Unit5语法定语从句课件-高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

定语从句1.定义：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句2.先行词：被修饰的名词、代词或整句话关系代词、关系副词：3.引导定语从句的词关系代词：关系副词：when,where,whywho,whom,whose,which,that,as等定语从句的基本概念关系代词修饰的先行词所作成分who人主语、宾语whom人宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语which物主语、宾语、表语whose人或物定语as人或物主语、宾语、表语关系代词在从句中做宾语时，通常可以省略。as与which区别1.位置二者都可以引导非限制性定语从句，但which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后，as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于主句之前，之中和之后,位置灵活。2.指代

as指代整个的句子，which除了指代整个句子还可以指代句子中的名词和代词。3.固定搭配

as常与know,see,remember,say,show,expect,guess等动词连用，as的固定搭配有：asweallknow众所周知asisexpected正如所预料的asthesayinggoes正如谚语所说asissaidabove正如以上所述asisreported正如报道的那样asisoftenthecase这是常有的事4.句义

as引导的从句主要起连接上下文的作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，意为“正如，正像”，which引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句，意为“这一点，这件事”关系副词when,where,why在定语从句中，先行词---表示时间、地点或原因的名词从句中缺状语要用关系副词when,where,whywhen,where,why可与“介词+which”结构互换Istillremembertheday

when

Icamehere.

ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.

ontheday=onwhich=when

inthehouse=inwhich=whereforthereasons=forwhich=why关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词只能用that不用which的情况(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much

等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame修饰时。(5)先行词既有人又有物时。介词+关系代词的用法“介词十关系代词”结构中的关系代词常用的有which，whom，whose，不可用that和who。Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.其中介词的确定主要遵循以下2个原则:

1.根据与定语从句中动词、形容词与先行词的某种固定搭配来确定

1）Inthedarkstreet.therewasntasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.

2）Physicsisthesubjectinourschoolinwhicheverystudentisinterested.

3）Thisisthecamera________Ispent6yuan.4）Thisisthecamera_________Ipaid6yuan.

2.根据与先行词搭配的具体含义而定

1）IneverforgetthetimeduringwhichIspentmychildhoodinthecountry.2）Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecan＇tliveiscalledoxygen.3）IrememberthedayonwhichIcametomytowerofivory.4）Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?

onwhichforwhichtoin×

×

其它注意要点1.主谓一致从句谓语动词和先行词保持一致oneof+复数名词+关系代词

谓语

动词用复数形式theonlyoneof+复数名词+关系代词谓语

动词用单数形式Therearemorethan200volunteers

whoarehelpingwiththework.TitanicistheonlyoneofthemostwonderfulmoviesthathasbeenproducedinHollywood.Heisoneofstudentswho______goingtoBeijing!Heistheonlyoneofstudentswho_____goingtoBeijing!areis2.Way的用法先行词是way,定语从句缺状语时，关系词用that;inwhich;/三种形式.定语从句中缺主语或宾语时，用which/that,做宾语时还可以省略。判断theway在定语从句中所做成分1.Idon’tliketheway____youspeaktoyourfather.2.Thisistheway____hethoughtoftosolvetheproblem.3.Thisistheway____canbeusedinourcompany.状语宾语主语3.分隔式定语从句正常情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词词之后但有时为了保持句子的平衡或行文需要，在其中间插入一些其他成分

Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.Theday

issuretocomewhen

youwillsucceed.4.混点辨析Hesoldhisbicycle,_______surprisedme._____isknowntoall,Einsteinisafamousscientist.______isknowntoallthat…….______isknowntoallis

that

……As

WhatItwhich定语从句与并列句1.Thereare50studentsinourclass,20of____aregirls.2.Thereare50studentsinourclass,and20of____aregirls.whomthem

定语从句与同位语从句1.Weallhaveheardthenews_____ourteamwon.2.Wedon’tbelieveinthenews_________hetoldusyesterday.that(that/which)易错对比练习1.1)MrLihasthreedaughters，noneof_____isanengineer．2)MrLihasthreedaughters，butnoneof_____isadancer．

2.1)Itwaseleveno’clock_____theywentoutofthecinema.

2)Itwasateleveno’clock

_____

theywentoutofthecinema.3.1)Itwasinthehospital____hecameacrossafriendofhis.2)Itwasthehospital____hecameacrossafriendofhis.4.1).Weshouldgototheplace_____wearemostneeded.2).Weshouldgototheplace_____needsusmost.5.1).Motherdidn'tcomebackonDecember25,_____wasmybirthday.2).Motherdidn'tcomebackhomeonDecember25,_____shewasbusyworking.whomthemwhenthatwherethatwherewhich/thatwhichwhen6.1).Thisistheroom_____helivedinhischildhood.2).Thisistheroom_____helivedinlastyear.7.1)Theteacherdidn’tknowthereason_______shewasabsentyesterday?2)Theteachercouldn’tacceptthereason_______sheexplainedyesterday?8.1)Wemustlearntoactinways______donotharmotherlivingthings.

2)Idon’tliketheway_____hespoketohismother.

3)Thisistheway____hethoughtoftosolvetheproblem.wherewhichwhywhich/thatwhich/thatthat/inwhich/不填which/that11.1)_____weallknow,Chinaisrichinnaturalresources.

2)_____iswell-knownthatChinaisrichinnaturalresources.

3)_____iswell-knowntousallisthatChinaisrichinnaturalresources.12.1)I’msurprisedatall_____hesaidatthemeeting.2)I’msurprisedat_____hesaidatthemeeting.13.1)_____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights._____wholeavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.14.1)Thisisoneofthemostinterestingfilms_____shownlastweek.2)Thisistheveryoneofthemostinterestingfilms_____shownlastweek.

WhoeverWhatAnyonethatwerethatwasAsItthatwhat15.1)Hestilllivesintheroom_____windowf