考研考博-英语-北京信息职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京信息职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.翻译题

FROMENGLISHTOCHINESE

Happinessissometimesseenasastateofmind.ButthisisnothowAristotleregardsit.“Well-being”,asweusuallytranslatehistermforhappiness,iswhatwemightcallastateofsoul,whichforhiminvolvesnotjustaninteriorconditionofbeing,butadispositiontobehaveincertainways.AsLudwigWittgensteinonceremarked,thebestimageofthesoulisthebody.Ifyouwanttoobservesomeone’sspirit,lookatwhattheydo.HappinessforAristotleisattainedbyvirtue,andvirtueisaboveallasocialpracticeratherthananattitudeofmind.Happinessispartofapracticalwayoflife,notsomeprivateinnercontentment.

【答案】幸福有时被视为一种精神状态。但亚里士多德不这样认为。“幸福”，正如我们通常解释这个术语，我们可以看作为灵魂状态。对他来说，这不仅是个人存在的内在条件，也是一种特定的行为方式。路德维希•维特根斯坦曾说过，人的身体是灵魂的最好图画。如果你想了解某人的“灵魂”，看看他们做了什么。对亚里士多德来说，幸福是通过美德实现的。美德首先是一种社会实践，而不是一种心灵态度。幸福是实际的生活方式的一部分，不是某种私密的内在满足。

2.翻译题

任何形式的脑力锻炼都比窝在沙发上看电视要好。但最能产生积极影响的锻炼活动绝不是简单和轻松的活动：永无休止地玩游戏，或者看历史频道的最新记录长片可能是不够的。就像肌肉越用越强健一样，脑力训练可以使你的心智技能和记忆力保持张力。不要过得太舒服。走出舒适区，时不时挑战一下你的心智技能，比如到你从来没有去过的城市旅游，这会使你在陌生的环境里不断探索。

【答案】【参考译文】AnyformofmentalexerciseisbetterthanwatchingTVonthesofa.Buttheexerciseactivitiesthatcanhavethemostpositiveimpactarebynomeanssimpleandeasyactivities:itmaynotbeenoughtoplaygamesendlesslyorwatchthelatestdocumentaryfeaturefilmsonthehistorychannel.Justasmusclesbecomestrongerwithuse,mentaltrainingcankeepyourmentalskillsandmemoryundertension.Don’tbetoocomfortable.Stepoutofyourcomfortzoneandoccasionallychallengeyourmentalskills,suchastravelingtoacityyouhaveneverbeento,whichwillmakeyouconstantlyexploreinastrangeenvironment.

3.单选题

Somewealthierpeoplehavenotgrownupcaringfortheirsiblings,cousins,niecesandnephews,andhavenoideahowtobatheordressor________ababy.

问题1选项

A.soothe

B.slap

C.sway

D.scrub

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.soothe安慰，抚慰B.slap掌击，拍击

C.sway摇摆，说服D.scrub擦洗，刷洗

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】havenoidea是固定搭配，意为“不知道”，空格处和下文的“ababy（孩子）”构成动宾逻辑，表示不知道一些对待孩子的方法。or连接三个动词，说明空格处应该和“bathe（洗澡）、dress（穿衣）”类似，结合前半句句意“一些较富裕的人在成长过程中没有照顾过（caringfor）他们的兄弟姐妹、堂兄弟姐妹、侄女和侄子”可知，此处说的是照顾孩子过程中的一些事项。soothe指使焦躁不安的人平静下来，在本句中指把哭闹的孩子哄安静，因此A选项soothe“安慰，抚慰”最符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B选项slap“掌击，拍击”指用手掌打某人或某物，不能和“caringfor（照顾）”相对应；

C选项sway“摇摆，说服”指慢慢地从一边移动到另一边或使某人相信某事或做某事，不能和“caringfor（照顾）”相对应；

D选项scrub“擦洗，刷洗”指用力擦来清洗某物，不能和“baby（孩子）”进行搭配。

【句意】一些较富裕的人在成长过程中没有照顾过他们的兄弟姐妹、堂兄弟姐妹、侄女和侄子，他们不知道如何给孩子洗澡、穿衣或哄孩子。

4.单选题

Wehavehasamarvelousholiday.Onlythelasttwodayswereslightly（）byweather.

问题1选项

A.damaged

B.enhanced

C.spoiled

D.diminished

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项damage“损害”；B选项enhance“提高、增强”；C选项spoil“破坏、掠夺”；D选项diminish“减少、缩小”，句意为：我们度过了一个美好的假期。只有最后两天因为天气有点扫兴。C选项符合句意。

5.问答题

TheUSadministrationhasswitchedhesitancyforpopulisminproposingsizeandactivitylimitsonAmerica'slargestbanks.Whiledetailsarestillmissing,possiblybecausenoonereallyknowshowtoimplementsizelimitsorcurbsonproprietarytrading,theintentisclear—bankersmustpay.Itishardtohavemuchsympathyforthebankers,whohavebroughtthepublic'sireonthemselvesthroughincompetenceandthenthroughanoutrageoushastetopaythemselves.Yetoutrageisapoorguidetopublicpolicy.Beyondbeingpunitive,willtheadministration'sproposalshelpreducefinancialsystemrisk?

Considersizelimitfirst.Theideaistoensureinstitutionsarenolongertoobigtofail.Buthowtodefinesize?Whetheryouuseassets,capitalorprofitstherewillbeproblems—bankswilltrytoeconomizeonwhatevermeasureislimited.Crudeassetsizelimits,forexample,wouldprobablyensurealotoffinancialactivityishiddenfromtheregulator,onlytocomebacktolight(andtobalancesheets)attheworstoftimes.Therearemanylegalwaystomasksize.Bankscanofferguaranteestoassetsplacedinoff-balancesheetvehicles,muchliketheconduitsoftherecentcrisis.If,instead,capitalisthemeasure,thenwewillbepushingbankstoeconomizeonitasmuchaspossible,hardlyarecipeforsafety.Andifitisprofits,wewillbeinvitinghealthybankstoparkprofitselsewhere,whilerewardingsicklyonesbyallowingthemtoexpandindefinitely.

Evenifwedosettleonadefinition,itisnotclearthatbeinglargeisnecessaryorsufficientforanentitytobeasystemicrisk.BearStemswouldnotbe"large"bymostcalculations,thoughitwasconsideredconnectedenoughtobesaved.ButVanguard,themutualfundgroup,managesmorethan$l,000bninassetsandwouldprobablynotqualifyassystemic.Notalllargefinancialentitiesareequallytroubling;wouldweincludethemutualfundsoperatedbyabankinitssize?

Also,beingbighasitsvirtues.Somelargerbanksarebetteratdiversifyingandattractingmanagerialtalent(includingriskmanagers).Whileapoorlymanaged$2,000bnbankcreatesimmenseproblemsforthesystem,theproblemscouldbeevengreaterwith100banksof$20bninsize,eachofwhichhastakensimilarrisks.Whatisimportantisnotsizepersebuttheconcentrationandcorrectionofriskinthesystemaswellasthesizeofexposurerelativetocapital.

Insteadofimposingablanketbanoninstitutionsgrowingbeyondacertainsize,regulatorsshouldusemoresubtlemechanismssuchasprohibitingmergersoflargebanksorencouragingthebreak-upoflargebanksthatseemtohaveapropensityforgettingintotrouble.Whiletherearealwaysconcernsaboutwhetherregulatorswillusethesesortsofpowersarbitrarily,theyarenomoredifficultforlegislatorsandcourtstooverseethanarepowersbasedonanti-competitiveconsiderations.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.HowdoesthepublicthinkofbigbanksintheUS?Why?

3.Whatisthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?

4.WhatdoestheexampleofBearStemsshow?

5.Whatdoesthephrase"largebanksthatseemtohaveapropensityforgettingintotrouble"meaninthelastparagraph?

【答案】1.ImplementingsizelimitsonAmerica’slargestbanksisnotthepropersolutiontofinancialrisk.

2.Itishardtohavemuchsympathyforthebankers,becausetheyhavebroughtthepublic'sireonthemselvesthroughincompetenceandthenthroughanoutrageoushastetopaythemselves.

3.Itisnotclearthatbeinglargeisnecessaryorsufficientforanentitytobeasystemicrisk.

4.Crudeassetsizelimits,forexample,wouldprobablyensurealotoffinancialactivityishiddenfromtheregulator,onlytocomebacktolight(andtobalancesheets)attheworstoftimes,becausetherearemanylegalwaystomasksize.

5.Largebanksaremorelikelytogetintotroubleovertheirassetsmanagement.

6.单选题

Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.Alllivingcreatures，especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,buteverythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidaboutabizarreanimalthat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud，feedsalmostcontinuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbepoisonousbutisconsideredsupremelyediblebygourmets?

Forsomefiftymillionyears，despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumberhassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocksbyitstubefeet,underrocksinshallowwater,oronthesurfaceofmudflats.CommonincoolwateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores,ithastheabilitytosuckupmudorsandanddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.

Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddish-browntosand-coloredandnearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usuallythecreaturesarecucumber-shaped—hencetheirname—andbecausetheyaretypicallyrockinhabitants,thisshape,combinedwith(heirflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.

Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveatalowmetabolicrate—feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovidetheirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty.theywoulddevourallthefoodavaila-bleinashorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.

Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs.Whenattacked,itsquirtsallitsinternalorgansintothewater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchastentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched;itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorthewaterbecomestoopolluted.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whyistheshapeofseacucumberimportant?

2.Thefourthparagraphofthepassageprimarilydiscusses（）

3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedefensemechanismsoftheseacucumber?

4.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTcauseaseacucumbertoreleaseitsinternalorgansintothewater?

问题1选项

A.Becauseithelpsthemdigestfood.

B.Becauseithelpsthemprotectthemselvesfromdanger.

C.Becauseitmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughmud.

D.Becauseitmakesthemattractivetofish.

问题2选项

A.thereproductionofseacucumbers

B.thefoodsourcesofseacucumbers

C.theeatinghabitsofseacucumbers

D.threatstoseacucumbers'existence

问题3选项

A.Theyareverysensitivetothesurroundingstimuli.

B.Theyarealmostuseless.

C.Theyrequiregroupcooperation.

D.Theyaresimilartothoseofmostseacreatures.

问题4选项

A.Atouch

B.Food

C.Unusuallywarmwater

D.Pollution

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.”。可知海参的颜色和形状使它们可以藏进裂缝中，可以远离捕食者，更好地保护自己。选项B符合题意。

2.主旨题。根据第四段，“Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight..”。海参的胃口很大，可以昼夜不停地吃。可知第四段主要讨论海参的饮食习惯。选项C符合题意。

3.推断题。根据文章最后一段，“Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched”一受到攻击甚至是触摸，海参把内脏会喷射到水里然后重生，可推断出海参对外界的攻击反应是很灵敏的。选项A符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，“…ifitisattackedoreventouched…ifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorthewaterbecomestoopolluted.”。可知水温、水污染、攻击或者触碰都会使海参有反应。选项B符合题意。

7.单选题

Student:HowlongcanIkeepthebook?

Librarian:_______________

问题1选项

A.Anyperiodlongerthanfourweeks,youwillbefined.

B.Youcancheckitonthecomputeroverthere.

C.Fourweeks,butyoucanrenewitifyouneeditlonger.

D.Atmostfourweeksifyoudon’tmind.

【答案】C

【解析】考查句意理解。这是发生在学生与图书管理员之问的对话，学生问及“图书能保留多长时间”，只有C选项最合适：“四周，但如果需要的话可以续借”故选C。A项“任何超过四周的时间，你都将被罚款”，B项“你可以在那边的电脑上查一下”，D项“如果你不介意的话最多四个星期”，均不符合。

8.单选题

______humanbehaviormaybecausedbyeatingsubstancesthatupsetthedelicatechemicalbalanceinthebrain.

问题1选项

A.Deliberate

B.Consistent

C.Abnormal

D.Primitive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项Deliberate“故意的；从容的”；B选项Consistent“一致的；坚持的”；C选项Abnormal“反常的”；D选项Primitive“原始的；简单的”。句意：______的人类行为可能是由于食用了破坏大脑中微妙的化学物质平衡的物质而引起的。根据语境，大脑化学物质失衡会导致人和平时不同，Abnormal“反常的”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

9.单选题

Somepeoplewanttomakeasmuchmoneyastheycanbecausetheybelievethatmoneycanbringthemfameand（）.

问题1选项

A.directory

B.morality

C.prestige

D.monopoly

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析题。directory"名录,目录";morality"道德;品行";prestige"威望;声誉";monopoly"垄断权。句意：有些人想尽可能多的赚钱，因为他们相信钱可以给他们带来名声和威望。选项C符合句意。

10.单选题

Theterribleaccountingerrorwascorrectedjustbeforetheledgerwas________.

问题1选项

A.audited

B.overlooked

C.endowed

D.registered

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项audited“受审查的；受审计的”；B选项overlooked“被忽视的”；C选项endowed“被赋予的，被捐赠的”；D选项registered“注册的；记名的；登记过的；（家畜等）附有血统证明的”。句意：就在分类账审计之前，这个可怕的计算错误被纠正了。因此A选项正确。

11.单选题

SincethefirstsettlersfromEnglandhadarrivedinVirginiaintheseventeenthcentury,independencefortheUnitedStateswasalongtimecoming.ButevenifEnglandhadnotgiventhecoloniescauseforrebellion,therewouldprobablyhavebeenaseparationfromthemothercountry,fortherootsofAmericanindependencelayinthecharacteroftheAmericancolonists.AnypeoplewhowouldwillinglyforsakethecomfortsandsafetyoftheOldWorldtowrestahomefromthewildernessintherawNewWorldwouldnevertakekindlytoareinontheirliberties.AndEnglandassuredlydidstirthecoloniststorebellionbyitsWritsofAssistance,StampAct,andtaxontea.Further,manyofthecolonistshadneverseenEngland,eitherbeingdescendantsofEnglishsettlersorcomingfromfamiliesrootedinothernations;thus,thetiestoEnglandweretenuousatbest.

Aswithanyexplosivesituation,however,ittookasingleacttoignitethepowderkeg.Thelightforthefusewassupplied"whenEngland'staxedteawasthrownoverboardfromshipsinBostonHarborinDecemberof1773inwhatiscalledtheBostonTeaParty.Englanddemandedpayment,anditsBostonPortActproposedtoclosetheharboruntiltheteawaspaidfor."Withthis,allthirteencoloniesflared.Theysaw,clearly,thatBoston'sfatecouldbetheirown,andthatBoston'sfightwastheirfight.Alone,nocolonycouldprevailagainstEngland.Together,theyhadafightchance.ThemovementtounitebeganatanunofficialsessionoftheVirginiaHouseofBurgessesonMay27,1774.BySeptemberofthissameyeartheFirstContinentalCongressmetandforcedthenucleusofaunion.ThedelegatesagreedtoboycottBritishgoods.BeforetheSecondContinentalCongresscouldholditsfirstmeetingonMay10,1775,theAmericanRevolutionhadbegun.WiththeshotsexchangedbetweenthecolonistsandtheBritishatLexingtonandConcordonApril19,1775,thenationexplodedintowar.ByJunetheAmericanshadanarmywithGeorgeWashingtonasitscommanderinchief.Byspringof1776allthirteencoloniesdelegatestoCongressfeltkeenlythemandateofthepeople.TheSecondContinentalCongressmetinPhiladelphiainJuneandformedacommitteetodrawupaDeclarationofIndependence.ThomasJeffersonwasappointedbythecommitteetodrafttheDeclaration.TheDeclarationasweknowittodaywasunanimouslyadoptedonJuly4,andwassignedonAugust2,1776.

TheDeclarationofIndependencecontainedfiveofthemostearthshakingwordseverwritten,“...allmenarecreatedequal.”Notsincethesigningof...England'sMagnaCartain1215hadsuchanastonishingideafounditswayintothepublicconsciousness.Thedocumenthasoftenbeenconfusedwithadeclarationofwar,whichitdefinitelywasnot,sincewashadexistedbeforeJuly4,1776.ItwasprimarilyastatementofthereasonstotheworldofthecolonistsforwishingindependencefromEngland:Astheworldtookheed,thephrase“...allmenarecreatedequal”stuckinmen'smindsandcouldnotbedislodged.ThefervorforfreedomflamedinFrancewherethatnation'sfirstgreatrevolutionbeganin1789,foughtunderthebannerof“Liberty,Equality,andFraternity.”Later,PresidentAbrahamLincolnwastosay,“IhaveofteninquiredofmyselfwhatgreatprincipleorideaitwasthatkeptthisConfederacysolongtogether.ItwasnotthemerematteroftheseparationoftheColoniesfromthemotherland;butthatsentimentintheDeclarationofIndependencewhichgaveliberty,notalonetothepeopleofthiscountry,but,Ihope,totheworld,forallfuturetime.”

1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,theseparationfromEnglandwas（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?

3.Theword"boycott"inthesecondparagraphmostprobablymeans（）.

4.Whatcanyoulearnfromthelastparagraph?

5.Wecaninferthat（）.

6.Theword"document"inline3ofthelastparagraphrefersto（）.

7.Theword"motherland"refersto（）.

问题1选项

A.inevitable

B.avoidable

C.doomedtofailure

D.reconcilable

问题2选项

A.ThethirteenstatesusedtobecoloniesofEngland.

B.ThomasJeffersonwasappointedtodrafttheDeclarationofIndependence.

C.TheDeclarationofIndependencewasactuallyadeclarationofwar.

D.GeorgeWashingtonwasthecommanderinchiefoftheAmericanarmy.

问题3选项

A.Tobewillingtoaccept

B.Tohesitatetotake

C.Tobreak

D.Torefusetobuy

问题4选项

A.TheDeclarationofIndependencecontained"allmenarecreatedequal".

B.AbrahamLincolnspokehighlyofthedocument.

C.TheDeclarationofIndependencehasafar-reachinginfluenceontheworld.

D.Peoplewerefrightenedbythefivewords.

问题5选项

A.BostonTeaPartystartedthemovementofindependence

B.theDeclarationofIndependencewasdraftedin1215

C.Englandwantedtomakemoneybygoverningthecolonists

D.ThomasJeffersonbecameawritereversincehewrotetheDeclarationofIndependence

问题6选项

A.England'sMagnaCarta

B.DeclarationofIndependence

C.anastonishingidea

D.wayintothepublicconsciousness

问题7选项

A.America

B.Union

C.Colonies

D.England

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

第6题:B

第7题:D

【解析】1.根据第一段的第二句“ButevenifEnglandhadnotgiventhecoloniescauseforrebellion,therewouldprobablyhavebeenaseparationfromthemothercountry...”即使英国没有激发殖民地的起义,美国也很可能会从英国分裂出去,也就是说,美国的独立是无法避免的。选项A正确。

2.根据最后一段第三句“Thedocumenthasoftenbeenconfusedwithadeclarationofwar,whichitdefinitelywasnot,...”可知,选项C不正确。

3.根据上文可知,波士顿倾茶运动是殖民地对英国感到不满,由此引发殖民地团结起来反抗英国。所以,他们对英国的商品是抵制的态度,选项D最符合原文语境。

4.根据最后一段的内容可知,选项A是原文中的事实；选项C中根据林肯总统说的hope可推断出《独立宣言》暂时只是对美国产生了深远的影响,还没有影响到世界；选项D表述错误；选项B林肯总统对《独立宣言》给予了高度的评价,符合原文。

5.根据第二段前半部分可知,波士顿茶党是对殖民地进行反抗,没有涉及到独立,所以选项A不正确；根据原文可知,《独立宣言》是于1776年起草的,1215年颁布的是英国的《大宪章》,所以选项B也错误；选项D在文中没有提及；选项C英国想通过统治殖民者来赚钱,正确。

6.根据上下文可知,人们常常将这个文件和《宣战书》混为一谈,实际上它并不是。由此可知,这个文件指的是《独立宣言》

7.根据原文可知,这里指美国从英国独立出来,所以“motherland”指的是英国,选项D正确。

12.单选题

Asitisknowntotheworld,___amother-daughterbusinessventurewon’tbeeasy.

问题1选项

A.breathlifeinto

B.breathinglifeinto

C.breathelifeinto

D.breaththelivinginto

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.breathlifeinto呼吸生活B.breathinglifeinto给某事带来活力

C.breathelifeinto给某事带来活力D.breaththelivinginto把活着的人呼入

【考查点】固定搭配。

【解题思路】固定短语breathelifeinto给某事带来活力。该句谓语动词是won’tbe该句缺少主语。因此，这里是动名词短语做主语。B选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】众所周知，给母女企业注入活力并非易事。

13.单选题

Inthatmoviean（）spacecrafthoveredthecityforashotwhilebeforeitvanishedinthedistance.

问题1选项

A.alien

B.animated

C.allergic

D.ambiguous

【答案】A

【解析】alien外国的,外星人的；animated活生生,活泼的；allergic对...过敏的；ambiguous模糊不清的。句意：电影中一艘外星人的飞船在城市上空盘旋了一会儿,然后消失在远处。选项A符合句意。

14.单选题

Hadtheexplosionbrokenout,thepassengersintheplaneshouldhavebeenkilled,foritwas（

）timedwiththeplane'stake-off.

问题1选项

A.spontaneously

B.instantaneously

C.simultaneously

D.conscientiously

【答案】C

【解析】副词辨析题。A选项的spontaneously“自发地，非筹划安排地”；B选项的instantaneously“即刻，突如其来地”；C选项的simultaneously“同时地”；D选项的conscientiously“凭良心地，认真地，负责尽职地”。根据句意‘如果炸弹爆炸，飞机上的乘客就会被炸身亡。因为这是一个与飞机起飞同步的定时爆炸的炸弹’确定C选项正确。

15.单选题

They（）thehallwithpictures.

问题1选项

A.adorned

B.ornamented

C.supplied

D.trimmed

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。adorn“装饰”，一般指为了“美观”而装饰；ornament“装饰，修饰”，多指比较“浮夸”的装饰品，通常在描述很大的豪宅时用ornament比较多；supply“提供，供应”；trim“修剪，切除”。句中指的是用画来装饰大厅，所以选项A更恰当。

16.单选题

Theageofthegeneralpractitionerisover.Moreandmoregraduatesofmedicalschoolstendto（

）,thatis,toconcentrateonlimitedareasoftheirresearch.

问题1选项

A.generalize

B.rationalize

C.study

D.specialize

【答案】D

【解析】考察动词词义辨析。generalize“概括”；rationalize“使合理化”；study“研究，学习”；specialize“专攻”。句意：全科医生的时代过去了。越来越多的医科学校的毕业生倾向于专攻，即专心把精力集中在有限的领域。选项D符合题意。

17.单选题

The（）ofthewordisunknown,butitiscertainlynotfromGreek.

问题1选项

A.origin

B.generation

C.descent

D.cause

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项origin“起源、来源”，往往与过去的活动、风俗、事件等有关；B选项generation“产生、发生”，通常经过生产、操作等过程；C选项descent“遗传，派生，世系”；D选项cause“原因，因由”，一般指某事件、后果等的起因。句意：那个词的起源虽不为人所知，但肯定不是来自希腊语。因此A选项正确。

18.单选题

IntheChinesehousehold,grandparentsandotherrelativesplay（）rolesin

raisingchildren.

问题1选项

A.incapable

B.indispensable

C.insensible

D.infinite

【答案】B

【解析】句意：在中国家庭里，（外）祖父母和其他亲戚在抚养孩子的过程中充当（）的角色。A选项incapable无能力的；B选项indispensable不可缺少的；绝对必要的；C选项insensible无感觉的；D选项infinite无限的，B选项indispensable符合句意。

19.单选题

Afterfouryearsinthesamejobhisenthusiasmfinally（

）.

问题1选项

A.deteriorated

B.dissipated

C.dispersed

D.drained

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。deteriorate“恶化”；dissipate“浪费”；disperse“分散”；drain“排水；耗尽”。句意：在同一份工作上干了四年，他对工作的热情慢慢耗尽了。选项D符合题意。

20.单选题

Nevertryinghishandathaikuorrhymingverse,Tannerisadedicatedwriterof_____whoprefersparagraphs,plotlines,andfully-developedcharacterization.

问题1选项

A.metaphor

B.prose

C.euphemism

D.catharsis

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项“暗喻；隐喻”，B项“散文”，C项“委婉语”，D项“宣泄”，根据句意：坦纳从不尝试俳句或押韵诗，他是一位专注的作家，喜欢段落、情节和充分发展的人物塑造。因此只有B项符合。

21.单选题

Heisamongthoseluckystudentswhohavewon（

）tofirst-rateuniversity.

问题1选项

A.permission

B.admittance

C.profession

D.admission

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他是那些能幸运地进入一流大学的学生中的一员。

考查近义词辨析。permission允许，许可，一般用于givesb.permissiontodosth.允许某人做某事;admittance进入，入场权（尤指公共场所）;profession职业，声明，宣布；admission入学，承认,录用。因此D符合句意。

22.单选题

Theeveofthehurricaneappearstobetranquil.

问题1选项

A.calm

B.noisy

C.spiral

D.transparent

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.calm平静的B.noisy吵闹的

C.spiral螺旋形的D.transparent透明的

【答案】A

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】划线词前面部分的语义为“飓风来临的前夕似乎是____”，由此可知，该词是形容飓风来临之前的情况的，根据常识可知，暴风雨来临之前都是平静的，A选项calm“平静的”最符合原句语义衔接。原词tranquil“平静的”。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】飓风来临的前夕似乎很平静。

23.单选题

OneofthelargestearthquakeseverrecordedhitonBoxingDay2004.TheresultingtsunamidevastatedhugeswathsoftheIndianOceancoastlineandleftanestimatedquarterofamillionpeopledeadacrossIndonesia,SriLanka,IndiaandThailand.Aidagenciesquicklyarrivedtohelpbatteredandtraumatisedsurvivors.

MentalhealthcarewasamassivepartoftheemergencyresponsebuttheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)promptlydidsomethingithasneverdonebeforeorsince.Itspecificallydenouncedatypeofpsychologicaltherapyandrecommendedthatitshouldn’tbeused.Thetherapywasasinglesessiontreatmentcalled“psychologicaldebriefing”，whichinvolvedworkingwithdisastervictimstoencouragepeopletosupposedly“process”theintenseemotionsbytalkingthroughtheminstages.Itwasintendedtopreventlatermentalhealthproblemsbyhelpingpeopleresolvedifficultemotionsearlyon.Theonlytroublewasthatitmadethingsworse.Studieshadshownthatpeoplegivenpost-disasterpsychologicaldebriefingweresubsequentlymorelikelytosuffermentalhealthproblemsthanpeoplewhohadhadnotreatmentatall.

Guidancefromtheworld’smostinfluentialhealthauthorityhadlittleeffect,andthetherapywasextensivelyused.Thereluctancetodothingsdifferentlywastiedupwithsomeoftheleast-appreciatedfactsaboutourreactionstodisaster.Inourtrauma-focusedsociety,itisoftenforgottenthatthemajorityofpeoplewhoexperiencetheravagesofnaturaldisaster,becomethevictimsofviolenceorloselovedonesintragedywillneednoassistancefrommentalhealthprofessionals.

Mostpeoplewillbeshakenup,distressedandbereaved,butthesearenaturalreactions,notinthemselvesdisorders.Onlyaminorityofpeople一rarelymorethan30%inwel