like to eliminate, or sharply curtail(减少) early admission(提前录取)a process in which many colleges admit a substantial percentage of their students in the fall. Controversy is particularly h

14、eated regarding many early admission programs that require applicants to give up the chance to apply elsewhere.Opponents of early admissions offer several criticisms. The practice intensifies an unhealthy level of competition for admission to the nations top colleges and universities, they say. More

15、over, critics say, early admission unfairly gives a leg up to some applicants, mostly those who already have many advantages-students at elite private schools and wealthy public schools where families and guidance counselors know how to work the angles of the admissions system.The president of Yale

16、University fueled the debate earlier this month by proposing that Yale and other elite institutions consider abandoning the early programs. In a sign of just how competitive the admissions process has become, he said his university could not make such a move alone. Even some students who gain early

17、admission to the colleges they want say the process involves too much pressure, too soon.The use of “early decision” and “early action” programs, which, in different ways, grant admission to students months ahead of the usual spring notifications, has soared in recent years and is at what some say a

18、re record highs. Many top private colleges now accept more than a third of their freshman classes in the weeks before Christmas, significantly reducing the number of spots available in the spring. For next year, Stanford already has picked 34% of its freshman class; Yale has chosen 42% of its. The U

19、niversity of Pennsylvania has locked up 49.5% of its entering class.Early admission policies have existed for at least 20 years. But their useand the controversy around themhas grown in the last decade, especially since the mid-1990s, when Yale, Princeton and Stanford all instituted binding early de

20、cision. The programs clearly benefit colleges, allowing schools to lock in talented young scholars and enhance their own standings in the influential college rankings.31. In some peoples opinion, early admissions（ ）.32. It can be inferred from the passage that（ ）.33. According to the passage, Yale c

21、laimed that（ ）.34. In recent years, early admissions（ ）.35. The authors attitude to early admission is（ ）.问题1选项A.will be abolished in the futureB.cause unfair competition in collegesC.attract more and more studentsD.are popular without entrance exams问题2选项A.early admissions include excellent students

22、 in every schoolB.parents are against early admissions absolutelyC.many parents learn little about the early admission systemD.the people who have the upper hand has more chances in early admissions问题3选项A.they were satisfied with the students from early admissionsB.they were critical of the deed of

23、other collegesC.they were aware of the disadvantages of the early admission systemD.they would reform the current early admission system问题4选项A.changed the standard fullyB.were less competitiveC.were becoming more and more popularD.were not publicized in spring any longer问题5选项A.optimisticB.pessimisti

24、cC.despairingD.conservative【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:C第4题:C第5题:A【解析】31. 推理判断题。定位在文章第二段第一句Opponents of early admissions offer several criticisms.（反对提前录取的人提出了一些批评言论。）The practice intensifies an unhealthy level of competition for admission to the nations top colleges and universities, they say.（他们说，这种做法加剧了进入美国

25、顶尖大学的不健康竞争。）由此可知提前录取会引起大学不公平竞争。B选项“会造成大学里不公平的竞争”正确，符合题意。A选项“将来会被废除”，C选项“吸引越来越多的学生”，D选项“没有入学考试很受欢迎”，A，C，D在文章中并未涉及，可排除。故选B。32. 推理判断题。定位在第二段最后一句Moreover, critics say, early admission unfairly gives a leg up to some applicants, mostly those who already have many advantages-students at elite private scho

26、ols and wealthy public schools where families and guidance counselors know how to work the angles of the admissions system.（此外，批评人士说，提前录取不公平地让一些申请人获得了优势，主要是那些已经有很多优势的学生就读于精英私立学校和富裕的公立学校的学生，这些学校的家庭和辅导员都知道如何从招生系统的角度出发。）A选项“每所学校的优秀生都被提前录取”，B选项“家长坚决反对提前录取”，C选项“许多家长对提前录取制度了解甚少”，A，B，C选项在文章中并未提及，可排除。D选项“那些

27、占上风的人在提前录取方面机会更大”正确，故选D。33. 推理判断题。定位在第三段The president of Yale University fueled the debate earlier this month by proposing that Yale and other elite institutions consider abandoning the early programs.（本月早些时候，耶鲁大学的总统教授提出，耶鲁和其他精英机构应该考虑放弃早期的项目，这引发了这场争论。）Even some students who gain early admission to t

28、he colleges they want say the process involves too much pressure, too soon.（甚至一些提前被他们想要的大学录取的学生也说，这个过程压力太大，太早了。）由此推论耶鲁大学和提前录取的学生都觉得这项制度有不合理的地方。A选项“他们对提前录取的学生感到满意”，未提及。B选项“他们对其他学院的行为持批评态度”，只是倡议取消，并未提出批评，C选项“他们意识到了提前录取制度的弊端”正确，正是意识到了弊端才会提出考虑放弃提前录取的项目。D选项“他们将改革现行的提前录取制度”，太过肯定，还处在提议争论中，并未得出结果。故选C。34. 推理

29、判断题。定位在第四段第一句The use of “early decision” and “early action” programs, which, in different ways, grant admission to students months ahead of the usual spring notifications, has soared in recent years and is at what some say are record highs.（“提前决定”和“提前行动”项目的使用，以不同的方式，让学生比通常的春季通知提前几个月被录取。近年来，这些项目的使用激增

30、，有人说达到了创纪录的高点。）Early admission policies have existed for at least 20 years. But their useand the controversy around themhas grown in the last decade（提前录取政策已经存在了至少20年。但它们的使用以及围绕它们的争议在过去10年中不断增长），由关键词soar“激增”，grown“生长，扩大”，我们可以推理出提前录取到现在还是普遍盛行的。因此C选项“变得越来越受欢迎”正确。A选项“完全改变了标准”并未谈及标准，B选项“竞争性较弱”，The practi

31、ce intensifies an unhealthy level of competition for admission to the nations top colleges and universities, they say.（他们说，这种做法加剧了进入美国顶尖大学的不健康竞争。）表述错误，D选项“在春天不再宣传了”，据第四段第一句可知，表述有误。故选C。35. 观点态度题。定位在文章中的最后一句The programs clearly benefit colleges, allowing schools to lock in talented young scholars and

32、enhance their own standings in the influential college rankings.（这些项目显然对大学而言是有利的，允许学校锁定有才华的年轻学者，提高自己在有影响力的大学中的地位排名。）由此可知作者觉得这项制度还是有利可取的。故A选项“乐观的”正确。B选项“悲观的”，C选项“绝望的”，D选项“保守的”均可排除，故选A。7.单选题The unemployed man is（ ）about streets with a cigar in his hand and a miserable feeling in mind.问题1选项A.plungingB.

33、patrollingC.loungingD.lingering【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项plunging“骤降；投入”；B选项patrolling“巡逻；侦查”；C选项lounging“懒洋洋地站着”；D选项lingering“徘徊；磨蹭”。句意：那个失业的人手里拿着雪茄在街上，心里愁闷不安。D选项符合语境语义，故选D。8.单选题The United Nations has declared 2008 the International Year of the Potato. It hopes that greater（ ）of the merits of potatoes wil

34、l contribute to the achievement of its Millennium Development Goals.问题1选项A.identityB.apprehensionC.awarenessD.consciousness【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项identity“身份；特性”；B选项apprehension“忧虑；恐惧”；C选项awareness“意识；认识”；D选项consciousness“知觉；感觉”。句意：联合国已经宣布2008年为国际土豆年，并希望更多人土豆的优点，从而促进千年发展目标的达成。为了促成千年发展目标的达成，一定要让更多人意识到土豆的

35、优点。因此C选项符合题意。9.单选题The expression “haste makes waste” does not（ ）to reading.问题1选项A.affectB.attendC.adoptD.apply【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项affect“影响；感染”；B选项attend“出席；参加”；C选项adopt“采取；接受”；D选项apply“应用；适用”。句意：“欲速则不达”这句话不于阅读。AC选项不能与to连用，可排除。B选项attend to意为“照顾；照料”，不符合句意，故选D。10.单选题Because these lines are taken out of

36、（ ）, they do not convey the message the author intended.问题1选项A.contentB.contactC.contextD.contract【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项content“内容；目录”；B选项contact“接触；联系”；C选项context“环境；上下文”；D选项contract“合同；契约”。Because引导原因状语从句，由主句they do not convey the message the author intended.“它们无法传达作者想表达的含义，可知单看一个句子是无法了解到作者想要表达的含义的，需

37、要结合文章的上下文，才能够理清思路。句意：由于脱离了，这些文字无法传达作者想表达的含义。因此C选项符合题意。11.单选题The sewage system of the city（ ）the water so that swimming was forbidden.问题1选项A.dilutedB.divertedC.culminatedD.contaminated【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项diluted“稀释；削弱”；B选项diverted“转移；使转向”；C选项culminated“使结束；达到顶点”；D选项contaminated“污染；弄脏”。句意：城市的污水系统了这片水域，

38、因此游泳被禁止。关键词sewage“污水”和后面的结果swimming was forbidden“游泳被禁止了”由此可知是污水会污染这片水域。本句使用的是过去式，因此空格内应填入谓语动词的过去式。因此D选项符合题意。12.单选题China, the economic powerhouse with a population of more than one billion people, is often at the（ ）of the news agenda.问题1选项A.forefrontB.edgeC.brinkD.border【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项forefront“

39、前沿；最前线”；B选项edge“边缘”；C选项brink“边缘”；D选项border“边界；边境”。句意：中国，这个拥有超过10亿人口的经济强国，经常出现在新闻议程的。B选项edge一般是用来形容比较窄的边缘。C选项brink一般是指悬崖峭壁的边缘。D选项border边界通常用来形容两国之间的边界线与临界点。而根据关键词news agenda“新闻议程”，中国经常能够占据新闻议程的最前沿。因此A选项符合题意。13.单选题Her husband is very（ ）electrician, he could repair all kinds of electric appliances.问题1选

40、项A.industriousB.competentC.carefulD.generous【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项industrious“勤勉的”；B选项competent“有能力的；胜任的”；C选项careful“小心的；仔细的”；D选项generous“慷慨的；大方的”。句意：她丈夫是一个的电工，他可以修理各种电器。后半句关键词repair“修理”，可知他是有能力做好的。故选B。14.单选题It was a scene that would stay forever in his mind: the father holding his son above the water

41、, himself slowly（ ）in the lake, desperately awaiting rescue.问题1选项A.oversteppedB.overflowedC.subjectedD.submerged【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项overstepped“逾越；超越”；B选项overflowed“溢出”；C选项subjected“使遭受；使从属”；D选项submerged“淹没；沉浸”。句意：这一幕将永远停留在他心中：父亲托举儿子露出水面，自己却慢慢于湖水中，绝望地等待救援。由关键信息above the water“在水面上”可以知道父亲的身体正淹没在水中。因此D

42、选项符合题意。15.翻译题Chinese culture is developed around collectivism which stresses communion and harmony. Western culture emphasizes individualism. In terms of eating customs, chopsticks and knives and forks are two disparate expressions of this cultural difference. The Chinese like to have communal meals

43、 where everybody eats out of the same bowl of food. Chopsticks were used in order to discourage people from eating more than others. This was not only a good way to preserve collectiveness, but also to limit individualism. It is more straightforward in the West. People eat their meals on their own a

44、nd there is no restriction on how to eat.【答案】中国文化推崇集体主义，崇尚共有，融合；西方文化崇尚个体。体现在吃饭的方式上就是筷子和刀叉的不同。中国人实行合餐制，用餐的人在一个盘中取食，用筷子可以限制个别人大量取食。如此一来，既保留了集体主义的形态，个人利益又不会受太大影响。西方人就简单一些，每个人吃自己盘里的食物，吃法也没有什么严格限制。16.单选题As protector of her familys health, the pioneer woman confronted situations she never imagined before

45、crossing the Mississippi. Few women came west prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds. Even when doctors were available, they were often no more knowledgeable than their patients. And most patent medicines were no more reliable than the itinerant merchants who sold t

46、hem.In certain cases, a woman could draw upon the folk wisdom and remedies she had learned back home; Western mosquitoes, for example, proved to be as repelled by a paste of vinegar and salt as were their Eastern cousins. More often, however, a woman was guided only by her own ingenuity in concoctin

47、g tonics, powders, poisons, and polishes from whatever she had at hand; salt made a passable toothpaste; gunpowder was applied to warts, and turpentine(松节油) to open cuts; goose grease, skunk oil, and the ever-present lard were basic liniments; medical teas and tonics were brewed from sunflower seeds

48、 and roots.31. According to the passage, why were doctors in the west sometimes unable to help their patients?32. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about patent medicines?33. It can be inferred that most of the pioneers referred to in the passage were originally from where in t

49、he United States?34. All of the following were mentioned in the passage as being encountered by the pioneers EXCEPT（ ）.35. It can be inferred from the passage that in order to survive in the West, the pioneers had to be（ ）.问题1选项A.They did not know how to treat the unfamiliar illnesses.B.They were mo

50、re interested in establishing practices in the cities.C.They were more concerned with doing research than with treating patients.D.They were often overcome by diseases caught from their patients.问题2选项A.They do not cost much.B.They helped heal snakebites.C.They did not work very well.D.They has a str

51、ong taste.问题3选项A.The desertB.The WestC.The state of MississippiD.The East问题4选项A.arrow woundsB.severe frostbiteC.desert sunburnD.rattlesnake bites问题5选项A.sincereB.youngC.resourcefulD.rich【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】31. 客观细节题。根据原文Even when doctors were available, they were often no more knowledgea

52、ble than their patients.（即使有医生，他们也常常像他们的病人一样缺乏知识。）故A选项“他们不知道如何治疗他们不熟悉的疾病”正确。B选项“他们对在城市建立业务更感兴趣”，C选项“他们更关心做研究而不是治疗病人”，D选项“他们经常对他们病人的疾病无可奈何”不符合原文。因此A选项正确。32. 客观细节题。根据原文And most patent medicines were no more reliable than the itinerant merchants who sold them.（大多数专利药和卖专利药的流动商人的药品一样，都不可靠。）所以我们可以推理出专利药的效

53、果难以保证。C选项“它们的效果不太好。”正确。A选项“它们不贵”，B选项“它们对治疗蛇咬伤有帮助”，D选项“它们味道很重”都不符合原文。故选C。33. 推理判断题。定位在第二段第一句，提示词learn back home（从家学习到的），可以在下半句找到答案，their Eastern cousins（她们东部的表兄弟们）可推理出她们来自美国的东部地区。A选项The desert“沙漠”；B选项The west“西部”；C选项The state of Mississippi“密西西比州”，首句As protector of her familys health, the pioneer wom

54、an confronted situations she never imagined before crossing the Mississippi. Few women came west prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds.（作为她家庭健康的守护者，这位开拓者在穿越密西西比州之前遇到了她从未想象过的情况。很少有妇女来西部就准备好了应对沙漠晒伤、响尾蛇的咬伤或箭伤的。）由此可排除AB选项，C选项为干扰项，文中只说了穿越了密西西比并没有直接说明来自那里。故选D。34. 客观细节题。根

55、据原文Few women came west prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds.（很少的妇女来到西部，就能够准备应对沙漠晒伤、响尾蛇咬伤或者箭伤的。）A选项“箭伤”，C选项“沙漠晒伤”，D选项“响尾蛇咬伤”在句中都有提及，而B选项“严重的冻伤”并未涉及，故选B。35. 语义推测题。A选项sincere“真诚的”；B选项young“年轻的”；C选项resourceful“有策略的，足智多谋的”；D选项rich“富有的”。从第一段我们知道西部地区是比较艰苦的，定位到第二段a woman

56、could draw upon the folk wisdom and remedies she had learned back home.(女人可以借鉴自己在家里学到的民间智慧和疗法。)由此我们可知先锋者在西部艰苦的地方生存下来是需要有一定技巧的，故选C。17.单选题It would be（ ）to arrive at a conclusion now.问题1选项A.premierB.prematureC.preliminaryD.prior【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项premier“首要的；第一的”；B选项premature“早产的；不成熟的”；C选项preliminary“

57、初步的；预备的”；D选项prior“先前的；优先的”。句意：现在就下结论会。在任何时候都可以做出一个决定，如果这项决定没有深思熟虑过，那么实施起来就会遇到问题，所以不能够过早的下定结论。因此B选项符合题意。18.单选题As the post-Enron wave of corporate scandals washed over America last year, a common response in Europe was: it couldnt happen here. Far from having the worlds best-policed markets, the Unite

58、d States, many European politicians claimed, suffered uniquely from a lethal combination of greedy and overpaid bosses: conflicted auditors and investment bankers, reliance on accounting rules not principles, and an obsession with quarterly profit numbers. In America, as many as 1,200 companies have

59、 been forced to restate their accounts in the past five years, in Europe the number is barely in double digits. So it is outrageous, many Europeans now argue, that America is seeking to impose the unwieldy Sarbanes-Oxley act, passed in the wake of Enron, on European companies listed in New York.As m

60、ore sensible European regulators recognize, this smugness was never justified; it is only necessary to recall scandals such as Vivendi and Elan. But Europes claim of immunity from corporate slackness has now been blown out of the water by this weeks revelations that Royal Ahold of the Netherlands ov