心肌病(英文)课件

Cardiomyopathy(CM)本课目的:掌握心肌病分类及扩张型心肌病、肥厚型心肌病特点，临床表现；了解心肌病治疗本课重点：掌握心肌病分类及扩张型心肌病、肥厚型心肌病特点、临床表现本课难点：扩张型心肌病、肥厚型心肌病特点、临床表现一.DefinitionThecardiomyopathiesarediseasethatinvolvethemyocardiumprimarilyandarenottheresultofhypertensionorcongenital,valvular,coronary,arterialorpericardialabnormalities二.etiologyclassificationofCM(一)WHO/ISFC(世界卫生组织和国际心脏病学会)19951.Thedefinitionofcardiomyopathy:aprimarytype,consistingofmyocardialdiseaseofunknowncause

3.SpecificCM(原因明确):asecondarytype,consistingofmyocardialdiseaseofknowncauseorassociatedwithadiseaseinvolvingotherorgansystems.

Forexample:(1)alcoholcardiomyopathy(2)peripartumcardiomyopathy(3)Keshan’sDisease(4)drug-inducedcardiomyopathy(二)clinicalclassificationofCM三.dilatedcardiomyopathy(一)character:

leftand/orrightventricularsystolicpumpfunctionisimpaired,leadingtocardiacenlargementandoftenproducingsymptomsofcongestiveheartfailure.2.Signs:(1)heartenlarge(2)diastolic3rdsoundgallop(3)allkindsofarrhythmia(三)exam4.radionuclidescintigraphy

5.cardiacpipeinspectionandangiogram6.endocardialbiopsy四.hypertrophiccardiomyopathy(一)character:disproportionateleft/rightventricularhypertrophy,involvingseptum.asymmetricseptalhypertrophy(ASH)apicalhypertrophy(APH)(二)classification：1.obstructiveHCM2.non-obstructiveHCMaccordingtoobstructionofleftventricularoutflowtract(三)clinicalmanifestation：

1.Symptoms:suddendeath,dyspnea,AP,fatigue,syncope2.Signs:(1)slightcardiacenlargement(2)thefourthsound

(3)systolicmurmuratthelowleftsternalborderaswellasattheapex.。

Incaseswithoutflowobstruction,aloudsystolicmurmurispresentthatincreaseswithuprightpostureorValsalva’smaneuveranddecreasewithsquatting.(四)exam：

1.X-ray:mildtomoderatecardiacenlargement2.ECG:leftventricularhypertrophy,ST-Tabnormalities,abnormalQwaves3.echocardiogram:(1)asymmetricseptalhypertrophy(ASM)(2