(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第三册 Unit 1 Art (含答案)

Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．Christianityn．基督教2．realismn．逼真；现实主义；务实作风3．realistn．现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者4．primitiveadj.发展水平低的；原始的；远古的n．文艺复兴前的艺术家(或作品)5．two-dimensionaladj.二维的6．dimensionn．维；规模；范围7．humanisticadj.人文主义的8．humanityn．人性；人道；(统称)人类9．mythologyn．神话；虚幻的想法10．clientn．委托人；当事人；客户11．sunrisen．日出12．outeradj.外表的；外边的；外围的13．fineart(alsofinearts)美术(尤其绘画和雕塑)14．sculpturen．雕像；雕刻品；雕刻术15．sculptorn．雕刻家；雕塑家16．waterlilyn．睡莲17．archedadj.拱形的；弓形的18．archvt.&vi.呈弧形横跨；(使)成弓形n．拱；拱形结构；拱门19．briden．新娘20．inkn．墨水；墨汁；油墨21．animationn．(电脑、录像)动画制作；动画片22．framen．画面；框架vt.给……镶框；制订；陷害23．symphonyn．交响乐；交响曲24．bronzen．青铜；深红褐色adj.青铜色的；深红褐色的25．ceramicn．陶瓷制品；制陶艺术26．vasen．花瓶；装饰瓶27．civiladj.国民的；民用的；民事的28．Buddhistadj.佛教的n．佛教徒29．Buddhismn．佛教30．contemporaryadj.当代的；现代的；属同时期的n．同代人；同辈人Ⅱ.记重点单词1．breakthroughn．重大进展；突破2．reputationn．名誉；名声3．noblen．贵族成员；出身高贵的人adj.崇高的；宏伟的；高贵的4．rankn．地位；级别；行列vt.&vi.把……分等级；使排成行5．purchasevt.购买；采购n．购买；购买的东西6．emergevi.&vt.出现；浮现；暴露7．conveyvt.表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送8．subjectiveadj.主观的9．subsequentadj.随后的；后来的；之后的10．fondadj.喜爱11．visualadj.视觉的；视力的12．pondn．池塘；水池13．permanentadj.永久的；永恒的；长久的14．humbleadj.谦逊的；虚心的；卑微的15．declinen．(数量、价格、质量等的)减少；下降；衰落vi.&vt.减少；下降；衰落；衰弱；谢绝16．guaranteevt.保证；确保；肯定……必然发生n．保证；保修单；担保物17．worthyadj.值得……的；有价值的Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．preciseadj.准确的；精确的→preciselyadv.准确地；精确地；的确如此2．realisticadj.现实的；逼真的→realadj.真的；真实的→reallyadv.真实地；确实3．influentialadj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的→influencen．&vt.影响4．photographyn．照相术；摄影→photographern．摄影师→photographn．照片vt.&vi.(为……)拍照5．investmentn．投资额；投资；(时间、精力的)投入→investv．投资6．memorialn．纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物；纪念品adj.纪念的；悼念的→memoryn．记忆力；记忆→memorizevt.记住7．criticise(NAmE-ize)vi.&vt.批评；指责；评价→criticismn．批评；指责；评论→criticn．批评家→criticaladj.批判的；关键的8．representativeadj.典型的；有代表性的n．代表→representvt.代表；象征；描绘9．exhibitionn．展览；(技能、感情或行为的)表演→exhibitv．展示；陈列；展览10．artisticadj.艺术的；艺术家的→artistn．艺术家→artn．艺术11．entryn．加入；进入；参与；参赛作品→entervt.进入；登记12．recognitionn．承认；认出；赞誉→recognizevt.辨认出；承认；公认13．expansionn．扩张；扩展；扩大→expandvt.扩展；扩大；(使)膨胀Ⅳ.背核心短语1．inparticular尤其；特别2．setapartfrom使与众不同；使突出；使优于……3．befondof喜爱；喜欢4．bring...tolife赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来5．beworthyof值得6．concentrateon全神贯注于7．looklike看起来像8．seektodosth.试图做某事9．failtodosth.未能做某事10．beintendedtodosth.旨在做；目的是1．laundryn．洗衣店；洗衣房2．learnedadj.有学问的；博学的3．leftoveradj.剩余的；剩下的4．legendn．传说；传奇5．liberationn．解放6．libertyn．自由7．licensen．执照；许可证8．literaturen．文学1．Whilehispaintingsstillhadreligiousthemes，theyshowedrealpeopleinarealenvironment.(while引导的从句)虽然他的绘画作品仍有宗教主题，但是它们展示了真实环境中真实的人。2．Finally，mostclientswantedpaintingsthatwerebeautifulandinterestingtolookat.(主语＋be＋adj.＋todo)最后，大多数客户想要看上去既美丽又有趣的画。3．Hesoughttoshownotjusttheouterimageofhissubjects，buttheirinnerwarmthandhumanityaswell.(notjust...but...aswell不仅……而且……)他不仅试图展示他笔下人物的外在形象，而且还展示他们内心的温暖和人性。4．Alsoofprimarynoteisacollectionofnearly100bronzeobjectsfromtheShangDynasty.(表语前置)同样值得重点关注的是一组近百件的商代青铜器藏品。5．ChinesesculpturethusfounditselfhighlyinfluencedbyBuddhistartbroughtfromIndiaandCentralAsiathroughtheSilkRoad.(find＋宾语＋宾补)因此，中国雕塑受到通过丝绸之路从印度和中亚传来的佛教艺术的极大影响。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。eq\x(reputation，criticise，convey，visual，guarantee，recognition)Mygrandfatherwasaninfluentialpainter.Fromhissubjectivepointofview，hewaskeenonpaintingrealisticthingsandhisworkswereprimitive，whichsethimapartfromtheotherpainters.Hegained1.recognitionasarepresentativeoftheRealismAssociation.Sonobles，peopleofhighrankandwealthyclientsdesiredtopurchasehisworks，whichearnedhima2.reputation.Hemadeabreakthroughinhisfield，buthewasalwayshumble.Whenhe3.wascriticisedbyothersordisagreementsemerged，hestill4.conveyedkindnessanddeclinedtoplacecriticismonothers.Laterhemadefriendswithasculptorwhooftencreatedwonderfulsculpturesatsunrisenearapond.Subsequently，bothofthemframedaplantovisittheexhibitionsandthepurposewastofindthosewithartisticeyes.Althoughtheycouldn’t5.guaranteeeverychildabrightfuture，theirinvestmentwasworthyofpraiseandexpansion.Inmygrandfather’sadvancedyears，besidesfineart，hepreferredbronzebowls，ceramicvasesandinparticularinkwashpaintingsfromancienttimes，whichbroughthistorytolife.Allformsofartofferus6.visualbeautyandhaveapermanentinfluenceonhowweviewtheworld.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇influentialadj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的(influencen．&vt.影响)haveaninfluenceon/upon对……有影响undertheinfluenceof在……的影响下underone’sinfluence在某人的影响下(1)Asapersonoflowrank，mywordsarenotinfluential(influence)，soIwouldratherkeepsilent.(2)在我物理老师的影响下，我对物理越来越感兴趣。换句话说，我的物理老师是我的榜样，他对我的影响极大。因此，他是我最尊敬的人。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)Undermyphysicsteacher’sinfluence，Ihavegrownincreasinglyinterestedinphysics.Inotherwords，myphysicsteacherismyrolemodel，whohasagreatinfluenceon/uponme.SoheisthepersonIrespectmost.rankn．地位；级别；行列vt.&vi.把……分等级；使排列成行•thefirstrank一流的•rank...as...把……评为……；把……分等级rankhigh/first名列前茅/第一(1)Theyrankhimasarealisticpainter，whohasgainedagoodreputation.(2)得知你在上周举行的英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖，我写信表示衷心的祝贺。(应用文写作之祝贺信)LearningthatyourankedfirstintheEnglishspeechcompetitionheldlastweek，Iamwritingtoexpressmysincerecongratulations.guaranteevt.保证；确保；肯定……必然发生n．保证；保修单；担保物•guaranteesb.sth./guaranteesth.tosb.保证某人某事guaranteetodosth./that...保证做某事；确保……•underguarantee在保修期内givesb.aguaranteethat...向某人担保/保证……(1)Thebride’scarislessthanayearold，soitisstillunderguarantee.(2)至于准备工作，提前阅读一些中文小说会确保让你融入汉语的环境中。Asforpreparation，readingsomeChinesenovelsinadvancewillguaranteetomakeyouadapttotheChineselanguageenvironment.(3)我向你保证一旦你读了这份英文报Youth你会爱上它。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)IgiveyouaguaranteethatyouwillbefondofitonceyoureadtheEnglishnewspaperYouth.worthyadj.值得……的；有价值的(worthadj.值得的，具有……价值的n．价格，价值worthwhileadj.重要的；有益的；值得做的)•beworthyof值得……beworthytobedone＝beworthyofbeingdone值得做某事•bewellworthdoing非常值得做•Itisworthwhiledoing/todosth.做某事是值得的由BBC制作的精良纪录片《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》值得观看。(2020·江苏，书面表达)(1)Thewell-madedocumentary，DuFu：China’sGreatestPoet，producedbyBBC，isworthyofbeingseen.(beworthyof)(2)Thewell-madedocumentary，DuFu：China’sGreatestPoet，producedbyBBC，isworthseeing.(worth)(3)Itisworthwhileseeing/toseethewell-madedocumentary，DuFu：China’sGreatestPoet，producedbyBBC.(worthwhile)inparticular尤其；特别(particularadj.特定的；特别的；挑剔的particularlyadv.特别；尤其)beparticularabout/over对……很讲究/挑剔(1)父母和教练尤其要给孩子们树立更好的榜样。Parentsandcoachesparticularly/inparticularshouldactasbetterexamplesforchildren.(2)只有讲究饮食，我们才能保持身体健康。①Wecankeepphysicallyhealthyonlywhenweareparticularabout/overfood.②Onlywhenweareparticularabout/overfoodcanwekeepphysicallyhealthy.(运用倒装句)bring...tolife赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来lead/livea...life过……的生活allone’slife终生；一辈子cometolife苏醒过来；变得活跃(comealive)用life短语的适当形式填空(1)Whenthesculptorfinallycametolife，wesighedinrelief.(2)Hedecidedtolead/liveamoresettledlifewithhispartner.(3)Itwasthatteacher’shumorthatbroughttheclasstolife.(4)Althoughtherepresentativeisverywealthy，hewon’twasteanythingallhislife.Whilehispaintingsstillhadreligiousthemes，theyshowedrealpeopleinarealenvironment.虽然他的绘画作品仍有宗教主题，但是它们展示了真实环境中真实的人。本句中的while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。while的其他用法：•作从属连词还可引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间，当……时”。•作并列连词，表示“然而，而”。•作名词，表示“一会儿，一段时间”。(1)正如古老谚语所说：“趁热打铁。”Astheoldsayinggoes，“Strikewhiletheironishot.”(2)尽管我们不能预测未来会发生什么，但我们可以用决心和爱指引自己。(读后续写之升华句)Whilewecan’tpredictwhatwillhappeninthefuture，wecanguideourselveswithdeterminationandlove.(3)参观这次展览的时候，我们不仅可以欣赏民间艺术品，而且可以学到很多东西。①Whilewearevisitingthisexhibition，wewillnotonlyenjoythefolkartworksbutalsolearnalot.②Whilevisitingthisexhibition，wewillnotonlyenjoythefolkartworksbutalsolearnalot.(状语从句的省略)(4)很快孩子们就忙着爆爆米花，而他们的妈妈则出去买纸袋了。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)Verysoonthechildrenwerebusypoppingthecorn，whiletheirmotherwentouttobuythepaperbags.用法点拨①while表示“虽然”时，不和连词but连用。②while还引导省略结构，后直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。Finally，mostclientswantedpaintingsthatwerebeautifulandinterestingtolookat.最后，大多数客户想要看上去既美丽又有趣的画。本句中含有句型“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”。•特点：不定式用主动形式表示被动意义•使用条件：使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：①不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；②常用形容词有：difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，interesting，exciting等。(1)即使这个问题很难解决，我也没有放弃，因为我坚信“有志者，事竟成”。Eventhoughtheproblemwasdifficulttosolve，Ididn’tgiveitupbecauseIfirmlybelievedthat“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway”．(2)我不仅容易相处而且我也乐意帮助处在困境中的人。(应用文写作之个人优势)①Iamnotonlyeasytogetalong/onwithbutalsowillingtohelpothersintrouble.②NotonlyamIeasytogetalong/onwithbutalsoIamwillingtohelpothersintrouble.(用倒装句改写)用法点拨在该结构中，若不定式为不及物动词，其后应加上相应的介词。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．declineeq\x(A.v.谢绝B.n.减少C.v.下降)(1)Manyfactorscontributedtothedecline，saidPatrickMcIntyre.(2019·浙江)B(2)Itisreportedthatthetemperaturewilldeclinesharplyinoneortwodays.C(3)Theministerdeclinedtomakeacommentonthelegend.A2．conveyeq\x(A.表达；传递B.运送；运输)(1)Thetrainconveysbothpassengersandgoods.B(2)Hismusicconveyshowhefeelsabouttheworld.A3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear.参赛作品(2)Shegainedonlyalittlerecognitionforherwork.赞誉Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．Thehard-workingoperatorhasreadalotandhasmuchknowledgeinmanyfields，whichcansethimapartfrommanyothers.2．Thecleverguyranking(rank)firstinthematchispopularwithhisclassmates.3．Whattheelderlymansaidjustnowhasagreatinfluence(influential)onourlife.4．Heparticularly(particular)likesthiskindofcarpet.5．Unexpectedly，hispracticalideasgotdeclined(decline)atthemeeting.6．Thehard-workingassistantwasdesperatetogainherboss’recognition(recognize)．7．Someknowledgeaboutfirstaidisworthyofbeinglearnt/learned(learn)forpeople’swelfare.8．Thegirloftencollapses，sohermotherisalwayscriticisingherforeatingsolittlefood.9．Iguaranteetotake(take)someeffectivemeasurestosettletheurgentproblem.10．Theinjuredmanwasbleedingtoacomaandtheparamedicsweretryingtobringhimtolife.Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练话题写作之传统文化——中国成语1．得知你对中国成语特别感兴趣，我非常高兴告诉你一些相关信息。(inparticular)LearningthatyouareinparticularinterestedinChineseidioms，Iammorethandelightedtotellyousomerelevantinformation.2．中国成语不仅传达更丰富多彩的含义而且使你的语言更加生动。(notjust...but...aswell)Chineseidiomsnotjustconveymorecolorfulmeaningsbutmakeyourlanguagemorevividaswell.3．对于外国人来说，许多中国成语是非常难理解的。(主语＋be＋adj.＋todo)Forforeigners，manyChineseidiomsarequitedifficulttounderstand.4．尽管你发现学习中国成语有困难，我相信你可以通过多练习掌握它们。(whil