2019-2020年外研版高中英语必修一讲义：Module+3.Section+Ⅰ Introduc

20/20SectionIIntroduction&ReadingI.重点单词1．核心单词expertn.专家midnightn.半夜journeyn.旅程trainvt.训练sceneryn.风景；景色2.拓展单词abandonedad•.被遗弃的fabandonvt.遗弃；抛弃productn.产品fproducevt.生产；n.农产品fproductionn.生产；产量shootvt.射杀fshotn.射击；枪声3•百读单词—helicoptern.直升飞机motorbiken.摩托车cassetten.录音带diamondn.钻石soiln.土壤“旅行”名词大观园journey旅行；旅程travel旅行；游记trip（短途）旅行；远足tour周游；参观访问voyage海上旅行；太空旅行别样“风景”sceneryn.风景；景色scenen.场景；风景viewn.景色；风景sightsn.风景；名胜1andscapen.风景；景色outlookn.景色；风光II.重点短语geton上（车、船等）getoff下（车、船等）getinto上（车）getoutof下（车）takeoff（飞机）起飞morethan不仅仅lookout_of向外看beshortfor是的缩写/简称not...anymore不再III.经典句式Andwhat_a_ride!一次多么美妙的火车之旅啊！Wheredo_you_thinkmostofthepeopleliveinthecentralpartofthecountryoronthecoast?你认为大部分人住在什么地方，是在国家的中心地带还是海滨？Weategreatmealscooked_by_experts.我们吃的美味饭菜是由烹饪大师们做的！“v.+off”短语集汇①takeoff（飞机）起飞②cutoff切断③giveoff放出④putoff推迟；拖延⑤payoff还清；回报⑥showoff炫耀篇章理解速读文章并选出最佳答案1．Thesentence“Andwhataride！”inthefirstparagraphmeansthat.A．thewriterenjoyedthelongjourneyB．thewriterwasmadetootiredfromthelongrideC．thatwasalonganddangerousjourneyD．shehadnothingtoseebutdesert答案：A2．Whichistherightorderofthefollowingthings?a．Anewrailwaylinewasbuiltandthecamelswerenolongerused.b．Australiansneededawaytotraveltothemiddleofthecountry.c．Australianstrainedcamelstocarryfoodandothersupplies.d．Theytriedridinghorsestotravel.A．bdcaB．dbacC．acbdD．cabd答案：A3．Australiansusedtotraveloncamelsfor.A．businessB．shoppingC．farmingD．pleasure答案：A4．Theyshotcamelsbecause.A．theyusedhorsesB．theypassedanewlawC．camelsbroughtmanyproblemsD．theybuiltanewrailwaylineandtheydidn'tneedthecamelsanymore答案：C5．Thewholepassagemainlytellsus.A．theimportanceofthedesertinAustraliaB．horsesareofnouseintravellinginadesertC．it'scrueltokillthousandsofcamelsD．thetransporttothemiddleofAustralia答案：D难句分析1．WegotoninSydneyandwegotoffinAliceSpringsrightinthemiddleofAustraliamorethanfourthousandkilometresaway.［句式分析］该句为并列句°and连接两个并列分句;rightinthemiddleofAustraliamorethanfourthousandkilometersaway作AliceSprings的后置定语。［尝试翻译］我们在悉尼上车，在澳大利亚中部的艾丽斯斯普林斯下车，行程四千多千米。Wesawabandonedfarmswhichwerebuiltmorethanahundredyearsago.［句式分析］该句为主从复合句。farms是先行词，which为关系代词，在定语从句whichwerebuiltmorethanahundredyearsago中作定语。［尝试翻译］我们看到建造于一百多年前的废弃的农庄。In1925theypassedalawwhichallowedpeopletoshoottheanimalsiftheywereaproblem.［句式分析］该句为主从复合句。讦theywereaproblem为条件状语从句；主句为theypassedalawwhichallowedpeopletoshoottheanimals,其中whichallowedpeopletoshoottheanimals为定语从句，修饰law。—［尝试翻译］在1925年，他们通过了一条法律，允许人们在动物引发问题的情况下射杀它们。複心突破*|f动援先■ifWWMWffiMiffiWW™!™™™複心突破知识点详解——重点词汇、短语1．distancen.距离；间隔；远处【语境领悟】Whichofthemcanyouusetotravelalongdistance?它们中哪一种或哪一些交通工具你可以用来进行长途旅行？【短语拓展】inthedistance在远处；在远方atadistance从远处；遥远地；久远地keepone'sdistancefrom疏远；与保持距离adistanceof……的距离withinwalkingdistanceof离……只有几步之遥【经典例句】MountEverestcouldbeseeninthedistance.远远地可以看到珠穆朗玛峰。Markwastoldtokeephisdistancefromthegirlacrossthestreet.马克被告知要和街对面的那个女孩子保持距离。即学即练单句语法填空一Canyouseethemaninthedistance?一YesIcan.HeismyneighborMr.Smithwhoisdifficulttogetalongwithbecausehealwayskeepseveryoneatadistance.Wecouldseenothinginthethickfogat/fromadistanceoffivemetressowegotlost.2．完成句子What's_the_distance（有多远）fromRiotoBeijing?meansn.方式，方法；手段；途径【语境领悟】Matchtheverbswiththemeansoftransportinactivity1.把活动1中的交通工具与下列动词搭配。【短语拓展】bythismeans用这种方法bymeansof（doing）...借助手段；依靠方法byallmeans可以；当然行；没问题bynomeans绝不；一点也不温馨提示means单复数同形。当means由everyeach或no修饰作主语时，后面句子中的谓语动词用单数；当means由allthese或those修饰作主语时，谓语动词用复数。类似的名词还有：workssheep以及deer等。【经典例句】WecanmakegreatprogressinourEnglishstudybythismeans.我们可以通过这种方式在英语学习中取得很大的进步。Sheisbynomeansaninexperiencedteacher.她绝不是个毫无经验的老师。即学即练1.单句语法填空Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried.Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried.2•用means的相关短语完成句子Itissaidthatby_no_meanscanthestudentsbeallowedtogetintothislaboratorywithoutMr.Jackson'spermission（允许）.By_means_ofWeChatwecankeepintouchwithourfriendsforeverydaycommunication.3.geton上（车、船等）；进展【语境领悟】*I'msurehe'llgetonatthenextstation.我确信他将在下一站

上车。*How'syourbrokenleggettingon?你受伤的腿怎么样了？*LilyisgettingonverywellinRussian.Shelearnsveryquickly.莉莉的俄语很有起色，她学得非常快。【归纳拓展】getoff下车；动身getthrough通过；接通；完成getacross越过；使被理解getin收获；插话getover克服；战胜getdownto开始认真做……【经典例句】IspokeveryslowlybutIcouldn'tgetmymeaningacross.尽管我说得很慢，但我的意思仍不被人理解。Irangyouseveraltimesbutwasn'tabletogetthrough.我几次打电话给你，但都没有打通。即学即练用get构成的适当短语完成句子Whentheoldladygot_onthebusayoungmangaveuphisseattoher.Aftertwodays'restweget_down_toworkagain.Icouldn'tget_acrosstoherhowmuchIlovedher.Shetalkssomuchthatyoucan'tgetawordin.Wehadtoget_overmanydifficulties.4.takeof（飞机）起飞；脱下（衣服）；开始成功；（事业）腾飞；请假【语境领悟】*Theplanetookoffasusualdespitethefog.尽管有雾，飞机仍照常起飞。*Itookoffmyovercoatsinceitwaswarm.天气暖和了，我就把大衣脱了。*Hiscareerbegantotakeoffinhislatethirties.他年近四十事业才开始腾飞。把……把……当take...for...作；误认为takeon雇用；承担；呈现takeover接管takeup拿起；占据；开始从事takein吸收；欺骗takeout取出来【经典例句】Hisonlyreasonforputtingmoneyinthecompanywastotakeitover.他投资这家公司的唯一原因就是想接管它。Iwon'ttakeupmuchofyourtime.我不会占用你很多时间。即学即练用take的相关短语完成句子Theirflighthasbeendelayed（推迟）duetothebadweather.Theywouldliketoknowwhentheflightwilltake_off.Itiscertainthathissonwilltake_overthecompanyafterheretires（退休）.I'msorrytohavetaken_upsomuchofyourtime.漫画助记5・sceneryn.风景；景色【语境领悟】*Forthefirstfewhundredkilometresofthejourneythescenerywasverycolourful.在旅程开始的几百千米，景色非常优美。*Theywenttothecountrysidetoenjoythescenery.他们去乡村欣赏风景。【易混辨析】scenerysceneviewsight(1)scenery是不可数名词，是自然景色的总称，常用来描述静态的、美丽的乡村景色。scene指展现在眼前的情景，大多包括景物中的人和活动在内。view是可数名词，意为“风景，景色”；表示从某处可看到的scenery的一部分，侧重指能够看到的部分，即所见之景。常构成“get/offeraviewof...”或“thereisaviewof...”。此外，view还可表示“观点，看法；视野”等。sight表示某一地区值得观看的建筑物、胜地、特色等，常用作复数。即学即练用scenerysceneviewsight的适当形式填空Shangri-laattractstensofthousandsofvisitorsbyitsbeautifulnaturalscenery.Thereisafineviewofthemountainfromourhotelwindow.TheImperialPalaceisoneofthesightsofChina.Theboatsintheharbourmakeabeautifulscene.Wepassedthroughsomebeautifulsightsonourjourneythroughthisdistrict.漫画助记abandonedadj.被遗弃的【语境领悟】Wesawabandonedfarmswhichwerebuiltmorethanahundredyearsago.我们看到了建于一百多年前的被遗弃的农场。【归纳拓展】abandonv.离弃；遗弃；抛弃abandononeselfto沉湎于；陷入withabandon恣意地；放纵地beabandonedto沉溺于；沉湎于【经典例句】Thedriverabandonedhiscarinthesnow.司机把汽车抛在雪地里。Thesailorsabandonedthemselvestodrinking.水手们纵情饮酒。Peoplejumpedandshoutedwithabandon.人们尽情地跳着喊着。即学即练单句语法填空Hiscarwasfoundabandoned(abandon)onthestreet.Theboyfeltabandoned(abandon)bytheworld.Soheabandonedhimselftocomputergamesandthoughtthatlifewasmeaningless.7.lookoutof从……朝外看【语境领悟】DuringthedayIsatandlookedoutofthewindowandsometimestalkedtootherpassengers.在白天，我坐着看窗外，有时和别的旅客说说话。【短语拓展】lookup抬头向上看；查阅lookupto敬佩；仰慕；尊敬lookoutfor留心防备；当心；提防lookinto调查；审查lookdownon轻视；瞧不起lookback(onsth.)回顾；回忆lookthrough快速查看；浏览【经典例句】Lookupthewordinthedictionary.在字典里查这个单词。Ispenthalfanhourlookingthroughtheeveningpaper.我用半小时浏览晚报。Iwishyouwouldn'tlookdownonthiskindofwork.我希望你不要看不起这种工作。即学即练单句填空①——TheT-shirtIreceivedisnotthesameasisshownonline.一Howcome?ButIpromiseyouwe'lllookintoitrightaway.Ilook_back_onmytimeinUKwithsatisfactionandIreallyhopetostudyinManchesteragain.一HowoftendoyourefertoadictionarywhenyouarereadinganEnglishnovel?一Wellitdepends.OnlyifitactuallyaffectsmyunderstandingwillIlookthewordup.8.beshortfor是……的缩写【语境领悟】GhanisshortforAfghanistan.Ghan是阿富汗的缩写。【短语拓展】beshortof缺少……inshort总之；简言之forshort简称【经典例句】MynameisThomasandyoucancallmeTomforshort.我的名字是Thomas,你可以简称我Tom。WTOisshortfortheWorldTradeOrganization.WTO是世界贸易组织的简称。Accordingtosomescientistswe'llbeshortofenergyinthefuture.依据一些科学家的说法,我们在将来会缺乏能源。即学即练单句语法填空Thatyoungmanishonestcooperative（合作的）alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.Inshorthe'sreliable.一Excusemecanyoutellmewhat“DIY”standsfor?一Itisshortfor“do-it-yourself”.Obviouslytheyoungmanisshortofteachingexperience.9.allowv・允许；准许【语境领悟】*I'llneverallowsuchbehavior.我绝不会允许这样的行为。*Myparentswon'tallowmetostayoutlate.我的父母不允许我深夜还不回家。【归纳拓展】allowv.允许，准许allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事allowdoingsth.允许做某事sb.beallowedtodosth.某人被允许做某事即学即练❾单句语法填空Thekidsarenotallowedto_leave(leave)unlesstheirparentscometopickthemup.Myfatherdoesn'tallowplaying(play)computergames;hedoesn'tevenallowmeto_watch(watch)TVbeforeIfinishmyhomework.知识点详解——重点句型1．Where_do_you_think_most_of_the_people_live_inthecentralpartofthec0untry^ronthecoaSt?你认为大多数人生活在哪里，是在国家的中部还是在沿海？【语境领悟】*Whodoyousupposetelephonedyesterday?你认为昨天是谁打的电话？*Whatdoyouthinkhisexplanationis?你认为他的解释是什么？【归纳拓展】特殊疑问词+doyouthink+陈述句结构。doyouthink是插入语。特殊疑问句用陈述语序。用于以上句型的动词除think夕卜，常见的还有believeconsidersupposeimagineguess和suggest等。即学即练❶1.单句改错Doyouthinkwhoisuptothejob?Do_you_think_who_fWho_do_you_think2T完成句子Where_did_they_suggestweshouldgoduringthesummerholidays?他们建议我们暑假到哪儿去？2・Andwhataride!多么愉快的一次旅行啊！【句式分析】此句是一个省略形式的感叹句。这个句子的完整形式是Andwhatarideitwas!【归纳拓展】(1)what引导感叹句时，后面接名词，其结构为What＋a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！或者What+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！(2)how引导感叹句时，后面接形容词或副词，其结构为How+adj/adv.+主语+谓语！或者How+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！或者How+主语+谓语！【经典例句】Whatagoodmotorbikemyfatherboughtme!我爸爸给我买了一辆多么好的摩托车啊！Whatattractivesceneryitis!这是多么吸引人的景色啊！Howstrictthedisciplineis!这纪律真严格啊！Howtightatimetablewehave!=Whatatighttimetablewehave!我们的时间表真紧啊!即学即练1.单句语法填空Donotletanyfailuresdiscourageyouforyoucannevertellhowcloseyoumaybetovictory.Whatadifferentlifeitistoday!2•句型转换Whatasurpriseitisforustoseethathedoeshisworksowell!How_surprisingitisforustoseethathedoeshisworksowell!Everythingiscoveredbydustbecauseofthesandstorm.Howterribletheweatheris!

Everythingiscoveredbydustbecauseofthesandstorm.What_terrible_weather！Myfirstride①onatrainEverythingiscoveredbydustbecauseofthesandstorm.What_terrible_weather！MynameisAliceThompsonIcomefromSydneyAustraliaandI'm18yearsold.RecentlyIhadmyfirstrideonalong-distance②train.Andwhataride!【1】AfriendandItravelledonthefamousGhantrain.Wegoton③inSydneyandwegotoff④inAliceSpringrightinthemiddleofAustraliamorethan⑤fourthousandkilometresaway.Wespent⑥twodaysandnightsonthetrain.【1】此外“whataride！”是感叹句，句子的主语和谓语被省略，完整形式为“whata(wonderful)rideitwas！”。Thetrainwaswonderfulandthefoodwasgreat.Weategreatmealscookedbyexperts⑦【2】！Forthefirstfewhundredkilometresofthejourney⑧，thescenery⑨wasverycolourful.Therewerefieldsandthesoilwasdarkred.Afterthatitwasdesert⑩.Thesunshone⑪，therewasnowindandtherewerenocloudsinthesky.Suddenlyitlookedlike⑫aplacefromanothertime.Wesawabandoned©farmswhichwerebuiltmorethanahundredyearsago【3】.【2】过去分词短语cookedbyexperts作后置定语，相当于which/thatwerecookedbyexperts，修饰greatmeals。【3】which引导定语从句，修饰先行词farm。which在从句中作主语，不能省略。Thetrainwascomfortableandthepeoplewerenice.DuringthedayIsatandlookedoutof⑭thewindowandsometimestalkedtootherpassengers.Iread⑮booksandlistenedtomyChinesecassettes⑯(I'mstudyingChineseatschool【4】).Onenightataboutmidnight⑰，Iwatchedthenightskyforaboutanhour.Thestarsshonelikediamonds®.【4】I'mstudying...用现在进行时表示目前或现阶段的情况。WhyisthetraincalledtheGhan?AlongtimeagoAustraliansneededawaytotraveltothemiddleofthecountry.Theytried⑲ridinghorsesbutthehorsesdidn'tlikethehotweatherandsand.Ahundredandfiftyyearsagotheybroughtsomecamels⑳fromAfghanistan.Ghanisshortfor21Afghanistan.Camelsweremuch©betterthanhorsesfor23travellingalongdistance.Formanyyearstrained©camelscarriedfoodandothersupplies2©5，andreturnedwithwoolandotherproducts2©6.TheAfghansandtheircamelsdidthisuntilthe1920s2©7.Thenthegovernmentbuiltanewrailwaylinesotheydidn'tneedthecamelsanymore2©8.In1925theypassedalaw2©9whichallowed©peopletoshoot©theanimalsiftheywereaproblem【5】.In1935thepoliceinatownshot153camelsinoneday.【5】在本句中which引导定语从句，修饰先行词alaw。在该定语从句中包含讦引导的条件状语从句。［词语积累］ride/raid/n.短途旅程；乘坐distance/'distans/n.距离long-distancead•.长途的（复合形容词）distant/'distant/adj.遥远的geton上（车、船等）getoff下（车、船等）morethan超过；不仅仅nomorethan仅仅spend"花时间，度过expert/'eksp3：t/n.专家journey/'d33：ni/n.旅程scenery/'si:nari/n.风景；景色desert/'dezat/n.沙漠desert/di'z3：t/o.遗弃；舍弃⑪shine/fain/^.（shone，shone）照耀；发光⑫looklike看起来好像⑬abandoned/a'b^ndand/ad•.被遗弃的⑭lookoutof朝外看⑮read/ri:d/o.识字，阅读。注意“看书、看报”等用read。此处read是过去式，读作/red/。⑯cassette/ke'set/n.录音带⑰midnight/'mid^nait/n.半夜⑱diamond/'daiemend/n.钻石⑲trydoingsth.试着做某事trytodosth.努力做某事⑳camel/'k壬ml/n.骆驼21beshortfor是的缩写/简称beshortof缺少◎much可以修饰形容词和副词的比较级，表示“……得多”。◎for(表示对象、用途等)给，对，供Z4train/trein/vt.训练trained在此处作定语。◎supply/se'plai/n.储备；补给品v.供应；供给◎product/'prod八kt/n.产品◎在“……世纪……年代”之前要加the，时间后加s或s。◎not...anymore不再◎passalaw通过一项法律◎allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事◎shoot/Ju：t/vt.(shot，shot)射杀shootat向……射击［核心素养链接•文化采风］TheGhan火车线是澳洲一条贯穿南北，长达2979km的火车观光线路。途中停靠澳洲三大城市——阿德莱德，艾丽斯斯普林斯和达尔文。不同于澳洲经典的几大旅游路线，这一条路线既没有穿越悉尼和墨尔本这两座最发达的城市，也不去往著名的凯恩斯和黄金海岸。这一条路线可以让人们了解的是澳洲最本真的内陆风貌。沙漠、巨石和旷野，三天两夜，这是一场只属于澳大利亚的狂野内陆之旅。这条于1929年开始就运行的火车线路被称为世界上最伟大的火车线路之一。我的首次火车之旅我叫艾丽斯•汤姆逊，来自澳大利亚的悉尼，今年18岁。不久前，我第一次乘坐了长途火车。一次多么美妙的火车之旅啊！我和一位朋友乘坐的是著名的Ghan火车。我们在悉尼上车，在澳大利亚中部的艾丽斯斯普林斯下车，它离悉尼4000多千米远。我们在火车上度过了两天两夜。火车棒极了，食物很好吃。我们吃的美味饭菜是由烹饪大师们做的！在最初的几百公里的旅行中，景色多姿多彩。一片片的田野，土壤是深红的，接下来是沙漠。阳光照耀着，没有风，天空中也没有云彩。突然间，时空好像发生了转变。我们看到了一些废弃的农场，这些农场建于100多年前。火车很舒适，旅伴们也很友好。在白天，我坐着看窗外，有时和别的旅客说说话。我看看书，听听汉语磁带（我在学校学习汉语）。有一天晚上，大约是在半夜，差不多有整整一小时我都在注视夜晚的天空。星星像钻石般闪烁着。这列火车为什么叫Ghan呢？很久以前，澳大利亚人需要一条通往国家中部的路。他们试着骑马，但那些马不喜欢炎热的天气和沙漠。150年前’他们从阿富汗带回一些骆驼。Ghan是阿富汗的缩写。对于长途旅行，骆驼比马好得多。多年来，受过训练的骆驼驮着食物和其他物品出去，带回了羊毛与其他产品。阿富汗人和他们的骆驼一直做着这样的事情到20世纪20年代。后来政府修建了一条新铁路，因此他们就不再需要骆驼了。1925年，他们通过了一项法律，这项法律允许人们在这种动物成为麻烦时射杀它们。1935年，警方曾在一个镇上一天内杀死了153头骆驼。I.根据汉语提示用本部分所学的单词填空1.Whilereadingweshouldkeepacertaindistance（距离）fromthebooktoprotectoureyes.T