参考大二下英语

Pre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingLead-inMade

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingReadingPost-ReadingTitanicSuppose

you

are

onthe

SinkingLead-in4Made

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNLead-inReadingPost-ReadingPre-Reading

ActivitySuppose

You

Are

on

the

Sinking

Titanic5Made

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPre-ReadingLead-inReadingPost-ReadingWill

you

givetheseats

on

thelifeboats

towomen?Why?Do

you

thinkyou

shouldenjoy

theseats

?Why?Pre-ReadingWomento

the

lifeboatsBoys:Girls:6Made

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNText

AThe

Titanic

Puzzle——

Should

a

good

feminist

acceptpriority

seatingon

a

lifeboat?Lead-inPre-ReadingPost-Reading7Made

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNReadingLead-in

Pre-ReadingPost-ReadingWhat’s

the

author’s

attitude

towards“womento

the

lifeboats”?Reading

for

AttitudeSkim

thePassageReading8Made

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNLead-inPre-ReadingPost-ReadingWriting

SkillHow

could

you

get

readers

tothinkabout

a

commonly

accepted

attitude?Start

by

stating

what

the

issue

is.Present

a

viewpoint

that

seems

to

explain

it.Go

on

to

show

why

you

disagree

with

it.Reading9Made

byFeng

Hui,

Collegeof

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UNPost-ReadingI.

Presenting

controversial

responses

to

“womenandchildren”II.

The

author’s

opinion

versus

the

traditionalattitude

of“women

andchildren”The

structureof

Text

APara.

1-2Para.

3-8Para.?

—Para.?Lead-in

Pre-Reading

ReadingReading

for

StructureIII. Arguing

against

the

point

of

view

that

womenshould

be

groupedwith

children

toenjoy

priorityPara.

9-17Made

by

Feng

Hui,College

of

ComprehensiveFoundation

Studies,

Liaoning

UN

10The

Titanic

PuzzleShould

a

goodfeminist

acceptpriority

seating

ona

lifeboat?By

Charles

KrauthammerVocabularyListen

and

Read

Language

Points

The

Titanic

PuzzleShould

a

good

feminist

accept

priority

seating

on

a

lifeboat?By

Charles

Krauthammer1

You're

on

the

Titanic

II.

It

has

just

hit

an

iceberg

and

is

sinking.And,

as

last

time,

there

are

not

enough

lifeboats.

The

captainshouts,

“Women

and

children

!”

But

this

time,

another

voice

isheard:

“Why

women?”Language

Points2

Why,

indeed?

Part

of

the

charm

of

the

successful

movie

Titanicare

the

period

costumes,

the

period

extravagance,

and

the

period

prejudices.

An

audience

can

enjoy

these

at

a

distance.

Oddly,however,

of

all

the

period

attitudes

in

the

film,

the

old

maritimetradition

of

“women

and

children

”

enjoys

total

acceptance

bymodern

audiences.

Listen

to

the

audience

boo

at

the

bad

guys

whotry

tosneak

onthe

lifeboats

with

—or

ahead

of

—

the

ladies.Language

Points3

But

is

not

grouwomen

with

children

a

raging

anachronism?Should

not

any

self-respecting

modern ,

let

alone

feminist,object

toit

as

insultingtowomen?Yet

its

usage

is

as

common

today

as

it

was

in

1912.

Considerthese

examples

taken

almost

at

random

from

recent

newsp

rs:“The

invaders

gunned

down

the ns,

most

of

them

women

andchildren

...”“As

many

as

200

civilians,

most

of

them

women

and

children,were

killed

...”)

103

Muslims,Language

Points7

“At

the

massacre

in

Ahmici

(阿米奇including33

women

and

children,werekilled

...”8

At

a

time

when

women

fly

combat

aircraft

and

run

multi-nationalcorporations,

how

can

one

not

wince

//

when

adult

women

areroutinely

classed

with

children?

In

Ahmici,

it

seems,

70

adult

menwere

killed.

And

how

many

adult

women?

Not

clear.

When

things

getserious,

when

blood

starts

to

flow

or

ships

start

to

sink,

you'll

findthemwiththe

children.Language

Points9

Children

are

entitled

to

special

consideration

for

two

reasons:helplessness

and

innocence.They

have

not

yet

acquired

either

thefaculty

ofreasonorthewisdomofexperience(推理的能力或来自经验的智慧).Consequently,they

are

defenseless(incapable

of

fendingfor

themselves)and

blameless

(incapable

of

real

sin).That‘s

why

wegrant

them

special

protection.In

an

emergency,it

is

our

duty

to

savethem

because

they,helpless,have

put

their

lives

in

our

hands.And

in

wartime,they

are

supposed

to

be

protectedby

special

immunity(豁免权)because

theycan

havethreatened

or

offended

(冒犯)noone.Language

Points10

The

phrase“women

and

children”attributes

to

women

the

same

dependence

and

moral

simplicity

we

find

in

five-year-olds.Such

anattitude

perhaps

made

sense

in

an

era

dominated

by

male

privilege.Given

the

disabilities

attached

to(与…相关联)womanhood

in

1912,it

was

only

fair

that

a

new

standard

of

gender

equality

not

suddenly

be

proclaimed

just

as

lifeboat

seats

were

being

handed

out.Thatdeference—a

somewhat

more

urgent

variation(变化形式)ongiving

up

your

seaton

the

bus

toa

woman—complemented

(补充了)and

perhaps

to

some

extent

compensated

(补偿了)for

the

legal

andsocialconstraintsplacedonwomenatthetime(当时加在妇女身上的法律和社交限制).Language

PointsBut

in

our

era

of

extensive

social

restructuring

to

grant

womenequality

in

education,

in

employment,

in

ernment,

in

athletics,what

entitles

women

to

the

privileges

—

and

reduces

them

to

thestatus

—

ofchildren?Evolutionary

psychologists(进化心理学家门)might

say

thatladies-to-the-lifeboats

is

an

instinct

that

developed

to

perpetuate

the

species:Women

are

indispensable(必不可少的)child-bearers.Youcan

repopulate

a

village

if

the

women

survive

and

only

a

few

of

themen,

but

not

if

the

men

survive

and

only

a

few

of

the

women.Women

being

more

precious,biologically

speaking,than

men,

evolution

has

conditioned(使…

)us

to

give

them

the

kind

of

life-protecting

deference(尊重)【we

give

to

that

other

seed

of

the

future:kids】.Language

PointsThe

problem

with

this

kind

of

logic,

however,

is

its

depressingreductionism

(令人沮丧的视力女人低人一等的其实做法).

It‘s

likeserious

version

of

t eticist’s

old

joke

th hicken

is

just

anegg‘s

way

of

making

another

egg.

But

humans

are

more

than

justegg-layers.

And

traditional

courtesies

are

more

than

just

(not

just)

disguised

(

)

survival

strategies.

So

why

do

we

say

“women

andchildren”?Perhaps

it's

really

“women

for

children.”

The

most

basic

parentalbond

is

maternal.

Equal

parenting

is

great,

but

women,

frombreast

to

cradle

to

reassuring

hug,

can

nurture

in

ways

that

men

cannot.

Andthus,

because

we

value

children,

women

should

go

second.

Thechildren

need

them.Language

PointsBut

kiddie-centrism

gets

you

only

so

far.

What

if

there

are

nochildren

on

board?

You

are

on

the

Titanic

III,

and

this

time

it's

a

singlescruise.

No

kids,

no

parents.

Now:

Iceberg!

Lifeboats!

Action!Here's

my

scenario.

The

men,

out

of

sheer

irrational

heroism,should

let

the

women

go

.

And

the

women,

out

of

sheer

feministself-respect,

should

refuse.Result?

Stalemate.

How

does

this

movie

end?

How

should

it

end?Hurry,

the

ship's

going

down.More

to

learnYou're

on

the

Titanic

II.

Paraphrase?Key— Suppose

you

find

yourself

in

a

similar

situation

tothat

of

the

Titanic.heliner,out

inText-related

informationthe

Titanic

IIAwodisof

tshememoothpeawe199the

period

costumes,

the

period

extravagance,

and

theperiod

prejudicesParaphrasing?Key— the

costumes,

the

extravagance,

and

the

prejudices

ofthat

time

in

historyMore

to

learnthe

period

costumes,

the

period

extravagance,

and

theperiod

prejudicesperiod

furniture大获成功的 《泰坦尼 》的部分美丽在于再现了那个时代的服装，那个时代的奢华和那个时代的偏见。period

a.—

typical

of

an

earlier

time

in

history,

either

datingtime

or

delibera

y made

in

the

style

offrom

thatthat

timeExamplesat

/

from

a

distance—

from

a

place

that

is

not

very

close;

a

long

time

after

sth.happened

有相当距离、不很近ExamplesSome

people

are

more

respectable

if

admired

from

adistance.Remembering

the disaster

at

a

distance,

I

now

feelsure

that

it

was

not

hisfault.let

alone—

(to

indicate

that

a

particular

situation

is

even

lesslikely

or

possible)

not

to

mention;

withoutconsideringExamplesI

was

too

tiredto

walk,

let

alone

running.There

wasn't

enough

room

for

us,

let

alone

three

dogsand

two

cats.More

to

learn,

let

aloneShould

not

any

self-respecting

modernfeminist,

object

toit

as

insulting

towomen?,

let

aloneShould

not

any

self-respecting

modernfeminist,

object

toit

as

insulting

towomen?object

to—

oppose;

beagainstExamplesThe

embassy

objects

to

their

requests

to

take

refuge（庇护）

there.Professor

Hawking

objects

to

being

treated

likesomeonespecial.难道任何一个自尊的现代人——更不用说女权主义者——不该视其为对女性的

而加以 么？usage

n.— the

way

sth.is

used;

the

way

words

are

used

in

a

language惯用法、用法、做法、使用Note:

Usage

is

different

from

use

in

that

it

often

impliesthe

degree

to

which

something

is

used

or

the

wayin

which

it

is

used.ExamplesThe

expression

has

come

into

common

usage.the

environmentaleffects

of

energy

usageSports

equipment

is

designed

to

withstand（经受住）hard

usage.wince

vi.— suddenly

andbriefly

sho ininone's

facialexpression(因疼痛、惊吓等)本能地退缩，畏缩；皱眉蹙眼ExamplesDavid

winced

when

the

dentist

touched

his

soretooth.It

makes

me

wince

even

thinking

about

eyeoperation.Children

are

entitled

to

special

considerationbe

entitled

to

(do)

sth.— be

giventhe

right

to

have

or

do

(sth.)ExamplesYou

are

entitled

to

high

praise

for

handling

thisdifficult

situation

successfully

all

alone.I'm

entitled

to

know

how

my

own

money

is

beingspent.faculty

n.any

of

the

powers

of

the

body

or

mind;

a

particular

abilityfor ng

sth.才能；能力；天赋all

the

teachers

and

workers

of

a

university

or

college

(高

等院校的)全体教师及职工

ExamplesEven

at of

100,

she

still

had

all

her

faculties.Mary

has

a

remarkable

faculty

for

adding

largenumbers

in

her

head.Jane

is

a

member

of

the

faculty

at

the

localuniversity.immunity

n.1.

protection

or

freedom

(from

sth.)受保护；豁免(权)ability

to

resist

infection,disease,etc.

免疫力ExamplesHe

was

told

that

he

would

be

granted

immunity)

if

he

confessed

the

names

of豁免权)from

prosecution

(the

other

spies.diplomatic

immunity(Mostpeople

have

no

immunity

against

that.threaten

vt.1.

makea

threat

against(sb.)，give

a

warning(of

sth.bad)

预示ExamplesThey

threatened

their

son

with

punishment.The

dark

clouds

threaten

a

storm.thatBy

classing

women

with

children,

we

thinkwomen

are

as

helpless

and

innocent

as

little

kids.More

to

learnThe

phrase

“women

and

children”

attributes

to

women

thesame

dependence

and

moral

simplicity

we

find

in

five-year-olds.dependence

and

moral

simplicity— another

way

ofsaying

“helplessnessand

innocence”依赖性和道德上的单纯ParaphraseKey:

?The

phrase

“women

and

children”

attributes

to

women

thesame

dependence

and

moral

simplicity

we

find

in

five-year-

olds.

attribute

(a

quality,

feature,

etc.)

to

sb./sth.— say

or

think

that

sb./sth.

hasgot

(that

quality,

feature,

etc.)ExamplesI

wouldn‘t

dream

of

attributing

such

a

lack

ofjudgment(判断)to

you.“妇女和儿童”这一短语将

在五岁的孩子身上所发现的依赖性和道德上的单纯也赋予了妇女。givenprep.

considering

考虑到1.规定的，特定的；2.假设的；已知的ExamplesGiven

their

inexperience,

they've

done

a

good

job.Given

(the

fact)

that

she

is

interestedin

children,

I

amsure

teaching

is

the

right

career

for

her.The

work

must

be

done

withinthegiven

time.under

a

given

conditionMore

to

learngiven

— used

as

a

preposition

考虑到/鉴于/如果。。。

EThxeamwpolreds

given

can

be

used

as

a

preposition

followed

by

a•nounGipvhernasheisoar

gneo,uhne

cislaausreem.

Ifarykoaubsleayfagsitverunnsnoemr.ething

orgiven

that

something

is

true,

you

mean

what

is

mentioned

is•consIi'dmeresudroer

itseatackheinngintios

athcceoruingth.

t

career

for

her,

given(the

fact)

that

she

is

interested

in

children.In

formal

English,

given

the

chance,

given

the

opportunity,

etc.•meaSnhifeocnoeuhldashtahveechdaonncee,jtuhset

oapspworetlulnaitsy,yeotcu.

have,

giventhe

chance.Given

imagination,

anything

ispossible.More

to

learngiven

P40More

to

learnComplete

the

following

sentences

by

translating

the

Chinese

intoEnglish,

using

given

clauses

appropriay.(Ex.

VIII,

p.208)1.

(鉴于在失业问题上的记录),

theirchances

ofwinning

the

election

look

poor.Given

theernment's

record

on

unemployment2.

(鉴于儿童不能自立，不能自卫),

adultsare

responsible

franting

them

special

protection.Given

children's

helplessness

and

defenselessnessgivenMore

to

learnComplete

the

following

sentences

by

translating

the

Chinese

intoEnglish,

using

given

clauses

appropriay.(Ex.

VIII,

p.208)

(如果天气好的话),our

ship

will

reachYantai

tomorrow

morning.Given

good

weather

(鉴于免疫力弱),children

and

old

people

areadvised

not

to

stay

in

an

air-conditioned

room

for

toolong.Given

poor

immunitygivenComplete

the

following

sentences

by

translating

the

Chinese

intoEnglish,

using

given

clauses

appropriay.(Ex.

VIII,

p.208)5.(鉴于女权主义者已为男女了多年),

it

is

not

surprising

to

find

such

new

words

aschair and

Ms.

in

widespread

use.Given

that

feminists

have

been

fighting

forgender/sexual

equality

for

years6.

(如果再给我一次读大学的机会),I

would

choose

tostudy

engineering

rather

thanmathematics.Given

one

more

chance

to

go

to

collegeattach

(to)

vt.consider

that

sb.has

a

certain

quality

认为有、与…相关联fasten

or

join

贴、连接ExampleChinese

movies

used

to

attach

every

good

quality

to

ahero.A

label

is

attachedto

eachpiece

of

luggage.Bill

attached

a

big

bow

(蝴蝶结)

to

the

birthdaypresent.…,

it

was

only

fair

that

a

new

standard

of

gender

equality

notsuddenly

be

proclaimed

just

as

life

boat

seats

were

beingregardless

of

age,

gender

or

race.e

morepoliticized.More

to

learn

handedout.

gEexnadmeprleeqs

uality

=

sex

equalityn•

.1T.h(生e

理jo上b

的is)性op；e2n.(名to词a、ny代s词ui等ta的bl)y性qualified—

Gender

means

sex

but

is

especially

used

in

jobaSdovceiortliosgeimstesntbse,

liinevwe

rtithinagt

gaebnoduterpodliiftifcesrences

incievtoyt,inagswweillll

agsriandguraamllymadr,iswahpilpeesaerx

iassawgeonmereanl

w…,

it

was

only

fair

that

a

new

standard

of

gender

equality

notsuddenly

be

proclaimed

just

as

life

boat

seats

were

beinghanded

claim

vt.—

make

known

officially

or

publicly;

declareNote:

Proclaim

implies

a

clear,

forceful,

authoritativeoral

declaring

of

something,

often

of

nationalimportance.ExamplesThe

proclaime

y

ofmourning.The

American

colonies

proclaimed

theirindependence

in

1776.More

to

learn…,

it

was

only

fair

that

a

new

standard

of

gender

equality

notsuddenly

be

proclaimed

just

as

life

boat

seats

were

beinghanded

out.hand

out— distribute

分发,散发ExamplesMake

a

list

of

names,

see

if

they're

all

present,

andhand

outthe

books.Would

you

hand

thecake

out

while

I

pour

the

coffee?More

to

learn…,

it

was

only

fair

that

a

new

standard

of

gender

equality

notsuddenly

be

proclaimed

just

as

life

boat

seats

were

beinghanded

out.Paraphrase?Key…,

the

traditional

gender

inequality

should

naturallycontinue

at

that

critical

moment

when

the

ship

wassinking

—

it

was

fair

that

women

should

have

beengiven

seats

on

the

lifeboats

.在安排（分发）救生船座位时，一种的新标准不应被突然宣布是公平的。在安排（分发）救生船座位时，确实不宜突然宣布一种 的新标准。That

deference

—

a

somewhat

more

urgent

variation

on

givingup

your

seat

on

the

bus

to

a

woman

—

complemented

andperhaps

to

some

extent

compensated

for

the

legal

and

social

constraints

placed

on

womenat

the

time.

variation

n.—

(on)

one

in

a

group

or

set

which

is

different

in

someway

from

the

normal

or

most

commonExamplesHis

books

areall

variations

ona

basic

theme.It

was

the same

TV

programme

with

only

nightlyvariations.More

to

learnThat

deference

—

a

somewhat

more

urgent

variation

on

givingup

your

seat

on

the

bus

to

a

woman

—

complemented

andperhaps

to

some

extent

compensated

for

the

legal

and

social

constraints

placed

on

womenat

the

time.

Paraphrase?KeyThat

respect

for

women

(i.e.

offering

priority

seatingon

a

lifeboat)

was

very

similar

to,

but

somewhat

moreurgent

than,

offering

your

seat

to

a

woman

on

the

bus.This

helped

to

improve,

and

perhaps

more

or

lessmade

up

for

the

disabilities

attached

to

womanhood(para.10)

by

law

and

by

society

at

that

time....,

what

entitles

women

to

the

privileges

—

and

reduces

themto

thestatus

—

ofchildren?reduce

sb.

to— bring

sb.

to

(a

specified,

usu.

worse,

state

or

condition)ExamplesWe

were

reducedto

selling

the

car

to

pay

the

rent.He

ran

out

of

cigarettes

and

was

reduced

to

smokingthe

butts（烟蒂）.More

to

learn是什么使妇女享有儿童的，并将她们贬至儿童的地位呢？...,

what

entitles

women

to

the

privileges

—

and

reduces

themto

thestatus

—

ofchildren?Paraphrase?Key...,

why

should

women

be

given

the

same

privileges,and

bebrought

to

the

sameinsignificant

status,

aschildren?an

instinct

that

developed

toladies-to-the-lifeboats

isperpetuate

thespeciesParaphrase

?giving

priority

to

ladies

to

enable

them

to

survive

ashipwreck

is

a

natural

tendency

formed

in

order

toprevent

the

extinction

of

mankindTranslate

the

sentence

?上救生船是一种为繁衍物种而形成的本能Women

being

more

precious,

biologically

speaking,

than

men,evolution

has

conditioned

us

to

give

them

the

kind

of

life-protectingdeference

we

give

to

that

other

seed

of

the

future:

kids.Paraphrase

?Because

women

are

more

important

than

men

in

theperpetuation

of

mankind,

the

law

of

evolution

hasinfluenced

our

attitude,

so

that

we

give

women

thesame

kind

of

priority

of

survival

as

we

give

children,on

whom,

too,mankind

relies

for

perpetuation.Translation

?因为从生物学的角度来讲妇女比男子更为珍贵，所以进化才使于把给予未来的另一粒——孩子的那份保护生命的敬重给予了她们。More

to

learnWomen

being

more

precious

...

than

men—

Present

participle

phrase

used

in

the

absoluteconstruction,

which

functions

as

an

adverbial

of

cause

inthe

sentence.Women

being

more

precious,

biologically

speaking,

than

men,evolution

has

conditioned

us

to

give

them

the

kind

of

life-protecting

deference

【we

give

to

that

other

seed

of

the

future:

kids】.

depress—

vt.1.sadden

and

discourage

使抑郁，使沮丧2.cause

to

sink

to

a

lower

level

of

position

使不景气，

使

ExamplesThe

cold,

gray

weather

depressed

Anne.High

interest

rates

are

continuing

to

depress

theeconomy.And

traditional

courtesies

are

more

than

just

disguisedsurvival

strategies.more

than

just— not

just;

not

simplyParaphrase

?KeyAnd

traditional

polite

behavior

to

women

is

not

just

afalse

display

intended

for

the

survival

of

the

humanrace.Equal

parenting

is

great,

but

women,

from

breast

to

cradle

toreassuring

hug,

can

nurture

in

ways

thatmen

cannot.breast—

breast-feeding

哺乳Paraphrase?KeyIt

is

pretty

good

for

father

and

mother

to

be

equal

intheir

relationship

with

children,

but

many

duties

in

therearing

and

caring

of

children

can

be

performed

onlyby

women

in

their

special

ways,

and

never

bymen.But

kiddie-centrism

gets

you

only

so

far.kiddie-centrism— the

notion

that

children

are

most

important小孩中心论Paraphrase

?The

explanation

that

women

are

given

priority

tosurvive

just

because

children

need

them

is

convincingup

to

this

pointonly.Translation

?但是小孩中心论只能解释到这一步为止。sheer

a.1. pure;nothing

other

than(often

used

in

descriptionsof

sth.surprising,outrageous,

inexplicable,etc.);全然的(offabric)very

thin,

light

and

almost

transparent(透明的)；透明的very

steep

峻峭的ExamplesIt

is

asheer

waste

oftime.John

peered

through

the

sheer

curtain.The

climbers

slowly

inched(慢慢移动)up

the

sheercliff.stalemate—

n.

a

stage

of

a

dispute,

contest,

etc.

(esp.

chess)

at

which further

progress

is

impossible

for

both

sides