考研考博-英语-安顺职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安顺职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Inaboutonemonth’stime,studentswillsoonfeeltrulyanddeeply________oftheircollege.

问题1选项

A.parts

B.apart

C.part

D.one

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：在大约一个月的时间里，学生们很快就会真正深刻地感受到自己是学校的一部分。当强调某物是一个整体的构成部分时，即强调所属关系时，多用partof。D选项oneof表示“其中之一”，不符合句意。因此答案选C。

2.单选题

Aftermonthsofinvestigation,thepolicemanjudgesitasa(n)（

）murder.

问题1选项

A.willing

B.purposeful

C.voluntary

D.deliberate

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。willing意为“乐意的，自愿的”；purposeful意为“有目的的，故意的”；voluntary意为“自愿的，自发的”；deliberate意为“故意的，蓄意的”。

句意：经过几个月的调查，警察判定这是一场蓄意谋杀。

3.不定项选择题

Whatdovideocassettes,icecream,pizzas,whiskyandbouquetsofflowersallhaveincommon?TheansweristhatinJapantheycanallbeboughtfromavendingmachine.Japanboastsmorevendingmachinesperpersonthananyothercountryintheworld,withoneforevery22people.America,bycontrast,hasoneforevery46;theEuropeanCommunityonlyoneforevery200.

Japanesevendingmachinesarealsomoreproductive.Salespermachinearealmosttwo-thirdshigherthaninAmerica,becausetheJapanesemachinessellhigh-valueproducts,likewhisky,aswellastheusualCoca-colaandgum.

Cravingacigaretteorbarofchocolate?InAmericaorBritainthenearestvendingmachineisprobablyvandalized,empty,oracceptsonlytherightmoneyinthewrongcoins.Thankstoitslowcrime-rateandsophisticatedelectronics,Japan’svendingmachinesaremuchreliable.Theyarealsolesslikelytorunout,thankstoon-linemonitoringofstocks.

Despitewhatlookslikesaturationbyanyoneelse’sstandards,thenumberofvendingmachinesinJapanissettogrow.Thisisbecausethelabor-savingadvantagesofvendingmachineshaveyettobefullyexploited.Decliningbirthrates,anagingpopulationandtightcontrolsonimmigrationarecreatingashortageoflow-wageworkersinJapanandboostingthedemandforevercleverermachines.Oneofthefastestgrowingsectorsisheatedfoodsuchaspizzas.Avendingmachinecanreplacewaitressesinhamburgerjoints,ticketvendorsincinemasandcounterstaffinall-nightstores.

Thelatestcrazeisvendingmachinesthatselllove.Menlookingforagirl-friendpaytohavetheirvitalstatisticsfedintothelovemachine—includingtheirname,telephonenumberand,mostimportantofall,thekindofcartheydrive.Womendropinafewcoins,andthenchoosethetake-awaymanoftheirdreams.

1.Thereisavendingmachineforevery46people（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingitemscanbeconsideredashigh-valueproduct?

3.Impliedbutnotstated（

）.

4.Theshortageoflow-wageworkersinJapaniscaused（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingmaybethetitleofthearticle?

问题1选项

A.inAmerica

B.inJapan

C.inFrance

D.intheUnitedKingdom

问题2选项

A.Videocassette

B.Pizza

C.Icecream

D.Whisky

问题3选项

A.Thecrime-rateofAmericaishigherthanthatofJapan

B.Thecrime-rateoftheUnitedKingdomishigherthanthatofJapan

C.Thecrime-rateofJapanishigherthanthatofBritain

D.BothAandB

问题4选项

A.bytightcontrolsonimmigration

B.byanagingpopulation

C.bydecliningbirthrates

D.allabove

问题5选项

A.Push-ButtonLover

B.CleverMachine

C.VendingMachineinJapan

D.ConvenientMachine

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:事实细节题。根据题干定位到第一段最后一句：Japanboastsmorevendingmachinesperpersonthananyothercountryintheworld,withoneforevery22people.America,bycontrast,hasoneforevery46;theEuropeanCommunityonlyoneforevery200.（日本拥有世界上人均最多的自动售货机，每22个人就有一台。相比之下，美国每46人就有1台，而欧共体每200人中只有1台。），从这里可以看出答案选A“美国”。

B选项“日本”，日本售卖机是每22人一台，不符合题意，这里属于反向干扰。

C选项“法国”，法国是欧洲国家，欧洲人是每200人一台，不符合题意，这里属于反向干扰。

D选项“英国”，英国是欧洲国家，欧洲人是每200人一台，不符合题意，这里属于反向干扰。

第2题:事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第二段第一句话becausetheJapanesemachinessellhigh-valueproducts,likewhisky,aswellastheusualCoca-colaandgum（因为日本的机器销售高价值的产品，如威士忌，以及通常的可口可乐和口香糖）。第二步，综合理解，文章有明显的指向，威士忌属于高价值产品，所以答案选D。

A选项“录像磁带”，第一步，精准定位，定位到第一段第二三句话Whatdovideocassettes,icecream,pizzas,whiskyandbouquetsofflowersallhaveincommon?TheansweristhatinJapantheycanallbeboughtfromavendingmachine.（录像带、冰淇淋、披萨、威士忌和花束有什么共同之处？答案是，在日本，它们都可以从自动售货机买到），这里虽然有提到A项，但没有说这三种物品是高价值产品不符合题意，这里属于出处错误。

B选项“披萨”，见A选项解析。

C选项“冰淇淋”，见A选项解析。

第3题:事实推理题。第一步，寻找句内线索，定位到第三段第二三句话InAmericaorBritainthenearestvendingmachineisprobablyvandalized,empty,oracceptsonlytherightmoneyinthewrongcoins.Thankstoitslowcrime-rateandsophisticatedelectronics,Japan’svendingmachinesaremuchreliable.（在美国或英国，最近的自动售货机很可能遭到破坏、空无一物，或者只接受用错硬币装对的钱。由于日本的低犯罪率和先进的电子设备，自动售货机非常可靠）第二句讲到英美两国的售货机很可能遭到破坏，而第三句直接说日本的犯罪率低，所以这里就暗指英美两国的犯罪率会要比日本的高，所以答案选D选项“A、B都对”。

A选项“美国的犯罪率比日本高”；由上可知，美国的犯罪率的确比日本的要高，但是没有说完全，属于以偏概全。

B选项“英国的犯罪率比日本高”；由上可知，英国的犯罪率的确比日本的要高，但是没有说完全，属于以偏概全。

C选项“日本的犯罪率比英国高”；由上可知，英国的犯罪率的确比日本的要高，这里属于反向干扰。

第4题:事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第四段第三句话Decliningbirthrates,anagingpopulationandtightcontrolsonimmigrationarecreatingashortageoflow-wageworkersinJapan（出生率下降、人口老龄化以及对移民的严格控制，造成了日本低薪工人的短缺）第二步，综合理解，由此可知A选项“通过严格控制移民”；B选项“人口老龄化”；C选项“出生率下降”三个选项都是正确的，选择任意一个都会犯以偏概全的错误，所以答案选D选项“以上都是”。

第5题:主旨大意题。第一步：文章行文结构，文章以疑问开始，讲述了自动贩卖机在日本的运用及普及，然后第二、三段讲述日本售卖机可以贩卖的商品，第四段讲述贩卖机在日本迅猛发展的原因，第五段讲的是贩卖机能够卖的匪夷所思的商品，全文是总分结构，都是围绕着日本的售卖机而来，所以答案选C选项“日本的自动售货机”。

A选项“按钮的情人”是文章最后一段的内容，犯了以偏概全的错误。

B选项“聪明的机器”只是在文章第四段有提及，犯了以偏概全的错误。

D选项“方便的机器”。全文没有提到，属于无中生有。

4.单选题

Vegetablesareagarden’s（）.

问题1选项

A.produce

B.product

C.production

D.products

【答案】A

【解析】考查近义词辨析。produce，product，production都有“生产，产品”的意思，produce多指蔬菜水果等农产品；product一般指工业产品，也可泛指各种各样的产品；production含义广泛，它主要指生产这一动作或过程，尤指人类智力或艺术劳动的产品。句意：蔬菜是菜园的农产品。本句表示蔬菜是农产品。因此A选项正确。

5.单选题

In1982,HitachiwasindictedforstealingconfidentialdocumentsfromIBM.Aspartofacourtsettlement,thecompanypaidIBMhundredsofmillionsofdollars.

问题1选项

A.condemnedfor

B.accusedof

C.disciplinedfor

D.disapprovedof

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。beindictedfor“因……被指控”；A选项becondemnedfor“因……被谴责”；B选项beaccusedof“被指控”；C选项bedisciplinedfor“因……受到处分或惩罚”；D选项bedisapprovedofdoingsth.的搭配不存在。句意：1982年，日立被指控从IBM窃取机密文件。作为法庭和解的一部分，该公司向IBM支付了数亿美元。题干说到“acourtsettlement庭外和解”，可推知indictedfor在这里有“因……被指控”的意思，因此B选项正确。

6.单选题

Modempersuasionadvertisingblossomedasafunctionofmarketsthatwerelesscompetitivebyeconomists'standards,andaregenerallyreferredtoasoligopolies.Thesearemarketswhereahandfuloffirmsdominateoutputorsalesintheindustry,andwheretheyhavesufficientmarketpowerthattheycansetthepriceatwhichtheirproductsells.Thekeytoanoligopolyisthatitisverydifficultfornewcomerstoenterthemarket,nomatterhowprofitableitmaybe,becauseofthepoweroftheexistingplayers.Underoligopolythereisstrongdisincentivetoengageinpricewarfaretoexpandone'smarketshare,becauseallthemainplayersarelargeenoughtosurviveapricewarandallitwoulddoisshrinkthesizeoftheindustryrevenuepiethatthefirmsarefightingover.Indeed,thepriceinanoligopolisticindustrywilltendtogravitatetowardwhatitwouldbeinapuremonopolysothecontendersarefightingforslicesofthelargestpossiblerevenuepie.

Atfirstblush,thisisaprettyaccuratepictureoftheU.S.economyofthetwentiethandtwenty-firstcenturies.Theeconomyhasbecomefarmoremonopolisticoverthepastthirtyyears.Itisalsoagoodway,thoughbynomeanstheonlyway,tounderstandtheemergenceanddominanceofadvertising.Althoughfirmsarenotinwhateconomiststermcompetitivemarkets,theyaremostdefinitelyengagedinmonopolisticcompetitionwitheachothertomaximizetheirprofits.Advertisingemergesfrontandcenterasamajorwaytoincreasemarketsharewithoutengagingindestructiveprofit-damagingpricecompetition.

Theelectionrealm,issimilartotheeconomyinthatittendstobeaduopolyingeneralelections,meaningthereareusuallyonlytwooptionsthatcouldconceivablywin,and,asinanoligopoly,theseduopolistshaveusedtheir"marketpower"—inthiscasecontroloverelectionlawstomakeitallbutimpossibleforathirdpartytosuccessfullyestablishitselfasalegitimatecontender.Evenprimaryelectionsarealmostalwaysamatterofnomorethantwoorthreeviableentrantsexceptinaverysmallnumberofraces.Ineconomictheorythisleadstoaninterestingconclusion:asJ.Schorhasputit,thesmartplayforafirminaduopolyistoactliketheotherfirm,nottodifferentiateitself.

Macphersonwasamongthefirsttounderstandmodemelectoralpolitics-thetwo-partysystem-intermsofoligopolisticandduopolisticmarketpractices.“Wheretherearesofewsellers,"Macphersonwroteconcerningpoliticalparties,"theyneednotanddonotrespondtobuyers'demandsastheymustdoinafullycompetitivesystem."Thismeansthattheparties,likeoligopolisticfirms,can"createthedemandforpoliticalgoods"andlargelydictatethe"demandscheduleforpoliticalgoods."InMacpherson'sargument,aduopolisticpartysysteminamodemcapitalistsocietyliketheUnitedStateswilltendtogravitatetoprovidinga"competitionbetweenelites,"whicharethedrivingforceand”formulatetheissues."Thebasicsinthepoliticaleconomyareagreeduponbythetwopartiesandoffthetableforpublicdebateordiscussion.InMacpherson'sview,thetwo-partysystemwasidealfortheproductionofcitizenapathyandde-politicizationandforthemaintenanceofeliterule;i.e.whatwouldbecalleda“weakdemocracy”.

1.Withwhatthemeisthepassagemainlyconcerned?

2.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingparagraph1and2isto（）.

3.Whatdoesthephrase“frontandcenter”inparagraph2mean?

4.Thehighlightedsentence“Thebasics...ordiscussion”inthelastparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthat（）.

5.Whatistheauthorlikelytotalkaboutintheparagraphfollowingthispassage?

问题1选项

A.PoliticalAdvertising.

B.OligopolyMarket.

C.WeakDemocracy.

D.ModemElectoralPolitics.

问题2选项

A.statewhypoliticaladvertisingappearedinthetwentiethandtwenty-firstcenturiesinAmerica.

B.emphasizethatitisarealpictureoftheU.S.economyofthetwentiethandtwenty-firstcenturies.

C.statethatthesituationinAmericanelectionrealmisthesameastheoneinitseconomicrealm.

D.explainthattheoligopolymarketeconomyhasaspecialfunctionintheU.S.economicrealm.

问题3选项

A.Infront.

B.Attheforefront.

C.Inthecenter.

D.Inthemiddle.

问题4选项

A.Thetwopartieswoulddiscussthebasicsinthepoliticaleconomyinsecret.

B.Thetwopartieswoulddiscussthebasicsinthepoliticaleconomyinpublic.

C.Thetwopartieswouldnotaskthepublictodiscussthebasicsinthepoliticaleconomy.

D.Thetwopartieshavethesameideaaboutthebasicsinthepoliticaleconomysotheywouldnotdiscussthemanymore.

问题5选项

A.HeislikelytoanalyzetheissuesformulatedbyaduopolisticpartysystemintheUnitedStates.

B.HeislikelytoexplainAmericancitizenapathyanddepoliticizationindetail.

C.Heislikelytogivesomesupportingevidenceofa"weakdemocracy".

D.Heislikelytoprovidesomeexamplesofa"competitionbetweenelites"

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨题。纵观全文，文章前半部分主要提到了与经济相关的规律，垄断经济形势对经济带来了重大影响。文章后半部分将垄断经济层面延伸至政治层面，提出在政治选举中也出现了相似的垄断统治规律，这样的民主实际上不是真正的民主。所以，本文主要围绕现代社会的选举政治这个话题展开的。选项D符合题意。

2.推断题。文章一二段主要提到了在经济层面出现的一种垄断经济现象，导致供不应求。根据文章第三段，“Theelectionrealm,issimilartotheeconomyinthatittendstobeaduopolyingeneralelections”，可知选举领域和经济领域类似，在选举中往往是双头垄断。可推断出一二段提到的经济现象主要是为了引出政治层面存在的政治垄断现象。选项C符合题意。

3.词义理解题。Infront“在前面”；Attheforefront“最前沿”；Inthecenter“在中央，表具体位置”；Inthemiddle“在中间，表具体位置”。句意：广告作为一种增加市场份额的主要方式出现在市场的前端，不从事破坏性的、损益性的价格竞争。选项B符合题意。

4.推断题。根据文章最后一段，“Thebasicsinthepoliticaleconomyareagreeduponbythetwopartiesandoffthetableforpublicdebateordiscussion.”，可知政治经济学的基础是两党一致同意的，不公开辩论或讨论。这里是说两党在政治方面垄断，因此并不是说他们对于政治经济基础有一致观点，而是完全由他们议定，不让公众或其他党派插手。因此C选项符合题意。

5.推断题。根据文章最后一段，“whatwouldbecalleda‘weakdemocracy’”，可知在文章末尾出现了Macpherson关于weakdemocracy的观点，可推断出，在接下来的文段中，可能会进一步对weakdemocracy进行讨论。选项C符合题意。

7.单选题

Hewritesinavery____way;therearemanymistakesoneverypage.

问题1选项

A.illegible

B.illogical

C.illiterate

D.indignant

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.illegible难辨认的B.illogical不合逻辑的

C.illiterate行文不通顺的D.indignant愤慨的

【答案】C

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】原句语义为“他写得非常____，每一页上都有许多错误（manymistakes）。”根据后文“有许多错误”推测，C选项illiterate“行文不通顺的”最符合原句语义衔接，inaveryilliterateway指的是“像一个文盲写的一样”。

【干扰项排除】

A选项illegible“难辨认的”，难以辨认，不一定是错误，该选项不符合原句语义衔接；

B选项illogical“不合逻辑的”，侧重于指没有道理，不合章法，不一定是错误的，而且原句中“每一页都有许多错误”不一定是没有逻辑，该选项没有C选项恰当；

D选项indignant“愤慨的”，不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】他的写作就像文盲写的一样；每一页上都有许多错误。

8.写作题

Thegraphsbelowshowthechangeofinfantmortalityandlifeexpectancyinacountry.Writeanessayof200words.Youressaymustbebasedontheinstructionsasfollows:

1.Describethegraphs

2.Givesomereasons

3.Predictthefutureinfantmortality

【答案】略

9.单选题

Theyear1995washeraldedasthebeginningofthe“NewEconomy.”Digitalcommunicationwassettoupendmarketsandchangeeverything.Buteconomistsbyandlargedidn’tbuyintothehype.Itwasn’tthatwedidn’trecognizethatsomethingchanged.Itwasthatwerecognizedthattheoldeconomicslensremainedusefulforlookingatthechangestakingplace.Theeconomicsofthe“NewEconomy”couldbedescribedatahighlevel:Digitaltechnologywouldcauseareductioninthecostofsearchandcommunication.Thiswouldleadtomoresearch,morecommunication,andmoreactivitiesthatgotogetherwithsearchandcommunication.That’sessentiallywhathappened.

Todayweareseeingsimilarhypeaboutmachineintelligence.Butonceagain,aseconomists,webelievesomesimplerulesapply.Technologicalrevolutionstendtoinvolvesomeimportantactivitybecomingcheap,likethecostofcommunicationorfindinginformation.Machineintelligenceis,initsessence,apredictiontechnology,sotheeconomicshiftwillcenteraroundadropinthecostofprediction.

Thefirsteffectofmachineintelligencewillbetolowerthecostofgoodsandservicesthatrelyonprediction.Thismattersbecausepredictionisaninputtoahostofactivitiesincludingtransportation,agriculture,healthcare,energymanufacturing,andretail.

Whenthecostofanyinputfallssoprecipitously,therearetwootherwell-establishedeconomicimplications.First,wewillstartusingpredictiontoperformtaskswherewepreviouslydidn’t.Second,thevalueofotherthingsthatcomplementpredictionwillrise.

Asmachineintelligencelowersthecostofprediction,wewillbegintouseitasaninputforthingsforwhichweneverpreviouslydid.Forexample,withthetechnologicaladvanceinsemiconductors,thecostofcalculationdroppedsignificantly,soactivitiesforwhicharithmeticwasakeyinputbecamemuchcheaper.Consequently,inphotography,weshiftedfromafilm-oriented,chemistry-basedapproachtoadigital-oriented,arithmetic-basedapproach.

Whenthecostofafoundationalinputplummets,itoftenaffectsthevalueofotherinputs.Thevaluegoesupforcomplementsanddownforsubstitutes.Inthecaseofphotography,thevalueofthehardwareandsoftwarecomponentsassociatedwithdigitalcameraswentupasthecostofarithmeticdroppedbecausedemandincreased—wewantedmoreofthem.Thesecomponentswerecomplementstoarithmetic;theywereusedtogether.Incontrast,thevalueoffilm—relatedchemicalsfell—wewantedlessofthem.

Asmachineintelligenceimproves,thevalueofhumanpredictionskillswilldecreasebecausemachinepredictionwillprovideacheaperandbettersubstituteforhumanprediction,justasmachinesdidforarithmetic.However,thisdoesnotspelldoomforhumanjobs,asmanyexpertssuggest.That’sbecausethevalueofhumanjudgmentskillswillincrease.Usingthelanguageofeconomics,judgmentisacomplementtopredictionandthereforewhenthecostofpredictionfallsdemandforjudgmentrises.We’llwantmorehumanjudgment.

Forexample,whenpredictionischeap,diagnosiswillbemorefrequentandconvenient,andthuswe’lldetectmanymoreearly-stage,treatableconditions.Thiswillmeanmoredecisionswillbemadeaboutmedicaltreatment,whichmeansgreaterdemandfortheapplicationofethics,andforemotionalsupport,whichareprovidedbyhumans.Thelinebetweenjudgmentandpredictionisn’tclearcut—somejudgmenttaskswillevenbereframedasaseriesofpredictions.Yet,overallthevalueofprediction-relatedhumanskillswillfall,andthevalueofjudgment-relatedskillswillrise.

56.Thehighlightedword“hype”inParagraph2maybebestinterpretedas______.

57.Accordingtotheconsequencesofmachineintelligence,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

58.InParagraph5,theauthormentionssemiconductorinorderto______.

59.Theinfluenceofmachineintelligenceuponhumanactivitiesisthat______.

60.Themostsuitabletitleforthismessageforthispassageis______.

问题1选项

A.carnival

B.exaggeration

C.leap

D.ecstasy

问题2选项

A.Thecostofproductsandservicesbasedonpredictionwillbereduced.

B.Somenewtaskswillbereframedaspredictionproblems.

C.Pricesofcomplementsthathelppredictionwillrise.

D.Thevalueofhumanjudgmentwilldecrease.

问题3选项

A.showthattechnologyhasmademajorprogressinthearithmeticarea

B.explainwhyfilmphotographyisreplacedbydigitalphotography

C.illustratethattechnologicaladvanceswillreduceproductcosts

D.provethatthepricesofcomplementswillincrease

问题4选项

A.thecostofhumanpredictionwillincrease

B.humanjudgmentwillbecomemorevaluable

C.machineintelligencewillreplacehumanjobs

D.peoplewillmakemoredecisionsonmedicaltreatment

问题5选项

A.Theeconomiceffectsofmachineintelligence

B.Machineintelligencevshumanprediction

C.Costreductionindigitaltechnology

D.Advancesinmachineintelligence

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】56.语义推测题。题干意思是“第二段中黑体字‘hype’一词最好解释为……”。文章第一段有提到hype这个单词，Digitalcommunicationwassettoupendmarketsandchangeeverything.Buteconomistsbyandlargedidn’tbuyintothehype.（数字通信注定要颠覆市场，改变一切，但总的来说，经济学家并不接受这种炒作）；hype的本义是炒作，在这里是指前一句内容过于“夸张，言过其实”；由此推断第二段第一句Todayweareseeingsimilarhypeaboutmachineintelligence.（今天，我们看到了关于机器智能的类似炒作）中的hype也是同样表示“夸张”的意思，所以B项“夸张”正确。A项“狂欢”、C项“飞跃”和D项“狂喜”都不符合语境。因此，该题选择B项正确。

57.细节推断题。题干意思是“根据机器智能的影响，下面哪个陈述是不正确的？”。根据第三段第一句话Thefirsteffectofmachineintelligencewillbetolowerthecostofgoodsandservicesthatrelyonprediction.（机器智能的第一个作用将是降低依赖预测的商品和服务的成本）可知，基于预测的商品和服务成本会降低，故A项“基于预测的产品和服务成本将会降低”符合原文；从第四段第二句First,wewillstartusingpredictiontoperformtaskswherewepreviouslydidn’t.（首先，我们将开始使用预测来执行以前没有执行的任务）可知，一些任务将被重新预测，B项“一些新的任务将被重新作为预测问题”正确；第四段第三句指出Second,thevalueofotherthingsthatcomplementpredictionwillrise.（其次，补充预测的其他东西的价值将会上升），可知C项“帮助预测的附加品价格将上升”也正确；D项“人类判断的价值将会降低”不属于机器智能的影响。因此，该题选择D项正确。

58.细节推断题。题干意思是“在第五段中，作者提到半导体是为了……”。第五段第一句提到Asmachineintelligencelowersthecostofprediction,wewillbegintouseitasaninputforthingsforwhichweneverpreviouslydid.（随着机器智能降低了预测的成本，我们将开始把它作为一种输入，用于我们以前从未做过的事情），接着就引出了半导体发展所带来的摄影方面的变革这一例证，由此可推断，技术的进步降低了产品的成本；C项“说明技术进步会降低产品成本”符合题意。A项“表明技术在算术领域取得了重大进步”和B项“解释为什么胶片摄影被数码摄影取代”是细节描述和举例说明，不是引出半导体真正的目的；D项“证明附加品的价格将会增加”这是产品成本下降后的影响，不属于提及半导体的原因。因此，该题选择C项正确。

59.细节推断题。题干意思是“机器智能对人类活动的影响是……”。第七段第一句指出Asmachineintelligenceimproves,thevalueofhumanpredictionskillswilldecrease（随着机器智能的提高，人类预测技能的价值将会下降），结合倒数第二句Usingthelanguageofeconomics,judgmentisacomplementtopredictionandthereforewhenthecostofpredictionfallsdemandforjudgmentrises.（用经济学的语言来说，判断是预测的补充，因此，当预测的成本下降时，判断的价值就会上升）可知，人类预测技能价值下降，判断价值会增加，所以B项“人类的判断将变得更有价值”正确。A项“人类预测的成本将会增加”，如果预测成本增加，那么判断价值就会下降，这与原文不符；第七段第二句提到However,thisdoesnotspelldoomforhumanjobs,asmanyexpertssuggest.（然而，这并不像许多专家所说的那样意味着人类工作的末日）可以推断，机器智能并不能完全取代人类的工作，所以C项“机器智能将取代人类的工作”错误；D项“人们将在医疗上做出更多的决定”这只是用来对“人类的判断将变得更有价值”而进行的例证。因此，该题选择B项正确。

60.主旨大意题。题干意思是“这篇文章最适合的标题是……”。通读全文，文章第一段提出了数字技术在“新经济”中带来的影响，第二段引出智能机器，接着就详细分析了机器智能对于市场经济以及人类活动的影响，因此可以判断A项“机器智能的经济效应”符合题意。B项“机器智能vs人类预测”、C项“数字技术的成本降低”和D项“机器智能的进展”都只是在某个段落提及，不够全面表达文章的内容。因此，该题选择A项正确。

10.单选题

I'veheardthatyouaregoingto（

）theboss'sjobwhensheretires.

问题1选项

A.putupwith

B.putinfor

C.putoutto

D.putinon

【答案】B

【解析】词组辨析题。A选项putupwith“忍受，容忍”；B选项putinfor“申请”；C选项putoutto“拿出去”；D选项putinon没有此搭配。句意：我听说你打算在老板退休后申请（接替）她的职位。选项B符合句意。

11.单选题

Nobodyknewhowhecameupwiththis（

）ideaaboutthetrip.

问题1选项

A.weary

B.twilight

C.unanimous

D.weird

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:没有人知道他是怎么想出这么一个旅行点子。

weary:疲倦的，使人厌烦的。twilight:虚幻的，暮年的。unanimous:意见一致的。weird:怪异的，不可思议的。故D项符合句意。

12.单选题

Hebuiltahutonapieceofroughlandheararockfall.Inthewetseasontherewasaplentifulstream,andovertheyearsheencouragedthedryforesttosurroundhimwithathickscreen.Thegreeneritbecametheeasieritwastoforgettheoutside.IntimeMelio(notwithoutsometerriblemistakes)learnthowtoliveinspiteofthedifficultiesuponthatmountainshelf.

HisonlyneighborswereafamilygroupofParakanaIndianswho,forreasonsknownonlytothemselves,tookalikingtoMelio.TheirChiefneverlookedcloselyatMelioandsaidtohimselfthatthiswhitemanwasasmadasasnakewhichchewsoffitsowntail.TheparakanastaughtMeliotocatchfishwiththehelpofawildplantwhichmadethemsenselessinthestream.Itgaveoffapowerfuldrugwhenshakenviolentlythroughthewater.Theyshoredhimbowtohuntbylayingtrapsanddigging.IntimeMelio’spieceoflandbecamearegularfarm.Hebadwildbirds,fatlong-leggedonesandthinnearlyfeatherlesschickens,andhiscormandsailedfishwasenoughtokeephimstockedupthoughthewetseason.

TheParakanaswerealwaysaroundhim.He’dneveradmititbuthecouldfeelthatthetreeswerelikethebarsofaprison:theywerewatchinghim.ItwasasifhewastherebycourtesyoftheChief.Whentheycametohim,theIndiansneverenteredhishouse,withitssteeplyslopingroofofdriedgrassandleaves.Theyhadadelicatewayofbehaving.Theyshowedthemselvesbystandingintheshadeofthetreesattheclearing’sedge.Hewasexpectedtocrossthechickenstriptowardsthem.Thentheyhadacuriousbutchiminghabitoftakingapacehackfromhim,justoneoddstepbackwardsintotheirgreencorridors.Melionevercouldpersuadethemtocomeanycloser.

ThegroupguessedatMelio’shatredforhiscivilizedbrothersinthetownsfaraway-TheyknewMeliowouldneverinviteanymorewhitemenuphere.ThispleasedtheParakanas.Itmeantthattraderslookingforrubberandjewelswouldneverreachthem.TheirMeliowouldseetothat.Theyweresafewiththismanandhishatred.

1.ItisknownfromthepassagethatMeliowantedtheforestaroundhimtobecomethickbecausethedenseleaves________.

2.TheChief'scomparisonofMeliotoasnakeisintendedtoshowthat_________.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

4.ToMelio,theParakanaIndiansseemed_________.

5.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatplacedescribedbytheauthorwas___.

问题1选项

A.remindedhimofhishouseinthetownfaraway.

B.preventedtheParakanasfromwatchinghim

C.helpedhimtoforgettheworldhehated

D.protectedhimfrombeingintrudedbythewhitemeninthetown

问题2选项

A.hedidnottrustMelio

B.itwasunwisetogotooclosetoMelio

C.hebelievedMeliohatedtheParakanas

D.hethoughtMeliowasoutofhismind

问题3选项

A.Meliostayedonhisfarmforanumberofyears.

B.Meliofeltlikeaprisonerbecausehecouldn’tescapebeingwatched.

C.Meliokepthimselfalive,duringtherainyseasonbyeatingwhatbe