考研考博-英语-惠州城市职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-惠州城市职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Neonisanelementwhichdoesnotcombinereadilywithanyotherelement;becauseofthisproperty,itiscalledan（

）element.

问题1选项

A.expensive

B.adjacent

C.active

D.inactive

【答案】D

【解析】expensive昂贵的；adjacent邻近的；active积极的，活跃的；inactive不活跃的，怠惰的。句意：氖是一种不易与其他元素化合的元素；由于这个属性，它被称为不活跃元素。选项D符合句意。

2.单选题

Menoccasionallystumbleoverthetruth,butmostofthempickthemselvesupandhurryoffasifnothingeverhappened.

问题1选项

A.stopover

B.takeover

C.tripover

D.slideover

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项stopover“中途停留；暂留”；B选项takeover“接管；接收”；C选项tripover“被……绊倒”；D选项slideover“略过；回避”。句意：人们偶尔会在真理面前……，但大多数人会爬起来就匆匆离去，好像什么事也没有发生过。根据后面的关键信息pickthemselvesup“自己爬起来”，一般人们会在摔倒后自己爬起来。因此C选项符合题意。

3.单选题

Butiflanguagehabitsdonotrepresentclasses,asocialstratificationintosomethingasbygoneas“aristocracy”and“commons”,theydostillofcourseservetoidentifysocialgroups.Thisissomethingthatseemsfundamentalintheuseoflanguage.Asweseeinrelationtopoliticalandnationalmovements,languageisusedasabadgeorabarrierdependingonwhichwaywelookatit.Thenewboyatschoolfeelsoutofitatfirstbecausehedoesnotknowtherightwordsforthings,andawe-inspiringpunditsofsixorsevenlookdownonhimfornotbeingawarethatracksymeans“dilapidated”，orhairy“outfirstball”.Theminertakesacertainprideinbeing“oneup”onthevisitorornovicewhocallsthecagea“lift”orwhothinksthatmenworkinginawarmseamareintheir“underpants”whenanyoneoughttoknowthatthegarmentsarecalledhoggers.The“insider”isseldomdispleasedthathislanguagedistinguisheshimfromthe“outsider”.

Quiteapartfromspecializedtermsofthiskindingroups,tradesandprofessions,thereareallkindsofstandardsofcorrectnessatwhichmostofusfeelmoreorlessobligedtoaim,becauseweknowthatcertainkindsofEnglishinviteirritationordownrightcondemnation.Ontheotherhand,weknowthatotherkindsconveysomekindofprestigeandbearawelcomecachet.

Inrelationtothesocialaspectsoflanguages,itmaywellbesuggestedthatEnglishspeakersfallintothreecategories,theassured,theanxiousandtheindifferent.Atoneendofthisscale,wehavethepeoplewhohave“position”and“status”,andwhothereforedonotfeeltheyneedworrymuchabouttheiruseofEnglish.TheireducationandoccupationmakethemconfidentofspeakinganunimpeachableformofEnglish:nofearofbeingcriticizedorcorrectedislikelytocrosstheirminds,andthisgivestheirspeechthatcharacteristicallyunselfconsciousandeasyflowwhichisoftenenvied.

Attheotherendofthescale,wehaveanequallyimperturbableband,speakingwithasimilardegreeofcarelessease,becauseeveniftheyareawarethattheirEnglishiscondemnedbyothers,theyaresupremelyindifferenttothefact.TheMrs.Mopsofthisworldhaveactiveandefficienttonguesintheirheads,andifwehappenednottoliketheirwaysofsayingthings,well,we“canlumpit”.Thatistheirattitude.Curiouslyenough,writersareinclinedtorepresentthespeechofboththeseextremepartieswith-inforing.Intheonehand,“we’regoin‘huntin’’，mydearsir”；ontheother,“we’regoin‘racin’,mate”

Inbetween,accordingtothisview,wehaveafarlessfortunategroup,theanxious.TheseactivelytrytosuppresswhattheybelievetobebadEnglishandassiduouslycultivatewhattheyhopetobegoodEnglish.Theylivetheirlivesinsomedegreeofnervousnessovertheirgrammar,theirpronunciation,andtheirchoiceofwords:sensitive,andfearfulofbetrayingthemselves.KeepingupwiththeJonesesismeasurednotonlyinhouses,furniture,refrigerators,cars,andclothes,butalsoinspeech.

Andthemisfortuneofthe“anxious”doesnotendwiththeirinneranxiety.Theirlotisalsotheopenorveiledcontemptofthe“assured”onthesideofthemandofthe“indifferent”ontheother.

Itisalltooeasytoraiseanunworthylaughattheanxious.Thepeoplethusuncomfortablystiltedonlinguistichighheelssooftenformpartofwhatis,inmanyways,themostadmirablesectionofanysociety:theambitious,tense,inner-drivenpeople,whoarebenton“goingplacesanddoingthings”.Thegreaterthepity,then,ifadisproportionateamountoftheirenergygoesintowhatMr.Sharplesscalled“thisshabbyobsession”withvariantformsofEnglish—especiallyifthenetresultis(assooften)merelytosoundaffectedandridiculous.”Here,accordingtoBacon,“isthefirstdistemperoflearning,whenmenstudywordsandnotmatterItseemstomethatPygmalion’sfrenzyisagoodemblem...ofthisvanity:forwordsarebuttheimagesofmatter;andexcepttheyhavelifeofreasonandinvention,tofallinlovewiththemistofallinlovewithapicture.”

1.Theattitudeheldbytheassuredtowardslanguageis.（

）.

2.Theanxiousareconsideredalessfortunategroupbecause（

）.

3.TheauthorthinksthattheeffortsmadebytheanxioustocultivatewhattheybelieveisgoodEnglishare（

）.

问题1选项

A.critical

B.anxious

C.self-conscious

D.nonchalant

问题2选项

A.theyfeeltheyaresociallylookeddownupon

B.theysufferfrominternalanxietyandexternalattack.

C.theyareinherentlynervousandanxiouspeople.

D.theyareunabletomeetstandardsofcorrectness

问题3选项

A.worthwhile

B.meaningless

C.praiseworthy

D.irrational

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

【解析】1.文章第三段对theassured进行了描述，这类人对自己的英语很自信，不需要为自己说英语而担心（donotfeeltheyneedworrymuchabouttheiruseofEnglish）。所以他们对语言应该是非常淡定的，选项D符合题意。

2.文章倒数第二段提到他们由焦虑带来的不幸不仅仅只是忍受内在的焦虑，而且还要遭受来自自信派和冷漠派的谴责。由此可知，他们遭受了内外煎熬。选项B符合题意。

3.文章最后一段对焦虑派的描述是：他们把过多的精力放到对变形了的英语，由disproportionateamountoftheirenergy,variantformsofEnglish,和thisshabbyobsession等可以看出作者认为焦虑派所做的努力是不明智的，选项D符合题意。

4.单选题

Itusedtobesostraightforward.Ateamofresearchersworkingtogetherinthelaboratorywouldsubmittheresultsoftheirresearchtoajournal.Ajournaleditorwouldthenremovetheauthors’namesandaffiliationsfromthepaperandsendittotheirpeersforreview.Dependingonthecommentsreceived,theeditorwouldacceptthepaperforpublicationordeclineit.Copyrightrestedwiththejournalpublisher,andresearchersseekingknowledgeoftheresultswouldhavetosubscribetothejournal.

Nolonger.Theinternetandpressurefromfundingagencies,whoarequestioningwhycommercialpublishersaremakingmoneyfromgovernment-fundedresearchbyrestrictingaccesstoit,ismakingaccesstoscientificresultsareality.TheOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD)hasjustissuedareportdescribingthefar-reachingconsequencesofthis.Thereport,byJohnHoughtonofVictoriaUniversityinAustraliaandGrahamVickeryoftheOECD,makesheavyreadingforpublisherswhohave,sofar,madehandsomeprofits.Butitgoesfurtherthanthat.Itsignalsachangeinwhathas,untilnow,beenakeyelementofscientificendeavor.

Thevalueofknowledgeandthereturnonthepublicinvestmentinresearchdepends,inpart,uponwidedistributionandreadyaccess.Itisbigbusiness.InAmerica,thecorescientificpublishingmarketisestimatedatbetween$7billionand$11billion.TheInternationalAssociationofScientific,TechnicalandMedicalPublisherssaysthattherearemorethan2,000publishersworldwidespecializinginthesesubjects.Theypublishmorethan1.2millionarticleseachyearinsome16,000journals.

Thisisnowchanging.AccordingtotheOECDreport,some75%ofscholarlyjournalsarenowonline.Entirelynewbusinessmodelsareemerging;threemainoneswereidentifiedbythereport’sauthors.Thereistheso-calledbigdeal,whereinstitutionalsubscriberspayforaccesstoacollectionofonlinejournaltitlesthroughsite-licensingagreements.Thereisopen-accesspublishing,typicallysupportedbyaskingtheauthor(orhisemployer)topayforthepapertobepublished.Finally,thereareopen-accessarchives,whereorganizationssuchasuniversitiesorinternationallaboratoriessupportinstitutionalrepositories.Othermodelsexistthatarehybridsofthesethree,suchasdelayedopen-access,wherejournalsallowonlysubscriberstoreadapaperforthefirstsixmonths,beforemakingitfreelyavailabletoeveryonewhowishestoseeit.Allthiscouldchangethetraditionalformofthepeer-reviewprocess,atleastforthepublicationofpapers.

31.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthordiscusses（）

32.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheOECDreport?

33.Accordingtothetext,onlinepublicationissignificantinthat（）

34.Withtheopen-accesspublishingmodel,theauthorofapaperisrequiredto（）

35.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthetext?

问题1选项

A.thebackgroundinformationofjournalediting.

B.thepublicationroutineoflaboratoryreports.

C.therelationsofauthorswithjournalpublishers.

D.thetraditionalprocessofjournalpublication.

问题2选项

A.Itcriticizesgovernment-fundedresearch.

B.Itintroducesaneffectivemeansofpublication.

C.Itupsetsprofit-makingjournalpublishers.

D.Itbenefitsscientificresearchconsiderably.

问题3选项

A.itprovidesaneasieraccesstoscientificresults.

B.itbringshugeprofitstoscientificresearchers.

C.itemphasizesthecrucialroleofscientificknowledge.

D.itfacilitatespublicinvestmentinscientificresearch.

问题4选项

A.coverthecostofitspublication.

B.subscribetothejournalpublishingit.

C.allowotheronlinejournalstouseitfreely.

D.completethepeer-reviewbeforesubmission.

问题5选项

A.TheInternetisposingathreattopublishers.

B.Anewmodeofpublicationisemerging.

C.Authorswelcomethenewchannelforpublication.

D.Publicationisrenderedeasierbyonlineservice.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】31.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】主旨大意题。本段没有明显的主题句，因此需要根据句子所陈述的意思概括出该段落的主旨大意。结合各句的含义可知，第一段主要是描述了过去学术期刊的出版过程及特点，因此D选项“期刊出版的传统过程”正确。

32.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】判断推理题。根据第二段第四句Thereport,byJohnHoughtonofVictoriaUniversityinAustraliaandGrahamVickeryoftheOECD,makesheavyreadingforpublisherswhohave,sofar,madehandsomeprofits（澳大利亚维多利亚大学的约翰•霍顿和经济合作与发展组织的格雷厄姆•维克里共同撰写的这份报告让那些迄今已获得可观利润的出版商们读起来费劲）可推断出，出版商们“读起来费劲”显然不是因为读不懂，而是因为这个报告触及了他们的利益，因此C选项“这让盈利的期刊出版商感到不安”正确。

33.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】判断推理题。根据第二段第二句中的Theinternetandpressurefromfundingagencies...ismakingaccesstoscientificresultsareality（互联网和来自资助机构的压力正在使获取科学结果成为现实），以及第三段第一句Thevalueofknowledgeandthereturnonthepublicinvestmentinresearchdepends,inpart,uponwidedistributionandreadyaccess（知识的价值和对公共研究投资的回报，在某种程度上取决于广泛的分配和方便的获取）可以推断出，知识的价值在于其广泛传播和即时获取，而互联网使得科学成果的容易获取变成现实，因此互联网在线出版的重大意义在于“它使人们更容易获得科学成果”，A选项正确。

34.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第四段第五句Thereisopen-accesspublishing,typicallysupportedbyaskingtheauthor(orhisemployer)topayforthepapertobepublished（一种是开放获取出版，通常要求作者或其雇主为论文的出版付费）可知，A选项“支付出版的费用”正确。

35.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】主旨大意题。本文从客观的角度，介绍了新的出版方式（由此可知B选项“出现了一种新的出版模式”正确），并没有表露作者的观点，也没有从传统的出版社的角度来表示互联网是一种威胁，因此可以分别排除C选项、A选项；D选项“在线服务使发布变得更容易”本文并未提及，因此排除D选项。

5.不定项选择题

(1)Thesourcesofanti-Christianfeelingweremanyandcomplex.Onthemoreintangibleside,therewasageneralpiqueagainsttheunwantedintrusionoftheWesterncountries;therewasanunderstandabletendencytoseekanexternalscapegoatforinternaldisordersonlytangentiallyattributabletotheWestandperhapsmostimportant,therewasaviriletraditionofethnocentricism,ventedlongbeforeagainstIndianBuddhism,whichsincetheseventeenthcentury,focusedonWesternChristianity.Accordingly,evenbeforethemissionarymovementreallygotunderwayinthemid-nineteenthcentury,itwasalreadyatadisadvantage.After1860,asmissionaryactivityinthehinterlandexpanded,itquicklybecameapparentthatinadditiontotheintangibles,numeroustangiblegroundsforChinesehostilityabounded.

(2)Inpart,theverypresenceofthemissionaryevokedattack,theywere,afterall,thefirstforeignerstoleavethetreatyportsandventureintotheinterior,andforalongtimetheywerevirtuallytheonlyforeignerswhosequotidianlaborscarriedthemtothefarthestreachestheChineseempire.Formanyoftheindigenouspopulation,therefore,themissionarystoodasauniquelyvisiblesymbolagainstwhichoppositiontoforeignintrusioncouldbevented.Inpart,too,themissionarywasattackedbecausethemannerinwhichhemadehispresencefeltafter1860seemedalmostcalculatedtooffend.ByindignantlywagingbattleagainstthenotionthatChinawasthesolefountainheadofcivilizationand,moreparticularly,byhisassaultonmanyfacetsofChineseculture,themissionarydirectlyunderminedtheculturalhegemonyofthegentryclass.Also,incountlessways,heposedathreattothegentry’straditionalmonopolyofsocialleadership.Missionaries,particularlyCatholics,frequently,assumedthegarboftheConfucianliterati.Theyweretheonlypersonsatthelocallevel,asidefromthegentrywhowerepermittedtocommunicatewiththeauthoritiesassocialequals,andtheyenjoyedanextraterritorialstatusintheinteriorthatgavethemgreaterimmunitytoChineselawthanhadeverbeenpossessedbythegentry.

(3)AlthoughitwastheavowedpolicyoftheChinesegovernmentafter1860thatthenewtreatiesweretobestrictlyadheredto,inpracticeimplementationdependedonthewholeheartedaccordprovincialauthorities.Thereisabundantevidencethatcooperationwasdilatory.Attherootofthislaytheinteractivenatureofrulerandruled.

(4)Inaseverelyunderstaffedbureaucracythatruledasmuchbysuasionasbymight,theofficial,almostalwaysastrangerinthelocalityofhisservice,dependedontheactivecooperationofthelocalgentryclass.Energeticattemptstoimplementtreatyprovisionsconcerningmissionaryactivities,indirectdefianceofgentrysentiment,rantheriskofalienatingthisclassanddestroyingfutureeffectiveness.

36.Inavagueway,anti-Christianfeelingstemmedfrom（）.

37.Theauthorwouldagreethat（）.

38.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthoragree?

39.Missionaries（）.

40.Provincialauthorities（）.

问题1选项

A.themerepresenceofinvaders

B.ageneralizedunfocusedfeeling

C.theintroductiontotheWest

D.noneoftheabove

问题2选项

A.manyproblemsinChinacamefrominternaldisordersduetoWeasterninfluence.

B.manyproblemsinChinacamefromChinaitselfandwereunrelatedtotheWest.

C.scapegoatsperformanecessaryfunctionandthereshouldbemoreofthem.

D.alloftheabovearetrue.

问题3选项

A.Ethnocentricismisamanlytradition.

B.ThedisdaintowardChristianitywasprefiguredbyadisdaintowardBuddhism.

C.AlthoughChristianitywasnotwellreceivedinChina,Buddhismwas.

D.TheauthorwouldagreewithAandC.

问题4选项

A.oftendressedthesamewayasChinesescholarsdid

B.werefreeofthelegalconstraintsthatboundthelocalindigenouspopulation

C.hadgreateraccesstoauthoritythanChinesepeasants

D.maybedescribedbyalloftheabove

问题5选项

A.cooperatedfullywiththecentralgovernment’spolicy

B.werealivetolocalfeelings

C.wereobligedtodeterminewhetherlocalsentimenttoleratedimplementation

D.maybedescribedbyBandC.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】36.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“以一种模糊的方式来看，反基督教情绪来源于……”。根据文章第一段Thesourcesofanti-Christianfeelingweremanyandcomplex.Onthemoreintangibleside,therewasageneralpiqueagainsttheunwantedintrusionoftheWesterncountries;therewasanunderstandabletendencytoseekanexternalscapegoatforinternaldisordersonlytangentiallyattributabletotheWestandperhapsmostimportant,therewasaviriletraditionofethnocentricism,ventedlongbeforeagainstIndianBuddhism,whichsincetheseventeenthcentury,focusedonWesternChristianity.（反基督教情绪的来源很多，而且很复杂。在更难以捉摸的方面，人们普遍对西方国家不必要的入侵感到不满；人们有一种可以理解的倾向，即为与西方影响无关的内部混乱寻找外部替罪羊。或许最重要的是，印度存在着一种强大的民族中心主义传统，早在反对印度佛教之前就有了，印度佛教从17世纪开始就关注西方基督教。）可知，在这里连续提到了三个反基督教的可能因素，可知这种反基督教的因素并不是单一的，也不是固定的，所以B项“一种普遍的、不集中的感觉”更符合题意。A项“入侵者的出现”和C项“西方的引进”只是其中一个因素；D项“以上都不是”错误。故该题选B。

37.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“作者可能会同意……”。根据第一段第二句therewasanunderstandabletendencytoseekanexternalscapegoatforinternaldisordersonlytangentiallyattributabletotheWest（人们有一种可以理解的倾向，即为与西方影响无关的内部混乱寻找外部替罪羊）可知，中国内部的很多问题并不是西方因素引起的，因此B项“中国的许多问题都是中国自己造成的”符合题意。A项“中国的许多问题都是由于受西方的影响而产生的内乱，与西方无关”，内容与原文不符；C项“替罪羊发挥了必要的作用，应该有更多的替罪羊”文中没有提到替罪羊发挥了作用，该项错误；D项“以上都是正确的”错误。故该题选B。

38.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“作者可能会同意下列哪一个观点？”。根据第一段第二句therewasaviriletraditionofethnocentricism,ventedlongbeforeagainstIndianBuddhism（印度有一种强大的民族中心主义的男性传统，早在反对印度佛教之前就有了），这句话中的virile(男性的)等同于manly，所以A项“民族中心主义是男性的传统”正确。B项“对基督教的蔑视是以对佛教的蔑视为预兆的”，内容在文章并无体现，所以B项不选。根据againstIndianBuddhism可知C项“虽然基督教在中国不太受欢迎，但佛教很受欢迎”错误。D项“作者同意A项和C项的观点”错误。故该题选A。

39.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“传教士……”。第二段最后两句提到Missionaries,particularlyCatholics,frequently,assumedthegarboftheConfucianliterati.Theyweretheonlypersonsatthelocallevel,asidefromthegentrywhowerepermittedtocommunicatewiththeauthoritiesassocialequals,andtheyenjoyedanextraterritorialstatusintheinteriorthatgavethemgreaterimmunitytoChineselawthanhadeverbeenpossessedbythegentry.（传教士，尤其是天主教徒，经常穿着儒家文人的服装。除了这些被允许与政府进行社会平等交流，在内地享有“治外法权”和享有更大的中国法律豁免权的绅士之外，他们是当地唯一享有这些的人。），由此可知A项“经常穿着和中国学者一样的衣服”，B项“摆脱了束缚当地土著居民的法律约束”和C项“比中国农民更容易获得权力”都有提及，所以D项“以上都可描述”正确。故该题选D。

40.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“省级政府……”。最后一段提到theofficial,almostalwaysastrangerinthelocalityofhisservice,dependedontheactivecooperationofthelocalgentryclass.Energeticattemptstoimplementtreatyprovisionsconcerningmissionaryactivities,indirectdefianceofgentrysentiment,rantheriskofalienatingthisclassanddestroyingfutureeffectiveness.（官员在他所管制的当地几乎总是一个陌生人，依靠当地绅士阶层的积极合作。在直接蔑视绅士情绪的情况下，积极地尝试执行条约规定有关传教活动会冒着疏远这个阶级和破坏其效果的风险。）可知这句话表达了官方对当地人的依赖和官方要是不顾当地人民的情绪，实行传道活动，就会有疏远当地人和破坏传道的效果的危害；所以我们可以推断官方关注当地人民的感觉，同时官方有义务去弄清楚人们是否可以容忍传道活动的进行。故B项“关心当地人的情感”和C项“有义务决定当地人情绪是否能容忍传道的实施”都正确。A项“充分配合中央政府的政策”，文章没有提到。因此D项“可以用B项和C项来描述”符合题意。故该题选D。

6.单选题

Accuracyis______totheprogrammingofcomputer.

问题1选项

A.elemental

B.base

C.fundamental

D.inherent

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项elemental“基本的；主要的；自然力的；四大要素的（土、水、气、火）”（强调属于事物的基础或本质）；B选项based“基地在……的；在……居住（或工作）；（以某事）为基础，为根据”；C选项fundamental“基本的，根本的”（强调重要性，根基作用等，指重要程度即非常重要）；D选项inherent“固有的；内在的；与生俱来的，遗传的”。句意：准确性是计算机编程的基础。befundamentalto...“基础的；基本的”。因此C选项正确。

7.单选题

Modernprintingequipmentquicklyturnsoutduplicatecopiesoftextualandpictorialmatter.

问题1选项

A.identical

B.double

C.illustrated

D.legible

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。duplicate表示“复制的”。A项identical“同一的，完全相同的”，B项double“双倍的”，C项illustrated“有插图的”，D项legible“清晰的，易辨认的”。句意：现代印刷设备能迅速生产出文字和图片的复制品。根据句意，该题选A正确。

8.单选题

Everyonehasamomentinhistory,whichbelongsparticularlytohim.Itisthemomentwhenhisemotionsachievetheirmostpowerfulswayoverhim,andafterwardwhenyousaytothisperson“theworldtoday”or“life”or“reality”hewillassumethatyoumeanthismoment,evenifitisfiftyyearspast.Theworld,throughhisunleashed（释放的）emotions,imprinteditselfuponhim,andhecar-riesthestampofthatpassingmomentforever.

Forme，thismoment——fouryearsinamomentinhistory——wasthewar.Thewarwasandisrealityforme.Istillinstinctivelyliveandthinkinitsatmosphere.Thesearesomeofitscharacteris-tics.

FranklinDelanoRooseveltisthepresidentoftheUnitedStates,andhealwayshasbeen.TheothertwoeternalworldleadersareWinstonChurchillandJosephStalin.Americaisnot,neverhasbeen,andneverwillbewhatthesongandpoemscallit,alandofplenty.Nylon，meat,gasoline,andsteelarerare.Therearetoomanyjobsandnotenoughworkers.Moneyisveryeasytoearnbutratherhardtospend,becausethereisn’tverymuchtobuy.Trainsarealwayslateandalwayscrowdedwith“servicemen”.ThewarwillalwaysbefoughtveryfarfromAmerica,anditwillneverend.NothinginAmericastandsstillforverylong,includingthepeoplewhoarealwayseitherleavingoronleave.PeopleinAmericacryoften.Sixteenisthekeyandcrucialandnaturalageforahumanbeingtobe,andpeopleofallotheragesarerangedinanorderlymanneraheadofandbehindyouasahar-monioussettingforthesixteen-year-oldsoftheworld.Whenyouaresixteen,adultsareslightlyim-pressedandalmostintimidatedbyyou.Thisisapuzzlefinallysolvedbytherealizationthattheyfore-seeyourmilitaryfuture:fightingforthem.Youdonotforeseeit.TowasteanythinginAmericaisim-moral.Stringandtinfoilaretreasures.Newspapersarealwayscrowedwithstrangemapsandnamesoftowns,andeveryfewmonthstheearthseemstolurch（突然倾斜）fromitspathwhenyouseesome-thinginthenewspapers,suchasthetimeMussolini,whoalmostseemedoneoftheeternalleaders,isphotographedhangingupsidedownonameathook.

1.Whichstatementbestdepictsthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.Whydoestheauthorstillclearlyrememberthewar?

3.Whichstatementbestdescribestheauthor’sfeelingsaboutthewar?

4.Whydoestheauthorthinkthatadultsareimpressedwithsixteen-year-olds?

5.Whydoestheauthorsaythatstringandtinfoilaretreasures?

问题1选项

A.Realityiswhatyoumakeofit.

B.Timeislikeariver.

C.Emotionsarepowerful.

D.Everypersonhasaspecialmoment.

问题2选项

A.FranklinDelanoRooseveltwasPresident.

B.Itwashispersonalrealityandpartofhislife.

C.Therewasnotmuchtobuy.

D.Thewarwouldneverend.

问题3选项

A.Itwaseverrealforhim,yethewasnotactivelyinvolved.

B.Itwasrealforhimbecausehewasasoldieratthattime.

C.Itwasveryunrealtohim.

D.Thewarwasverydisruptivetothepeopleathome.

问题4选项

A.Adultswouldliketobeyoung.

B.Sixteen-year-oldsdonotwastethings.

C.Sixteen-year-oldsreadnewspapers.

D.Theywillbefightingsoonforadults.

问题5选项

A.Thewarhasmadethemscarce.

B.Theyareusefultosixteen-year-olds.

C.Helikedthemwhenhewassixteen.

D.Peopleareverywasteful.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.第一段指出：everyonehasamomentinhishistory,whichbelongsparticularlytohim（每个人在他的历史上都有一个属于他的时刻）,选项D符合题意。

2.文章第二段指出：thewarwasandisrealityforme（战争对作者来说很真实），这是作者为何记住战争的原因，选项B符合题意。

3.文章第二段指出：Istillinstinctivelyliveandthinkinitsatmosphere.Thesearesomeofitscharacteristics，由此推测战争对他来说是非常真实的，但是文章中并没有提到作者是一名战士，因此选项A符合题意。

4.根据题干关键词“adultsareimpressedwithsixteen-year-olds”定位至文章第三段：whenyouaresixteen,adultsareslightlyimpressedandalmostintimidatedbyyou.Thisisapuzzlefinallysolvedbytherealizationthattheyforeseeyourmilitaryfuture:fightingforthem.可知成年人之所有会对16岁少年印象深刻是因为他们知道这些少年将来会为他们打仗，选项D符合题意。

5.根据题干关键词“Stringandtinfoilaretreasures”定位至第三段，第三段前面提到：Nylon,meat,gasoline,andsteelarerare，因此推测当时战争使得物资匮乏，后面指出了“Stringandtinfoilaretreasures”。故答案为A选项。

9.单选题

Fortune-tellersaregoodatmaking（

）statementssuchas"Yoursorrowswillchange".

问题1选项

A.literal

B.ambiguous

C.invalid

D.philosophical

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析题。literal“文字的，逐字的，无夸张的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的，引起歧义的”；invalid“无效的，有病的，残废的”；philosophical“哲学的”。由空格后“Yoursorrowswillchange”确定本句句意是‘算命者擅长做如“你的悲伤将改变”等模糊不清的声明。’B选项正确。

10.单选题

Herstrengthwasherabilityto（

）andinspireconfidenceratherthanfearinthepeopleshebefriended.

问题1选项

A.uncover

B.obtain

C.elicit

D.produce

【答案】C

【解析】考察动词辨析。uncover揭开，揭露；obtain:获得；elicit引起，引发；produce生产，产生。句意：她的优点是她有能力引发、鼓励朋友的信心而不是恐惧。选项C符合句意。

11.单选题

Don’tsmokeinthemeetingroom.Thesmoke（

）myeyes.

问题1选项

A.disturbs

B.bothers

C.upsets

D.irritates

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项disturb“打扰，妨碍”；B选项bother“麻烦，打扰”；C选项upset“使心烦，扰乱”；D选项irritate“刺激，激怒”。句意：请不要在会议室吸烟，烟熏得我眼睛难受。也就是说眼睛受到了刺激，所以选项D正确。

12.单选题

NormallyAmericansdonotassess