成语短语翻译课件

1、Translation 汉语成语与四字短语的英译Idioms words collocated into a fossilized term 结构固定 an expression, word, or phrase that has a figurative meaning 蕴含比喻意义；Idioms usually do not translate well; in some cases, when translated into another language, either its meaning is changed or it is meaningless 翻译操作难度大Idioms

2、literally “set phrases”；often referred to as Chinese idioms or four-character idioms ( 95% of all); 2. mostly derived from ancient literature; often intimately linked with the myth, story or historical fact from which they were derived. 常有历史渊源3. highly compact and synthetic, not following the usual

3、grammatical structure and syntax of the modern Chinese spoken language 结构精炼 Contrastive AnalysisChengyu Vs English idioms对等：喻体、喻义相似趁热打铁 空中楼阁浑水摸鱼 晴天霹雳隔墙有耳strike while the iron is hotcastle in the air fish in the troubled watera bolt from the blueWalls have earsContrastive AnalysisChengyu Vs English i

4、dioms2. 部分对等： 喻义相似、喻体不同 血流如注 一贫如洗 健壮如牛美中不足瓮中之鳖To bleed like a pigAs poor as a church mouseAs strong as a horseA fly in the ointmentA rat in a holeContrastive AnalysisChengyu Vs English idioms2. 部分对等：喻体多种，喻义相似 左右为难 进退维谷 骑虎难下At a nonplus Between the devil and the dead sea Between the two firesBetween

5、the horns of a dilemma Hold a wolf by the ear With ones back to the wallContrastive AnalysisChengyu Vs English idioms2. 部分对等：喻体相似，喻义不同 行尸走肉 拖后腿Walking skeleton/corpse Pull ones legWalking deadHold sb backTranslating Chengyu 1. 代换（replacement）：用对等或相似的英文表达来代换汉语中的形象。Some Chinese idioms can be translate

6、d with equivalence or the closest equivalence in English idioms.眼不见,心不烦赴汤蹈火洗心革面 Out of sight, out of mindGo through fire and water Turn over a new leaf 2.直译(literal translation)：保留汉语成语的形象生动，同时实现交流。适用于按字面翻译能够：a. 使英语读者得到正确无误的形象意义; b. 使英语读者联想起对等成语； c. 汉语成语本身没有形象的比喻意义，字面意义既是其实际意义 对牛弹琴涸泽而渔 攻其不备 Play the

7、lute to the cow (cast pearls before swine)Drain the pond to catch the fish（Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs）Strike/attack sb unprepared)直译 Literal translation王夫人便道：“ 临阵磨枪，也不中用！”“Its no use sharpening your spear just before a battle,” warned Lady Wang.3.（直译）加注(annotation)：有些情况下，直译未能有效传达原文形象，可

8、以通过加注实现文化内涵的传递。事后诸葛亮 八仙过海，各显神通Eight fairies/immortals cross the sea, each one showing his or her special prowess (eight immortals are from Chinese Taoism folklore ) Be a wise man like Zhuge Liang after the event (Zhuge Liang is the symbol of wisdom in Chinese history)4.意译：有些情况下，直译不能传达文化意义，代换又流损源语风味，

9、过多解释有失精辟，可以舍弃文化背景，译出成语内涵。适用于： 带有独特中国文化背景，字面含有中国古代的人名、地名，或者源自寓言或历史的典故。 四面楚歌悬梁刺股Be besieged on/from all sidesExtremely hard-working in ones study4.意译： 得陇望蜀，人之常情Its only natural for man to be hanger for moreGive him an inch and he will take an ell（a yard）. Translating Four-Character Phrases 四字短语体现了中华民族

10、的传统美学思想。音美：音韵和谐，节奏明快形美：结构工整，气势磅礴意美：凝练含蓄，内涵丰富披荆斩棘奋笔疾书乘风破浪她娇柔妩媚，楚楚动人，他不禁怦然心动。 “那是阴谋”语音刚落，老人奄奄一息， 撒手人寰。She was such a sweet angel that he fell for her immediately.“It was a plot.” With that, the old man breathed his last.Translating Xiehouyu- Two-part allegorical sayings Versions of translated terms：Quiz-cracks (俏皮话)Enigmatic folk similesChinese folk wisecracks (俏皮话)诸葛亮皱眉头：忠孝信 水仙不开花Faults are thick where love is thin 计上心来无义装蒜Literal translation对于比喻和喻义具有普世性（universality）, 且不含双关的比喻式歇后语，可以直译，既能传达汉语的形象性，又可以为英语读者欣赏。皇帝的女儿不愁嫁the daughter of