考研考博-英语-四川财经职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川财经职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn’taffecther.Priestlyexplainshowthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant’ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowstodepartmentstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.

Thistop-downconceptionofthefashionbusinesscouldn’tbemoreoutofdateoratoddswiththefeverishworlddescribedinOverdressed,ElizabethCline’sthree-yearindictmentof"fastfashion”.Inthelastdecadeorso,advancesintechnologyhaveallowedmass-marketlabelssuchasZara,H&M.andUniqlotoreacttotrendsmorequicklyandanticipatedemandmoreprecisely.Quickerturnaroundsmeanlesswastedinventory,morefrequentrelease,andmoreprofit.Theselabelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable—meanttolastonlyawashortwo,althoughtheydon’tadvertisethat~andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks.Byofferingon-trenditemsatdirt-cheapprices,Clineargues,thesebrandshavehijackedfashioncycles,shakinganindustrylongaccustomedtoaseasonalpace.

Thevictimsofthisrevolution,ofcourse,arenotlimitedtodesigners.ForH&Mtooffera$5.95knitminiskirtinallits2,300-plusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wageoverseaslabor,orderinvolumesthatstrainnaturalresources,andusemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.

Overdressedisthefashionworld’sanswertoconsumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichaelPollan’sTheOmnivore’sDilemma.“Mass-producedclothing,likefastfood,fillsahungerandneed,yetisnondurableandwasteful,”Clineargues.Americans,shefinds,buyroughly20billiongarmentsayear~about64itemsperperson~andnomatterhowmuchtheygiveaway,thisexcessleadstowaste.

TowardstheendofOverdressed,Clineintroducedherideal,aBrooklynwomannamedSarahKateBeaumont,whosince2008hasmadeallofherownclothes―andbeautifully.ButasClineisthefirsttonote,ittookBeaumontdecadestoperfecthercraft;herexamplecan’tbeknockedoff.

Thoughseveralfast-fashioncompanieshavemadeeffortstocurbtheirimpactonlaborandtheenvironment—includingH&M,withitsgreenConsciousCollectionline—Clinebelieves

lastingchangecanonlybeeffectedbythecustomer.Sheexhibitstheidealismcommontomanyadvocatesofsustainability,beitinfoodorinenergy.Vanityisaconstant;peoplewillonlystartshoppingmoresustainablywhentheycan’taffordto.

1.Priestlycriticizesherassistantforher（

）.

2.AccordingtoCline,mass-marketlabelsurgeconsumersto

（

）.

3.Theword“indictment”(Line3,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

5.Whatisthesubjectofthetext?

问题1选项

A.poorbargainingskill

B.insensitivitytofashion

C.obsessionwithhighfashion

D.lackofimagination

问题2选项

A.combatunnecessarywaste

B.shutoutthefeverishfashionworld

C.resisttheinfluenceofadvertisements

D.shopfortheirgarmentsmorefrequently

问题3选项

A.accusation

B.enthusiasm

C.indifference

D.tolerance

问题4选项

A.Vanityhasmoreoftenbeenfoundinidealists.

B.Thefast-fashionindustryignoressustainability.

C.Peoplearemoreinterestedinunaffordablegarments.

D.Pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendlypurchasing.

问题5选项

A.Satireonanextravagantlifestyle

B.Challengetoahigh-fashionmyth

C.Criticismofthefast-fashionindustry

D.Exposureofamass-marketsecret

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。由题干关键词Priestlycriticizesherassistant定位至第一段:Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn’taffecther(在2006年的电影版‘穿普拉达的女王’中，由MerylStreep扮演的MirandaPriestly因猜想高级时尚没有影响自己没有魅力的助手而斥责她),因此可推知B项“对时尚不敏感”正确。

2.细节事实题。第二段指出:Theselabelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable―meanttolastonlyawashortwo,althoughtheydon’tadvertisethat—andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks(这些服装品牌怂恿有时尚意识的'消费者将衣服看成是一次性的（意味着只洗一次或两次，尽管这些品牌没有做那样的广告），且每隔几周就去更新自己的服装)。因此D项“更频繁地为自己买衣服”正确。

3.词义题。单词“indictment”后面的句子提到:Theselabelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable—meanttolastonlyawashortwo,althoughtheydon’tadvertisethat―andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks(这些服装品牌公恵有时尚意识的消级者将衣服看成是一次性的（意味着只洗一次或两次，尽管这些品牌没有做那样的广告），且每隔几周就去更新自己的服装)。因此推测“indictment”在这里有“控告”的意思；故选A。

4.判断推理题。最后一段:Vanityisaconstant;peoplewillonlystartshoppingmoresustainablywhentheycan’taffordto(虚荣心是一种不变的事物；人们在自己不能承担去购买东西时才会开始更可持续性地购物)。由此可推知D项“价格对有利于环境的购物是至关重要的”正确。

5.主旨大意题。由全文主要围绕“批评快时尚行业浪费资源、劳动力，且污染环境”进行分析和论述可推知C项“批评快速时尚行业”正确。

2.翻译题

Noyoungmanbelievesheshalleverdie.ThereisafeelingofEternityinyouth,whichmakesusamendsforeverything.TobeyoungistobeoneoftheImmortalGods.Onehalfoftimeindeedisflown-theotherhalfremainsinstoreforuswithallitscountlesstreasures;forthereisonlinedrawn,andweseenolimittoourhopesandwishes.Wemakethecomingageourown.“Thevast,theunboundedprospectliesbeforeus.”Welookroundinanewworld,fulloflife,andmotion,andceaselessprogress;andfeelinourselvesallthevigorandspirittokeeppacewithit,anddonotforeseefromanypresentsymptomshowweshallbeleftbehindinthenaturalcourseofthings,declineintooldage,anddropintothegrave.

【答案】没有年轻人相信自己会死去。青春有一种永恒的感觉，能弥补所有的一切。年轻就像不朽之神。诚然，生命的一半已经消逝，但蕴藏着不尽财富的另一半还有所保留，因为我们始终抱着无限的希望和愿望。未来的时代完全属于我们。“无限辽阔的远景在我们面前展现。”我们看到四周一派新天地——生机盎然，无限变换，日新月异；我们觉得自己充满活力，精神饱满，与梦想并驾齐驱。而且，眼前也无任何迹象可以证明，在大自然的发展过程中，我们自己也会落后，变得变老，进入坟墓。

3.单选题

Thefinaldocumentwas,ofcourse,supposedtomendthedamage（

）upontheworldbythewar.

问题1选项

A.imposed

B.impressed

C.compelled

D.compressed

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。impose“把…强加于”；impress“给予…印象”；compel“强迫，迫使”；compress“压缩”。句意：当然，最终的文件应该去修复战争强加给世界的损害。imposeupon“强加给…”为固定搭配。答案A

4.单选题

Mymotherraisedmeasbestasshecould,takingonoddjobsintheneighborhoodformoney.Stillwithoutafathertotellmehowtoactandwhatwasexpectedofme,Ifeltlost.IwanderedforyearsandgotinvolvedwithtoughguysontheEastSideofNewYork.Theywouldfightmadlyoveradroppedcoin.Theywouldstealtogetwhattheywanted.Iwantedtobelikethem.

ItwasluckyformethatIleftthecityandenteredaworldofdiscipline,afterfollowingmymother’sadvice.Duringthreeyearsofmilitaryservice,Ihadtimetorethinkmylife,andmythoughtsoftenrantomymother.IrealizedsuddenlyjusthowmuchofaheartacheImusthavebeentoher,howlittleIhadnoticedhersuffering.Whenmyfatherleftthisworld,mymotherwascompletelyalone.Tosupportus,mymothercleanedapartmentsandtookinwashingandironingfromtheneighbors.Andassheworkedhardatthislabor,shekeptherheadhigh.Eachweekshewouldbringapileofbookshomefromthelibraryandreadtous.Mymotherhadwantednothingmorethanformetoturnintoanhonestresponsibleman.ButIhadactedagainsther.Finally,almosttoolateIhadthesensetofeelshame.

TenyearspassedandIreturnedtotheapartmentontheEastSide.IknewIwouldn’tfallbackinwiththewrongpeople,althoughIstillwasn’tsurewhereIwasheading.Mymother,Icouldtellwasworriedaboutme.Inmyneighborhood,tobecomeapoliceofficerorafirefighterwasamarkofsignificantsocialsuccessandachievement.Formeitwasanopportunityforarealstartinlife.IwonderedifIwasuptoit,butIknewthatitwastimetotry.WhenIfoundmyselfinthebighallraisingmyhandstotakethefirefighter’soathofoffice,mymotherwassittingafewrowsbehindwithasmileofrelief.SheknewthatatlastIwasoffonlife’sroadandmovingsteadily.Hersmilesaid,“Myjobisfinallydone.”

1.Fromthisstory,wemayguessthattheEastSideofNewYorkmustbea（）area.

2.Theauthorusedtobehavehimself（）.

3.Fromthecontext,weunderstandthat“oddjobs”inthefirstparagraphrefertojobs（）.

4.Inthefirstsentenceofthesecondparagraph,theauthorsays“Itwasluckyformethat...”Theluckyexperiencehetalksabouthereishisexperienceof（）.

5.WhatisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

问题1选项

A.commercial

B.rich

C.poor

D.distant

问题2选项

A.oddly

B.toughly

C.remarkably

D.badly

问题3选项

A.ofcleaning,washingandironing

B.whicharenotregularorfixed

C.whichonecanmakeextramoneywith

D.withhousework

问题4选项

A.thethreeyearsofmilitaryservice

B.leavingaworldofdiscipline

C.leavingthecityandhismother

D.fightingwithtoughguys

问题5选项

A.Afterherhusbanddied,hismotherdidallavailablejobstosupportthefamily.

B.Theauthorwassurprisedthathewasacceptedasafirefighter.

C.Theauthorfinallyrealizedthathismotheralwayswantedhimtobeanhonestandresponsibleman.

D.Infaceofpoverty,hismotherneverloweredherhead.Shebravelystruggledon.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.根据第一段“Theywouldfightmadlyoveradroppedcoin.Theywouldstealtogetwhattheywanted.”他们会为一枚掉在地上的硬币疯狂地打斗,他们会去偷想要的东西。由此可以推断,这个地区很贫穷,选项C正确。

2.信息推断题。根据第二段的首句“ItwasluckyformethatIleftthecityandenteredaworldofdiscipline,...”我很幸运,在听从了母亲的建议后,我离开了这座城市,进入了一个有纪律的世界。根据“discipline”可推测,作者以前的表现应该是badly,选项D最恰当。

3.事实细节题。根据关键词定位到第一段,可知“oddjobs”是母亲做的工作。再根据第二段“Tosupportus,mymothercleanedapartmentsandtookinwashingandironingfromtheneighbors.”所以选项A符合原文。

4.事实细节题。根据第二段的第二句“Duringthreeyearsofmilitaryservice,Ihadtimetorethinkmylife,...”可知,作者觉得幸运的经历是在部队服役的三年经历。选项A正确。

5.信息推断题。根据第二段后半部分的内容可知选项A和D正确;根据第二段最后三句“Mymotherhad...thesensetofeelshame.”可知选项C也正确;所以本题选B。

5.单选题

Itisobviousthatthisapplicabletoeveryonewithout______.

问题1选项

A.exception

B.excision

C.modification

D.substitution

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.exception一般情况以外的人（或事物）；例外B.excision切除；删除

C.modification改进；改变D.substitution代替；替换

【答案】A

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键信息applicabletoeveryone（适用于每一个人）可知，每个人都适用，也就是说没有一个例外，withoutexception是常见用法，表示“无例外地，全部”，故该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】显然，这适用于每个人，无一例外。

6.不定项选择题

Ifyouwerelikemostchildren,youprobablygotupsetwhenyourmothercalledyoubyasibling’s(兄弟姐妹的)name.Howcouldshenotknowyou?Diditmeanshelovedyouless?

Probablynot.Accordingtothefirstresearchtotacklethistopichead-on,misnamingthemostfamiliarpeopleinourlifeisacommoncognitive(认知的)errorthathastodowithhowourmemoriesclassifyandstorefamiliarnames.

Thestudy,publishedonlineinAprilinthejournalMemoryandCognition,foundthatthe“wrong”nameisnotrandombutisinvariablyfishedoutfromthesamerelationshippond:children,siblings,friends.Thestudydidnotexaminethepossibilityofdeeppsychologicalsignificancetothemistake,sayspsychologistDavidRubin,“butitdoestelluswho’sinandwho’soutofthegroup.”

Thestudyalsofoundthatwithinthatgroup,misnamingsoccurredwherethenamessharedinitialorinternalsounds,likeJimmyandJoanieorJohnandBob.Physicalresemblancebetweenpeoplewasnotafactor.Norwasgender.

Theresearchersconductedfiveseparatesurveysofmorethan1,700people.Someofthesurveysincludedonlycollegestudents;othersweredonewithamixed-agepopulation.Someaskedsubjectsaboutincidentswheresomeoneclosetothem—familyorfriend—hadcalledthembyanotherperson’sname.Theothersurveysaskedabouttimeswhensubjectshadthemselvescalledsomeoneclosetothembythewrongname.Allthesurveysfoundthatpeoplemixedupnameswithinrelationshipgroupssuchasgrandchildren,friendsandsiblingsbuthardlyevercrossedtheseboundaries.

Ingeneral,thestudyfoundthatundergraduateswerealmostaslikelyasoldpeopletomakethismistakeandmenaslikelyaswomen.Olderpeopleandwomenmadethemistakeslightlymoreoften,butthatmaybebecausegrandparentshavemoregrandchildrentomixupthanparentshavechildren.Also,mothersmaycallontheirchildrenmoreoftenthanfathers,giventraditionalgendernorms.Therewasnoevidencethaterrorsoccurredmorewhenthemisnamerwasfrustrated,tiredorangry.

1.Howmightpeopleoftenfeelwhentheyweremisnamed?

2.WhatdidDavidRubin’sresearchfindaboutmisnaming?

3.Whatismostlikelythecauseofmisnaming?

4.Whatdidthesurveysofmorethan1,700subjectsfindaboutmisnaming?

5.Whydomothersmisnametheirchildrenmoreoftenthanfathers?

问题1选项

A.Unwanted.

B.Unhappy.

C.Confused.

D.Indifferent.

问题2选项

A.Itisrelatedtothewayourmemorieswork.

B.Itisapossibleindicatorofafaultymemory.

C.Itoccursmostlybetweenkidsandtheirfriends.

D.Itoftencausesmisunderstandingsamongpeople.

问题3选项

A.Similarpersonalitytraits.

B.Similarspellingsofnames.

C.Similarphysicalappearance.

D.Similarpronunciationofnames.

问题4选项

A.Itmoreoftenthannothurtsrelationships.

B.Ithardlyoccursacrossgenderboundaries.

C.Itismostfrequentlyfoundinextendedfamilies.

D.Itmostoftenoccurswithinarelationshipgroup.

问题5选项

A.Theysuffermorefrustrations.

B.Theybecomewornoutmoreoften.

C.Theycommunicatemorewiththeirchildren.

D.Theygenerallytakeonmoreworkathome.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。题干意思是“当人们的名字被叫错时，他们会有什么感觉？”。根据第一段第一句Ifyouwerelikemostchildren,youprobablygotupsetwhenyourmothercalledyoubyasibling’sname.（如果你和大多数孩子一样，当你的母亲用兄弟姐妹的名字叫你时，你可能会感到沮丧）可知，当人们的名字被叫错时，他们会感到沮丧；所以B项“不开心”正确。A项“不受欢迎的”、C项“困惑”和D项“冷漠”都不准确。因此，该题选择B项正确。

第2题:细节事实题。题干意思是“关于误称，大卫鲁宾的研究有何发现？”。根据第三段Thestudy,publishedonlineinAprilinthejournalMemoryandCognition,foundthatthe“wrong”nameisnotrandombutisinvariablyfishedoutfromthesamerelationshippond:children,siblings,friends.（这项4月份在线发表在《记忆与认知》杂志上的研究发现，“错误”的名字并非随机产生的，而是来自于同一个关系池：孩子、兄弟姐妹、朋友）可知，叫错名字通常发生在姊妹和朋友之间，所以C项“它主要发生在孩子和他们的朋友之间”正确。A项“这与我们的记忆工作方式有关”这不属于大卫鲁宾的研究的发现；B项“它可能是一个内存故障的指示器”没有提到；D项“它经常引起人们之间的误解”这不是研究的发现。因此，该题选择C项正确。

第3题:细节事实题。题干意思是“最可能导致误称的原因是什么？”。根据第四段Thestudyalsofoundthatwithinthatgroup,misnamingsoccurredwherethenamessharedinitialorinternalsounds,likeJimmyandJoanieorJohnandBob.Physicalresemblancebetweenpeoplewasnotafactor.Norwasgender.（研究还发现，在这组人中，如果名字的首字母或内部发音相同，就会出现误称，比如吉米和琼妮或约翰和鲍勃；人与人之间的外貌相似不是一个因素，性别也不是）可知D项“名字发音相似”正确；C项“相似的外貌”错误；A项“相似的性格特征”文中没有提到；B项“名字的相似拼写”，文中只是提到相同的首字母，不代表名字相似。因此，该题选择D项正确。

第4题:细节事实题。题干意思是“对1700多名受试者的调查发现了什么？”。根据题干定位到文章第五段，最后一句指出Allthesurveysfoundthatpeoplemixedupnameswithinrelationshipgroupssuchasgrandchildren,friendsandsiblingsbuthardlyevercrossedtheseboundaries.（所有的调查都发现，人们混淆了关系群体中的名字，比如孙辈、朋友和兄弟姐妹，但很少跨越这些界限），可知这个调查发现人们会出现误称大多都是混淆了关系群体中的名字，所以D项“它最经常发生在一个关系组”正确。A项“它往往会伤害人际关系”，表述与原文完全不符；B项“它几乎不会跨越性别界限”，文章提到的是很少跨越关系群体这个界限，B项表述不准确；C项“它在大家庭中最常见”，表述比较片面，关系群体包括孙辈、朋友和兄弟姐妹等。因此，该题选择D项正确。

第5题:细节事实题。题干意思是“为什么母亲比父亲更经常给孩子叫错名字？”。根据文章倒数第二句Also,mothersmaycallontheirchildrenmoreoftenthanfathers,giventraditionalgendernorms.（此外，由于传统的性别规范，母亲可能比父亲更经常与孩子交流）可知，C项“与孩子交流更多”正确。最后一句提到Therewasnoevidencethaterrorsoccurredmorewhenthemisnamerwasfrustrated,tiredorangry.（没有证据表明，误称者在沮丧、疲惫或生气时更容易出错）可知，误称名字和沮丧、疲惫或生气没什么关系，所以A项“她们遭受更多的挫折”、B项“她们更容易疲惫”和D项“她们通常在家里承担更多的工作”均不符合题意。因此，该题选择C项正确。

7.单选题

（

）wecontinuetoworkhard,wecanfinishthetaskaheadofschedule.

问题1选项

A.Assoonas

B.Asfaras

C.Solongas

D.Sofaras

【答案】C

【解析】考察固定搭配。assoonas一…就；asfaras至于；sofaras到目前为止；solongas“只要”，句意：我们只要继续努力工作，就能在计划之前完成工作。选项C符合句意。

8.单选题

Tobe（

）withyou,Ithinkyou’remakingadreadfulmistakebyrefusingtocooperate.

问题1选项

A.frank

B.pertinent

C.mild

D.vivid

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。tobefrank为固定搭配，意为“老实说，坦率地说”。

句意：坦率地跟你说，我认为你拒绝合作是犯了一个可怕的错误。选项A正确。

9.单选题

Accordingtothelawwhichhelaterproduced,everythingintheuniverseattractseverythingelsetowards（）.

问题1选项

A.it

B.everything

C.itself

D.each

【答案】C

【解析】考查反身代词的用法。反身代词itself与主语everything形成互指关系，表示向它自身的方向吸引另一物体。选项C符合句意。句意：根据他后来提出的定律，宇宙中的一切事物相互间都彼此吸引。

10.单选题

Thebasiccausesareunknown,althoughcertainconditionsthatmayleadtocancerhavebeen（）•

问题1选项

A.identified

B.guaranteed

C.notified

D.conveyed

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析。句意：尽管人们已经

可能导致癌症的某些条件，但是仍不知道根本的原因。

Identify鉴别，识别；guarantee保证，担保；notify通知，布告；convey传达，传递。所以，A项identify符合句意。

11.单选题

What’stheonewordofadviceawell-meaningprofessionalwouldgivetoarecentcollegegraduate?China?India!Brazil?Howabouttrade?

WhentheCommerceDepartmentreportedlastweekthatthetradedeficitinJuneapproached$50billion,itsetoffanewroundofeconomicdoomsaying.Imports,whichsoaredto$200.3billioninthemonth,aresubtractedinthecalculationofgrossdomesticproduct.Thelargerthetradedeficit,thesmallertheGDP.Shouldsuchimbalancescontinue,pessimistssay,theycouldcontributetoslowergrowth.

Butthere’sanotherwayoflookingatthetradedata.Overthepasttwoyears,thefiguresonimportsandexportsseemnottosignaladouble-diprecession—areneweddeclineinthebroadlevelofeconomicactivityintheUnitedStates—butaneconomicexpansion.

Therisingvolumeoftrade—moregoodsandservicesshuttlinginandoutoftheUnitedStates—isgoodnewsformanysectors.Companiesengagedinshipping,trucking,railfreight,delivery,andlogisticshaveallbeenreportingbetterthanexpectedresults.Therisingnumberssignifygrowingvitalityinforeignmarkets—whenweimportmorestuff,itputsmorecashinthehandsofpeoplearoundtheworld,andU.S.exportsarerisingbecausemoreforeignershavetheabilitytobuythethingsweproduceandmarket.Therisingtideoftradeisalsogoodnewsforpeoplewhoworkintradesensitivebusinesses,especiallythosethatproducecommoditiesforwhichglobaldemandsetstheprice—agriculturalgoods,mining,metals,oil.

Andwhileexportsalwaysseemtolag,U.S.companiesarebecomingmoreinvolvedintheglobaleconomywitheachpassingmonth.GeneralMotorssellsasmanycarsinChinaasinAmericaeachmonth.Whilethatmaynotdomuchforimports,itdoeshelpGM’sbalancesheetandhencemakestheJobsofU.S.-basedexecutivesmorestable.

OnegreatchallengefortheU.S.economyisslackdomesticconsumerdemand.Americansarepayingdowndebt,savingmore,andspendingmorecarefully.That’stobeexpected,givenwhatwe’vebeenthrough.Butthere’sabiggerchallenge.CanU.S.-basedbusinesses,largeandsmall,figureouthowtogetapieceofgrowingglobaldemand?UnlessyouwanttopickupandmovetoIndiaorBrazil,orChina,thebestwaytodothatisthroughtrade.Itmayseemobvious,butit’snolongerenoughsimplytodobusinesswithourfriendsandneighborshereathome.

Companiesandindividualswhodon’thaveastrategytoexportmore,ortogetmoreinvolvedinforeignmarkers,ortoplayaroleinglobaltrade,areshuttingthemselvesoutofthelion’sshareofeconomicopportunityinourworld.

1.HowdopessimistsinterprettheU.S.tradedeficitinJune?

2.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthetradedataofthepasttwoyears?

3.Whoparticularlybenefitfromtherisingvolumeoftrade?

4.WhatisoneofthechallengesfacingtheAmericaneconomy?

5.Whatistheauthor’sadvicetoU.S.companiesandindividuals?

问题1选项

A.ItreflectsAmerican’spreferenceforimportedgoods.

B.ItsignifiesachangeinAmericaneconomicstructure.

C.ItistheresultofAmerican’sgrowingfocusondomesticmarket.

D.Itcouldleadtoslowergrowthofthenationaleconomy.

问题2选项

A.ItindicatesthateconomicactivitiesintheU.S.haveincreased

B.ItshowsthatU.S.economyisslippingfurtherintorecession.

C.Itsignalsdecreasingdomesticdemandforgoodsandservices.

D.Itreflectsthefluctuationsintheinternationalmarket.

问题3选项

A.Peoplewhohaveexpertiseininternationaltrade.

B.Consumerswhofavorimportedgoodsandservices.

C.Producersofagriculturalgoodsandrawmaterials.

D.Retailerdealinginforeigngoodsandservices.

问题4选项

A.Competitionfromoverseas.

B.People’sreluctancetospend

C.Slacktradeactivities

D.Decreasingproductivity

问题5选项

A.Toimportmorecheapgoodsfromdevelopingcountries.

B.Tomovetheircompaniestowherelaborischeaper.

C.Toincreasetheirmarketshareoverseas.

D.Tobealerttofluctuationsinforeignmarkets.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第二段最后一句，“Shouldsuchimbalancescontinue,pessimistssay,theycouldcontributetoslowergrowth.”，可知悲观主义者认为，如果这种失衡继续下去，可能会导致经济增长放缓。可判断出悲观主义者认为美国6月份的贸易逆差导致国民经济增长放缓。因此选项D符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据文章第三段第二句，“Overthepasttwoyears,thefiguresonimportsandexportsseemnottosignaladouble-diprecession—areneweddeclineinthebroadlevelofeconomicactivityintheUnitedStates—butaneconomicexpansion.”，可知过去两年，进出口数据似乎没有显示出二次衰退的迹象，即美国经济活动水平的再次下降，而数据显示是经济扩张。可判断出对于两年的贸易数据，表明美国的经济活动有所增加。因此选项A符合题意。

3.细节事实题。根据文章第四段，“Therisingtideoftradeisalsogoodnewsforpeoplewhoworkintradesensitivebusinesses,especiallythosethatproducecommoditiesforwhichglobaldemandsetstheprice—agriculturalgoods,mining,metals,oil.”，可知对那些从事贸易行业的人来说，贸易上涨也是一个好消息，尤其是那些生产大宗商品，这些商品的价格由全球的需求多决定，如农产品、矿业、金属和石油。可判断出，贸易上涨最受益的是农产品和原材料生产者。因此选项C符合题意。

4.细节事实题。根据文章第四段第一二句，“OnegreatchallengefortheU.S.economyisslackdomesticconsumerdemand.Americansarepayingdowndebt,savingmore,andspendingmorecarefully.”，可知美国经济面临的一个巨大挑战是国内消费需求疲软。美国人正在偿还债务，增加储蓄，从而更加谨慎地消费。可判断出美国经济面临的最大的挑战是人们不愿意消费。因此选项B符合题意。

5.观点态度题。根据文章最后一段，“Companiesandindividualswhodon’thaveastrategytoexportmore,ortogetmoreinvolvedinforeignmarkers,ortoplayaroleinglobaltrade,areshuttingthemselvesoutofthelion’sshareofeconomicopportunityinourworld.”，可知作者提出那些没有增加、没有更多参与国外市场、没有在全球贸易中发挥作用的公司和个人，正在把自己推离于世界经济机会的最大份额之外。可判断出作者是建议公司和个人更多参与国外市场和国际贸易，以此来增加海外的市场份额。因此选项C符合题意。

12.单选题

Allthepeoplepresentagreedthatshe’ddoneasuperbjobpromotingthenewproductandthatshe（）everywordofthepraisefromhercolleagues.

问题1选项

A.placed

B.presented

C.bestowed

D.deserved

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项placed“放置；任命”；B选项presented“提出；展现”；C选项bestowed“赋予；授予”；D选项deserved“值得；应得”。句意：所有在场的人都一致认为她很出色地完成了营销新产品的工作，同事们对她的每一句赞美都是她……的。因为她出色的完成了工作，她应该得到所有的赞美和荣誉。故D选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Creatingsomuchconfusion,Jasonrealizedhehadbettermake（

）whathewastryingtotelltheaudience.

问题1选项

A.exclusive

B.explicit

C.objective

D.obscure

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。exclusive“独有的，排外的”；explicit“明确的，清楚的”；objective“客观的”；obscure“不清楚的，隐蔽的”。句意：在造成诸多困惑后，杰森意识到自己最好把试图告诉听众的事情弄清楚。由Creatingsomuchconfusion可知Jason最好是把这些困惑给弄清楚。答案B

14.单选题

Hisargumentdoesnotsuggestthatmankindcan____tobewastefulintheutilizationoftheseresources.

问题1选项

A.resort

B.grant

C.afford

D.entitle

【答案】C

【解析】上下文语义。A选项resort“（~to诉诸；求助于）”；B选项grant“（指正式地或法律上）同意，准许；（勉强）同意”；C选项afford“负担得起；承担得起（后果）”；D选项entitle“使享有权利，使符合资格，常用被动”。句意：他的论点并不是说人类可以____浪费在利用这些自然资源时。原文从句不是被动语态，可排除D选项；且原文从句主语是人类，B选项grant在使用时也应使用被动语态，排除；A选项后面通常是某种方式后手段，而本句空格后是“浪费”，不符合，排除；C选项代入，“他的论点并不是说人类承担得起在利用这些自然资源时浪费的后果”，符合语境。因此，本题最佳选项为C。

15.单选题

Thatstoryyouhavejusttold______meofanexperienceIoncehad.

问题1选项

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