文稿基础英语

I

Warm

upDo

you

believe

in

UFO?Do

you

think

there

is

life

on

the

other

planets?compare

比较》Venus金星Jupiter木星Mercury水星Mars火星Saturn

土星Metal金

Wood木

Water水

Fire火

Earth土e.g.

For

now,

membership

will

be

restricted

to

the

eight

"classical"planets

in

the

solar

system:

Mercury,

Venus,

Earth,

Mars,Jupiter,

Saturn,

Uranus

and

Neptune.如今，

系行星成员被限制在8大行星之间：水星、金星、地球、火星、木星、土星、 星和海王星。The

five

elements

refer

to

Metal,

Wood,

Water,

Fire,

Earthand

theirmotions.五行指的是金、木、水、火、土和它们的运动。II

New

words

&ExpressionsII

New

words

&Expressionsrelative

adj.

Having

pertinence

or

relevance;

connected

orrelated;Considered

in

comparison

with

something

else;Dependent

on

or

interconnected

with

something

else;notabsolute（与to连用）有关的,相关的;相对的,相比较的,相应的;切题的;相互的eg.

facts

that

are

relative

to

this

question与这个问题有关的事实all

the

details

relative

to

the

matter

at

issue所有与正在 的事情有关的细节live

in

relative

comfort生活得较为舒适the

period

of

relative

stability相对稳定时期the

relative

duties

of

employer

and

employee雇主与雇工之间的相互责任II

New

words

&Expressionsrelative

n.

One

related

by

kinship,

common

origin,

or

marriage;Something

having

a

relation

or

connection

to

something

else.亲戚;有关事物eg.

Is

he

your

relative

or

friend?他是你的亲戚还是朋友？Her

aunt

is

her

only

relative.她姑姑是她唯一的亲人。IINew

words&Expressionsinfinite

adj.

Having

no

boundaries

or

limits;Immeasurablygreat

or

large;

boundless

无限的，无穷的;巨大的,无穷无尽的,eg.infini

oneliness无限的孤寂Infinite

space

surrounds

the

Earth.无限的空间围绕着地球。这个会议非常重要This

meeting

is

of

infinite

importance.教幼儿需有极大的耐心。Teaching

little

children

takes

infinite

patience.我对你有

信任。I

have

infinite

faith

in

you.infini y

adv.无限地,无穷地IINew

words&Expressionsgenerate

vt.

To

bring

into

being;

give

rise

to;

To

produce

asa

result

of

a

chemical

or

physical

process:形成，造成;产生物理反应,作为化学或物理变化过程的结果而产生eg.

Racial

prejudice

generated

hatred.种族 引起了

。grammatical

rules

f enerating

sentences造句的语

则发电厂，发电站a

generating

station煤燃烧时，产生热量。When

coal

burns,

it

generates

heat.IINew

words&Expressionsblot

vt.

To

make

obscure;

hide

遮蔽使不清楚；模糊：eg.

The

sun

was

blotted

by

the

moon.被月亮遮暗了(日食)。云彩把月亮完全遮住了。Thick

clouds

blotted

out

the

moon.IINew

words&Expressionsrealm

n.

A

kingdom;

A

field,

sphere,

or

province王国;界,某个领域、界或范围eg.

the

realm

of

literature

and

art文学艺术领域科学领域the

realm

of

science.自然界the

realm

of

naturethe

realm

of

necessity必然王国在知识的王国里,

都很无知.We

are

all

ignorant

in

the

realmof

knowledge.IINew

words&Expressionsendeavour

n.

A

conscientious

or

concerted

effort

toward

anend;

an

earnest

attempt.Purposeful

or

industrious

activity;enterprise.努力，尽力,为达到目标而所做的尽职的、一致的努力；热切的尝试;企图，进取心有目的的、勤勉刻苦的行动；进取心eg.

We’ll

make

every

endeavour

to

arrive

punctually.All

our

endeavours

failed.IINew

words&Expressionsendeavour

v.To

attempt(fulfillment

of

a

responsibility

or

anobligation,

for

example)

by

employment

or

expenditure

ofeffort;To

work

with

a

set

or

specified

goal

or

purpose.

奋力，努力通过运用或消耗努力而试图（例如履行一项职责或一份义务）;企图，谋求带有确定目标或指定目的而工作eg.

The

city ernment

endeavored

to

improve

the

quality

oflife

in

the

inner

city.市 努力改善城市内的生活品质。We

endeavoured

to

make

her

happy

but

in

vain.试图使她 起来但却徒劳无功。总要努力改进自己的工作。We

must

always

endeavour

to

improve

our

work.III

Text

StudyPlease

close

your

text

books.

Listen

to

the

t of

the

textcarefully

and

try

to

answer

the

following

question:Which

life

forms

are

likely

to

develop

on

a

distant

planet?(Bacteria

and

plant

life.)Read

the

text

by

yourselves

and

pay

attention

to

the

usage

of

“in

relative

terms”and

“in

the

instance”.III

Text

StudyExplain

the

text:This

is

a

major

achievement

because,

in

relative

terms,planet

are

very

small

and

do

not

emit

light.structure:

“because”

introduces

an

adverbial

clause

ofreason.Phrase:

in

relative

terms:

relatively

speaking,

inrelation

to

other

things

相对来说,相比较来说eg.

Students

have

less

money

in

relative

terms,

but

spend

moreonbooks.相对来说，学生可支配的钱少些，但在书本上花得多些。今年夏天的雨相对比较多。In

relative

terms,

we

have

more

rain

this

summer.这个任务相对来说比较难。In

relative

terms,

this

task

is

very

difficult.III

Text

StudyExplain

the

text:Thequestion

to

answer

is

whether

a

planet

can

actuallysupport

life.(1)

structure:

“whether”

introduces

a

predicative

clause.

Inthe

main

clause

the

infinitive

phrase

“to

answer”

is

used

asan

attributive

to

modify

“the

question”.III

Text

StudyExplain

the

text:Whether

a

planet

can

support

lifedepends

on

the

size

andbrightness

of

its

star,

that

is

its

“sun”.(1)

Structure:

“whether”introduces

a

subjective

clause.“That”

introduces

an

attributive

to

modify

“its

star”.Phrase:

that

is

(to

say)即,就是,换句话说,就是说,更确切地说e.g.

There

is

an

even

more

insidious

kind

of

pollution,

and

that

isnoise.He

is

a

local ernment

administrator,

that

is

to

say

a

civilservant.他是一个地方行政 ，也就是

。She

is

a

housewife,

that

is

when

she

is

not

teaching.她是个家庭主妇，是说她不教课的时候。你会得到加薪，也就是说，一个月至少增加100

。You'll

get

a

raise,

that

is

to

say,

at

least

$100

more

amonth.III

Text

StudyExplain

the

text:Inthe

instance,

we

would

be

looking

for

plant

life,

rather

than

“little

green

men”.(1)

Paraphrase:

of

all,

we

would

look

for

plant

life,

insteadof/not

“little

green

men”.(2)

Phrases:

in

theinstance:

in

the place,

at

thebeginning,

initially

最初,首先eg.

In

the instance

of

f iving

oneself,

one

begins

to

getlazy.人都是在原谅自己的那一分种开始懈怠。Inthe instance,

I

was

inclined

to

refuse,

but

then

Ireconsidered.

起初

,

但后来还是重新考虑了.instance

to

the

nel你应首先向人事经理申请。

You

should

apply

in

themanager.III

Text

StudyExplain

the

text:Inthe

instance,

wewould

be

lookingforplant

life,ratherthan“little

green

men”.(2)

Phrases:

rather

than:

instead

of,

in

preference

to

不要，不用,而不是;根据表达需要，后面可以跟

的词性和词形。eg.

Rather

than

being ed,

she

got

promoted.她打了

，而没有写信。She ephoned

rather

than

wrote.She ephoned

instead

of

writing.该受责备的是

,不是他们。We

are

to

blame

rather

than

they.与其说天气暖和，不如说是热。

It

is

hot

rather

than

warm.III

Text

StudyExplain

the

text:As

Earth-dweller,

we

always

cherish

the

hope

that

we

willbe

visited

by

little

green

men

and

that

we

will

be

able

tocommunicate

with

them.(1)

Structure:

“and”

joins

two

appositive

clauses

introducedby

“that”

to

modify

“hope”.III

Text

StudyThe

type

of

writing

for

this

text（写作题材）:

a

scienceexposition

endeavouring

to l

us

the

presence

and

future

ofastronomy

development.Language

features(语言特点）:uses

subjunctive

mood

in

talking

about

the

futuresuppositionsuses

“things/it”

as

subject

in

many

sentences.IV Drills

&

ExercisesRead

the

text

after

the

t .

Pay

attention

to

thestress

and

intonation

and

where

tostop.Look

for

the

answer

in

the

text

individually

,then

tryto

answerthe

comprehensionquestionswithout

lookingatthe

text.

(P250Comprehension)Extra

Exercises补充练习Try

to

put

the

following

into

English

byusing

the

phrases

and

sentence

patternsyoulearnedinthistext.相对来说，沿海地区比较发达。这个问题引起一场争论。他们两周前离开的，也就是说三月二十一日那天。首先要保证自己的安全。我要喝茶而不是咖啡。Key相对来说，沿海地区比较发达。In