2022-2023学年北京市牛山一中高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角条形码粘贴处。2作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答

2、题卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1If he _ his teachers suggestion, he would have won the English Speech Contest.Ahad followedBshould followCwas to followDfollowed2Although it in the desert most of the year, people still live thereAdoesnt rainBdidnt rainChasnt rainedDhadnt rained3What about watching

3、a ballet show this evening?Thanks for inviting me, but ballet isnt really _.Athe apple of my eyeBmy feet of clayCmy cup of teaDthe salt of the earth4Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I _ as well as her.AdanceBwill danceChad dancedDdanced5After a long absence, I went back to college, _ to pick up w

4、here Id left off.AhopingBhopeCto hopeDhoped6Newly-built wooden cottages line the street，_ the old town into a dreamland.AturnedBturningCto turnDhaving turned7We the top of the mountain but for this awful weatherIt rained all dayAwill reachBwould reachChave reachedDwould have reached8The debate here

5、will be limited in two main respects，_ the time available.Ain view of Bin return forCin addition to Din comparison with9This is not an economical way to get more water; _, it is very expensive.Aworse stillBon the contraryCin shortDin addition10I regret not having taken your advice. Otherwise I _ thi

6、s mistake at the moment.Adidnt makeBwouldnt makeChadnt makeDwouldnt have made11Didnt you go fishing with your friends last Sunday?No. I _ to the nursing home as usual.AwentBgoChave goneDhad gone12We have more than 80 flats in this building, each _ solar heatersAis equipped withBequipped withCis equi

7、pped byDequipped by13This kind of glasses made by experienced craftsmen _ comfortably. Ais worn Bwears Cwearing Dare worn14It is what you do rather than what you say _ matters.AthatBwhatCwhichDthis15For a third-culture kid,it is often easier to a new foreign country than to their home country.Amovin

8、g Bto move Cmove Dmoved16Look! Mary is crazily looking for something again! _ , she cant find her keys.ATypicallyBOccasionallyCAccordinglyDParticularly17That Was the first time she alone at home during the weekends，bored to death Ahas left Bhas been left Chad left Dhad been left18I thought it hard t

9、o complete the project at first, but I_my mind.AchangeBhave changedChad changedDwould change19_ the efforts made by the police, a fantastic performance will be put on tomorrow.AIn place of BIn search ofCIn charge of DIn praise of20We packed all the hooks in wooden boxes so that they damaged.Adont ge

10、t Bwont getCdidnt get Dwouldnt get第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）October 31, 2009, CaliforniaTsien Hsue-shen, PhD39, one of the founders of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, died on October 31, He was 98.Tsien, bom in the eastern Chinese city of Hangzhou, graduated from the Nati

11、onal Qinghua University in 1934 and in August of 1935 he left China to study at the Massachusetts Institute Technology. In 1936 he went to the California Institute of Technology to commence graduate studies. Tsien obtained his doctor degree in 1939 and would remain at Caltech for 20 years, becoming

12、the Goddard Professor and establishing a reputation as one of the leading rocket scientists in the United States.In 1943, Tsien and two others in the Caltech rocketry group drafted the first document to use the name Jet Propulsion Laboratory. During the Second World War, he was amongst the other sci

13、entists participated the Manhattan Project. After World War II he served as a consultant to the United States Army Air Force. During this time, Conlonel Tsien worked on designing an intercontinental space plane. His work would inspire the X20Dyna-Soar which would later be the inspiration for the Spa

14、ce Shuttle. In 1945 Tsien Hsue-shen married Jiang Ying, the daughter of Jiang Bailione of the Chinese nationalist leader Chiang Kaishens leading military strategists. But in 1950, the Chinese-born scientist was accused of harboring Communist sympathies and stripped of his security clearance.In Septe

15、mber 1955 he was permitted to leave for China, where Tsien resumed his research, founded the Institute of Mechanics, and went on to become the father of Chinas missile program, a trusted member of the government and Partys inner circle, and the nations most honored scientist, Tsien retired in 1991 a

16、nd has maintained a low public profile in Beijing, China. The PRC government launched its manned space program in 1992 and used Tsiens research as the basis for the Long March rocket which successfully launched the Shenzhou V mission in October of 2003. The elderly Tsien was able to watch Chinas fir

17、st manned space mission on television from his hospital bed.In his late years, since the 1980s, Tsien devoted himself to spirituality research, and advocated scientific investigation of traditional Chinese medicine, Qigong and special human body functions.1、The underlined word commence in this passa

18、ge probably means _.Amake upBgetCbeginDpromise2、Tsien Hsue-shen got married at the age of _.A45B28C24D343、What is the right order of the events related to Tsien Hsue-shen?a. his later life b. return to Chinac. career in the U. S. A d. his early life and educationAa-b-c-dBd-c-b-aCd-b-c-aDc-b-d-a4、Whi

19、ch of the following statements is NOT true?ATsien Hsue-shen got a doctors degree in 1939.BTsien Hsue-shen married Jiang Ying, the daughter of Chinese nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shen.CTsien Hsue-shen has made a contribution to the Space Shuttle.DTsien Hsue-shen was interested in traditional Chines

20、e medicine, qigong and special human body funcitions in his later life.22（8分） I decided to ski to the North Pole. It was after I saw an advertisement in a newspaper looking for people to join a team to ski 350 miles to the North Pole. Back in 1996, there had never been a woman from the U.K. who had

21、accomplished this challenge. I wondered what it would be like to survive in temperatures cold enough to freeze your flesh in seconds, so I sent off for the application form.The application form full of pictures of male explorers arrived. The words “Are you man enough for the ultimate (极端的) challenge

22、?”made me angry and even more determined to get on the team.Over 500 individuals applied for a place in the team, and the selection process included physical and psychological tests designed to pick the best group. In one test, there was a huge rope ladder we had to climb, and I froze at the top bec

23、ause I have a fear of heights. I thought my hopes were fading as most other applicants sailed past, leaving me behind. But two others helped me over, and later I found out that the organizers were not looking for amazing individuals, but great team players, and this moment had shown them who would t

24、ake care of others in the team.I had revealed (展示) my weakness, and in a place like the Arctic, you have to be yourself, as there is nowhere to hide. These personalities of asking for help and showing weakness are necessary for women to master.I realized that by being myself, I could succeed. I was

25、selected for the team. I realized that I could achieve more than I ever imagined - more importantly, by sharing my story with others, I could inspire them to take a step into the new world and reveal more of their abilities.1、How did the author react on seeing the advertisement?AShe got cross.BShe w

26、as determined.CShe got frightened.DShe was hesitating.2、What did the organizers view as the most important in the selection?APersonal quality.BIndividual ability.CSpirit of teamwork.DCourage to challenge.3、What does the author think of womens showing weakness?ABeneficial.BShameful.CMerciful.DDisturb

27、ing.4、Whats the intention of the author in writing this passage?ATo inspire us to prepare for our future goal.BTo advise women how to turn to others.CTo make suggestions to her team members.DTo encourage people to explore the unknown.23（8分）Microsoft has developed a new smart phone app that interpret

28、s eye signals and translates them into letters, allowing people with motor neurone disease to communicate with others from a phone.The GazeSpeak app combines a smartphones camera with artificial intelligence to recognize eye movements in real time and convert(改变) them into letters, words and sentenc

29、es.For people suffering from ALS（渐冻症）, also known as motor neurone disease, eye movement can be the only way they are able to communicate.“Current eye-tracking input systems for people with ALS or other motor impairments are expensive, not robust under sunlight, and require frequent re-calibration a

30、nd substantial, relatively immobile setups,”said Xiaoyi Zhang, a researcher at Microsoft who developed the technology.“Tomitigatethe drawbackswe created GazeSpeak, an eye-gesture communication system that runs on a smartphone, and is designed to be low-cost, robust, portable and easy to learn.”The a

31、pp is used by the listener by pointing their smartphone at the speaker. A chart that can be stuck to the back of the smartphone is then used by the speaker to determine which eye movements to make in order to communicate.The sticker shows four grids(方格) of letters, which each correspond to a differe

32、nt eye movement. By looking up, down, left or right, the speaker selects which grids the letters they want belong to. The artificial intelligence algorithm（程序）is then able to predict the word or sentence they are trying to say.1、What does the underlined word“mitigate”in paragraph 5 probably mean?Aig

33、nore BdestroyCincrease Dreduce2、The passage mainly tells us _ .AThe advantages of Gaze Speak over the Current eye-tracking input systems.BSmartphone App helps ALS suffers speak with their eyes movement.CThe sticker plays an important role in Gaze Speak.DThe writer is making an advertisement for Gaze

34、 Speaker.3、Whats the writers attitude towards the invention of Gaze Speaker?Adoubtful BnegativeCfavorable Dunclear24（8分）Vinegar is great. It makes salad, fries and dumplings taste better, and you can even clean your windows with it. And now, according to scientists, it may even help the planets popu

35、lation survive climate change. Researchers from the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS) in Japan proved that. They found growing plants in vinegar makes them more resistant to droughts. This could mean that in the future, worries about climate change affecting the worlds supply of f

36、ood will be much lower.The discovery was made after the researchers studied the Arabidopsis, a plant known for its ability to survive in dry weather. It was found that when the plant was placed in drought-like conditions, it produced a chemical called acetate (醋酸盐)the main component of vinegar.After

37、 discovering this, the scientists experimented further by adding acetate to the soil of other plants before they stopped giving them water completely. After leaving the plants for 14 days, they found that the ones treated with acetate had survived, while the untreated plants had dried up and died.It

38、s hoped that this simple method of survival could soon be used to help fanners in dry countries keep their crops alive. “In the experiment, we targeted the staple foods of the worldrice, wheat and maize and proved successful” Jong Myong Kim, co-author of the study, told Popular Science magazine.Kim

39、has already been in touch with people around the world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from farmers to companies and amateur gardeners. “Now we are trying to cooperate with them to make a method to apply this system, and make the process as simpl

40、e as possible,” he said. Hopefully this means the end of hunger caused by bad weather in the future.1、What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 1 refer to?AVinegar may help creatures survive bad weather.BVinegar is found in plants by Japanese scientists.CVinegar is very useful for cooking a

41、good meal.DVinegar is mainly used by people to clean houses.2、Scientists in Japan find from their studies that .Athe Arabidopsis could survive in dry weather because of the shapeBsoil condition could be changed by pouring vinegar continuallyCthe acetate can be used by farmers to replace the soilDthe

42、 plants treated with acetate could survive dry conditions3、What can we infer from the last paragraph?AIts too difficult for farmers to accept the method.BHow to decrease the cost is the main issue.CThe method is promising especially in agriculture.DKeeping plants alive means a lot for scientists.4、W

43、hich of the following can be the best title for the text?AJapanese Scientists Find a PlantBVinegar Could End HungerCVinegar and FoodDPlants Need Water25（10分）I am astonished at the way God knows when to send a special gift of encouragement at just the right time! It might be in a dream, a lost letter

44、, a memory, or something found that wed forgotten about.My grandmother was from a town in Michigan. And summer after summer I enjoyed staying with my grandparents as a young child. I was from the city and loved the small town where they lived. People knew everyone, their children, their pets, their

45、ancestors.Grandma was always using her hands for something exciting. she would make sandwiches and wed have tea parties, plant flowers and carefully tend them. She loved knitting sweaters as well as making beautiful quilts for her grandchildren. I remember the small thimble (顶针) she would place on h

46、er finger while doing her needlework.A few years ago, when Grandma left this earth for her new residence in Heaven, I bid farewell to my loving grandmother. How quickly our lives can change! We had just had tea together a couple of months earlier, on her 91st birthday. I missed her very much, but I

47、noticed it mostly on my birthdays, because there was no card from Grandma. Shed never forgotten my birthday!On one particular birthday when I was feeling a little low, something happened made me feel as if she was sharing that special day with me. I was arranging some colorful pillows that she had m

48、ade, and suddenly I felt something inside one pillow; it was small and hard. I moved the object to a seam（缝）that I carefully opened, and, to my delight, out came a tiny silver thimble!How happy I was to find something that had been a part of her! Not realizing it had fallen off her finger, I picture

49、d her sewing it into that little pillow that I just happened to fluff（抖松）, to place on my bedspread（床罩）that day. I carefully laid the thimble alongside the others Id collected over the years. What a precious memory of a very special lady who, somehow, I knew, was laughing in delight at sewing her th

50、imble into my pillow. I heated the kettle and made some tea, using my best china, as Grandma always did, and then enjoyed my tea and Grandmas thimble. What a wonderful birthday that was!1、In the authors memory, what would her grandmother do?AShe would make sandwiches and hamburgers for her family.BS

51、he would wear a thimble for needlework every day.CShe would make beautiful quilts for money.DShe would look after the flowers in the garden.2、What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to?AThe modern worlds fast-changing life.BThe fact that the grandmother had passed away.CThe authors m

52、issing her grandmother.DThe love the author got from her grandmother.3、How did the author feel when she found the thimble?ASurprised and joyful. BDelighted but regretful.CGuilty and sad. DJoyful but lonely.4、Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?AGrandmas Thimble.BGrandmas L

53、ife Story.CThe Joy of Finding Something Lost.DThe Importance of Putting Things Away.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）As I admire my beautiful teapot, I am reminded of my wedding day back in 1990. My fiance(未婚夫)，Don, and I had enjoyed our last evenin

54、g of 1 life at his parents home in Nelson. My future brother-in-law, Kerry, his wife, Tabatha, and their baby daughter, Amanda, were 2 to arrive late that night. But I needed a good nights 3 before our big day, so I left Don at his parents place for the night.The next morning, when I met up with my

55、parents, I 4 something wrong. At first, they didnt want to tell me, but eventually they 5 : Kerry, Tabatha and the baby had been in a bad 6 . A drunken driver had 7 their car, throwing it into another one. The people in it acted quickly to free Kerry, Tabatha and the baby 8 the vehicle. My fiancs pa

56、rents. Grace and John, raced to the hospital 9 they met the “roadside 10 “ who had helped their family. While telling them the 11 of the accident, they mentioned that they too were coming into town for a(n) 12 .Grace knew that there were three weddings scheduled for the following day and asked which

57、 one they were here to attend. To her 13 , these “angels” who had helped her family were my aunt Denise and her daughter, Anne!Kerry suffered two broken legs, Tabatha a broken hip and the baby a broken leg, but 14 all three were to recover. Before heading into the operation room, Kerry make sure 15

58、we were told to go ahead with our wedding as 16 . Just before the ceremony, we received the good news that his operation had been 17 . We were greatly comforted by the news.At the gift-opening, Grace 18 us a present box from Kerry and Tabatha. As we 19 the damaged box, we shook our heads in amazemen

59、t. Inside it was a beautiful, perfect 20 .1、Asingle Bgentle Charmful Dwealthy2、Adelivered Bintended Cgathered Dexpected3、Adiet Bsigh Csleep Dadventure4、Asought Bsensed Cargued Dinspired5、Amoved off Bgave in Ccrowded in Dreferred to6、Aproject Bcampaign Caccident Dconnection7、Awandered Blimited Crode

60、Dhit8、Afrom Bout Coff Dof9、Athat Bwhich Cwhere Dwhen10、Aangels Baudience Cdrivers Ddoctors11、Aresults Bdetails Ccuriosity Dfeast12、Apresent Bhospital Cwedding Doperation13、Aembarrassment Bemergency Cdisappointment Damazement14、Aoccasionally Bterribly Cinterestingly Dthankfully15、Athat Bwhich Cwhen D