初中句子成分分析和练习题

初中句子成分解析和练习题初中句子成分解析和练习题初中句子成分解析和练习题丽慧外语句子成分解析组成句子的各个局部叫做句子成分。它包括：主语、谓语、宾4.定语：用于修饰名词或代词，一般由形容词、名词、数词、语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。不定式等充当。如：各成分在句中的作用如何?分别由哪些词及短语充当?

Whatabeautifulkiteitis!(形容词)1.主语：是句子要说明的人或事物，是句子的主体，一般由名词、Sheisachemistryteacher.(名词)代词、数词、不定式或动名词等充当。如：Therearetwostudentsintheclassroom.(数词)Thecarisrunningfast.(名词)Wehavesomethingtodotomorrow.(不定式)Wearestudents.(代词)Themaninblueismybrother.(介词短语)OneofmyclassmatesisfromShanghai.(数词)【注意】定语一般位于被修饰词从前，但假设修饰不定代词或It'sbadmannerstospitinpublic.(不定式)不定式等短语作定语，那么放在后边。Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.(动名词)5.状语：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，一般由副词、假设不定式短语作主语常用it作形式主语，而把真切的主语(不定介词短语、不定式短语或从句充当。单个副词作状语一般放式短语)放在句后。在被修饰词从前，短语或从句放在句首或句末。如：2.谓语：说明主语的动作或状态，也是句子的主体局部，一般由Thankyouverymuch.(副词)动词充当。动词分为实义动词、连系动词、神情动词和助动词。Igetupatfiveinthemorning.(介词短语)实义动词单独作谓语，连系动词与表语一起组成谓语，神情动词Heisstudyinghardsoastocatchupwithothers.(不定式短语)与省略to的不定式组成合成谓语，助动词与动词原形共同组成

Wewerehavingbreakfastwhenthetelephonerang.(从句)谓语局部。如：【注意】enough作状语只能放在被修饰词此后。如：Heworksinafactory.(实义动词)Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.Ifeltcold.(系动词+表语)6.表语：用于说明主语的身份、特色或感觉，一般由名词、数词、形容词、分词等充当。常用的连系动词有：be，look，

HowcanIgettothestation?(神情动词+实义动词)DoyouspeakEnglish?(助动词+实义动词)get，sound(听起来)，feel，become，smell，turn，taste(尝起来)等。如：Theyareworkinginafield.(助动词+实义动词)【注意】谓语与主语在人称与数方面要相互照料。Theyareworkers.(名词)3.宾语：是及物动词所涉及的对象，一般由名词、代词、不定式Twoandthreeisfive.(数词)及动名词等充当。如：Thestoryisveryinteresting.(形容词)Heisdoinghishomework.(名词)Myjob(工作)isteachingEnglish.(动名词)Theydidnothingthismorning.(代词)Sheisathome.(介词短语)Shewantstogohome.(不定式)Ifeelterrible.(形容词)Weenjoyplayingfootball.(动名词)Thedishtastesdelicious.(形容词)【注意】①有的动词可接双宾语，间接宾语指人，直接宾语指物。7.宾语补足语：用于补充说明宾语的动作，一般位于宾语之这类动词常有的有：give，buy，lend，pass，tell，leave等。如：后，宾语与宾语补足语一起组成复合宾语。需接复合宾语的动词有：tell，let，help，teach，ask，see，have，order，Heboughtmeabook.Passmetheball，willyou?(间宾+直宾)make等。“宾补〞一般由不定式短语、分词、名词、形容词直接宾语一般放在间接宾语此后，但假设把直接宾语放在前面，那么等充当。如：要在间接宾语前加合适的介词如to或for等。如：

Weelectedhimmonitor.(名词)HanChenlentsomemoneytoLiHai.(直宾+间宾)IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.(形容词)XiaoLiuboughtadictionaryforTom.(直宾+间宾)Thedoctortoldmetodomoreexercise.(不定式短语)②有的动词常用不定式作宾语，而不能够用动名词。这类动词有：Heisgoingtohavehishaircut.(过去分词)want，wish，hope，promise，decide，agree，choose，care等。Theysawabirdflyinginthesky.(现在分词)如：8同位语：Ihopetoseeyouagain.同位语是在名词或代词此后并列名词或代词对前者加以说③有的动词一般只用动名词作宾语，而不用不定式。这类动词有：明的成分，近乎于后置定语。如：enjoy，finish，mind，practise，miss，suggest，keep(on)等。如：Westudentsshouldstudyhard./(students是we的同位语，都Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?是指同一批‘学生’〕④有的动词后接不定式与动名词含义不同样。Weallarestudents./(all是we的同位语，都指同样的‘我们’〕forgettodo表示“未发生的动作〞，forgetdoing表示“已完成的9分词独立结构：分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语一动作〞。如：致!否那么应有自己的逻辑主语，组成分词独立结构。Don'tforgettocomehereearliertomorrow.(还没来)例：Iforgotreturningthebooktohim.(书已还给他了)Studyinghard,youscorewillgoup.答案：1They(主语〕areworking〔系表结构做谓语〕onthefarm〔地11.WealwaysworkhardatEnglish。点状语〕now〔时间状语〕.——————————————〔动词ing做主语〕is〔谓语〕believing〔宾语〕主语状语谓语状语状语12.Hesaidhedidn'tcome.3.Allofus〔主语〕like〔谓语〕KobeBryant〔宾语〕verymuch———————————————〔程度副词状语〕主句主语主句谓语从句主语从句谓语〔主语〕became〔谓语〕adoctor〔宾语〕in1998〔时13.Theyloveeachother.间状语〕——————————5.Thebook〔主语〕lyingonthefloor〔补语〕are〔谓语〕mine主谓语宾语

〔宾语〕14.Whatdidyoubye?6.Suddenly〔状语〕it〔形式主语〕begantorain〔谓语〕————————7.Tocatchthetrain,〔目的状语〕I〔主语〕gotup〔谓语〕early宾助动词主谓15.Shewatchedherdaughterplayingthepiano.—————————————————————主谓宾宾语补足语16.Yourjobtodayistohelptheold.——————-——————————yesterday〔时间状语〕〔主语〕alwaysfind〔谓语〕her〔宾语〕happy〔状语〕9.He〔主语〕wonders〔谓语〕ifI〔条件句中的主语〕stillstudy〔条件句中的谓语〕English〔条件句中的宾语〕整个条件句做骨干的宾语10.Theletter〔主语〕whichIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterday〔定主定语系动词表语语从句〕was〔谓语〕afriendofmine〔宾语〕17.Speakingdoesn'tmeandoing.————————————主谓宾18.ByethetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadleft.—————————————————————————时间状语从句主句主语主句谓语19.Thechildrenboughttheirparentsacarforthe25thanniversaryoftheirmarriage.———————————————————————————————主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语状语20.Ittakesmeanhourtogetthere.————————————————形式主语谓语宾语真切主语(三)①D②D③B④A⑤B⑥D⑦C⑧D⑨A⑩D(四)①D②B③D④C⑤B(五)①C②C③A④B⑤B⑥D(六)①C②C③C④C⑤D⑥B(七)①D②A③D④D⑤A⑥D⑦C⑧D(八)①us,间接宾语astory,直接宾语②me,间接宾语anewbike,直接宾语③us,间接宾语history,直接宾语④Tom,间接宾语it,直接宾语⑤me,间接宾语message,直接宾语挑出以下句中的表语划分句子成分练习题〔1〕①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.1.Theyareworkingonthefarmnow.

ABCD2.Seeingisbelieving.3.AllofuslikeKobeBryantverymuch4.Shebecameadoctorin1998②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?ABCD③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.5.ThebookslyingontheflooraremineABCD6.Suddenlyitbeginstorain④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.7.Tocatchthetrain,Igotupearlyyesterday8.IalwaysfindherhappyABCD9.HewondersIfIstillstudyEnglish⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.10.TheletterwhichIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterdaywasafriend

ABCDofmine.11.WealwaysworkhardatEnglish.挑出以下句中的定语①TheyuseMr.Mrs.withthefamilyname.12.Hesaidhedidn'tcome.ABCD13.Theyloveeachother.14.Whatdidyoubye?②Whatisyourgivenname?15.Shewatchedherdaughterplayingthepiano.

ABCD16.yourjobtodayistohelptheold.③OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.17.Speakingdoesn'tmeandoing.18.ByethetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadleft.ABCD④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.19.Thechildrenboughttheirparentsacarforthe25thanniversaryABCD

oftheirmarriage.20.Ittakesmeanhourtogetthere.⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.挑出以下句中的宾语ABCD①Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.⑥Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!ABCDABCD②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.挑出以下句中的宾语补足语ABCD①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksin③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.thereading-room.ABCDABCD④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?

②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.ABCDABCD⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogo

③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.swimming,howaboutyou?ABCDABCD④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.ABCDABCD⑤IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.⑦Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.ABCD⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballonthABCDplaygroundjustnow?⑧Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.A