2022年考研考博-考博英语-安徽大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号88

1、住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-安徽大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题Hardly（ ）opened the letter（ ）rushed out of the house, wild with joy.问题1选项A.did he, when heB.had he, when heC.had he, did heD.did he, he when【答案】B【解析】考查部分倒装。当Hardly在句首时，为固定的倒装，且和when搭配，为Hardlywhen，可排除C选项。空格后open是实义动词且已

2、经是ed形式，证明之前不能使用did（使用did，open要相对应的使用原型），排除A, D选项，句意：他一打开信，就欣喜若狂地冲出了房子。因此B选项正确。2.单选题（ ）I want to make it a success, there are quite a number of obstacles in our way.问题1选项A.As much asB.So long asC.As little asD.So far as【答案】A【解析】考查让步状语从句。A选项As much as“尽管”；B选项So long as“只要；既然”；C选项As little as“仅仅；至少”；D选

3、项So far as“只要；至于”。句意：我很想成功，但在我们的道路上有相当多的障碍。我想成功和但是道路上有很多障碍，这两个句子存在一种让步关系。因此A选项符合题意。3.填空题Directions: This part consists of ten sentences. Each sentence has four parts underlined and labeled A, B, C and D. Identify the one choice that is not accepted in standard English and mark your choice by blacken

4、ing the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.21. A few A naturally elements exist in such small B amounts that they are known C mainly from laboratory-made D samples.22. A To stay warm in cold weather, cold-blooded animals must expose B itself to C a source of warmth such as D direct sunlight.23

5、. A severe illness A where she was B just nineteen months old C deprived Helen Keller D of both her sight and hearing.24. In A the wild, tea plants become B trees of C approximately thirty feet in Dhigh.25. For many centuries, sailors A relied on echoes B to warn them of Canother ships, icebergs, or

6、 cliffs in D foggy weather.26. A It is the B interaction between people, rather than the events that occur in their lives, C that are the main focus of D social psychology.27. It is true that A the rotation of the Earth B on its axis is responsible C with the alternation of periods D of light and da

7、rkness.28. One of the most difficult A questions B in defining sleep C is “What D is the functions of sleep?”29. Seven A of planets rotate in the same direction B as their orbital motions, C while Venus and Uranus rotate in the D opposite direction.30. The tongue is A capable of many B motions and c

8、onfigurations and plays C a vital role in chewing, D swallowed, and speaking.【答案】21. A22. B23. A24. D25. C26. C27. C28. D29. A30. D【解析】21. 考查形容词和副词的运用。将naturally改为natural；后面的elements“要素”为名词。记忆点：形容词修饰名词，副词大多用来修饰动词。22. 考查代词的对应关系。将itself改成themselves；句中指代的对象是animals，是复数名词，代词也同样需要使用复数形式。23. 考查从句引导词的使用。将w

9、here改成when；后面的she was just nineteen months old，用来特定表示那个时间段，而时间状语从句用when进行连接引导。where主要表地点。24.考查固定词组搭配。将high改成height；“in height”表示“在高度上”，是固定搭配。25. 考查代词的搭配。将another改成other；因为后面的ships是复数名词，而another后面接单数名词，故应改为other。26. 考查主谓一致。将are改成is；整句的大体结构为（Itsthat）rather than作为插入语，不充当居中主要成分，the interaction between p

10、eople才是本句的主语，为单数，故从句的谓语动词也应使用单数。27. 考查词组的固定搭配。将with改成for；be responsible for“对负责”，为固定搭配。28. 考查主谓一致。将is改成are，主谓一致；one of接复数可数名词。后面的主语为questions，故此句的谓语动词应使用复数形式are。29. 考查定冠词的用法。在planets前添加the；在本句中的planets是特指太阳系中的九大行星，因此，需要加入定冠词the。30. 考查连词的一致性。将swallowed改成swallowing；句中play a vital role in+动名词，and连接所有动词

11、的使用形式需要一致。4.单选题You dont have to take all the courses if you have no interest in them. They are（ ）.问题1选项A.optionalB.opticalC.elementaryD.critical【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项optional“可选择的”；B选项optical“光学的；视觉的”；C选项elementary“基本的；初级的”；D选项critical“至关重要的”。句意：如果你对这些课程不感兴趣的话，那么你不必全部都上。它们是。不必上所有的课程，因为它们是可以选修的。故选A。5.单

12、选题The boy who is talking with your teacher is（ ）an athlete.问题1选项A.anything butB.none butC.all butD.something but【答案】A【解析】考查词组搭配。A选项anything but“根本不；绝不”；B选项none but“只是；仅”；C选项all but“几乎；差不多”；D选项something but没有此类搭配。句意：和你老师正在说话的那个男孩绝不是一个运动员。A选项词组更加贴合句意逻辑，故选A。6.单选题Care should be taken to decrease the len

13、gth of time that one is（ ）loud continuous noise.问题1选项A.attached toB.subjected toC.filled withD.associated with【答案】B【解析】考查词组搭配辨析。A选项(be) attached to“附属于；系于”；B选项(be) subjected to“遭受；承受”；C选项(be) filled with“充满”；D选项(be) associated with“与有关”。句意：应注意缩短人们连续噪音的时间。从句中的主语是one“人”，宾语是loud continuous noise“响亮不间断的

14、噪音”。人对噪音是难以忍受的，所以需要缩短人们承受噪音的时间。因此B选项符合题意。7.单选题He could（ ）shadowy figure of a man standing among the trees.问题1选项A.disguiseB.discernC.disinterestD.discover【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项disguise“掩饰；假装”；B选项discern“察觉出；识别”；C选项disinterest“使不关心；使没兴趣”；D选项discover“发现；发觉”。句意：他能够站在树与树之间的人的模糊身影。根据关键词shadowy figure of a ma

15、n“一个人的模糊身影”，在句中他有这个能力识别出那个模糊的身影。因此B选项符合题意。8.单选题Perhaps you didnt quite understand the movie and then left before finishing it.（ ）the case, I think this little pamphlet may be of some help.问题1选项A.If this beB.This should beC.Should this beD.Is this【答案】A【解析】考查条件状语从句。由I think this little pamphlet may be

16、 of some help.句意：我想这个宣传册可能有所帮助。由关键词may可知空格后的the case这种情况并不是虚拟的，而是一个真实条件句，故不用倒装，而条件句一般是用if引导。因此答案选A，相当于省略了should，即If this (should) be。整个句意为：也许你并不十分理解这部电影，没结束就提前离开了。如果真的如此，我想这个宣传册可能有所帮助。9.单选题Shopping in the United States is always a pleasant experience. There are different types of shops that operate

17、to cater to your different needs. To buy groceries, you can go to the convenience store, the supermarket or the mass merchandiser (such as Wall Mart). To buy some clothes and big-ticket items you can go to the mall or factory outlets.Every grocery store has promotions on different kinds of products

18、every week. Usually you can find a store weekly newspaper with featured promotions for that particular week. I am a bargain hunter, forward buying a lot of daily products if I feel I need them in the future. Once, I saw a featured promotion on Pantene 2 in 1 shampoo plus conditioner(护发素). Although I

19、 did not need it at that time, I felt it was a great deal. So I decided to buy 2 bottles. However, I could not find any such Pantene on the shelf. I went to a sales clerk and asked if he could find any for me. He told me that the store was out of the stock and it would not have any in until the next

20、 week. The unfortunate thing was that by then the promotion would be over. However, the clerk told me that I could go the customer service counter and I would be given a rain check, which would guarantee the promotion price for me on that particular item.A shopping mall in the States is composed of

21、many individual specialty shops and nationwide chain stores, such as Sears and JC Penny. What impresses me most when shopping is its return policy. No matter what you buy, shoes, pants or big-ticket items such as JV and VCR, if you find some problems with them or simply do not like them any longer,

22、you can return them within 30 days. You wont be challenged at the customer service counter as long as you have your receipt. Of course there are some people who might take advantage of this return policy, especially when they need something for a momentary use. Thats why you can find a long line of

23、people waiting to return their goods right after Christmas.5. What does the word “big-ticket” (Para. 1) most probably mean?6. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that the author（ ）.7. According to the author, the return policy of the mall（ ）.8. The author thinks many people return their goo

24、ds after Christmas because（ ）.问题1选项A.A large amount of.B.Name-brand.C.Highly price.D.Huge space occupied.问题2选项A.could buy Pantene in the following week at the promotion priceB.bought what he wanted with the help of the sales clerkC.didnt buy Pantene shampoo for he didnt need it at that timeD.wouldnt

25、 buy Pantene the next week for the promotion would be over问题3选项A.is as good as promotions of grocery storesB.is impressive but not pleasingC.benefits the customersD.is taken advantage by poor people问题4选项A.there are some problems with their goodsB.they dont like the goods any longerC.they are challen

26、ged at the customer service counterD.they just want to use them for a very short time【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D【解析】5. 词义推测题。根据原文No matter what you buy, shoes, pants or big-ticket items such as JV and VCR, if you find some problems with them or simply do not like them any longer, you can return them wi

27、thin 30 days.（不管你买什么，鞋子、裤子或者是像电视和录像机这样的物品，如果你发现它们有问题，或只是不喜欢它们了，你都可以在30天内退掉它们。）big-ticket放在名词前由此可推测出它是一个形容词。前面讲的是小物件，后面指的是像电视机或者录像机价格比较贵的物品。因此C选项“价格很高的”正确，符合题意。A选项“大量的”；B选项“名牌的”；D选项“巨大占地方的”均不符题意，故选C。6. 推理判断题。定位在第二段最后一句However, the clerk told me that I could go the customer service counter and I would

28、 be given a rain check, which would guarantee the promotion price for me on that particular item.（不过，他告诉我，我可以到顾客服务台去拿一张推迟票，这张票确保我以后会以促销价买到那东西。）由此可知作者之后还是能够以促销价买到潘婷，因此A选项“可以在下周以促销价购买潘婷”正确，符合题意。B选项“在售货员的帮助下买了他想要的东西”，根据原文However, I could not find any such Pantene on the shelf.（然而，我在架子上找不到这样的潘婷。）和He tol

29、d me that the store was out of the stock and it would not have any in until the next week.（他告诉我这家商店没有存货了，要到下周才能进货）可知，作者并没有立马获得，售货员的建议是拿一张推迟票，可以在下周买。表述有误，可排除。C选项“没有买潘婷洗发水，因为他当时不需要”，根据原文Although I did not need it at that time, I felt it was a great deal. So I decided to buy 2 bottles.（虽然我当时不需要它，但我觉得它真

30、的很值。所以我决定买两瓶。），可知作者还是决定要买，表述有误，可排除。D选项“下周不会买潘婷，因为促销活动将要结束了”，干扰项，文章中只说作者有这个打算，但最后有没有买下来并未提及，可排除。故选A。7. 推理判断题。定位在第三段What impresses me most when shopping is its return policy.（退货政策让作者印象最深。）30天内可退货，而且You wont be challenged at the customer service counter as long as you have your receipt.（只要你有收据，顾客服务台就不会

31、有人为难你。）由此可推理，退货政策是能够让顾客受益的。因此C选项“使顾客受益”正确，符合题意。A选项“和杂货店的促销活动一样好”与题意无关，可排除。B选项“令人印象深刻但不讨人喜欢”，作者对保护权益的退货政策是很满意的，只是后面说到了这个政策会被人钻空子。D选项“被穷人占了便宜”，定位到原文Of course there are some people who might take advantage of this return policy, especially when they need something for a momentary use.（当然，有些人可能会利用这种退货政策

32、，特别是当他们需要一些暂时使用的东西时。）并没有说明占便宜的一定是穷人，可排除。故选C。8. 推理判断题。定位在第三段Of course there are some people who might take advantage of this return policy, especially when they need something for a momentary use. Thats why you can find a long line of people waiting to return their goods right after Christmas.（当然，有些人

33、会利用这个退货政策占便宜，尤其当他们只是暂时需要某种东西的时候。这就是为什么在过完圣诞节之后，你会看到人们排着长队等着退货。）由此可知圣诞后很多人退货是因为他们只需要暂时使用，因此D选项“他们只想在很短的时间内使用它们”正确，符合题意。A选项“他们的货物有些问题”，B选项“他们不再喜欢这些商品了”，C选项“他们在客户服务柜台受到质询”，A，B，C选项均与题意不符，可排除，故选D。10.单选题Would you please（ ）on your second point?问题1选项A.indicateB.elaborateC.precedeD.count【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项in

34、dicate“表明；指出”；B选项elaborate“精心制作；详细阐述”；C选项precede“领先；高于”；D选项count“认为；算数”。句意：能不能对你的第二个要点进行？对第二个要点还没有领会理解，需要进一步做解释。因此B选项符合题意。11.翻译题As a country with a long civilized history China is also one big oriental country full of modern vitality, not to mention its unique, rich and varied tourism resources. Bes

35、ides the picturesque natural scenery, profound history and extensive culture, China embodies the different folk customs of 56 nationalities. Now, there are 29 places that have been listed as World Cultural and Natural Heritages sites. Thanks to the further push by the opening up and reform, Chinas m

36、odern construction is surging ahead and the cities and the country are experiencing daily changes. The ancient glory of China and its modern boom add radiance and charm to each other, joining to create a most favorable condition for developing our domestic and international tourism.【答案】中国是一个有着悠久文明历史

37、的国家，也是一个充满现代活力的东方大国，更不用说它独特、丰富、多样的旅游资源了。除了如画般的自然风光，深厚的历史和博大的文化外，中国还包含了56个民族的不同民俗习惯。目前，被列为世界文化遗产地和世界自然遗产地有29处。由于改革开放的进一步推进，中国的现代化建设突飞猛进，城市和农村日新月异。中国古代的辉煌与现代的繁荣交相辉映，都为国内外旅游业的发展创造了最有利的条件。12.单选题If the salinity of ocean waters is analyzed, it is found to vary only slightly from place to place. Neverthele

38、ss, some of these small changes are important. There are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic salinity. One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation-conversion of liquid water to water vapor. In this manner, the salinity is increased, since the salt

39、s stay behind. If this is carried to the extreme, of course, white crystals of salt would be left behind: this, by the way, is how much of the table salt we use is actually obtained.The opposite of evaporation is precipitation, such as rain, by which water is added to the ocean. Here the ocean is be

40、ing diluted so that the salinity is decreased. This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean. Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation or runoff.Normally, i

41、n tropical regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation. Similarly, in coastal regions where rivers dilute the sea, salinity is somewhat lower than in other oceanic areas.A third process by w

42、hich salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behind. In this manner, seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeared. Of course, when this ice

43、 melts it will tend to decrease the salinity of the surrounding water.In the Weddell Sea, off Antarctica, the densest water in the oceans is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavy water sinks and is found in the deepest portions of the oce

44、ans of the world.13. What does this passage mainly discuss?14. Which of the following is NOT true after the formation of ocean ice?15. Why does the author mention the Weddell Sea in the last paragraph?16. What can be inferred about the water near the bottom of oceans with ices?问题1选项A.The change in o

45、ceanic salinityB.The processes of sea waterC.The formation of our table saltD.The conversion of sea water问题2选项A.The salt is still in the water.B.The heavy water sinks.C.The water becomes denser.D.Water salinity decreases.问题3选项A.To suggest that it has salinity variation.B.To compare Antarctic waters

46、with Arctic waters.C.To indicate the location of deep waters.D.To give an example of cold-water salinity.问题4选项A.It moves very quickly.B.It is relatively warm.C.Its salinity is relatively high.D.It is relatively cold.【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:D第4题:C【解析】13. 主旨大意题。文章的第一句If the salinity of ocean waters is analy

47、zed, it is found to vary only slightly from place to place.（如果对海水的盐度进行分析，就会发现各地的盐度差别很小。）但是有些小的变化是重要的，最后再说明了导致海洋的盐度变化的基本过程有三个：蒸发、降水和冰。文章一直围绕着盐度变化进行阐述。因此A选项“海洋盐度的变化”正确，符合题意。B选项“海水的过程”，C选项“我们食盐的形成”，D选项“海水的转化”均与题意不符，可排除。故选A。14. 推理判断题。定位在倒数第二段When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behi

48、nd. In this manner, seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeared.（海水冻结时，溶于其中的物质被留了下来。这样，在新形成的海洋冰正下方的海水会比在冰块形成之前有更高的盐度。）由此可知海洋冰形成后附近水域的盐度会上升，而不是下降，因此D选项“盐度降低”错误。同理可知A选项“盐还在水里”，C选项“水变得更浓了”正确。B选项“重水下沉”定位在最后一段In the Weddell Sea, off Antarctic

49、a, the densest water in the oceans is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water.（在南极洲附近的威德尔海，海洋中最稠密的水是由于这种冻结过程而形成的，这种冻结过程增加了冷水的盐度。）可知This heavy water sinks这种重水下沉也与海洋冰的形成有关。故选D。15. 推理判断题。定位在最后一段In the Weddell Sea, off Antarctica, the densest water in the

50、oceans is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavy water sinks and is found in the deepest portions of the oceans of the world.（在南极洲附近的威德尔海，海洋中浓度最高的水是由于这种冻结过程而形成的，这种冻结过程增加了冷水的盐度。这种重水下沉，在世界海洋最深的部分被发现。）还是在对第三种导致海洋的盐度变化的过程海洋冰的举例，因此答案选D选项“举冷水盐度的

51、例子”正确，符合题意。A选项“表明它有盐度变化”，与题意不符，可排除。B选项“把南极水域和北极水域进行比较”属于无中生有，可排除。C选项“指示深水的位置”偷换主语，非深水而是重水下沉。可排除。故选D。16. 推理判断题。根据原文In this manner, seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeared.（这样，在新形成的海洋冰正下方的海水会比在冰块形成之前有更高的盐度。）和the densest water in the oc

52、eans is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water.（由于这种冻结过程，海洋中最密集的水形成，增加了冷水的盐度）由此可推理出在海洋冰底下的海水浓度会更高。因此C选项“它的盐度相对较高”正确，符合题意。A选项“它移动得很快”，B选项“海水会相对暖和”，D选项“海水相当冷”，均未涉及，不符合题意，可排除。故选C。13.单选题Martin Luther King（ ）himself as a nonviolent civil rights leader who

53、was respected greatly by the American Black.问题1选项A.recognizedB.distinguishedC.differentiatedD.separated【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项recognized“认识；意识到”，为及物动词；B选项distinguished“辨别；使出名”，与as搭配，意为“以而著名”；C选项differentiated“区分；使有差别”；D选项separated“分开；隔开”。句意：马丁路德金作为非暴力民权运动领导人而闻名，并且受到美国黑人的极大尊敬。根据后面的定语从句who was respected g

54、reatly by the American Black“受美国黑人的尊敬”可知他是有名的，而且广受黑人关注。因此B选项符合题意。14.单选题（ ）outside in the street, the man was sent to hospital at once.问题1选项A.To be found dyingB.Finding deadC.Found lying and dying fastD.Found lying and almost died【答案】C【解析】考查分词辨析。A选项To be found dying“被发现奄奄一息”；动词不定式表将来，本句所用一般过去式，故排除A选项

55、。B选项Finding dead“发现死者”；主语是the man和find之间的关系为被动关系，故排除B选项。D选项Found lying and almost died有语病，die是瞬间动词，也不能用almost修饰，可以用die的连续性动词dying“奄奄一息的”。句意：人们发现了这个男人躺在大街上奄奄一息的时候，立即将他送往医院。故选C。15.单选题Weather（ ）, the picnic will be held as scheduled.问题1选项A.permitsB.should permitC.will permitD.permitting【答案】D【解析】考查独立主格结

56、构。后半句the picnic will be held as scheduled.“野餐会如期举行。”是一个完整的句子，句中并不缺少谓语成分，因此使用独立主格来充当本句的状语。句意：天气允许的话，野餐会如期举行。weather是permit的逻辑主语，两者间是一种主动关系，因此选用permit的现在分词形式，故选D。16.单选题The story was（ ）; it was completely untrue.问题1选项A.facilitatedB.fascinatedC.fabricatedD.formulated【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项facilitated“促进；帮助”

57、；B选项fascinated“使着迷；使陶醉”；C选项fabricated“编造；虚构”；D选项formulated“规划”。句意：这个故事是的，完全不真实。根据后面的评价completely untrue“一点也不真实”，可以知道这个故事是编造而成的。因此C选项符合题意。17.单选题Tidal action is a very complicated phenomenon involving many factors all of which must be considered to predict tide in any one place and at any one time. Th

58、e alternate rise and fall of the surface of the seas and the ocean is mainly caused by the attractive force of the moon alone. When the attraction is great, the tide is high; and conversely when the attraction is minimal, the tide is low. Between the high tide and the low tide is a period of a littl

59、e over six hours, being called during its rise a flood tide, and during its fall an ebb tide.The sun also exerts its effect on the tide, being a little less than half as much as the moon, although its mass is so much greater. When the moon and the sun are horizontal, the highest high tide occurs and

60、 when they are vertical the lowest low tide takes place.The wind also plays an important part in the modification of the normal rise and fall of the tide. Thus these factors affect each other, either distracting or adding to the attractive forces to add or subtract from the height of the tide. But t