考研考博-英语-内蒙古体育职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-内蒙古体育职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Eventoday,whenairandroadtravelhasmadeAfricasoreadilyaccessibletoEuropeansandAmericans,thereareinnumerableaspectsofAfricanlifewhichtendtotakeonebysurprise.Theunfamiliarlieshiddeneverywhere,andthepresenceofWesterncultureseemsmerelytoemphasizethisunfamiliarity.Basically,theessenceofourreac¬tiontothestrange,theunfamiliar,isasenseoffear.Everycountrycontainslandscapesthatarouseunease—whetheritbesomeremoteAlpinevalley,thewildlavenderfieldsofUpperProvince,oralonelyNorwegianfjordattwilight.ButinmyownexperienceWestAfricacontainsmoreweirdandeerieregions—rain-forest,mangroveswamp,parchedplainsofredearth—thananyotherplacethatIhaveseen.Itisnotonlyintheforeignerthattheselandscapesevokefear.AlargepartofalloldAfricanreligionsisdevotedtosoothingtheunknownandtheunseen—evilspiritswhichliveinaparticulartreeoraparticularrock,athousandvarietiesofghostsandwitches,theever-presentspiritsofdeadancestorsorrelatives.IhavemyselfbeenkeptawakeatnightinCalabarbyafriendfromLagoswhowascon¬vincedthatthewitchesoftheeastwereouttogethim,orthathewasabouttobekidnappedandeaten.DuringfourandahalfhoursinacanoealongthecreeksoftheNigerdella,glidingoverthestillandcolorlesswaterbeneathanequallystillandcolorlessbutburningsky,I,too,haveexperiencedasenseoffear,oratleastasenseofawe.Ex¬ceptforthetickingofthelittleoutboardenginethesilencewascomplete.Oneitherhandstretchedthesilver-whiteswampsofmangrove,seeming,withtheirawkwardexposedroots,tobestandingknee-deepinthewater.Wherethecreeknarrowedyoucouldpeerdeepintothesethicketsofmangroves—vistassecret,interminableandsomehowmeaningless.Therewasnosignoflifeexceptfortheshrillscreechofsomeunseenbird.

IwasonmywaytotheancientslavingportofBonny,whichwereachedinlateafternoon.Scramblingupsomederelictstonesteps(slitherywithslimeandwhichhadmanagedtodetachthemselvesfromthelanding-stagesothatyouhadtojumpatwo-footgaptoreachwetland),1foundmyselfinanareaofblackmudandtumbledblocksofstone.

1.TherearefeaturesofWesternculturewhicharepresentinWestAfrica（）.

2.AlotoftheoldAfricanreligionhastodowith（）

3.Theauthorwaskeptawakeby（）.

4.“Mangrove”means（）

问题1选项

A.ThisfactmakesiteasiertoaccepttheunfamiliarityofWestAfrica,

B.ThisfactmakesWestAfricaseemevenstranger.

C.ThisfactmakesnodifferencetoourreactiontoWestAfrica.

D.Thisfacthasbeengreatlyoveremphasized.

问题2选项

A.kidnappingpeople

B.keepingthespiritsawake

C.humansacrifice

D.keepingthespiritshappy

问题3选项

A.aghost

B.hisfriend

C.thewitches

D.eeriefeelings

问题4选项

A.asortofbird

B.asortofman

C.asortoftree

D.asortofanimal

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】1.根据文章第一段第二句，“thepresenceofWesterncultureseemsmerelytoemphasizethisunfamiliarity”，推断出西非文化似乎表现出得更加陌生，选项B符合题意。

2.根据文章第一段第七句，“tosoothingtheunknownandtheunseen—evilspirits”，可推断一些宗教是为了抚慰那些未知的死去的灵魂。选项D符合题意。

3.根据文章第一段，“IhavemyselfbeenkeptawakeatnightinCalabarbyafriendfromLagos”，可推断我是因为朋友而不能入睡。选项B符合题意。

4.根据文章第一段，“withtheirawkwardexposedroots,tobestandingknee-deepinthewater.”句意：它们的根暴露出来，站立在齐膝深的水中。可推断出mangrove应该是一种树，选项C符合题意。

2.单选题

Itisapopular______thatmoneyalwaysbringshappiness.

问题1选项

A.fallacy

B.creed

C.moral

D.allegory

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项fallacy“谬论，谬误”，B项creed“信条，教义”，C项moral“道德，寓意”，D项allegory“寓言”。根据句子可知空格处要填入一个名词作表语，且后面的that引导同位语对空格处补充说明；根据that从句的意思“金钱总能带来幸福”可知，空格部分填入fallacy符合语境。句意：认为金钱总能带来幸福是一种流行的谬论。因此，该题选择A项正确。

3.单选题

Althoughthetwoplayersare

inthetenniscourt,theyarereallygoodfriendsindailylife.

问题1选项

A.partners

B.enemies

C.rivals

D.opponents

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。Partner“合作伙伴”；enemy“敌人”；rival“竞争对手”；opponent“反对者”。句意：虽然他们在网球赛场上是竞争对手，但是他们私底下是好朋友。选项C符合题意。

4.单选题

Withthepossibleexceptionofequalrights,perhapsthemostheatedargumentacrosstheUnitedStatestodayisthedeathpenalty.Manyarguethatitisaneffectivedeterrenttomurder,whileothersthinkthereisnoenoughproofthatthedeathpenaltyreducesthenumberofmurders.

Theargumentadvancedbythoseopposedtothedeathpenaltyisthatitiscruelandinhumanpunishment,thatitisthemarkofabadsocietyandfinallythatitisofquestionableeffectivenessasadeterrenttocrimeanyway.

Inouropinion,thedeathpenaltyisanecessaryaction.Throughoutrecordedhistorytherehavealwaysbeenthosepeculiarpersonsineverysocietywhomadeterriblecrimessuchasmurder.Butsomearemoredangerousthanothers.

Forexample,itisonethingtotakethelifeofanotherintimeofblindanger,butquiteanothertocoldlyplanandcarryoutthemurderofoneormorepeopleinthestyleofabutcher.Thus,murder,likeallothercrimes,isamatterofrelativedegree.Whileitcouldbearguedwithsomereasonthatthecriminalinthefirstinstanceshouldbemerelykeptfromsociety,suchshouldnotbethefateofthelattertypemurderer.

Thevalueofthedeathpenaltyasadeterrenttocrimemaybeopentodiscussion.Butthemajorityofpeoplebelievethatthedeathpenaltyprotectsthem.Theirbeliefisprovedbythefactthatthedeathpenaltypreventsmurder.Forexample,from1954to1963,whenthedeathpenaltywascarriedoutfromtimetotimeinCalifornia,themurderrateremainedbetweenthreeandfourmurdersforeach100,000population.Since1964thedeathpenaltyhasbeendoneonlyonce,andthemurderratehasrisento10.4murdersforeach100,000population.Thesharpclimbinthestate’smurderrate,whichbeganwhenkillingsstopped,doesnothappenbychance.Itcertainlyshowsthatthedeathpenaltydoesdetermanymurderers.Ifthelawaboutdeathpenaltyisvetoed,somepeoplewillbemurdered—somewhoselivesmayhavebeensavedifthedeathpenaltywereineffect.Thisisreallyalifeordeathmatter.Thelivesofthousandsofpeoplemustbeprotected.

1.Theprincipalpurposeofthispassageisto（

）.

2.Theauthor’sresponsetothosewhourgethedeathpenaltyforallislikelytobe（

）.

3.AccordingtoParagraph4,itcanbeinferredthat（

）.

4.Thepassageattemptstoestablisharelationshipbetween（

）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowards“deathpenalty”is（

）.

问题1选项

A.speakforthemajority

B.initiateaveto

C.criticizethegovernment

D.argueforthevalueofthedeathpenalty

问题2选项

A.negative

B.friendly

C.supportive

D.hostile

问题3选项

A.thedeathpenaltyisthemostcontroversialissueintheUnitedStatestoday

B.thesecondtypeofmurderersshouldbesentencedtodeath

C.thevetoofthebillreestablishingthedeathpenaltyisoflittleimportance

D.thevalueofthedeathpenaltyasadeterrenttocrimeisnottobedebated

问题4选项

A.themurderrateandtheimpositionofthedeathpenalty

B.theeffectsofexecutionandtheeffectsofisolation

C.theimportanceofequalrightsandthatofthedeathpenalty

D.executionsandmurders

问题5选项

A.opposing

B.supporting

C.neutral

D.sarcastic

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。根据文章第一句，“…perhapsthemostheatedargumentacrosstheUnitedStatestodayisthedeathpenalty.”，可知死刑是讨论最激烈的话题，所以文章的主题为死刑。又根据下文，“Manyarguethatitisaneffectivedeterrenttomurder,whileothersthinkthereisnoenoughproofthatthedeathpenaltyreducesthenumberofmurders.”，可知许多人肯定死刑的价值，认为死刑是对谋杀罪的有效震慑，而另一些人则认为死刑没有多大的价值，因为没有足够的证据证明死刑的实施减少了谋杀的数量。又根据文章第三段，“Inouropinion,thedeathpenaltyisanecessaryaction.”，可知作者认为死刑是一项必要的举措。综上可知，整篇文章的主要目的在于为死刑的价值作辩护。选项D符合题意。

2.观点态度题。根据文章第四段，“itisonethingtotakethelifeofanotherintimeofblindanger,butquiteanothertocoldlyplanandcarryoutthemurderofoneormorepeopleinthestyleofabutcher.….Whileitcouldbearguedwithsomereasonthatthecriminalinthefirstinstanceshouldbemerelykeptfromsociety,suchshouldnotbethefateofthelattertypemurderer.”，可知一种是在盲目愤怒的时候夺走别人的生命，一种是以屠夫的方式冷酷地策划和实施对一个或多个人的谋杀。前者可以仅仅通过社会隔离的方式受惩罚，而后者则不然。可知作者认为要根据谋杀程度来选择死刑。所以作者对那些主张对所有人判处死刑的人的反应很可能是否定的。选项A符合题意。

3.判断推理题。根据文章第四段，“Whileitcouldbearguedwithsomereasonthatthecriminalinthefirstinstanceshouldbemerelykeptfromsociety,suchshouldnotbethefateofthelattertypemurderer.”，第一种谋杀罪犯（盲目愤怒的时候夺走别人的生命）应该仅仅被社会隔离，而第二种冷酷地策划和实施对一个或多个人的谋杀的罪犯不应该仅仅被隔离，而是应该被处以死刑。可判断出第二类杀人犯应该被处以死刑。选项B符合题意。

4.判断推理题。根据文章最后一段，“Thesharpclimbinthestate’smurderrate,whichbeganwhenkillingsstopped,doesnothappenbychance.Itcertainlyshowsthatthedeathpenaltydoesdetermanymurderers.”，可知本段用加利福尼亚的例子得出结论。本州谋杀率的上升并非偶然，是死刑停止实施的结果，可以清楚地表明，死刑确实制止了许多谋杀的念头。可判断出作者想要讨论的是死刑的实施和谋杀率的关系。选项A符合题意。

5.观点态度。纵观全文，作者首先在第三段表明自己的观点“死刑是一项必要的举措”，然后在下文通过论述和实例证明，死刑的实施确实有助于抑制谋杀率。可判断出作者对于实施死刑的态度是支持的。选项B符合题意。

5.单选题

Theotherdayanacquaintanceofmine,anoutgoingandcharmingman,toldmehehadfoundhimselfunexpectedlyaloneinNewYorkforanhourortwobetweenappointments.HewenttotheWhitneyandspentthe“empty”timelookingatthingsin（1）solitarydelight.Forhimitprovedtobeashocknearlyasgreatasfallingin（2）todiscoverthathecouldenjoyhimselfsomuchalone.Whathadhebeenafraidof,I（3）myself?That,suddenlyalone,hewoulddiscoverthatlieboredhimself,orthattherewas,quitesimply,noselftheretomeet?Buthavingtakentheplunge,heisnowonthebrinkof（4）;heisabouttobelaunchedintohisowninnerspace,spaceasimmense,unexploredandsometimesfrighteningasouterspacetotheastronaut.Hiseveryperceptionwillcometohimwithanewfreshnessand,foratime,seemstartlinglyoriginal.Foranyone（5）canseethingsforhimselfwithanakedeyebecomes,foramomentortwo,somethingofagenius.Withanotherhumanbeingpresentvisionbecomesdoublevision,inevitably.Wearebusywondering,whatdoesmycompanionseeorthinkofthis,andwhatdoIthinkofit?The（6）impactgetslost,ordiffused.Lonelinessismostacutelyfeltwithotherpeople,forwithothers,（7）withaloversometimes,wesufferfromourdifferencesoftasteandmood.Alonewecanaffordtobewhollywhateverweareandtofeelwhatever（8）feelabsolutely.Thatisagreatluxury!Formethemostinterestingthingaboutasolitarylife,andminehasbeenthatforthelasttwentyyears,isthatitbecomesincreasinglyrewarding.When1canwakeupandwatchthesunriseovertheocean,asIdomostdays,andknowthatIhaveanentiredayahead,uninterrupted,inwhichto（9）afewpages,takeawalkwithmydog,liedownintheafternoonforalongthink(whydoesonethinkbetterina（10）position?),readandlistentomusic,Iamfloodedwithhappiness.

问题1选项

A.very

B.such

C.so

D.much

问题2选项

A.love

B.emotion

C.fancy

D.passion

问题3选项

A.pondered

B.enquired

C.asked

D.thought

问题4选项

A.activity

B.adventure

C.excitement

D.danger

问题5选项

A.who

B.whom

C.that

D.they

问题6选项

A.original

B.basic

C.clear

D.lonely

问题7选项

A.although

B.still

C.even

D.but

问题8选项

A.one

B.they

C.us

D.we

问题9选项

A.inscribe

B.compose

C.cut

D.write

问题10选项

A.horizontal

B.vertical

C.painless

D.motionless

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:A

第7题:C

第8题:D

第9题:D

第10题:A

【解析】1.考查逻辑关系。A选项very表示“非常，很；完全”；B选项such表示“这样的，如此的”；C选项so表示“如此，这么；确是如此”；D选项much表示“非常，很”。第一句中出现了unexpectedlyalone，而空格后的solitary（a.孤独的；独居的）再次提及“孤独”，因此空格处应表示“如此的，这样的”。so和such都可表示“如此的，这样的”。so是副词，修饰形容词和副词；而such是形容词，修饰名词。二者后面都接单数可数名词，但用法不同。so的用法为：so+adj.+a（an）+n.；such的用法为：such+a（an）+adj.+n.。如果后面接复数名词或不可数名词，则只能用such，故B项符合句意。因此，本题正确答案为B项。

2.考查逻辑关系。由第一句中的appointments以及空缺前的great可知这种感觉应宛如“坠入爱河”一般美好，故可构成“fallinlove坠入爱河”的A项正确。B选项emotion表示“情感；情绪”；C选项fancy表示“幻想；想象力；爱好”；D选项passion表示“激情；热情”。

3.考查逻辑关系。根据空缺前“Whathadhebeenafraidof”可知，这是作者反问自己，故C选项ask符合句意。A选项ponder表示“仔细考虑；思考；衡量”；B选项enquire表示“询问；打听；调查”；D选项think表示“想；认为；想起”。

4.考查逻辑关系。A选项activity表示“活动；行动；活跃”；B选项adventure表示“冒险；冒险精祌；投机活动”；C选项excitement表示“兴奋；刺激；令人兴奋的事物”；D选项danger表示“危险；危险物；威胁”。根据空格前havingtakentheplunge（在冒险尝试后）可知，他现在是在冒险，故B选项“冒险”符合句意。

5.考查语法知识。空缺处及之后的canseethingsforhimselfwithanakedeye属于空缺前anyone的后置定语从句。因此，空缺处应为可充当定语从句主语的关系代词，故A项who正确。

6.考查形容词词义辨析。A选项original表示“最初的；开始的；独创的；新颖的”；B选项basic表示“基本的；基础的”；C选项clear表示“清楚的；清澈的；晴朗的；无罪的”；D选项lonely表示“寂寞的；偏僻的”。由上文中的seemstartinglyoriginal以及后文中的Wearebusywondering,whatdoesmycompanionseeorthinkofthis,andwhatdoIthinkofit?可知，如果旁边有别人，我们会急于想知道自己同伴的看法以及自己的观点，因此最初的印象就消失了。故original符合句意，本题正确选项为A项。

7.考查词义辨析。A选项although表示“尽管；虽然；但是；然而”；B选项still表示“仍然；但是；尽管如此”；C选项even表示“甚至；即使”；D选项but表示“但是；然而”。根据句意可知，空缺处后的lover应为空缺前others的进一步说明，故C选项“even”符合语境，因此本题正确答案为C项。

8.考查逻辑关系。And连接两个并列部分，由空缺前“whateverweare”可知，后文应为“whateverwefeel”，故D项we正确。因此，本题正确答案为D项。

9.考查动词词义辨析。A选项inscribe表示“题献；铭记;雕”；B选项compose表示“构成；创作，排版；使平静”；C选项cut表示“切割；剪短；释放”；D选项write表示“书写；写信给；著述”。由空缺后afewpages可知，D选项write符合句意，故本题正确答案为D项。

10.考查形容词词义辨析。A选项horizontal表示“水平的；地平线的；同一阶层的”；B选项vertical表示“垂直的；顶点的；纵向的”；C选项painless表示“无痛的；不痛的”；D选项motionless表示“静止的；不运动的”。由空缺前liedown以及thinkbetter可知，躺着的时候可以更好地思考，故A项horizontal符合句意。因此，本题正确答案为A项。

6.单选题

Whattypeofautomobilewouldyoubuy（）?

问题1选项

A.ifyouhavefreechoicetochoosethecarsavailabletoday

B.Ifyouarefreetochooseamongallthecarsavailabletoday

C.Ifallcarsavailablewasfreetobechosenbyyou

D.Ifyouwerefreetochooseamongallthecarsavailabletoday

【答案】D

【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据题干主句Whattypeofautomobilewouldyoubuy，得知if引导的条件状语从句要用虚拟语气。主语谓语形式是would+动词原形，句子是对现在的虚拟。If条件状语从句应该用动词的过去式(be动词用were而不用was)，所以D选项符合题意。句意：如果你可以在所有的汽车中自由选择，你会买什么类型的汽车？因此，本题的正确选项是D选项。

7.单选题

Theterm“remotesensing”referstothetechniquesofmeasurementandinterpretation

ofphenomenafromadistance.Priortothemid-1960’stheinterpretationoffilmimageswastheprimarymeansforremotesensingoftheEarth’sgeologicfeatures.Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.Theseimagesareconstructedbymechanicallyaligningpictorialrepresentationsofsuchphenomenaasthereflectionoflightwavesoutsidethevisiblespectrum,therefractionofradiowaves,andthedailychangesintemperatureinareasontheEarth’ssurface.Digitalmultispectralimaginghasnowbecomethebasictoolingeologicremotesensingfromsatellites.

Theadvantageofdigitaloverphotographicimagingisevident:theresultingnumericaldataarepreciselyknown,anddigitaldataarenotsubjecttothevagariesofdifficult-to-controlchemicalprocessing.Withdigitalprocessing,itispossibletocombinealargenumberofspectralimages.Theacquisitionofthefirstmultispectraldigitaldatasetfromthemultispectralscanner(MSS)aboardthesatelliteLandsatin1972consequentlyattractedtheattentionoftheentiregeologiccommunity.LandsatMSSdataarenowbeingappliedtoavarietyofgeologicproblemsthataredifficulttosolvebyconventionalmethodsalone.Theseincludespecificproblemsinmineralandenergyresourceexplorationandthechartingofglaciersandshallowseas.

Amorefundamentalapplicationofremotesensingistoaugmentconventionalmethodsforgeologicmappingoflargeareas.Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.Suchreconstructionshaveimportantpracticalapplicationsbecausetheconditionsunderwhichrockunitsandotherstructuralfeaturesareformedinfluencetheoccurrenceoforeandpetroleumdepositsandaffectthethicknessandintegrityofthegeologicmediainwhichthedepositsarefound.

Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements,butthemapsmustbeinterpretativebecausefieldmeasurementsarealwayslimitedbyrockexposure,accessibilityandlaborresources.Withremote-sensingtechniquesitispossibletoobtainmuchgeologicinformationmoreefficientlythanitcanbeobtainedontheground.Thesetechniquesalsofacilitateoverallinterpretation.Sincedetailedgeologicmappingisgenerallyconductedinsmallarea,thecontinuityofregionalfeaturesthathaveintermittentandvariableexpressionsisoftennotrecognized,butinthecomprehensiveviewsofLandsatimagesthesecontinuitiesareapparent.However,somecriticalinformationcannotbeobtainedthroughremotesensing,andseveralcharacteristicsoftheLandsatMSSimposelimitationsontheacquisitionofdiagnosticdata.Someoftheselimitationscanbeovercomebydesigningsatellitesystemsspecificallyforgeologicpurposes;buttobemosteffective,remote-sensingdatamuststillbecombinedwithdatafromfieldsurveysandlaboratorytests,thetechniquesoftheearliertwentiethcentury.

1.Byusingtheword“interpretative”inline32.Theauthorisindicatingwhichofthefollowing?

2.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutgeologicmappingwouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagree?

3.Accordingtothepassage,measurementsofwhichofthefollowingcanbeprovidedbytheoptomechanicalscannerbutnotbyvisible-lightphotography?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatamajordisadvantageofphotographicimagingingeologicmappingisthatsuchphotography.

5.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatLandsatimagesdifferfromconventionalgeologicmapsinthatLandsatimages.

6.ThepassageprovidesinformationabouteachofthefollowingtopicsEXCEPT（

）.

7.Thepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutthe“conventionalmethods”mentionedinline24?

问题1选项

A.Somemapsarebasedmoreondatafromaerialphotographythanondatafromfieldoperations.

B.Somemapsarebasedalmostexclusivelyonlaboratorymeasurements

C.Somemapsarebasedonincompletedatafromfieldobservations.

D.Somemapsshowonlylargegeologicfeatures.

问题2选项

A.Geologicmappingisbasicallyanartandnotascience.

B.Geologicmappinghasnotchangedsignificantlysincetheearly1960’s

C.Geologicmappingwillhavelimitedpracticalapplicationsuntilremote-sensingsystemsareperfected.

D.Adevelopmentalmilestoneingeologicmappingwasreachedin1972.

问题3选项

A.Theamountofvisiblelightreflectedfromoceans.

B.ThedensityoffoliageinremoteareasontheEarth’ssurface.

C.DailytemperaturechangesofareasontheEarth’ssurface.

D.ThedegreeofradioactivityemittedbyexposedrocksontheEarth’ssurface.

问题4选项

A.cannotbeusedatnight.

B.cannotfocusonthedetailsofageologicarea.

C.mustbechemicallyprocessed.

D.isalwaysenhancedbydigitalreconstruction.

问题5选项

A.revealtheexactsizeofpetroleumdepositsandoredeposits.

B.indicatethecontinuityoffeaturesthatmightnototherwisebeinterpretedascontinuous.

C.predictthemovementsofglaciers.

D.providehighlyaccuratedataabouttheoccurrenceofmineraldeposits.

问题6选项

A.theprincipalmethodofgeologicremotesensingpriortothemid-1960*s

B.someofthephenomenameasuredbydigitalmultispectralimagesinremotesensing.

C.someofthepracticalusesofregionalgeologicmaps.

D.thespecificlimitationsoftheLandsatmultispectralscanner.

问题7选项

A.Theyconsistprimarilyoffieldsurveysandlaboratorymeasurements.

B.Theyarenotusefulinprovidinginformationnecessaryforreconstructinggeologicevolution.

C.Theyhaverarelybeenusedbygeologistssince1972.

D.Theyareusedprimarilytogathercompositionalinformationaboutgeologicfeatures.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

第6题:D

第7题:A

【解析】1.根据文章第四段：Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements,butthemapsmustbeinterpretativebecausefieldmeasurementsarealwayslimitedbyrockexposure,accessibilityandlaborresources—地质图采集了数量繁多、形形色的一整套具体的实地测量和实验室测量数据，但是因为实地测量受到岩石裸露、可到达程度以及人力资源的限制，所以这一地质图必须进行分析。确定C选项‘一些地图的数据是来源于实地观察的不完整地数据’正确。

2.根据文章第二段：Theacquisitionofthefirstmultispectraldigitaldatasetfromthemultispectralscanner（MSS）aboardthesatelliteLandsatin1972consequentlyattractedtheattentionoftheentiregeologiccommunity.1972年，安装在Landsat卫星上的多谱线扫描仪传送出来的首批多谱线的数字数据，吸引了整个地学界的注意。确定D选项‘1972年成为地质制图发展的里程碑’正确。

3.根据文章第一段：Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.Theseimagesareconstructedbymechanicallyaligningpictorialrepresentationsofsuchphenomenaasthereflectionoflightwavesoutsidethevisiblespectrum,therefractionofradiowaves,andthedailychangesintemperatureinareasontheEarth’ssurface.随着光机械扫描仪的发展，科学家开始利用那些超出可见光摄影术感知范围的数据构造数字化多谱线图像。这些图像的建造是通过用机械手段对一些现象的图像进行整理，如可见光谱外光波的反射，无线电波的折射以及地球表面一些地区日常温度的变化。确定C选项‘地球表面许多地区温度的日间变化’正确。

4.根据文章第二段：Theadvantageofdigitaloverphotographicimagingisevident:theresultingnumericaldataarepreciselyknown,anddigitaldataarenotsubjecttothevagariesofdifficult-to-controlchemicalprocessing.相对于其它的摄影成像，数字成像的优点是明显的，产生的数字化数据可以被精确地理解，并且不会受到难以控制的化学过程的不规则性的影响。确定C选项‘必须经过化学过程’正确。

5.根据文章第四段：Sincedetailedgeologicmappingisgenerallyconductedinsmallarea,thecontinuityofregionalfeaturesthathaveintermittentandvariableexpressionsisoftennotrecognized,butinthecomprehensiveviewsofLandsatimagesthesecontinuitiesareapparent.由于详尽知地质绘图一般在小的范围内进行，所以那些具有断断续续和多变量的区域特征的连续性就经常不能被认可，但是Landsat卫星的全方位的观察角度，能将这一连续性呈现出来。确定B选项‘指明特征的连续性并不能解释为连续性‘正确。

6.根据文章第一段：Priortothemid-1960stheinterpretationoffilmimageswastheprimarymeansforremotesensingoftheEarth'sgeologicfeatures.在20世纪中叶之前，对胶片的解释是对地球地质特征进行遥感的主要方法。所以A选项‘地质遥感的主要方法在20世纪60年代之前就出现’符合原文。根据文章第一段：Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.随着光机械扫描仪的发展，科学家#始构造数字化多谱线图像，利用那些超出可见光影敏感范围的数据。所以B选项‘出现了在遥感中利用数字化多谱线图像进行测量的现象’符合原文。根据文章第三段：Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.：区域地图向重构地质进化过程，提供了成分、结构及时间顺序等信息。所以C选项‘一些地区地质图有实用性’符合原文。用排除法确定D选项‘Landsat卫星扫描仪有特殊限制‘文中未提及，符合题意。

7.根据文章第三段：Amorefundamentalapplicationofremotesensingistoaugmentconventionalmethodsforgeologicmappingoflargeareas.遥感更基本的应用是增强传统的大范围的地质绘图的方法。Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.区域地图向重构地质进化过程，提供了成分、结构及时间顺序等信息。再根据文章第四段：Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements...地质图采集了数量繁多、形形色的一整套具体的实地测量和实验室测量数据。确定A选项‘它们主要包括实地考察生实验室测量’正确。

8.单选题

Davidtendstofeeluselessandunwantedinasocietythatgivessomuch（）tothosewhoareaggressiveandcompetewell.

问题1选项

A.regime

B.prestige

C.superiority

D.legislature

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项regime“政权；政体；社会制度；管理体制”；B选项prestige“威望；声望；声誉”；C选项superiority“优越；优势”；D选项legislature“立法机关；立法机构”。句意：在一个给予那些有进取心且相当有竞争力的人很多声誉的社会里，大卫倾向于认为自己无用且不被该社会所需要。根据句意可知B选项正确。

9.单选题

Themanagerthinksitadvisablethatsomeadjustment（）withoutdelay.

问题1选项

A.aremade

B.made

C.bemade

D.willbemade

【答案】C

【解析】考查虚拟语气。在以it为形式宾语的复合宾语从句中有advisable时用虚拟语气，其形式为：(shoulD.+动词原形,should可省略。故C项正确。句意：经理认为一些调整应该马上进行，刻不容缓。

10.单选题

Ifwe______ourdifferencefactions,thentogetherwecangainthemajorityinthelegislature.

问题1选项

/r