2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南交通大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号76

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南交通大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

DrMeekwrote:“Asistruewithmostanimals,thewolfisanopportunistwhilstthedeerisoneoftheshyest（）animalsinexistence.”

问题1选项

A.savage

B.tame

C.wild

D.strange

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。选项A：savage“野蛮的，残酷的，狂怒的；荒凉的”;选项B:tame“驯服的，顺从的”；选项C:wild“野生的，野蛮的”；选项D：strange意为“奇怪的，陌生的”。根据题干意思，选项C更切合题意，正确。句意：Meek博士写道:“就像大多数动物一样，狼是机会主义者，而鹿是世界上最害羞的野生动物之一。”

2.单选题

"Toomanychildstarsgrowuptobeunhappyadults.Hehastobecautiousandnot（）himselffromreallife.”

问题1选项

A.conceal

B.camouflage

C.insulate

D.obscure

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项conceal“隐藏；隐瞒”；B选项camouflage“伪装，掩饰”；C选项insulate“隔离，使孤立”；D选项obscure“使…模糊不清，掩盖；隐藏”。句意：太多的童星长大后都并不快乐。他必须小心谨慎但不能将自己隔离现实生活。这里选C项“insulate”比较合适，insulateoneselffromreallife表示“将自己隔离现实生活”。

3.单选题

Althoughhethoughthewashelpingustopreparethedinner,hewasactually（）theway.

问题1选项

A.in

B.off

C.by

D.on

【答案】A

【解析】句意:虽然他以为他是在帮我们准备晚餐，但实际上他是在帮倒忙。

考查短语辨析。Intheway妨碍，挡道；offtheway远离正道;bytheway顺便说一下；ontheway在…途中。根据前半句句意“虽然他以为他是在帮我们准备晚餐”可知A符合句意，这里可以理解为“帮倒忙”。

4.单选题

Theapparentpurposeofallowingthegovernmenttoinvestthetrustfundistotakeadvantageofthehigherreturnsfromprivatecapitalmarkets.Thereisstrongevidence,though,thatthegovernment’sinvestmentpolicysubstantiallycouldundercutthereturnsitotherwisemightexpecttoreceive.HighcapitalmarketreturnsintheUSarederivedfromthehighproductivityofcapitalandtheefficiencyofthemarket.InvestmentoftheSocialsecuritytrustfundinprivatecapitalmarketswillhurtbothofthesesourcesofAmericaneconomicperformance;capitalwillbelessproductiveandmarketswillbelessefficient.

A1994studybytheWorldBankofgovernment-managedpensionfundinvestmentsaroundtheworldfoundthattheygenerallyearnedlowerannualreturnsthanprivatelymanagedpensioninvestments.Itshowedthatgovernmentsgenerallypursuedoneoftwopoliciesfortheirinvestments,bothfundamentallyflawed.

Onewastoinvestheavilyingovernmentsecurities,whichcansuchlowerreturnsthan,forexample,stocks.Therearetworeasonsforthispolicy.First,thereisacautionarysearchforsafeinvestmentsbecausegovernmentsfearthepoliticalreactionifamoreaggressiveinvestmentpolicyweretoleadtoadverseresults.Second,buyingupgovernmentdebtallowthegovernmenttodefertheconsequencesofitsownoverspending.Indeed,thereisevidencethatthepowertoshiftgovernmentdebtintopensionfundsactuallymayinducethemtospendandborrowmore.Borrowingfromthepensionfundislesstransparentthandoingsofromtheopencapitalmarket.Inmanycases,suchborrowingisnotevenreportedaspublicdebt,andtheinterestratemaybelower.

ThisalreadyisoccurringwiththeSocialSecuritytrustfund.ThecurrentsurplusisusedtopurchaseFederalTreasuryobligationsthatarecreditedtotheSocialSecuritytrustfund.Thegovernmentthenutilizesthemoneyithasborrowedfromthetrustfundtomeetcurrentoperatingexpenses.

Theotherinvestmentpolicypursuedbygovernment-controlledpensionfundsistoinvestingovernment-supportedprojects,suchasstate-ownedenterprisesorpublichousing.Again,theresultoftenisextremelylowratesofreturn.Infact,suchinvestmentsfrequentlylosemoney.Moreover,governmentinvestmentleadstogreatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomythatcould,inturn,leadtopoliciesthatsloweconomicgrowthandreducethereturnoncapitalforallinvestors,includingthegovernmentitself.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,governmentinvestmentoftheSocialSecuritytrustfund（）.

2.A1994studybytheWorldBankofgovernment-managedpensionfundinvestments（）.

3.Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthat（）.

4.Whattonedidtheauthoradoptinthispassage?

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

问题1选项

A.willresultinhigherreturnsfromprivatecapitalmarkets

B.canhaveanegativeeffectontheefficiencyofthemarkets

C.willgiveanimpetustoeconomicdevelopment

D.canpromoteproductivityofcapital

问题2选项

A.mettheexpectationofthehigherannualreturns

B.excludedthepossibilityofamoreaggressiveinvestment

C.failedtomeetwiththegovernment’santicipation

D.failedtoreflectthetruestateofeconomy

问题3选项

A.investmentsingovernment-supportedprojectsoftenearnhighannualreturns

B.greatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomycouldimpedeeconomicgrowth

C.businessinvestmentsinpublichousingfrequentlylosemoney

D.theinvestmentpolicypursuedbygovernment-controlledpensionfundsisfundamentallyprofitable

问题4选项

A.Satire

B.Exposure

C.Attack

D.Criticism

问题5选项

A.Governmentpoliciesfuelthegovernmentinvestmentintheeconomyandkeepitontherighttrack

B.Governmentinvolvementintheeconomywillultimatelysloweconomicgrowth.

C.Governmentinvestmentingovernment-supportedprojectsisafallacy

D.Governmentmightearnhigherreturnsifitinvestsinstocks

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。第一段指出:HighcapitalmarketreturnsintheUSarederivedfromthehighproductivityofcapitalandtheefficiencyofthemarket.InvestmentoftheSocialsecuritytrustfundinprivatecapitalmarketswillhurtbothofthesesourcesofAmericaneconomicperformance;capitalwillbelessproductiveandmarketswillbelessefficient(美国资本市场的高回报源于资本的高生产率和市场的效率。社会保障信托基金对私人资本市场的投资将损害美国经济表现的这两个来源；资本的生产效率将降低，市场的效率也将降低)。因此，B项“对市场效率可能产生负面影响”正确。

第2题:细节事实题。根据题干定位至第二段:A1994studybytheWorldBankofgovernment-managedpensionfundinvestmentsaroundtheworldfoundthattheygenerallyearnedlowerannualreturnsthanprivatelymanagedpensioninvestments(1994年，世界银行在全球范围内进行的一项研究发现，与私人管理的养老基金投资相比，它们的年回报率普遍较低)。因此C项“没有达到政府的预期目标”正确。

第3题:判断推理题。最后一段最后一句指出:Moreover,governmentinvestmentleadstogreatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomythatcould,inturn,leadtopoliciesthatsloweconomicgrowthandreducethereturnoncapitalforallinvestors,includingthegovernmentitself(此外，政府投资导致政府更多地干预经济，进而可能导致政策放缓经济增长，降低包括政府本身在内的所有投资者的资本回报率)。由此可知B项“政府对经济的更多参与可能会阻碍经济增长”正确。

第4题:观点态度题。文章开头指出允许政府进行信贷投资的目的是利用私人资本市场的高额投资回报。然而有力的证据表明：政府的投资政策实质上可能减少它原本预期获得的投资回报。并且在结尾部分进一步指出了政府投资导致政府更多地干预经济，进而可能导致政策放缓经济增长，降低包括政府本身在内的所有投资者的资本回报率。可以看出文章作者的语气是在批评政府所采取的社会保障基金投资政策。故选D项。

第5题:细节事实题。A:政府政策推动了政府投资，并让经济走上正轨。B:政府在经济方面的投资最终减慢经济增长。C:政府支持项目的投资是错误的。D:如果政府投资股市，或许收益更大。第一段第二句指出:Thereisstrongevidence,though,thatthegovernment’sinvestmentpolicysubstantiallycouldundercutthereturnsitotherwisemightexpecttoreceive(然而有力的证据表明：政府的投资政策实质上可能减少它原本预期获得的投资回报)。由此可知A项错误。最后一句指出:governmentinvestmentleadstogreatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomythatcould,inturn,leadtopoliciesthatsloweconomicgrowth…(政府投资导致政府更多地干预经济，这有可能反过来导致相应政策的制定，这种政策进而会减慢经济增长)。因此B项正确。第三段第一句指出:Onewastoinvestheavilyingovernmentsecurities,whichcansuchlowerreturnsthan,forexample,stocks(其中之一是对政府债券大力投资，其回报远低于对股市之类的投资)。因此D项正确。最后一段指出:Again,theresultoftenisextremelylowratesofreturn(这种投资的结果还是回报率很低)，以及:Infact,suchinvestmentsfrequentlylosemoney(事实上，这种投资经常赔钱)。因此C项符合原文所述。故此题选A。

5.单选题

Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,（）thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.

问题1选项

A.onoccasion

B.onpurpose

C.oncondition

D.onlyif

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他要我借给他一些钱，我答应了，但条件是他下星期还钱。

考查短语辨析。onoccasion偶尔，有时；onpurpose故意；oncondition在……条件下，如果；onlyif只要，只有。空格所在句说的是借钱的条件，因此C项正确。

6.单选题

Howmanyreallysufferasaresultoflabormarketproblems?Thisisoneofthemostcriticalyetcontentioussocialpolicyquestions.Inmanyways,oursocialstatisticsexaggeratethedegreeofhardship.Unemploymentdoesnothavethesamedireconsequencestodayasitdidinthe1930’swhenmostoftheunemployedwereprimarybreadwinners,whenincomeandearningswereusuallymuchclosertothemarginofsubsistence,andwhentherewerenocountervailingsocialprogramsforthosefailinginthelabormarket.Increasingaffluence,theriseoffamilieswithmorethanonewageearner,thegrowingpredominanceofsecondaryearnersamongtheunemployed,andimprovedsocialwelfareprotectionhaveunquestionablymitigatedtheconsequencesofjoblessness.Earningsandincomedataalsooverstatethedimensionsofhardship.Amongthemillionswithhourlyearningsatorbelowtheminimumwagelevel,theoverwhelmingmajorityarefrommultiple-earner,relativelyaffluentfamilies.Mostofthosecountedbythepovertystatisticsareelderlyorhandicappedorhavefamilyresponsibilitieswhichkeepthemoutofthelaborforce,sothepovertystatisticsarebynomeansanaccurateindicatoroflabormarketpathologies.

Yettherearealsomanywaysoursocialstatisticsunderestimatethedegreeoflabor-market-relatedhardship.Theunemploymentcountsexcludethemillionsoffullyemployedworkerswhosewagesaresolowthattheirfamiliesremaininpoverty.Lowwagesandrepeatedorprolongedunemploymentfrequentlyinteracttounderminethecapacityforself-support.Sincethenumberexperiencingjoblessnessatsometimeduringtheyearisseveraltimesthenumberunemployedinanymonth,thosewhosufferasaresultofforcedidlenesscanequalorexceedaverageannualunemployment,eventhoughonlyaminorityofthejoblessinanymonthreallysuffer.Foreverypersoncountedinthemonthlyunemploymenttallies,thereisanotherworkingpart-timebecauseoftheinabilitytofindfull-timework,orelseoutsidethelaborforcebutwantingajob.Finally,incometransfersinourcountyhavealwaysfocusedontheelderly,disabled,anddependent,neglectingtheneedsoftheworkingpoor,sothatthedramaticexpansionofcashandin-kindtransfersdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthosefailinginthelabormarketareadequatelyprotected.

Asaresultofsuchcontradictoryevidence,itisuncertainwhetherthosesufferingseriouslyasaresultoflabormarketproblemsnumberinthehundredsofthousandsorthetensofmillions,andhence,whetherhighlevelsofjoblessnesscanbetoleratedormustbecounteredbyjobcreationandeconomicstimulus.Thereisonlyoneareaofagreementinthisdebate—thattheexistingpoverty,employment,andearningsstatisticsareinadequateforoneoftheirprimaryapplications,measuringtheconsequencesoflabormarketproblems.

1.Whichofthefollowingistheprincipaltopicofthepassage?

2.Theauthoruses“labormarketproblems”inlines1-2torefertowhichofthefollowing?

3.Theauthorcontraststhe1930’swiththepresentinordertoshowthat（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingproposalsbestrespondstotheissuesraisedbytheauthor?

5.Theauthorstatesthatthemitigatingeffectofsocialprogramsinvolvingincometransfersontheincomeleveloflow-incomepeopleisoftennotfeltby（）.

问题1选项

A.Whatcauseslabormarketpathologiesthatresultinsuffering?

B.Whyincomemeasuresareimpreciseinmeasuringdegreesofpoverty?

C.Whichofthecurrentlyusedstatisticalproceduresarethebestforestimatingtheincidenceofhardshipthatisduetounemployment?

D.Howsocialstatisticsgiveanunclearpictureofthedegreeofhardshipcausedbylowwagesandinsufficientemploymentopportunities?

问题2选项

A.Theoverallcausesofpoverty.

B.Deficienciesinthetrainingoftheworkforce.

C.Traderelationshipsamongproducersofgoods.

D.Shortagesofjobsprovidingadequateincome.

问题3选项

A.morepeoplewereunemployedinthe1930’s

B.unemploymentnowhaslesssevereeffects

C.socialprogramsaremoreneedednow

D.therenowisagreaterproportionofelderlyandhandicappedpeopleamongthoseinpoverty

问题4选项

A.Innovativeprogramsusingmultipleapproachesshouldbesetuptoreducethelevelofunemployment.

B.Acompromiseshouldbefoundbetweenthepositionsofthosewhoviewjoblessnessasanevilgreaterthaneconomiccontrolandthosewhoholdtheoppositeview.

C.Newstatisticalindicesshouldbedevelopedtomeasurethedegreetowhichunemploymentandinadequatelypaidemploymentcausesuffering.

D.Considerationshouldbegiventothewaysinwhichstatisticscanactaspartialcausesofthephenomenathattheypurporttomeasure.

问题5选项

A.theemployedpoor

B.dependentchildreninsingle-earnerfamilies

C.workerswhobecomedisabled

D.retiredworkers

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。第一段作者提出在很多方面，我们的社会统计夸大了失业的困苦程度。而在第二段又指出然而我们的社会统计也在很多方面低估了劳动力市场相关的困苦。文章主要是针对这俩方面进行分析。因此D项“社会统计如何就由低工资和不充足的雇佣机会导致的困苦程度给出一个不清楚的描写”比较能概括文章大意。

第2题:判断推理题。文章开头提出:Howmanyreallysufferasaresultoflabormarketproblems?(有多少人真的因为劳务市场问题而受苦？)。第二段又指出:Yettherearealsomanywaysoursocialstatisticsunderestimatethedegreeoflabor-market-relatedhardship(然而我们的社会统计也在很多方面低估了劳动力市场相关的困苦)。后面又提及unemployment(失业)和Lowwagesandrepeatedorprolongedunemployment(低工资和反复的或持续很久的失业)。由此可推测，“labormarketproblems”指“缺乏提供充足收入的工作”。

第3题:判断推理题。根据题干可定位至第一段:Unemploymentdoesnothavethesamedireconsequencestodayasitdidinthe1930'swhenmostoftheunemployedwereprimarybreadwinners...(如今的失业没有20世纪30年代的失业那样悲惨的结果，那时大多数的失业者是主要的养家糊口者)。

第4题:判断推理题。题干意为:下列哪一项建议最适合作者提出的问题?最后一段指出:Thereisonlyoneareaofagreementinthisdebate—thattheexistingpoverty,employment,andearningsstatisticsareinadequateforoneoftheirprimaryapplications,measuringtheconsequencesoflabormarketproblems(在这场辩论中，只有一个领域是一致的，那就是现有的贫困、就业和收入统计数据不足以作为衡量劳动力市场问题后果的主要运用之一，（即衡量劳动力市场问题的后果）是不充分的)。由此推测C项“新的统计指标应该被开发来衡量失业和工资支付不足的就业导致的受苦程度”正确。

第5题:判断推理题。题干意为:作者指出，涉及收入转移的社会项目对低收入人群收入水平的缓解作用，往往没有对…受益。Finally,incometransfersinourcountyhavealwaysfocusedontheelderly,disabled,anddependent,neglectingtheneedsoftheworkingpoor(最后，收入转移在我们的国家一直关注老人、残疾人和依靠他人者，从而忽视了上班的穷人的需求…)。由此可推测，A项“被雇佣的穷人”正确。

7.单选题

Thetravelagencyhasafullprogramof（）,iftouristswishtovisitlocalplacesofinterest.

问题1选项

A.expeditions

B.excursions

C.explorations

D.propositions

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如果游客想游览当地的名胜古迹，旅行社有一套完整的短途旅行计划。

考查名词辨析。expedition远征，探险;excursion远足，短程旅行;exploration探测；proposition命题，提议。根据“当地的名胜古迹”可知四个选项中，B项正确。

8.单选题

Thisresearchhasattractedwide（）coverageandhasfeaturedonBBCtelevision'sTomorrow'sWorld.

问题1选项

A.message

B.information

C.media

D.data

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。mediacoverage表示“媒体报道”。句意：这个研究已吸引了广泛的媒体报道且成为英国广播公司的“未来世界”的特别节目。

9.翻译题

1.中国是世界上的发明大国，但是很多发明无法走出实验室，归根结底是资金问题。

2.当然我们还应该充分意识到，大熊猫生存的主要威胁不是来自于大熊猫的繁殖能力，而是来自于人类对大熊猫自然生态环境的破坏。

3.他饮他的花酒，我喝我的清茶。人生需要一种境界：自我安定。

4.自幼来自农村且深受“谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦”陶冶的我，是断然不肯将能吃的剩菜倒掉的。

5.太多的医学和研究生教育把学生禁闭在黑暗的房间里，使他们成为被强迫灌输信息的笨人。

【答案】1.China,oneoftheworld'sleadinginnovators,findsitselfintheawkwardsituationofbeingunabletogetmanyofitsinventionsoutofthelabs,whichcomesdowntotheproblemoffunding.

2.Ofcourse,weshouldalsobefullyawarethatthemainthreattothesurvivalofthepandaspeciescomesnotfromthepoorpropagationofthespecies,butfrommankind’sdestructionofpandas'naturalhabitat.

3.Life,itseemstome,needsaplacidityofmind.Whileothersmaybewininganddining,I'mcontentwithplaintea.

4.Borninthecountrysideandalwaystaughttobelieveprofoundlyintheneedto“treasureeachandeverygrainofriceinthebowl”，Iflatlyrefusetothrowawaytheleftovers.

5.Toomanymedicalstudentsandpostgraduatesreceiveeducationinaclosedroom,andfinallybecomeapassiveknowledge-receivingidiot.

10.单选题

Lovecan’tconquerall.So,beforecouplestietheknot,theyshouldknowwhatthey’regettinginto.Thetabooagainstcoupleslivingtogetherbeforemarriageisdecreasing,andmoreandmorepeoplearesaying“Ido”afterthey’vespentmonths,orevenyears,livingtogether.

Asmuchasapersonlovesanother,heorsheneverreallyknowswhathappensbehindcloseddoorsunlessheorsheisstandingontheotherside.Whilesomepeopleviewlivingtogetherbeforemarriageasimmoral,couplesareactuallyexpandingtheboundariesoftheirrelationshipbymovingintogether.Forexample,thedivisionofhouseholdresponsibilitiescanbeamajorissuefornewlyweds.Bylivingtogether,couplescansolveimbalancesinthedistributionofthoseresponsibilitiesbeforesomeonerealizesheorshehasmarriedalazybum.

Thismayseemlikeasmallpoint,buthowmanywomen—andmenareouttherewhoneverthoughttheywouldbetheonlyonescooking,washingdishes,vacuuming,hopping,scrubbing,disinfecting,cleaninglaundry,dusting,etc.?

Oneofthelargestproblemsinmarriagesisthe“in”word:money.Ifcoupleslivetogetherbeforemarriage,theylearnoneanother’ssavingandspendingstyles.Bybaringexpenses,peoplelearnnotonlyhoweachpersoncontrolsthepursestringsbuthowtodiscussfinancematterswitheachother.It’simportantforcouplestofigureoutbudgetprioritiesbeforetheyaremarried,andthisisdifficulttodounlessapersonhasbeensharingexpenseswithhisorherpartner.Ifcouplesdon’thavetheirfinancialissuesinorder,theyareboundtosurface,causingtroubleinthemarriage.

It’salsodifficulttoknowsomeoneintimatelywithoutlivingwithhimorher.Aspecialbondformsbetweenpeoplewhosharetheirlivingspace,theirpersonallongings,andtheirlivestogether.Somethingsyoujustdon’tknowuntilyou’velivedwithsomeone.

Whilesomepeoplebelievelivingtogetherbeforemarriageisinappropriate,likemosteverythingelseinthiscountry,itisachoicethateveryoneshouldrespect.Livingtogethercanbeapositiveexperiencethatwilllaterreinforceamarriage,butitcanalsobesomethingthatendsarelationship.Butifarelationshipisgoingtoendit’sbetterforpeopletodiscoverthehardtruthbeforetheymarry.Eventhoughtwopeopleloveeachotherandenjoyspendingtimetogether,therealquestionis,canyoulivetogether?Peoplemightwanttofindoutbeforetheymaketheseriousdecisiontomarry.

1.“Tietheknot”inthefirstlineofthefirstparagraphmeans（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,throughlivingtogether（）.

3.Tosomepeoplelivingtogetherbeforemarringisunacceptablebecause（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.Animportantpointtheauthormadeinthispassageis（）.

问题1选项

A.gettingacquaintedwitheachother

B.datingeachother

C.livingtogetherbeforemarriage

D.gettingmarried

问题2选项

A.acouplecanreinforcetheirlove

B.acouplecanlearnwhoisbetteratdoingthehousework

C.acouplecansavesomemoneyfortheirmarriage

D.acouplecanknoweachotherintimately

问题3选项

A.itisimmoralandinappropriate

B.itmayendarelationshipmorequickly

C.itisashametothecouple’sparents

D.itwillcausemanysocialproblems

问题4选项

A.Livingtogetherbeforemarriageisnowmoreacceptablethanbefore.

B.Littlehouseholdchorescancausetroubleinone’smarriage.

C.Loveistheguaranteeofahappymarriage.

D.Newly-wedsoftenhasmanylifeimbalancestoface.

问题5选项

A.livingtogetherbeforemarriageissignificant;everycoupleshouldtryit

B.livingtogetherbeforemarriageisachoicethatshouldberespected

C.livingtogetheristhebestwaytobridgethegapsbetweenacouple

D.livingtogetherisasymbolofthemodernformofcivilization

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:语义题。根据题干定位至第一段:Thetabooagainstcoupleslivingtogetherbeforemarriageisdecreasing,andmoreandmorepeoplearesaying“Ido”afterthey’vespentmonths,orevenyears,livingtogether(人们对婚前同居的禁忌正在减少，越来越多的人在同居几个月甚至几年后说“我愿意”)，由此可知tietheknot指“结婚”，因此D项正确。

第2题:判断推理题。A:夫妻能牢固他们的爱情。第六段指出:Livingtogethercanbeapositiveexperiencethatwilllaterreinforceamarriage,butitcanalsobesomethingthatendsarelationship(同居可以是一种积极的经历，日后会巩固婚姻，但也可以是结束一段关系的事情)。因此A项不正确。B:夫妻可以了解谁更擅长做家务。第二段指出:Bylivingtogether,couplescansolveimbalancesinthedistributionofthoseresponsibilities...(通过同居，夫妻可以解决这些责任分配的不平衡…)，此说法并不能推断出B项，因此B项错误。C:夫妻能为他们的婚姻存一些钱。第四段指出:Ifcoupleslivetogetherbeforemarriage,theyleanoneanother’ssavingandspendingstyles.Bybaringexpenses,peoplelearnnotonlyhoweachpersoncontrolsthepursestringsbuthowtodiscussfinancematterswitheachother(如果夫妻在婚前同居，他们会互相依赖对方的储蓄和消费方式。通过削减开支，人们不仅学会了如何控制每个人的钱袋，而且学会了如何相互讨论财务问题)。由此可知C项不正确。D:一对夫妻可以亲密地了解彼此。根据题干关键词livingtogether定位到第五段:it’salsodifficulttoknowsomeoneintimatelywithoutlivingwithhimorher(不和他或她住在一起，就很难亲密地了解对方)，因此D项正确。

第3题:细节事实题。根据题干关键词unacceptable定位至第二段以及第六段。第二段指出:Whilesomepeopleviewlivingtogetherbeforemarriageasimmoral,couplesareactuallyexpandingtheboundariesoftheirrelationshipbymovingintogether(虽然有些人认为婚前同居是不道德的，但事实上，夫妻们正在通过同居来扩展关系)。第六段指出:Whilesomepeoplebelievelivingtogetherbeforemarriageisinappropriate,itisachoicethateveryoneshouldrespect(虽然有些人认为婚前同居不合适，但这是每个人都应该尊重的选择)。由此可知A项“不道德也不合适”正确。

第4题:判断推理题。A:与过去相比，现在人们更能接受婚前同居了。第一段第二句指出:Thetabooagainstcoupleslivingtogetherbeforemarriageisdecreasing,andmoreandmorepeoplearesaying“Ido”afterthey’vespentmonths,orevenyears,livingtogether(对婚前同居的禁忌正在减少，越来越多的人在同居几个月甚至几年后说“我愿意”)。因此A项正确。B:家务琐事会给婚姻带来麻烦。第二段第三句指出:Forexample,thedivisionofhouseholdresponsibilitiescanbeamajorissuefornewlyweds(例如，家务责任的划分可能是新婚夫妇的一个大事)。因此B项正确。C:爱是美满婚姻的保证。第六段第四句指出:Eventhoughtwopeopleloveeachotherandenjoyspendingtimetogether,therealquestionis,canyoulivetogether?(即使两个人彼此相爱，喜欢共度时光，但真正的问题是，你们能一起生活吗？)。因此C项与原文不符且过于绝对。D:新婚夫妇经常面临许多生活不平衡的问题。第三段指出:Thismayseemlikeasmallpoint,buthowmanywomen—andmenareouttherewhoneverthoughttheywouldbetheonlyonescooking,washingdishes,vacuuming,hopping,scrubbing,disinfecting,cleaninglaundry,dusting,etc(这似乎是一个小问题，但是有多少女人和男人从来没有想过他们会是唯一做饭、洗碗、吸尘、忙碌、擦洗、消毒、洗衣服、除尘等的人)。因此D项正确。

第5题:观点态度题。体现作者观点态度的句子可参考第六段:Whilesomepeoplebelievelivingtogetherbeforemarriageisinappropriate,itisachoicethateveryoneshouldrespect(虽然有些人认为婚前同居是不合适的，但这是每个人都应该尊重的选择)，因此B项“婚前同居是一个应该被尊重的选择”正确。

11.单选题

Inthe（）oftheprojectnotbeingasuccess,theinvestorsstandtoloseupto$30million.

问题1选项

A.face

B.time

C.course

D.event

【答案】D

【解析】句意:如果项目不成功，投资者损失将高达3000万美元。

考查短语辨析。inthefaceof面对;inthetimeof在时期；inthecourseof在……期间；在……过程中；intheeventof万一；如果。根据后面句意“投资者损失将高达3000万美元”可知D项正确。

12.单选题

Flightsimulator(飞行模拟器)referstoanyelectronicormechanicalsystemfortrainingairplaneandspacecraftpilotandcrewmemberbysimulatingflightconditions.Thepurposeofsimulationisnottocompletelysubstitute（1）actualflighttrainingbuttothoroughlyfamiliarizestudentswiththevehicle（2）beforethey（3）extensiveandpossiblydangerousactualflighttraining.Simulationsalsoareusefulforreviewandforfamiliarizingpilotswithnew（4）toexistingcraft.

TwoearlyflightsimulatorsappearedinEnglandwithinadecadeafterthefirstflightofOrvilleandWilburWright.Theyweredesignedtoenablepilotstosimulatesimpleaircraft（5）inthreedimensions:noseupordown;leftwinghighandrightlow,orviceversa;and（6）toleftorright.Ittookuntil1929,however,foratrulyeffectivesimulator,theLinkTrainer,toappear,devisedbyEdwinA.Link,aself-educatedaviatorandinventorfromBinghamton,NewYork.（7）,airplaneinstrumentationhadbeendevelopedsufficientlytopermit“blind”flyingoninstrumentsalone,buttrainingpilotstodosoinvolved（8）risk.Linkbuiltamodelofanairplanecockpitequipped（9）instrumentpanelandcontrolsthatcouldrealisticallystimulateallthemovementsofanairplane.Pilotscouldusethedeviceforinstrumenttraining,manipulatingthecontrols（10）instrumentreadingssoastomaintainstraightandlevelflightor（11）climbordescentwithnovisualreference（12）—anyhorizonexceptfortheartificialoneontheinstrumentpanel.Thetrainerwasmodified（13）aircrafttechnologyadvanced.CommercialairlinesbegantousetheLinkTrainerforpilottrainingandtheUSgovernmentbeganpurchasingthemin1934,（14）thousandsmoreasWorldWarIIapproached.

Technologicaladvancesduringthewar,particularlyinelectronics,helpedtomaketheflightsimulatorincreasingly（15）.Theuseofefficientanalogcomputersintheearly1950sledtofurtherimprovements.Airplanecockpits,controls,andinstrumentdisplayshadbythenbecomesoindividualizedthatitwasnolongerfeasibletouseageneralizedtrainertopreparepilotstoflyanything（16）thesimplestlightplanes.Bythe1950s,theUSAirForcewasusingsimulatorsthatprecisely（17）thecockpitsofitsplanes.Duringtheearly1960s（18）digitalandhybridcomputerswereadopted,andtheirspeedandflexibilityrevolutionizedsimulationsystems.

Furtheradvancesincomputerand（19）technology,notablythedevelopmentofvirtual-realitysimulation,havemadeitpossibleto（20）highlycomplexreal-lifeconditions.

问题1选项

A.for

B.to

C.with

D.on

问题2选项

A.concerning

B.concern

C.beingconcerned

D.concerned

问题3选项

A.undertake

B.undergo

C.underplay

D.underuse

问题4选项

A.models

B.modifications

C.modifiers

D.maneuvers

问题5选项

A.manifestations

B.manipulations

C.manifestoes

D.maneuvers

问题6选项

A.yawling

B.yawning

C.yawing

D.yawping

问题7选项

A.Fromthenon

B.Fromnowon

C.Bynow

D.Bythen

问题8选项

A.considerable

B.considerate

C.considering

D.considered

问题9选项

A.for

B.in

C.with

D.on

问题10选项

A.onthepartof

B.onthebasisof

C.onthetrackof

D.onthevergeof

问题11选项

A.control

B.controllable

C.controlled

D.controller

问题12选项

A.to

B.for

C.on

D.in

问题13选项

A.asfor

B.astop

C.as

D.for

问题14选项

A.acquiring

B.requiring

C.sustaining

D.retaining

问题15选项

A.actual

B.realistic

C.realizing

D.true

问题16选项

A.except

B.exceptfor

C.apartfrom

D.but

问题17选项

A.replenished

B.replaced

C.replicated

D.reposed

问题18选项

A.electronic

B.electric

C.electricity

D.electron

问题19选项

A.program

B.programmable

C.programmed

D.programming

问题20选项

A.resurrect

B.reproduce

C.resuscitate

D.resume

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:D

第6题:C

第7题:D

第8题:A

第9题:C

第10题:B

第11题:C

第12题:A

第13题:C

第14题:A

第15题:B

第16题:D

第17题:C

第18题:A

第19题:D

第20题:B

【解析】第1题:考查固定搭配。substituteforsb../sth.代替某人/某物。

第2题:语法题。考查非谓语动词。这里表示“让学生熟悉相关装置”，因此选D项。这里是动词的过去分词形式作后置定语。

第3题:考查动词辨析。undertake承担，同意，保证；undergo经历，经受；underplay对…轻描淡写;underuse未充分利用。此处动词的宾语为“大规模的危险性的实战训练”，因此B项符合句意。

第4题:考查名词辨析。model模型，典型，模范;modification修改，修正，改变;modifier调节器，修饰语;modica口风琴。根据关键词familiarizingwith和空白后面的介词to可知B项正确。

第5题:考查名词辨析。manifestation表现，显示，示威运动；manipulation操作，处理；manifesto宣言，声明;maneuver演习，策略。这里表示“模拟简单的飞行演习”，故选D。

第6题:考查动词辨析。yawl船载小艇，小帆船；yawn张开；打哈欠；yaw偏航；偏荡；yawp大声叫嚷。分析句子可知此处是对三维模拟飞行演习作进一步说明，故选C项。

第7题:考查短语辨析。上文句意为:直到1929年，一架真正有效的飞行模器出现。因此这里表示:…飞机上的仪器设备已经得到了充分发展。因此D“到那时为止”符合句意。

第8题:考查形容词辨析。considerable相当大的，重要的，值得考虑