考研考博-英语-中国矿业大学徐海学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-中国矿业大学徐海学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Hewasextremely（

）bytheillnessofhisdaughter.

问题1选项

A.agitated

B.exploited

C.influenced

D.dominated

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项agitate“使..不安”；B选项exploit“开发”；C选项influence“影响”；D选项dominate“控制，支配”。句意：女儿的疾病使他特别焦虑不安。选项A符合句意。

2.单选题

Green-spacefacilitiesarecontributingtoanimportantextenttothequalityoftheurbanenvironment.Fortunatelyitisnolongernecessarythateverylectureoreverybookaboutthissubjecthastostartwiththeproofofthisidea.Atpresentitisgenerallyaccepted,althoughmoreaself-evidentstatementthanonthebaseofaclosely-reasonedscientificproof.Therecognitionoftheimportanceofgreen-spacesintheurbanenvironmentisafirststepontherightway,thisdoesnotmean,however,thatsufficientdetailsareknownaboutthefunctionsofgreen-spaceintownsandaboutthewayinwhichtheinhabitantsareusingthesespaces.Astothisrathercomplexsubject,Ishall,withinthescopeofthislecture,enterintooneaspectonly,namelytherecreativefunctionofgreenspacefacilities.

Thetheoreticalseparationofliving,working,trafficandrecreationwhichformanyyearshasbeenusedintownandcountryplanning,hasinmyopinionresultedindisproportionateattentionfor,formsofrecreationfarfromhome,whereastherewasrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesinthedirectneighbourhoodofthehome.Wehavecometotheconclusionthatthisisnotright,becauseanimportantpartofthetimewhichwedonotpassinsleepingorworking,isusedforactivitiesaspossible,andthedesignofthesehastobesuchthatmoreobligatoryactivitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect.

Theverybeststandardoflivingisnothingifitisnotpossibletotakeapleasantwalkinthedistrict,ifthechildrencannotbeallowedtoplayinthestreets,becausetherisksoftrafficaretoogreatifduringshoppingyoucannowherefindaspotforenjoyingforamomenttheniceweather,inshort,ifyouonlyfeelyourselfathomeafterthestreet-doorofyourhouseisclosedafteryou.

1.Theauthorsuggeststhattherecreativepossibilitiesofgreenspaceshouldbeprovided（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,green-spacefacilitiesshouldbedesignedinsuchawaythat（）.

3.Themainideaofthepassageisthat（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,theimportanceofgreen-paceintheurbanenvironment（）.

问题1选项

A.inspecialareas

B.inthesuburbs

C.ingardensandparks

D.intheneighborhoodofthehouse

问题2选项

A.recreativeactivitiesmightbebroughtintoourhomes

B.moreandmorepeoplemighthaveaccesstothem

C.anincreasingnumberofrecreativeactivitiesmightbedeveloped

D.moreobligatoryactivitiesmighttakeonarecreativeaspect

问题3选项

A.prioritymustbegiventothedevelopmentofobligatoryactivities

B.attentionmustbedirectedtotheimprovementofrecreativepossibilities

C.theurbanenvironmentisprovidingmorerecreativeactivitiesthanitdidmanyyearsago

D.betteruseofgreen-spacefacilitiesshouldbemadesoastoimprovethequalityofourlife

问题4选项

A.hasbeenfullyrecognized

B.isbeingcloselystudied

C.isusuallyneglected

D.isstillunknown

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“作者认为绿地空间的娱乐发展可能性怎样？”文章第二段提到因为娱乐方式远离居住区，而花在提高居住小区娱乐发展可能性方面的注意力很少（whereastherewasrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesinthedirectneighbourhoodofthehome），因此选项D符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“作者认为绿色空间设施应该怎么样设计？”文章第二段最后一句话提到这些娱乐设施的设计需要能够使得更多的强制性活动也有娱乐的一面（thedesignofthesehastobesuchthatmoreobligatoryactivitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect），因此选项D符合题意。

3.主旨大意题。题目问的是“文章的主要思想是什么？”本文主要讲述了绿地设施的娱乐功能。首先通过介绍绿地设施引出话题，然后运用城乡规划的居住区、工作区、交通和娱乐分离的理论所造成的不足，强调通过提高居住区娱乐发展可能性来改善居民生活，因此选项D“更好地利用绿地设施来提高生活水平”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“在作者看来，绿色空间在城市环境中的重要性……”。文章第一段提到目前人们已经广泛认可了绿地设施的好处，虽然是一种不证自明的说法，还并不是一种经过严密推理的科学证明（Atpresentitisgenerallyaccepted,althoughmoreaself-evidentstatementthanonthebaseofaclosely-reasonedscientificproof），因此选项A“被广泛接受”符合题意。

3.单选题

ThesummersessioninGeorgetownUniversitywasareallywonderfuloccasionwhichwewill（

）formanyyearstocome.

问题1选项

A.discount

B.acquit

C.cherish

D.blur

【答案】C

【解析】考察动词词义辨析。discount“打折扣”；acquit“无罪释放”；cherish“珍惜”；blur“使……模糊不清”。句意：乔治敦大学暑期班是个很棒的场合，我们将在今后的许多年里都会珍惜它。选项C符合题意。

4.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

采取一切有效措施扫清“黄毒”，依法处理相关违法人员。

劳教制度废止后，未触犯刑法的违法者，将由社区采取措施进行矫正。

醉酒驾驶机动车的行为，要追究法律责任。

中国渔政船频繁开赴钓鱼岛，维护国家的合法权益。

打击网络犯罪，保护人民生命和财产安全。

依法行政是实现“中国梦”的根本性制度保障。

【答案】Takealleffectivemeasurestoclearawaythepornographyanddrugsanddealwiththerelevantpersonswhobreaklawsinaccordancewiththelaw.

Aftertheabolishmentofthesystemofreeducationthroughlabor,thecommunitywilltakemeasurestocorrectthelawbreakerswhodonotviolatethecriminallaw.

Todriveamotorvehicleaftergettingdrunkshallbeinvestigatedforlegalresponsibility.

ChinesefisheryadministrationvesselsfrequentlysetoutforDiaoyuislandstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofourcountry.

Crackdownnetworkcrimeandprotectpeople'slivesandproperty.

Toadministerourgovernmentaccordingtolawisanessentialinstitutionalguaranteeforrealizingthe"Chinesedream".

5.单选题

Inlastweek’sTribune,therewasaninterestingletterfromMr.J.StewartCook,inwhichhesuggestedthatthebestwayofavoidingthedangerofa“scientifichierarchy”wouldbetoseetoitthateverymemberofthegeneralpublicwas,asfaraspossible,scientificallyeducated.Atthesametime,scientistsshouldbebroughtoutoftheirisolationandencouragedtotakeagreaterpartinpoliticsandadministration.

Asageneralstatement,Ithinkmostofuswouldagreewiththis,butInoticethat,asusual,Mr.Cookdoesnotdefinescience,andmerelyimpliesinpassingthatitmeanscertainexactscienceswhoseexperimentscanbemadeunderlaboratoryconditions.Thus,adulteducationtends“toneglectscientificstudiesinfavorofliterary,economicandsocialsubjects”,economicsandsociologynotbeingregardedasbranchesofscience,apparent.Thispointisofgreatimportance.Forthewordscienceisatpresentusedinatleasttwomeanings,butthewholequestionofscientificeducationisobscuredbythecurrenttendencytododgefromonemeaningtotheother.

Scienceisgenerallytakenasmeaningeither（a）theexactsciences,suchaschemistry,physics,etc.,or（b）amethodofthoughtwhichobtainsverifiableresultsbyreasoninglogicallyfromobservedfact.

Ifyouaskanyscientist,orindeedalmostanyeducatedperson,“Whatisscience?”Youarelikelytogetananswerapproximatingto（b）.Ineverydaylife,however,bothinspeakingandinwriting,whenpeoplesay“science”theymean（a）.Sciencemeanssomethingthathappensinalaboratory:test-tubesbalances,Bunsenburners,microscopes.Abiologist,anastronomer,perhapspsychologistoramathematician,isdescribedasamanofsciencenoonewouldthinkofapplyingthistermtoastatesman,apoet,ajournalistorevenaphilosopher.Andthosewhotellusthattheyoungmustbescientificallyeducatedmean,almostinvariably,thattheyshouldbetaughtmoreaboutradioactivity,orthestars,orthephysiologyoftheirownbodies,ratherthanthattheyshouldbetaughttothinkmoreexactly.

Thisconfusionofmeaning,whichispartlydeliberate,hasinitagreatdanger,Impliedinthedemandformorescientificeducationistheclaimthatifonehasbeenscientificallytrainedonesapproachtoallsubjectswillbemoreintelligentthanifonehadhadnosuchtraining.Ascientistspoliticalopinions,itisassumed,hisopinionsonsociologicalquestions,onmorals,onphilosophyperhapsevenonthearts,willbemorevaluablethanthoseofalayman.Buta“scientist”,aswehavejustseen,meansinpracticeaspecialistinoneoftheexactsciences.Itfollowsthatachemistorphysicist,assuch,ispoliticallymoreintelligentthanapoetoralawyer.And,infact,therearealreadymillionsofpeoplewhodobelievethis.

Butisitreallytruethata“scientist”,inthisnarrowersense,isanylikelierthanotherpeopletoapproachnon-scientificproblemsinanobjectiveway?Thereisnotmuchreasonforthinkingso.Takeonesimpletest—theabilitytowithstandnationalism.Itisoftenlooselysaidthat“Scienceisinternational,”butinpracticethescientificworkersofallcountrieslineupbehindtheirowngovernmentswithfewerscruplesthanarefeltbythewritersandtheartists.TheGermanscientificcommunity,asawhole,madenoresistancetoHitler.Therewereplentyofgiftedmentodothenecessaryresearchonsuchthingsassyntheticoil,jetplanes,rocketprojectilesandtheatomicbomb.

Ontheotherhand,whathappenedtoGermanliteraturewhentheNaziscametopower?Ibelieveexhaustivelistshavebeenpublished,butIimaginethatthenumberofGermanscientists—Jewapart—whovoluntarilyexiledthemselvesorwerepersecutedbytheregimewasmuchsmallerthanthenumberofwritersandjournalists.Moresinisterthanthis,anumberofGermanscientistsswallowedthemonstrosity（巨大而丑陋的东西）of“racialscience”.

Butdoesthismeanthatthegeneralpublicshouldnotbemorescientificallyeducated?Onthecontrary.Allitmeansisthatscientificeducationforthemasseswilldolittlegood,andprobablyalotofharm,ifitsimplyboilsdowntomorephysics,morechemistry,morebiology,etc.tothedetrimentofliteratureandhistory.It’sprobableeffectontheaveragehumanbeingwouldbetonarrowtherangeofhisthoughtsandmakehimmorethanevercontemptuousofsuchknowledgeashedidnotpossess;andhispoliticalreactionswouldprobablybesomewhatlessintelligentthanthoseofanilliteratepeasantwhoretainedafewhistoricalmemoriesandafairlysoundaestheticsense.

Clearly,scientificeducationoughttomeantheimplantingofarational,skeptical,experimentalhabitofmind.Itoughttomeanacquiringamethod—amethodthatcanbeusedonanyproblemthatonemeets—andnotsimplypilingupalotoffacts.Putitinthosewords,andtheapologistofscientificeducationwillusuallyagree.Presshimfurther,askhimtoparticularize,andsomehowitalwaysturnsoutthatscientificeducationmeansmoreattentiontotheexactsciences,inotherwords—morefacts.Theideathatsciencemeansawayoflookingattheworld,andnotsimplyabodyofknowledge,isinpracticestronglyresisted.Ithinksheerprofessional,jealousyispartofthereasonforthis.

1.Weknowfromthesecondparagraphthattheauthorconsidersthepresentdefinitionoftheword“science”（）.

2.Whenpeoplearetalkingaboutscience,theymayNOTreferto（）.

3.Theauthor,contrastsGermansciencewithClurmanliteraturetosupportviewpointthat（）.

4.Anaveragepersonignorantofhistory,beingcomparedwithanilliteratefarmer,withhistoricalmemoriesistoshowthat（）.

5.Thepassagecanbebestsummarizedas（）.

问题1选项

A.ambiguous

B.ambivalent

C.questionable

D.inappropriate

问题2选项

A.physics

B.physiology

C.philosophy

D.psychology

问题3选项

A.Germanliteraturehaslongbeenpersecutedbythegovernment

B.writersarethemostdisruptiveforceofagovernment

C.scientistsaremoreinclinedtosupporttheirgovernmentsthanwriters

D.Germanscientistsshouldnotbeonthesideoftheracists

问题4选项

A.inscientificeducation,theteachingofhistoryshouldn’tbeneglected

B.historyisimportantforapersonwhowantstobeoutstanding

C.historyisthemostimportantsubjectinscientificeducation

D.inscientificeducation,morehistorycoursesshouldbeprovided

问题5选项

A.contrastingsciencewithliterature

B.explainingwhatscienceis

C.givingabetterdefinitionofscience

D.pointingoutpeoplesmisunderstandingofscience

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。题目问的是“从第二段中可知，作者认为当下对‘科学’这个词的定义是怎样的？”文章第二段最后一句话提到“因为在当下‘科学’的含义至少有两种，但目前人们倾向于从一种含义转向另一种含义，整个科学教育问题模糊不清”(Forthewordscienceisatpresentusedinatleasttwomeanings,butthewholequestionofscientificeducationisobscuredbythecurrenttendencytododgefromonemeaningtotheother)，因此选项A“模糊不清的，模棱两可的”符合题意。ambivalent“矛盾的”；questionable“可疑的，有问题的”；inappropriate“不适当的”。

第2题:2.细节事实题。题目问的是“当人们谈论科学时，他们没有涉及下列哪项？”文章第四段提到生物学家、天文学家，可能是心理学家或数学家，被描述为科学家，而没有人会想到用这个词来形容政治家、诗人、记者甚至哲学家（Abiologist,anastronomer,perhapspsychologistoramathematician,isdescribedasamanofsciencenoonewouldthinkofapplyingthistermtoastatesman,apoet,ajournalistorevenaphilosopher），由此可知人们在谈论科学时，他们不是指哲学，因此选项C符合题意。Physics“物理学”；physiology“生理学”；psychology“心理学”。

第3题:3.推理判断题。题目问的是“作者将德国科学与克鲁曼文学进行对比，来支持下列哪个观点？”文章第六段第四句提到人们常泛泛地说“科学是国际性的”，但实际上所有国家的科学工作者都站在自己政府一边，比作家和艺术家们所感到的顾虑要少得多(Itisoftenlooselysaidthat"Scienceisinternational,"butinpracticethescientificworkersofallcountrieslineupbehindtheirowngovernmentswithfewerscruplesthanarefeltbythewritersandtheartists)。然后将德国科学家与文学家对待纳粹党的态度进行对比，指出前者接受纳粹党，而后者则由于反对而受到迫害的居多，因此选项C“科学家比作家更倾向于支持他们的政府”符合题意。

第4题:4.推理判断题。题目问的是“一个对历史一无所知的普通人，与一个目不识丁的农民相比，用历史的记忆来说明什么？”文章倒数第二段提到对大众的科学教育如果只是注重在物理、化学、生物等方面的教育并没有好处，可能还会有危害。然后提到接受科学教育的一般人的政治反应可能比一个目不识丁的农民的反应要迟钝，因为后者还保留着一些历史记忆和相当健全的审美意识（It’sprobableeffectontheaveragehumanbeingwouldbetonarrowtherangeofhisthoughtsandmakehimmorethanevercontemptuousofsuchknowledgeashedidnotpossess;andhispoliticalreactionswouldprobablybesomewhatlessintelligentthanthoseofanilliteratepeasantwhoretainedafewhistoricalmemoriesandafairlysoundaestheticsense），由此可知作者是为了说明在科学教育中，历史教学不应该被忽略，选项A符合题意。

第5题:5.主旨大意题。题目问的是“这篇文章可以最好地概括为……”。文章开篇由一封信引出科学这个概念，提到科学至少有两种定义，而当下用得比较多的定义是第一种，即精确的科学，比如化学、物理学等；接着提到科学家与文学家的区别，并且举了德国科学与文学之间的区别的例子，这些都是在围绕“科学是什么”这个主题进行的。因此选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

ThegeologyoftheEarth’ssurfaceisdominatedbytheparticularpropertiesofwater.PresentonEarthinsolid,liquid,andgaseousstates,waterisexceptionallyreactive.Itdissolves,transports,andprecipitatesmanychemicalcompoundsandisconstantlymodifyingthefaceoftheEarth.

Evaporatedfromtheoceans,watervaporformsclouds,someofwhicharetransportedbywindoverthecontinents.Condensationfromthecloudsprovidestheessentialagentofcontinentalerosion:rain.Precipitatedontotheground,thewatertricklesdowntoformbrooks,streams,andrivers,constitutingwhatiscalledthehydrographicnetwork.Thisimmensepolarizednetworkchannelsthewatertowardasinglereceptacle:anocean.Gravitydominatesthisentirestepinthecyclebecausewatertendstominimizeitspotentialenergybyrunningfromhighaltitudestowardthereferencepointthatissealevel.

Therateatwhichamoleculeofwaterpassesthroughthecycleisnotrandombutisameasureoftherelativesizeofthevariousreservoirs.Ifwedefineresidencetimeastheaveragetimeforawatermoleculetopassthroughoneofthethreereservoirs—atmosphere,continent,andocean—weseethatthetimesareverydifferent.Awatermoleculestays,onaverage,elevendaysintheatmosphere,onehundredyearsonacontinentandfortythousandyearsintheocean.Thislastfigureshowstheimportanceoftheoceanastheprincipalreservoirofthehydrospherebutalsotherapidityofwatertransportonthecontinents.

Avastchemicalseparationprocesstakesplacesduringtheflowofwateroverthecontinents.Solubleionssuchascalcium,sodium,potassium,andsomemagnesiumaredissolvedandtransported.Insolubleionssuchasaluminum,iron,andsiliconstaywheretheyareandformthethin,fertileskinofsoilonwhichvegetationcangrow.Sometimessoilsaredestroyedandtransportedmechanicallyduringflooding.Theerosionofthecontinentsthusresultsfromtwocloselylinkedandinterdependentprocesses,chemicalerosionandmechanicalerosion.Theirrespectiveinteractionsandefficiencydependondifferentfactors.

1.Accordingtothepassage,cloudsareprimarilyformedbywater（）.

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatthepurposeofthehydrographicnetworkisto（）.

3.Whatdeterminestherateatwhichamoleculeofwatermovesthroughthecycle,asdiscussedinthethirdparagraph?

4.AllofthefollowingareexamplesofsolubleionsEXCEPT（）.

问题1选项

A.precipitatingontotheground

B.changingfromasolidtoaliquidstate

C.evaporatingfromtheoceans

D.beingcarriedbywind

问题2选项

A.determinethesizeofmoleculesofwater

B.preventsoilerosioncausedbyflooding

C.movewaterfromtheEarth’ssurfacetotheoceans

D.regulatetherateofwaterflowfromstreamsandrivers

问题3选项

A.Thepotentialenergycontainedinwater.

B.Theeffectsofatmosphericpressureonchemicalcompounds.

C.Theamountsofrainfallthatfallonthecontinents.

D.Therelativesizeofthewaterstorageareas.

问题4选项

A.magnesium

B.iron

C.potassium

D.calcium.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.Accordingtothepassage,cloudsareprimarilyformedbywater______.1.根据这篇文章，云主要由水______而形成。

A.precipitatingontothegroundA.沉淀到地面上

B.changingfromasolidtoaliquidstateB.从固态变为液态

C.evaporatingfromtheoceansC.从海洋中蒸发

D.beingcarriedbywindD.被风携带

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】从第二段第一句“水蒸气从海洋蒸发后形成云（Evaporatedfromtheoceans），其中一些被风吹过大陆”理解可知，云主要是由水蒸气从海洋蒸发而形成的，C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“沉淀到地面上”和B项“从固态变为液态”形成的是小溪和河流等，属于张冠李戴；

D项“被风携带”，根据解题思路可知，被风携带的是云，并不是水，属于曲解原文。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatthepurposeofthehydrographicnetworkisto______.2.这篇文章表明，水文网络的目的是______。

A.determinethesizeofmoleculesofwaterA.确定水分子的大小

B.preventsoilerosioncausedbyfloodingB.防止洪水造成的土壤侵蚀

C.movewaterfromtheEarth’ssurfacetotheoceansC.将水从地球表面输送到海洋

D.regulatetherateofwaterflowfromstreamsandriversD.调节小溪和河流的水流速率

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据关键词hydrographicnetwork定位至第二段第三和第四句“水沉淀到地面上，涓滴而下形成小溪和河流，构成了所谓的水文网络。这个巨大的极化网络把水引向一个容器：海洋。”，综合理解可知，水文网络的目的是将水输送到海洋里面去，C项符合原文，因此正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“确定水分子的大小”、B项“防止洪水造成的土壤侵蚀”和D项“调节小溪和河流的水流速率”在原文没有提及，属于无中生有。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.Whatdeterminestherateatwhichamoleculeofwatermovesthroughthecycle,asdiscussedinthethirdparagraph?3.如第三段所讨论的，是什么决定了水分子在循环中移动的速率？

A.Thepotentialenergycontainedinwater.A.水中所含的势能。

B.Theeffectsofatmosphericpressureonchemicalcompounds.B.大气压力对化合物的影响。

C.Theamountsofrainfallthatfallonthecontinents.C.降落在各大洲的降雨量。

D.Therelativesizeofthewaterstorageareas.D.蓄水面积的相对大小。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至文章第三段，根据第一句“水分子通过循环的速率不是随机的，而是能测出各个蓄水区的相对大小”，以及倒数第二句“一个水分子在大气中平均停留11天，在大陆上停留100年，在海洋中停留4万年”，综合理解可知，水分子循环的速率是取决于蓄水区的相对大小，所以D项“蓄水面积的相对大小”符合原文。因此，该题选择D项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“水中所含的势能”与重力有关，和题干无关，属于张冠李戴；

B项“大气压力对化合物的影响”和C项“降落在各大洲的降雨量”原文未提及，属于无中生有。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.AllofthefollowingareexamplesofsolubleionsEXCEPT______.4.除了______，以下都是可溶性离子的例子。

A.magnesiumA.镁

B.ironB.铁

C.potassiumC.钾

D.calciumD.钙

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据关键词solubleions定位至第四段第三句“不溶性离子如铝、铁和硅留在原地……”可知，B项“铁”为不溶性离子，不符合题干。因此，该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A项“镁”、C项“钾”和D项“钙”根据第四段第二句“可溶性离子如钙、钠、钾和一些镁被溶解和运输”可知，这三项都符合原文，属于反向干扰。

7.单选题

Aftera37-yearadvertisingcareeratYoung&Rubicam,PeterA.Georgescuisfindingtimetopromoteafewcausesthatareasdeartohim.

Mr.Georgescu,66,whooncemanagedwell-knowncampaignslikethe“SofterSideofSears,”retiredaschairmanandchiefexecutiveofYoung&Rubicamin2000,buthesaysheisnowin“themostwonderfulchapterofmylife.”

Itisanaptmetaphorbecausehisbook,TheSourceofSuccess(Jossey-Bass,$27.95)isbeingpublishedthismonth.ThebookaimstoexplainwhatMr.GeorgescuviewsasthetwomajorchallengesfacingAmerica:economiccompetitionfromtheemergingeconomiesofChinaandIndiaandaneedtofostermorecreativitywithinAmericancompanies.

“Theonlywaythisnationcancompetewiththosethatproducehigh-qualityproductsatalowerpriceisbygeneratingideasthatbuildaspecialrelationshipwithconsumers,”hesaid.“Everyonehasbuildingsandtechnology;thosearecommodities.Theonlyleverageableassetinthefuturewillbecreativity.”

AnyprofitfromhisbookwillgotoacharitycalledBetterChance,whichfindsbrightchildreninsomeofthenation'spoorestneighborhoodsandhelpsthemtoattendoutstandinghighschools,includingprivateprepschoolslikethePhillipsExeterAcademyinNewHampshire.

Mr.Georgescu,anExeteralumnus,receivedabachelor'sdegreeinpoliticalsciencefromPrincetonandanM.B.A.fromStanfordbeforestartingatYoung&Rubicamin1963.

HesaidhecountedhimselfluckytohavegainedadmissiontoExeterin1954,whenhearrivedintheUnitedStatesattheageof15fromhisnativeRomaniaafterspendingsevenyearsinaCommunistlaborcamp.

“Ihadbeencleaningsewers,andIspokelittleEnglish,butsomeonegavemeachance,”hesaid.“Iwanttodothatforotheryoungpeoplewhoaredisadvantaged.”

HealsovolunteersasaboardmemberoftheNewYorkPhilharmonic.Inthebusinessworld,heholdsthetitleofchairmanemeritusofYoung&Rubicamandservesasadirectorforseveralcompanies.

Heandhiswife,Barbara,liveinManhattanandhaveasonandthreegranddaughters.Herisesat6a.m.mostdaystorunfivemiles,partlyalongtheEastRiver.

“That'showItorturemyself,”hesaid.

1.Fromthefirst3paragraphsweknowthatMr.Georgescuis（）.

2.WhatareMr.GeorgescuviewsaboutthemajorchallengesfacingAmerica?

3.AccordingtoMr.Georgescu,thefutureofeconomiccompetitionliesin（）.

4.Wemayinferfromthecontextthat“Exeter”(Line1,Para.6)isthenameof（）.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe（）.

问题1选项

A.anauthor

B.anadvertiser

C.theauthorofthe“SofterSideofSears”

D.chairmanandchiefexecutiveofYoung&Rubicam

问题2选项

A.ChinaandIndia.

B.Competitionandcreativity.

C.Competitionfromtheemergingeconomies.

D.AneedtofostermorecreativitywithinAmericancompanies.

问题3选项

A.goodideas

B.consumers

C.commodities

D.creativity

问题4选项

A.ahighschool

B.acharity

C.asmalltown

D.arefugeeshelter

问题5选项

A.AManager’s37-yearAdvertisingCareer

B.TheSourceofSuccess

C.TwoMajorChallengesFacingAmerica

D.AGratefulStudentReturnstheFavor

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。原文第一段提及，作者曾经是一名广告商，而题干问的是现在的职业，所以选项B错误；“SofterSideofSears”是一场活动不是书名，选项C错误；选项D同样也是他过去的职位，所以不正确。原文第三段提及，他的新书《成功之源》即将出版，由此可知，他是一名作者，所以选项A正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第三段最后一句“ThebookaimstoexplainwhatMr.GeorgescuviewsasthetwomajorchallengesfacingAmerica:economiccompetitionfromtheemergingeconomiesofChinaandIndiaandaneedtofostermorecreativitywithinAmericancompanies.这本书的目的是解释Georgescu所认为的美国面临的两大挑战：来自中国和印度等新兴经济体的经济竞争，以及培养美国公司更多创造力的需要。”简而言之，也就是竞争和创造力。所以选项B正确。

3.词义推断题。根据原文第四段的内容，Mr.Georgescu认为美国要想与那些以较低价格生产高质量产品的国家竞争，唯一的办法就是想出与消费者建立特殊关系的点子。大家都有建筑和技术；这些都是商品。未来唯一可以利用的资产将是创造力。由此可知，选项D正确。

4.词义推断题。上文提及“‘更好机会’的慈善机构帮助一些贫困社区里聪明的孩子上优秀的高中，包括新罕布什尔的菲利普斯埃克塞特学院等私立预科学校。”由此可知，“Exeter”指的是高中学校，所以选项A正确。

5.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要是围绕着Mr.Georgescu的新书《成功之源》展开，所以选项B作为标题更恰当。

8.单选题

We’llcontinuealongtheroad（）byourpresidentsmorethanseventyyearsago.

问题1选项

A.givenout

B.madeout

C.wipedout

D.mappedout

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A选项giveout“发出，排放，公开，分发”；B选项makeout“艰难地看到，理解，填写”；C选项wipeout“消灭”；D选项mapout“认真安排或设计，绘制”。句意：我们将继续沿着我们两国总统七十多年前（）的道路前进。“发出道路/理解道路/消灭道路”都不符合题意，因此D选项正确。

9.单选题

Afterdoingoddjobsforaweek,hegota（

）positionasanoffice-boy.

问题1选项

A.permanent

B.sufficient

C.transparent

D.universal

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。permanent“永久的；不变的”；sufficient“足够的，充分的”；transparent“透明的”；universal“普遍的”。句意：做了一个星期临时工后，他得到了一份办公室固定的工作。选项A符合题意。

10.单选题

Whenhewasindanger,nobodycametohis____.

问题1选项

A.help