考研考博-英语-建东职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-建东职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Thetheoryofevolutionbynaturalselection（

）importantsinglescientificinnovationinthenineteenthcentury.

问题1选项

A.certainlythemost

B.wascertainlythemost

C.willcertainlybethemost

D.wasthemostcertain

【答案】B

【解析】句意:自然选择进化论当然是十九世纪最重要的独特科学创新。

语法题。考查形容词最高级。分析句子结构可知,Thetheoryofevolutionbynaturalselection为主语,importantsinglescientificinnovation为表语,句子缺少系动词。排除A项。句子指明“十九世纪”,故应用过去式,排除C。副词certainly修饰形容词most的最高级。故选B。

2.填空题

Astheintelligenceofrobotsincreasestomatchhumansandastheircostdeclinesthrougheconomiesofscalewemayusethemtoexpandourfrontiers,firstonearththroughtheirabilitytowithstand

environments,harmfultoourselves.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Ahumans改为thatofhumans

【解析】【考查点】代词指代。

【解题思路】根据语境，A部分指的是机器智能和人工智能相当，theintelligenceofrobots和A部分意思对应，结构也应对应，用that指代theintelligence，因此A部分应为thatofhumans。

【句意】随着机器人的智能达到与人类相当的水平，以及它们的成本通过规模经济降低，我们可以利用它们来拓展我们的疆域，首先是在地球上，借用它们抵御对我们有害的环境的能力。

3.单选题

Hequicklymovedasidebehindthetreestoavoidbeinghurtbythestonesthrowninhisdirection.

问题1选项

A.ducked

B.evaded

C.escaped

D.dodged

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项ducked“躲避”，强调快速闪躲，后面一般接宾语；B选项evaded“逃避；规避；逃脱”；C选项escaped“逃离，逃脱；避开；泄出”；D选项dodged“搪塞”，表示躲避时，目的是免受伤害，可作及物动词，也可以加副词或介词。句意：他迅速躲到树后，以免被朝他这个方向扔来的石头弄伤。结合此处关键词behind（到……后面），得知D选项正确。

4.单选题

Hesawuniversityasacommunityofscholars,wherestudentswere（

）byteachersintoanappreciationofdifferentphilosophicalapproaches.

问题1选项

A.extracted

B.deducted

C.inducted

D.conducted

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。extracted“提取”；deducted“扣除，减去；演绎”；inducted“引导；感应”；conducted“管理，引导；表现”。induct和conduct都有“引导”的意思，但是前者有教授知识的意味，所以选项C符合题意。

5.翻译题

It’snobletoseektruth,anditisbeautifultofindit.Itistheancientfeelingofthehumanheart,thatknowledgeisbetterthanriches;anditisdeeplyandsacredlytrue.Tomarkthecourseofhumanpassionsastheyhaveflowedonintheagesthatarepast;toseewhynationshaverisen,andwhytheyhavefallen;tospeakofheat,andlight,andthewinds;toknowwhatmanhasdiscoveredintheheavensaboveandintheearthbeneath…….Itisworthwhileinthedaysofouryouthtostrivehardforthisgreatdiscipline.Amanwhodedicateshislifetoknowledge,becomeshabituatedtopleasurewhichcarrieswithitnoregret.

【答案】追求真理是高尚的，发现真理是美好的。知识胜于财富，这是人类心灵的一种古老的感觉;这是千真万确的。它记录人类激情的历程，因为它们在过去的年代里一直在流动；它看国家为何兴起，为何衰落。它提起热、光和风；它知道人类在天上地下都发现了什么…….在我们年轻的时候，为这门伟大的学科而努力奋斗是值得的。一个把一生献给知识的人，就会习惯于它带来的乐趣而不后悔。

6.单选题

Forthesuccessoftheproject,thecompanyshould（）themostoftheopportunitiesathand.

问题1选项

A.obtain

B.grasp

C.catch

D.make

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项obtain“获得；流行”；B选项grasp“抓牢，握紧；试图抓住；理解，领悟；毫不犹豫地抓住（机会）”；C选项catch“赶上；抓住；感染；了解”；D选项make“使得；进行；布置，准备，整理；制造；认为；获得；形成；安排；引起”。seize/grasp/grab/taketheopportunity“抓住机会”，句中的themostof修饰theopportunities，可视为shouldgrasp(themostof)theopportunities。句意：为了项目的成功，公司应该抓住大部分到手的机会。因此B选项正确。

7.单选题

Thecaptainperformshisdutieswithgreat_______andallthecrewbelievedthattheycangetoverthestorm.

问题1选项

A.affection

B.suspicion

C.assurance

D.definition

【答案】C

【解析】affection喜爱,影响;suspicion怀疑;assurance确信,断言,withassurance指有把握地,自信地;definition定义。句意：船长信心十足地履行着他的职责，所有的船员都相信他们能够战胜暴风雨。选项C符合句意。

8.单选题

ProfessorKumarBhatt,founderandheadofWarwickManufacturingGroup(WMC),andRob

MeakinapersonneldirectoratMarconi,havedevelopedapartnershiptotrainengineersandmanagerstobecomeeliterate.TheNewKnowledgePartnershipwillincludeateamof40MarconimanagersinwhatProfessorBhattcallselectronicengineeringmanagementorE2.Awiderangeofengineeringandnon-engineeringcompanieshasexpressedinterestintheseexcitingprograms,professorBhattbelievesthate-commerceischangingthebusinessenvironmenttoahugeextent.Manychiefexecutivesdonotunderstandthepowerofthenewtechnologiesandinsomecases,areactuallyresistingchange.Hesaysthat“aslongasenoughindustryleadersrealizeitspotentialbenefits,e-businesswillmakepossibleasecondproductivityrevolutioninBritain.Thiscouldtaketheeconomyclosetoeliminatingthestillsubstantialcompetitivenessgapwithitsmainrivals.OverthelastfiveyearsintheUStherehasbeena30%improvementinmanufacturingsectorproductivitybecauseofinformationtechnology.InBritainwecanachievemorethanthatandsuccessfule-businesswillbeworthbillionstotheUKeconomy.”

AlreadyBritainmakesmoreuseofcomputer-aideddesignandmanufacture(CAD/CAM)andmanagementinformationtechnologysystemthanotherEuropeancountries,andhasagovernmentthatactivelypromotese-business.But,observesProfessorBhatt,Britainhasneverusedtechnologyasagrowthdriver.“Thethingaboutelectronicengineeringmanagementisthatyoucankeepyourlegacysystems;youjustneedtolinkthosesystemswithaninformationengine.Atthetouchofabuttonitwillallowprojectmanagerstoseethestatusofaproject,identifyproblemspreciselyandmakevirtuallyimmediatedecisionsbasedoninformationthatwillbemuchmorecompletethaninthepast.”

TheE2programistheresultofanalliancebytheWarwickManufacturingGroupwithAmerica’sleadinge-commercestudycenter,CarnegieMellon.ThelatterwillberesponsiblefortrainingmanyoftheMarconimanagersinAmerica,wherethegrouphashalfitsbusiness.InBritain.ProfessorBhatthaslinkedupwithSunMicrosystems,OracleandParametricTechnology,tosetupamulti-millionpoundE2designandmanufacturingcenterattheuniversitywhichwillbeusedfortrainingandresearch.

ProfessorBhattbelievesthate-commerceischangingbusinesstosuchanextentthatWMGislikelytoberenamedWarwickElectronicManufacturingGroup.But,hewarns:“Themovetoglobalizebecauseofe-commerceisracingahead.AlthoughthenetallowsBritishindustrytoovertaketheirEuropeanpeers,italsooffersAsiancountriestoleapfrogtheWest.ForthefirsttimeitisnottheprivilegeoftheWesternworldbecausethistechnologyisuniversal.”

1.WhatisthepurposeofE2course?

2.WhydoesBhattsaythat"e-businesswillmakepossibleasecondproductivityrevolutioninBritain"?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoyouknowaboute-businessinBritain?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?

5.Accordingtothatlastpassage,whatisBhatt’sattitudetowardse-commerce?

问题1选项

A.Teachelectronicengineeringmanagement.

B.Trainengineersandmanagerstobeacquaintedwithe-commerce.

C.Trainengineersandmanagerstobeengineersandmanagers.

D.Teachengineersandmanagersaboutdevelopingpartnership.

问题2选项

A.Becausemanybusinessleadershaveshowntheirinterestinthis.

B.Becauseitcanstrengthenthecompanies’competitiveness.

C.Becausemorepeoplewilllearne-commercestyle.

D.Becausenewinformationtechnologiescangreatlyimproveindustrialproductivity.

问题3选项

A.E-businesshaseliminatedmanycompetitiverivals.

B.E-businesshasdonemanybenefitstobigcompanies

C.ManycompanieshavejoinedintheE-businessprogram.

D.E-businesshasgreatpotentialandwillmakechangesinthecountry.

问题4选项

A.BritaincanbecompetitivetoUSintheareaofinformationtechnology.

B.Britainhasalreadytakentheadvantagesofrunningengineeringmanagement.

C.AswithmanyotherEuropeancountries,Britainhasmadeuseofcomputer-aidedsystems.

D.E-businesshasofferedopportunitiestoEuropeancountriestoeliminatethecompetitivenessgapwithalltherivals.

问题5选项

A.HethinksitasapreciseopportunityonlytoBritain.

B.Hethinksthatitisnotasagoodopportunityaspeoplethink.

C.HethinksitisnotonlygoodforBritainbutalsoapreciseopportunityforothercountries.

D.Hedoesnotconsideritagoodopportunityinthelongrun.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的havedevelopedapartnershiptotrainengineersandmanagerstobecomeeliterate（建立了合作伙伴关系，培训工程师和管理人员成为精英）可知D选项“教工程师和经理如何发展伙伴关系”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的e-businesswillmakepossibleasecondproductivityrevolutioninBritain.Thiscouldtaketheeconomyclosetoeliminatingthestillsubstantialcompetitivenessgapwithitsmainrivals.（电子商务将使英国的第二次生产力革命成为可能。这可能会使经济接近消除与主要竞争对手的巨大竞争力差距）可知B选项“因为它可以增强企业的竞争力”符合题意。

3.推理判断题。由文章第二段中的Britainhasneverusedtechnologyasagrowthdriver.（英国从未将科技作为经济增长的动力）可知D选项“电子商务有着巨大的潜力，并将在这个国家发生变化”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的OverthelastfiveyearsintheUStherehasbeena30%improvementinmanufacturingsectorproductivitybecauseofinformationtechnology.InBritainwecanachievemorethanthatandsuccessfule-businesswillbeworthbillionstotheUKeconomy.（在过去五年中，由于信息技术，美国制造业的生产率提高了30%。在英国，我们可以取得更多成就，成功的电子商务将对英国经济带来数十亿美元的收益）可知A选项“在信息技术领域，英国可以比美国更有竞争力”符合题意。

5.观点态度题。由文章最后一段中的Themovetoglobalizebecauseofecommerceisracingahead.AlthoughthenetallowsBritishindustrytoovertaketheirEuropeanpeers,italsooffersAsiancountriestoleapfrogtheWest.ForthefirsttimeitisnottheprivilegeoftheWesternworldbecausethistechnologyisuniversal.（由于电子商务而走向全球化的步伐正在加快。尽管网络允许英国工业超越欧洲同行，但它也为亚洲国家提供了超越西方的机会。这是第一次它不是西方世界的特权，因为这项技术是普遍的）可知C选项“他认为这不仅对英国有利，而且对其他国家来说也是一个确切的机会”正确。

9.单选题

Allthedatasentbackfromthesatellitessuggestedthatanasteroidofaboutthesizeofanauditorium（）onitswaytoourplanet.

问题1选项

A.is

B.was

C.were

D.be

【答案】B

【解析】考查谓语动词使用的一致性。that接在动词后面充当句中的宾语从句。主句使用的是一般过去式，宾语从句中的谓语动词，应与主句的时态保持一致。因此空格处应使用be动词的过去式was/were。从句中的主语是anasteroid“一颗小行星”为单数，所以应使用was。句意：从卫星发来的所有数据表明一颗像礼堂一样大小的行星正在向我们的星球靠近。因此B选项符合题意。

10.单选题

Thepresentuniversalfearhasbeentheresultofaforwardsurgeinourknowledgeand（）ofcertaindangerousfactorsinthephysicalworld.

问题1选项

A.automation

B.perception

C.manipulation

D.administration

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。automation“自动化”；perception“感觉，看法”；manipulation“操作”；administration“管理”。句意：如今的全球恐慌是我们对物理世界中特定危险因素的突破性了解和认知的结果。选项B符合题意。

11.单选题

Thegovernmentisexpectedtomakenewlegislationsto（）foreigninvestmentinrealestate.

问题1选项

A.manipulate

B.regulate

C.dominate

D.prevail

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项manipulate“操纵，操作”，B项regulate“调节，控制”，C项dominate“占优势，支配”，D项prevail表示“盛行，流行”。句意：预计政府将制定新的立法来规范外国在房地产领域的投资。因此B项正确。

12.单选题

Theyfailedthistime,butIwould______aguessthattheywilldofairlywellinthenextelection.

问题1选项

A.pursue

B.hazard

C.illustrate

D.crave

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项pursue“继续，从事，追赶”，B项hazard“大胆猜测，冒……的危险”，C项illustrate“阐明，举例说明，图解”，D项crave“渴望，恳求”。由空格后的guess“猜测”可知，B项符合语境。句意：他们这次失败了，但我敢打赌他们在下次选举中会表现得相当好。因此，该题选择B项正确。

13.单选题

WhenIwasstillanarchitecturestudent,ateachertoldme,"Welearnmorefrombuildingsthatfalldownthanfrombuildingsthatstandup."Whathemeantwasthatconstructionisasmuchtheresultofexperienceasoftheory.Althoughstructuraldesignfollowsestablishedformulas,theactualperformanceofabuildingiscomplicatedbythepassageoftime,thebehaviorofusers,thenaturalelementsandunnaturalevents.Allaredifficulttosimulate.Buildings,unlikecars,can'tbecrash-tested.

ThefirstimportantlessonoftheWorldTradeCentercollapseisthattallbuildingscanwithstandtheimpactofalargejetliner.Thetwintowersweresupportedby59perimetercolumnsoneachside.Althoughabout30ofthesecolumns,extendingfromfourtosixfloors,weredestroyedineachbuildingbytheimpact,initiallybothtowersremainedstanding.Evenso,thedeathtollwasappalling2,235peoplelosttheirlives.

Iwasonceaskedhowtallbuildingsshouldbedesignedgivenwhatwe'dlearnedfromtheworldTradeCentercollapse.Myanswerwas,"Lower,"Thequestionofwhenatallbuildingbecomesunsafeiseasytoanswer.Commonaerialfire-fightingladdersinusetodayare100feethighandcanreachtoaboutthe10thfloor,sofiresinbuildingsupto10storieshighcanbefoughtfromtheexterior.Fightingfiresandevacuatingoccupantsabovethatheightdependonfirestairs.

Thetallerthebuilding,thelongeritwilltakeforfirefighterstoclimbtothesceneofthefire.Sothesimpleanswertothesafetyquestionis"Lowerthan10stories."

Thenwhydon'tcitiesimposelowerheightlimits?A60-storyofficebuildingdoesnothavesixtimesasmuchrentablespaceasa10-storybuilding.However,allthingsbeingequal,suchabuildingwillproducefourtimesmorerevenueandfourtimesmoreinpropertytaxes.Socuttingbuildingheightswouldmeancuttingcitybudgets.

ThemostimportantlessonoftheWorldTradeCentercollapseisnotthatweshouldstopbuildingtallbuildingsbutthatwehavemisjudgedtheircost.Wedidthesamethingwhenweunderestimatedthecostofhurtlingalongahighwayinasteelboxat70milesperhour.Ittookmanyyearsbeforeseatbelts,airbags,radialtires,andantilockbrakesbecamecommonplace.Atfirst,carssimplyweretooslowtowarrantconcern.Later,manufacturersresistedtheseexpensivedevices,arguingthatconsumerswouldnotpayforsafety.Nowwedowillingly.

1.Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat（）.

2.WhatcanwelearnfromtheWTCcollapse?

3.Ideally,thepolicyincityconstructionshouldbe（）.

4.Whyaretherestillhighbuildings,orevenskyscrapersinmanycities?

5.WhatisthemostimportantlessonoftheWTCcollapse?

问题1选项

A.architectureissomethingmoreoutofexperiencethanoutoftheory

B.architecturedependsjustasmuchonexperienceasontheory

C.itissaferforpeopletoliveinoldbuildings

D.welearnnotsomuchfromourfailureasfromoursuccess

问题2选项

A.Despitethetwostrongbuildings,thedeathtollwasstillveryshocking.

B.Thestructureofthetwobuildingswasofthefirstclass.

C.Thestructureofthetwobuildingswasnotsostrongaspeoplehadexpected

D.Thestructureofthetwobuildingswasstrongenoughtowithstandanyaccidents.

问题3选项

A.lowerthantenstories

B.thelower,thebetter

C.thehigher,thebetter

D.higherthantenstories

问题4选项

A.Becausetheyarethesymbolofmoderntimes.

B.Becausemanycitiesnowlackbuildingspace.

C.Becausetheyareanimportantfinancialsourceofacity'sbudget.

D.Becausetheyrepresentthelevelofacountry'sscienceandtechnology.

问题5选项

A.Weshouldwearseatbeltswhiledriving.

B.Weshouldbuildlowbuildingsjustasweshoulddriveslowly.

C.Weshouldmaketallbuildingsillegal.

D.Weshouldpayforsafetywhileconstructingtallbuildings.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。第一段第二句指出:Whathemeantwasthatconstructionisasmuchtheresultofexperienceasoftheory(他的意思是建筑物既是经验的结果，也是理论的结果)。由此可知B项“建筑不仅依赖于理论，也依赖于经验”正确。

第2题:判断推理题。根据题干关键词WTCcollapse定位至第二段:Evenso,thedeathtollwasappalling2,235peoplelosttheirlives(即使（两座建筑物没有倒塌），付出的伤亡代价却是惊人的——2235人失去了生命)。由此推断A项“尽管两座建筑物很牢固，但付出的伤亡代价却是惊人的”正确。

第3题:事实细节题。第三段指出:Sothesimpleanswertothesafetyquestionis“Lowerthan10stories.”(所以安全问题的简单答案是“低于10层楼”)。因此A选项“低于十层”正确。

第4题:事实细节题。第四段指出:Socuttingbuildingheightswouldmeancuttingcitybudgets(因此削减楼层高度等于削减城市预算)。因此在许多城市里还有高楼大厦，甚至摩天大楼是因为“它们是城市预算的重要财政来源”。答案为C。

第5题:判断推理题。最后一段提到从世贸中心倒塌事件得到的一个重要经验:Later,manufacturersresistedtheseexpensivedevices,arguingthatconsumerswouldnotpayforsafety.Nowwedo–willingly(之后，厂商拒绝使用这些昂贵的设施，认为消费者不会为安全买单。但是现在我们的确愿意了)。因此D项“在建造高层建筑时，我们应该为安全问题买单”正确。

14.单选题

Youareaccident________becauseyou’reabitcarelessinwhatyoudo.

问题1选项

A.proof

B.oriented

C.inclined

D.prone

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.proof能抵御的，可防护的B.oriented以……为方向的，重视……的

C.inclined有倾向的，有可能的D.prone有做……倾向的，易于遭受……的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】空格处和上文的“accident（事故）”共同构成形容词作表语，because引导了一个原因状语从句，表示“你做事有点粗心大意（careless）”，所导致的结果应该是容易出事故。prone指容易遭受某事，有做某事的倾向，因此D选项prone“有做……倾向的；易于遭受……的”最符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项proof“能抵御的，可防护的”指能抵抗某物的破坏性或有害影响的，与题干语义相矛盾，应该是“容易出事故”而不是“能抵御事故”；

B选项oriented“以……为方向的，重视……的”指关心、面向某个特定的事物，不符合题干的语义逻辑；

C选项inclined“有倾向的，有可能的”指主观意愿上倾向于做某事，想要做某事，不能和“accident（事故）”进行搭配。

【句意】你很容易出事故，因为你做事有点粗心大意。

15.单选题

Greenmeanshealthyoutsideofhospitals,too.Officeworkerswithnatureviewsaremore（1）abouttheirjobs,lessfrustrated,inbetterhealthandmoresatisfiedwiththeir（2）,accordingtoonestudy.Accordingtoanother,prisoninmateswhosecellslookedoutonfarmfieldsneededfarlesshealthcarethanthosewhosecellsfaceda（3）internalcourtyard.Psychologistshavefoundthatexposure（4）trees,streamsandothernaturalfeaturesimprovesconcentration,creativityandemotionalfunctioning.Inonestudy.FrancesKuo,PhD,apsychologistwho（5）theLandscapeandHumanHealthLaboratoryattheUniversityofIllinois,andhercolleaguesshowedthat20-minutewalksacrossleafycityparkseasesADHD（6）inkids.Afewyearsago,Kuoandherresearchpartnerstestedchildreninahigh-riseChicagopublic-housingprojecttoseeifaviewofnaturefromtheirapartmentshelpedthempsychologically.（7）withgirlswholookedoutonbrickandasphalt,girlswhosawtreesfromtheirwindowsconcentratedbetter,actedless（8）andweremoreabletodelaygratification.That（9）betterself-discipline,Kuosays,whichcouldhelpgirlsbetterhandlethe（10

）thatcometheirwayastheygrowupintheprojects.TheIllinoisresearchersalsoshowedthatareasofthepublic-housingprojectwithtreesandgrasshadlowerlevelsofcrime,（11

）violence,noise,litterandgraffiti(涂鸦).“Whenyouputallthesethingstogether,it’sapictureofahealthierneighborhood,”Kuosay.Greenerneighborhoodsmayevenimprovethe（12

）physicalhealthoftheirresidents.Dutchscientistscrosscheckedtheself-reportedhealthof10,000peoplewiththegreennessoftheirneighborhoods.After（13

）fortheirincome,ageandotherfactorsthataffecthealth,theyfoundthatpeopleingreenerneighborhoodswerehealthier.Inanotherstudy,elderlyTokyoresidentsweresignificantlymorelikelytosurvive（14

）anotherfiveyearsiftheirneighborhood（15

）walkableparksandtree-linedstreets.

问题1选项

A.keen

B.eager

C.zealous

D.enthusiastic

问题2选项

A.lives

B.alive

C.live

D.living

问题3选项

A.blight

B.bleak

C.bleach

D.blemished

问题4选项

A.for

B.to

C.from

D.at

问题5选项

A.directs

B.improves

C.helps

D.satisfies

问题6选项

A.frustration

B.features

C.emotions

D.symptoms

问题7选项

A.Comparing

B.Compare

C.Compared

D.Tocompare

问题8选项

A.inpulsively

B.dispulsively

C.impulsively

D.unpulsively

问题9选项

A.amountupto

B.addsupto

C.isupto

D.livesupto

问题10选项

A.challenges

B.career

C.professions

D.task

问题11选项

A.domestic

B.forensic

C.explicit

D.metropolitan

问题12选项

A.totally

B.partial

C.overall

D.whole

问题13选项

A.account

B.accounting

C.accounted

D.havingaccounting

问题14选项

A.from

B.in

C.up

D.for

问题15选项

A.retained

B.attained

C.detained

D.contained

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:D

第7题:C

第8题:C

第9题:D

第10题:A

第11题:A

第12题:C

第13题:B

第14题:D

第15题:D

【解析】（1）固定搭配。beenthusiasticabout为固定搭配，表示“热衷于,对...充满热情”。keen后面一般接on；eager一般与to搭配；zealous一般与for搭配。所以选项D正确。

（2）名词词义辨析。根据句意可知，这里指对他们的生活感到更满意。只有选项A表示生活；alive“活着的”；live“活的，直播的”；living表示“生计，生活方式，生存之道”。所以选项A正确。

（3）形容词词义辨析。blight“枯萎，荒芜”；bleak“阴冷的,荒凉的”；bleach“漂白”；blemished“有瑕疵的,有污点的”。根据句意可知填空处应为形容词修饰花园。只有选项B符合原文。

（4）固定搭配。Exposure通常与to搭配,表示“暴露于”。原文指的是处于某种环境中，所以选项B正确。

（5）动词词义辨析。根据原文可知，这里指管理实验室的心理学家，选项A符合原文语境。

（6）名词词义辨析。根据句意：在树木繁茂的城市公园散步20分钟可以缓解儿童多动症的症状。选项D符合原文语境。

（7）语法知识。考查comparingwith和comparedwith的区别。当句子的主语是被比较的对象时,用comparedwith；当句子的主语是比较动作的发出者时,用comparingwith。句中的主语为girls，为被比较的对象,所以用compared。选项C正确。

（8）形容词词义辨析。根据原文句意：看到树木的女孩们注意力更加集中,行为不那么冲动。选项中只有impulsively表示“易冲动的”。其他三个选项均拼写错误。所以选项C正确。

（9）动词词组辨析。amountupto“至多”;addupto“总计达”;isupto“从事;忙于”;liveupto“实现,达到”。根据原文可知，本句是对上一句的递进说明，表示还会提高自律性。选项D正确。

（10）名词词义辨析。根据句意：这可以帮助她们更好地处理成长过程中遇到的挑战。选项A符合原文语境。

（11）固定搭配。domesticviolence为固定搭配，表示“家庭暴力”。

（12）形容词词义辨析。根据原文可知，这里指提高居民整体的健康状况。totally完全地；partial局部地；overall全部的，强调全面综合的；whole完整的，强调事物完好无缺。所以选项C更恰当。

（13）语法知识。此处考查动词account的各种形式。空格前面是介词after，所以后面只能接名词，代词或动名词，所以空格处应该是用动名词形式。选项B正确。

（14）介词搭配。survive与for搭配使用,表示“存活……”,后一般跟时间。选项D正确。

（15）语法理解题。retained保留，保存；attained获得，达到；detained扣留；contained包含。根据句意：”如果东京的老年居民所在的社区有可步行的公园和绿树成荫的街道...”可知，选项D更符合语境。

16.单选题

Tocompensateforthesubstantialdeclineintheavailabilityoffossilfuelsinfutureyears,wewillhavetoprovideatleast（）alternativeenergysource.

问题1选项

A.ananticipated

B.anofficial

C.anequivalent

D.aredundant

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析。句意：为了弥补未来几年中矿物燃料供应量的大幅度下降，我们不得不提供一种至少是（）的替代能源。

anticipated预期的，期望的；official官方的，正式的，公务的；equivalent等价的，相等的；redundant多余的，过剩的。C选项“相等的”符合句意。

17.不定项选择题

Broccoli(西兰花)ishighinvitaminsandmineralsExtractsofbroccoliandbananamayhelpinfightingstomachproblem,researchsuggests,Laboratorystudiesshowfibresfromthevegetablesmayboostthebody’snaturaldefensesagainststomachinfections.

TrialsareunderwaytoseeiftheycouldbeusedasamedicalfoodforpatientswithCrohn’sdisease.Crohn’sdiseaseisaninflammatoryboweldiseasethatcausessymptomssuchasabdominal(腹部)pain.Itaffectsaboutonein1,000people,andisthoughttobecausedbyamixtureofenvironmentalandgeneticfactors.

Theconditioniscommonindevelopedcountrieswheredietsareoftenlowinfibreandhighinprocessedfood,ScientistsattheUniversityofLiverpoollookedathowroughagefromvegetablesinfluencedthepassageofharmfulbacteriathroughcellsinsidethegut.Theyfoundthatfibresfromtheplantain,atypeoflargebanana,andbroccoliwereparticularlybeneficial.Butacommonstabilizeraddedtoprocessedfoodsduringthemanufacturingprocesshadtheoppositeeffect.

Dr.BarryCampbell,fromtheUniversityofLiverpool,said:“Thisresearchshowsthatdifferentdietarycomponentscanhavepowerfuleffectsonthemovementofbacteriatroughthebowel.Wehaveknownforsometimethegeneralhealthbenefitsofeatingplantainandbroccoli,whicharebothhighinvitaminsandminerals,butuntilnowwehavenotunderstoodhowtheycanboostthebody’snaturaldefensesagainstinfectioncommoninCrohn’spatients.Ourworksuggeststhatitmightbeimportantforpatientswiththisconditiontoeathealthilyandlimittheirintakeofprocessedfoods.”

TheresearchpublishedinthejournalGutandcarriedoutincollaborationwithexpertsinSwedenandScotland,investigatedspecialcells,calledM-cells,whichlinethegutandwardoffinvadingbacteria.Workwascarriedoutinlaboratory-growncellsandtissuesamplesfrompatientsundergoingsurgeryforstomachproblems.Clinicalt