考研考博-英语-广西自然资源职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广西自然资源职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Successfulscientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakenewexperimentscarefullyandobjectivelyto______them.

问题1选项

A.infuse

B.verify

C.restore

D.refute

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.infuse灌输；充满B.verify核实，查证

C.restore恢复，还原；归还D.refute反驳，驳斥

【答案】B

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句子意思“成功的科学家总是仔细地、客观地检查陈述，并进行新的实验来______它们”可知，新的实验一般都是用来证实一些结果或者发现，所以B项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】成功的科学家总是仔细地、客观地检查陈述，并进行新的实验来验证它们。

2.单选题

Atsometimeinyourlife,youmayhaveastrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible.However,chancesarethatyoudon'tactonyourimpulse,butletitpassinstead.Youknowthattocommittheactioniswronginsomewayandthatotherpeoplewillnotacceptyourbehavior.

Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudeonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime.Topicssuchasdeath,forexample,wereonceconsideredsoupsettingandunpleasantthatitwasatabootoeventalkaboutthem.NowwiththepublicationofimportantbookssuchasOnDeathandDyingandLearningtoSayGoodbye,peoplehavebecomemoreawareoftheimportanceofexpressingfeelingsaboutdeathand,asaresult,aremorewillingtotalkaboutthistaboosubject.

OneofthenewesttaboosinAmericansocietyisthetopicoffat.Unlikemanyothertaboos,fatisatopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly.It'snottaboototalkaboutfat;it'stabootobefat.The"in"lookisthin,notfat.Intheworkworld,mostcompaniespreferyouthful-looking,trimexecutivestoselltheirimagesaswellastheirproductstothepublic.Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouth,vigor,andsuccess.Thefatperson,ontheotherhand,isthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergy,self-discipline,andself-respectInanimage-conscioussocietyliketheU.S.,thinis"in",fatis"out".

It'snotsurprising,then,thatmillionsofAmericanshavebeenobsessedwithstayingslimand"inshape".Thepursuitofayouthfulphysicalappearanceisnot,however,thesolereasonforAmericans'fascinationwithdietandexercise.Recentresearchhasshownthecriticalimportanceofdietandexerciseforpersonalhealth.Asinmosttechnologicallydevelopednations,thelifestyleofNorthAmericanshaschangeddramaticallyduringthecourseofthelastcentury.Modernmachinesdoallthephysicallaborthatpeoplewereonceforcedtodobyhand.Carsandbusestransportusquicklyfrompointtopoint.Asaresultofinactivityanddisuse,people’sboodlescaneasilybecomeweakandvulnerabletodisease.Inanefforttoavoidsuchafate,millionsofAmericansarespendingmoreoftheirtimeexercising.

1.Fromthepassagewecaninfertaboois（

）.

2.Basedontheideasinthepassagewecanconclude"beingfat"inAmericansociety

（

）.

3.Thetopicoffatismanyothertaboosubjects

（

）.

4.Whatdoes"thinis'in',andfatis'out"mean?

5.Apartfromthisnewunderstandingofthecorrelationbetweenhealthandexercise:themainreasonthepassagegivesforwhysomanyAmericansareexercisingregularlyis（

）.

问题1选项

A.astrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible

B.acrimecommittedonimpulse

C.behaviorconsideredunacceptableinsociety’seyes

D.anunfavorableimpressionleftonotherpeople

问题2选项

A.willalwaysremainataboo

B.isnotconsideredasataboobymostpeople

C.haslongbeenataboo

D.maynolongerbeataboosomeday

问题3选项

A.thesameas

B.differentfrom

C.morepopularthan

D.lessoftentalkedabout

问题4选项

A.Thinis"inside",andfatis"outside".

B.Thinis"diligent",andfatis"lazy".

C.Thinis"youthful",andfatis"spiritless".

D.Thinis"fashionable",andfatis"unfashionable".

问题5选项

A.theirchangedlifestyle

B.theireagernesstostaythinandyouthful

C.theirappreciationoftheimportanceofexercise

D.theencouragementtheyhavereceivedfromtheircompanies

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键词taboo定位至第二段:Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudeonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime(或许，关于禁忌行为现象最有趣的一个事情是，它多年来如何能在同样的社会里发生变化和曾经被认为是禁忌的某些行为或观点如何能在另外—个时间点变得完全被接受和正常)。由此可知C项“不被公众接受的行为”正确。

2.判断推理题。第二段指出:Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudeonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime(或许，关于禁忌行为现象最有趣的一个事情是，它多年来如何能在同样的社会里发生变化和曾经被认为是禁忌的某些行为或观点如何能在另外一个时间点变得完全被接受和正常)。由此推测D项“总有一天不再是禁忌”正确。

3.细节事实题。根据题干关键词Thetopicoffat定位至第三段:Unlikemanyothertaboos,fatisatopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly(不同于其他禁忌，人们经常会谈到与肥胖有关的事情)。因此B项“不同于”正确。

4.语义题。根据题干关键词thinis“in”,andfatis“out”定位至第三段:Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouth,vigor,andsuccess.Thefatperson,ontheotherhand,isthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergy,self-discipline,andself-respectInanimage-conscioussocietyliketheU.S.,thinis“in”，fatis“out”(苗条的身材让人联想到年轻，活力和成功。另一方面，肥胖的人被认为是懒惰或缺乏活力、自我约束和自尊。在一个注重外表的国家，比如美国，苗条意味着…，而肥胖意味着…)。根据句意推测,“in”和“out”分别表示“年轻，活力和成功”和“懒惰或缺乏活力、自我约束和自尊”,故C项“瘦就是青春，胖就是缺乏活力”正确。

5.细节事实题。根据题干关键词healthandexercise和themainreason定位至最后一段:Thepursuitofayouthfulphysicalappearanceisnot,however,thesolereasonforAmericans'fascinationwithdietandexercise(然而，对年轻外表的追求，不仅仅是因为美国人对节食和身体锻炼的热衷),由此可知B项“对保持苗条和青春的追求”正确。

3.单选题

Botany,thestudyofplants,occupiesapeculiarpositioninthehistoryofhumanknowledge.Formanythousandsofyearsitwastheonefieldofawarenessaboutwhichhumanshadanythingmorethanthevaguestofinsights.ItisimpossibletoknowtodayjustwhatourStoneAgeancestorsknewaboutplants,butfromwhatwecanobserveofpre-industrialsocietiesthatstillexist,adetailedlearningofplantsandtheirpropertiesmustbeextremelyancient.Thisislogical.Plantsarethebasisofthefoodpyramidforalllivingthings,evenofotherplants.Theyhavealwaysbeenenormouslyimportanttothewelfareofpeoples,notonlyforfood,butalsoforclothing,weapons,tools,dyes,medicines,shelter,andagreatmanyotherpurposes.TribeslivingtodayinthejunglesoftheAmazonrecognizeliterallyhundredsofplantsandknowmanypropertiesofeach.Tothembotany,assuch,hasnonameandisprobablynotevenrecognizedasaspecialbranchof“knowledge”atall.Unfortunately,themoreindustrializedwebecomethefartherawaywemovefromdirectcontactwithplants,andthelessdistinctourknowledgeofbotanygrows.Yeteveryonecomesunconsciouslyonanamazingamountofbotanicalknowledge,andfewpeoplewillfailtorecognizearose,anapple,oranorchid.WhenourNeolithicancestors,livingintheMiddleEastabout10,000yearsago,discoveredthatcertaingrassescouldbeharvestedandtheirseedsplantedforricheryieldsthenextseason,thefirstgreatstepinanewassociationofplantsandhumanswastaken.Grainswerediscoveredandfromthemflowedthemarvelofagriculture:cultivatedcrops.Fromthenon,humanswouldincreasinglytaketheirlivingfromthecontrolledproductionofafewplants,ratherthangettingalittlehereandalittletherefrommanyvarietiesthatgrewwild—andtheaccumulatedknowledgeoftensofthousandsofyearsofexperienceandintimacywithplantsinthewildworldbegintofadeaway.

6.Whichofthefollowingassumptionsaboutearlyhumansisexpressedinthepassage?

7.Whatdoesthecomment“thisislogical”mean?

8.Accordingtothepassage,whyhasgeneralknowledgeofbotanybeguntofade?

9.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasthefirstgreatsteptowardthepracticeofagriculture?

10.Therelationshipbetweenbotanyandagricultureissimilartotherelationshipbetweenzoology(thestudyofanimals)and_____.

问题1选项

A.Theyprobablyhadextensiveknowledgeofplants.

B.Theythoughttherewerenoneedstocultivatecrops.

C.Theydidnotenjoythestudyofbotany.

D.Theyplacedgreatimportanceontheownershipofproperty.

问题2选项

A.Thereisnoclearwaytodeterminetheextentofourancestor’sknowledgeofplants.

B.Itisnotsurprisingthatearlyhumanshadadetailedknowledgeofplants.

C.Itisreasonabletoassumethatourancestorsbehavedverymuchlikepeopleinpre-industrialsocieties.

D.Humanknowledgeofplantsiswellorganizedanddetailed.

问题3选项

A.Peoplenolongervalueplantsasausefulresource.

B.Botanyisnotrecognizedasaspecialbranchofscience.

C.Researchisunabletokeepupwiththeincreasingnumbersofplants.

D.Directcontactwithavarietyofplantshasdecreased.

问题4选项

A.Theinventionofagriculturalimplementsandmachinery.

B.Thedevelopmentofasystemofnamesforplants.

C.Thediscoveryofgrassesthatcouldbeharvestedandreplanted.

D.Thechangingdietsofearlyhumans.

问题5选项

A.deerhunting

B.sheepraising

C.birdwatching

D.horsebackriding

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】6.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第三句话ItisimpossibletoknowtodayjustwhatourStoneAgeancestorsknewaboutplants,butfromwhatwecanobserveofpre-industrialsocietiesthatstillexist,adetailedlearningofplantsandtheirpropertiesmustbeextremelyancient.“今天我们不可能知道我们石器时代的祖先对植物到底了解多少，但从我们对仍然存在的前工业社会的观察来看，对植物及其特性的详细了解肯定是非常古老的”。第二步综合理解，从这里可知现在我们对植物的了解都非常的古老，这些了解都是古代人积累出来的，由此可知A选项“他们可能有丰富的植物知识”正确。

B选项“他们认为没有必要种植庄稼”，文章没有提及古人认为种植植物是否必要，这里属于无中生有。

C选项“他们不喜欢研究植物学”，文章没有提及古人是否喜欢研究植物学，这里属于无中生有。

D选项“他们非常重视财产所有权”，文章没有提及财产所有权，定位到第七句话TribeslivingtodayinthejunglesoftheAmazonrecognizeliterallyhundredsofplantsandknowmanypropertiesofeach.“如今生活在亚马逊丛林中的部落实际上认识了数百种植物，并知道每种植物的许多特性”，这里的property不是“财产”而是“特性”的意思，这里属于曲解原文。

7.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。第一步寻找句内线索，第四句话没有线索。第二步联系上下文，上文讲到古人除了对植物有模糊的认识其他的什么都不知道，而且我们现在所知道的植物知识已经相当古老了。后面讲到植物的用处很多，植物可以用来作为粮食、衣服、武器、染色剂等等，综上可知答案选B选项“早期人类对植物有详细的了解并不奇怪”。

A选项“没有明确的方法来确定我们祖先对植物的了解程度”，文章没有提及，这里属于无中生有。

C选项“有理由假设我们的祖先的行为非常像前工业社会的人们”，文章没有提及，这里属于无中生有。

D选项“人类对植物的了解是有条理和详细的”，文章没有提及，这里属于无中生有。

8.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。第一步精准定位，定位到第九句Unfortunately,themoreindustrializedwebecomethefartherawaywemovefromdirectcontactwithplants,andthelessdistinctourknowledgeofbotanygrows.“不幸的是，工业化程度越高，我们离与植物的直接接触越远，我们对植物学的了解也就越少。”以及最后两句Grainswerediscoveredandfromthemflowedthemarvelofagriculture:cultivatedcrops.Fromthenon,humanswouldincreasinglytaketheirlivingfromthecontrolledproductionofafewplants,ratherthangettingalittlehereandalittletherefrommanyvarietiesthatgrewwild—andtheaccumulatedknowledgeoftensofthousandsofyearsofexperienceandintimacywithplantsinthewildworldbegintofadeaway.“谷物被发现了，农业的奇迹也随之而来：种植庄稼。从那时起，人类将越来越多地从少数植物的控制生产中获取生活，而不是从许多野生品种中一点点，一点点获取——数万年的经验和与野生世界植物的亲密关系所积累的知识开始消失”。第二步，综合理解，由此可知植物学开始衰退是因为人们的直接接触减少了，所以答案选D选项“与各种植物的直接接触减少了”。

A选项“人们不再把植物视为有用的资源”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

B选项“植物学没有被认为是一门特殊的科学”。定位到文章第一句话Botany,thestudyofplants,occupiesapeculiarpositioninthehistoryofhumanknowledge“植物学，即对植物的研究，在人类知识史上占有特殊的地位”，这里讲的是植物学在人类历史上占特殊地位但没有说植物学是特殊学科，这里属于无中生有。

C选项“研究跟不上植物数量的增长”。文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

9.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到文章倒数第三句WhenourNeolithicancestors,livingintheMiddleEastabout10,000yearsago,discoveredthatcertaingrassescouldbeharvestedandtheirseedsplantedforricheryieldsthenextseason,thefirstgreatstepinanewassociationofplantsandhumanswastaken.“大约一万年前生活在中东的新石器时代的祖先们发现某些草能被收获，它们的种子下一季耕种会收获更多时，人类就迈出了人和植物之间的新关系第一大步”。第二步，综合理解，由此可知答案选C选项“发现可以收获和重新种植的草”。

A选项“农具和机械的发明”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

B选项“植物名称系统的发展”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

D选项“早期人类饮食的变化”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

10.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】事实细节题。第一步寻找句内线索，植物学和农业的关系是一个利用关系，根据文章可知人类是利用植物性发展出了农业，因此这里也是动物学和所选之项也是一个利用关系，所以答案选B选项“养羊”，人类利用动物学发展了畜牧业，畜牧业包括养羊。

A选项“狩鹿”，狩鹿不需要动物学参与，属于反向干扰。

C选项“赏鸟”，赏鸟不需要动物学参与，属于反向干扰。

D选项“骑马”，骑马不需要动物学参与，属于反向干扰。

4.单选题

PainterFridaKahlo(1910―1954)oftenusedharrowingimagesderivedfromherMexicanheritagetoexpresssufferingcausedbyadisablingaccidentandastormymarriage.Suggestingmuchpersonalandemotionalcontent,herworks—manyofthemself-portraits—havebeenexhaustivelypsychoanalyzed,whiletheirpoliticalcontenthasbeenlessstudied.YetKahlowasanardentpoliticalactivistwhoinherartsoughtnotonlytoexploreherownroots,butalsotochampionMexico’sstruggleforanindependentpoliticalandculturalidentity.

KahlowasinfluencedbyMarxism,whichappealedtomanyintellectualsinthe1920sand1930s,andbyMexicannationalism.InterestinMexico’scultureandhistoryhadrevivedinthenineteenthcentury,andbytheearly1900s,Mexicanindigenistatendenciesrangedfromaviolentlyanti-SpanishidealizationofAztecMexicotoanemphasisoncontemporaryMexicanIndiansasthekeytoauthenticMexicanculture.Mexicannationalism,reactingagainstcontemporaryUnitedStatespoliticalinterventioninlabordisputesaswellasagainstpastdominationbySpain,identifiedtheAztecsasthelastindependentrulersofanindigenouspoliticalunit.Kahlo’sformofMexicanidad,aromanticnationalismthatfocusedupontraditionalartunitingallindigenistas,reveredtheAztecsasapowerfulpre-ColumbiansocietythathadunitedalargeareaoftheMiddleAmericasandthatwasthoughttohavebeenbasedoncommunallabor,theMarxistideal.

Inherpaintings,KahlorepeatedlyemployedAztecsymbols,suchasskeletonsorbleedingheartsthatweretraditionallyrelatedtotheemanationoflifefromdeathandlightfromdarkness.TheseimagesofdestructioncoupledwithcreationspeaknotonlytoKahlo’spersonalbattleforlife,butalsototheMexicanstruggletoemergeasanation—byimplication,toemergewiththepoliticalandculturalstrengthadmiredintheAzteccivilization.Self-portraitontheBorderbetweenMexicoandtheUnitedStates(1932),forexample,showsKahlowearingabonenecklace,holdingaMexicanflag,andstandingbetweenahighlyindustrializedUnitedStatesandanagricultural,preindustrialMexico.OntheUnitedStatessidearemechanisticandmodemimagessuchassmokestacks,lightbulbs,androbots.Incontrast,theorganicandancientsymbolsontheMexicanside—ablood-drenchedSun,lushvegetation,anAztecsculpture,apre-Columbiantemple,andaskullalludingtothosethatlinedthewallsofAztectemples—emphasizetheinterrelationoflife,death,theearth,andthecosmos.

KahloportrayedAztecimagesinthefolkloricstyleoftraditionalMexicanpaintings,therebyheighteningtheclashbetweenmodemmaterialismandindigenoustradition;similarly,shefavoredplannedeconomicdevelopment,butnotattheexpenseofculturalidentity.Heruseoffamiliarsymbolsinareadilyaccessiblestylealsoservedhergoalofbeingpopularlyunderstood;inturn,KahloisviewedbysomeMexicansasamythicfigurerepresentativeofnationalismitself.

31.Whichoneofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainpointofthepassage?

32.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsconcerningpsychoanalyticandpoliticalinterpretationsofKahlo'sworkwouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagree?

33.WhichoneofthefollowingstancestowardtheUnitedStatesdoesthepassagementionascharacterizingMexicannationalistsintheearlytwentiethcentury?

34.Inthecontextofthepassage,whichoneofthefollowingphrasescouldbestbesubstitutedfortheword"romantic"（Paragraph2,Line7）withoutsubstantiallychangingtheauthor'smeaning?

35.ThepassageimpliesthatKahlo'sattitudetowardtheeconomicdevelopmentofMexicowas（）.

问题1选项

A.ThedoctrinesofMarxistideologyandMexicannationalismheavilyinfluencedMexicanpaintersofKahlo’sgeneration.

B.Kahlo’spaintingscontainnumerousreferencestotheAztecsasanindigenousMexicanpeoplepredatingEuropeaninfluence.

C.AnimportantelementofKahlo’sworkisconveyedbysymbolsthatreflectheradvocacyofindigenousMexicancultureandMexicanpoliticalautonomy.

D.TheuseofAztecimagesandsymbolsinKahlo’sartcanbetracedtothelatenineteenth-centuryrevivalofinterestinMexicanhistoryandculture.

问题2选项

A.ThepsychoanalyticinterpretationsofKahlo’sworktendtochallengethepoliticalinterpretations.

B.PoliticalandpsychoanalyticinterpretationsarenetplementaryapproachestoKahlo’swork.

C.RecentpoliticalinterpretationsofKahlo’sworkarecausingpsychoanalyticcriticstorevisetheirowninterpretations.

D.Unlikethepoliticalinterpretations,thepsychoanalyticinterpretationsmakeuseofbiographicalfactsofKahlo’slife.

问题3选项

A.OppositiontoUnitedStatesinvolvementininternalMexicanaffairs.

B.DesiretodecreaseemigrationoftheMexicanlaborforcetotheUnitedStates.

C.DesiretoimproveMexico’seconomiccompetitivenesswiththeUnitedStates.

D.ReluctancetoimitatetheUnitedStatesmodelofrapidindustrialization.

问题4选项

A.Dreamyandescapist.

B.Nostalgicandidealistic.

C.Fancifulandimaginative.

D.Transcendentalandimpractical.

问题5选项

A.enthusiastic

B.condemnatory

C.cautious

D.noncommittal

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】31.文章主旨题。浏览全文，本文的主题人物是PainterFridaKahlo,全文的主题句为原文第一段最后一句，“YetKahlowasanardentpoliticalactivistwhoinherartsoughtnotonlytoexploreherownroots,butalsotochampionMexico’sstruggleforanindependentpoliticalandculturalidentity.（然而，卡罗是一位热情的政治活动家，在她的艺术中，她不仅寻求探索自己的根源，而且还支持墨西哥争取独立的政治和文化身份的斗争。）”其中的关键词为herart，politicalactivist和politicalandculturalidentity。从而得出本题答案。

32.

细节推断题。原文第三段第二句中的byimplication体现了作者的想法，“byimplication,toemergewiththepoliticalandculturalstrengthadmiredintheAzteccivilization.Self-portraitontheBorderbetweenMexicoandtheUnitedStates(1932),forexample,showsKahlowearingabonenecklace,holdingaMexicanflag,andstandingbetweenahighlyindustrializedUnitedStatesandanagricultural,preindustrialMexico.”而political与选项B重现；notonly...butalso...体现了Kahlo作品中Political和psychoanalytic为互相补充的关系。从而得出本题答案。

33.事实细节题。根据题干关键词theearlytwentiethcentury可定位原文第二段第二句。“InterestinMexico’scultureandhistoryhadrevivedinthenineteenthcentury,andbytheearly1900s,Mexicanindigenistatendenciesrangedfromaviolentlyanti-SpanishidealizationofAztecMexicotoanemphasisoncontemporaryMexicanIndiansasthekeytoauthenticMexicanculture.（19世纪，人们对墨西哥文化和历史的兴趣重新燃起，到20世纪初，墨西哥原住民主义的倾向从对阿兹特克墨西哥的强烈反西班牙理想化，到强调当代墨西哥印第安人是真正墨西哥文化的关键。）”从而得出本题答案。

34.语义题。根据题干信息定位到第二段最后一句。“Kahlo’sformofMexicanidad,aromanticnationalismthatfocusedupontraditionalartunitingallindigenistas,reveredtheAztecsasapowerfulpre-ColumbiansocietythathadunitedalargeareaoftheMiddleAmericasandthatwasthoughttohavebeenbasedoncommunallabor,theMarxistideal.”romantic的意思为“浪漫的；多情的；空想的”，根据原文中的traditional,ideal判断得出本题答案。

35.

细节推理题。根据题干关键词Kahlo’sattitude,theeconomicdevelopmentofMexico可以定位到最后一段第一句，“KahloportrayedAztecimagesinthefolkloricstyleoftraditionalMexicanpaintings,therebyheighteningtheclashbetweenmodemmaterialismandindigenoustradition;similarly,shefavoredplannedeconomicdevelopment,butnotattheexpenseofculturalidentity.”第一句中提到了Kahlo’sattitude，她支持plannedeconomicdevelopment，接着but转折，不能以culturalidentity为代价。从而得出本题答案。

5.单选题

Circustigers,althoughtheyhavebeentamed,can（）attacktheirtrainer.

问题1选项

A.unexpectedly

B.deliberately

C.reluctantly

D.subsequently

【答案】A

【解析】词义辨折题。Unexpectedly意外地,

出乎意料地；deliberately故意地，谨慎地；reluctantly不情愿地,嫌恶地；subsequently随后,

后来。句意：尽管马戏团里的老虎已经被驯服，却能出人意料地攻击它们的驯兽师。选项A符合句意。

6.单选题

Themanhadeithertoleavethecountryimmediatelyortosurrenderhimselftotheenemyandhadnootherchoice.

问题1选项

A.alternative

B.hope

C.resource

D.approach

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项alternative“二中选一；供替代的选择”；B选项hope“希望”；C选项resource“资源”；D选项approach“方式”。句意：这个人要么立即离开这个国家，要么向敌人投降，结合此处关键短语leavethecountry（离开这个国家）以及surrenderhimselftotheenemy（向敌人投降），可推测他是在两者之间进行选择，由此得知A选项正确。

7.单选题

ThegovernmentandMicrosoftplantosellaroundtheworldBritain’snewsystemforonlinetransactionsbetweencitizensandgovernmentafteritssuccessfullaunchintheUK.Akeystepinthegovernment’s$1.4billione-governmentprogramhasbeenonlinepaymentfortheInlandRevenuespay-as-you-earnscheme,someCustomsandExcisevalueaddedtaxprocedure,andclaimsforEuropeanUnionsubsidiesforfarmersallgoliveinthepastmonth.AtapresentationinSeattletoday,BillGates,Microsoft’sco-founderandchairman,willdemonstratetheBritishsystemto400governmentofficialsfrom80countriestoshowhowcitizensandbusinessescaninteractwithgovernmentovertheInternet.

“AlthoughsomeUSstatesareusingleadingedgetechnology,Europeingeneral,andtheUKinparticular,iswellaheadinimplementinge-governmentinitiatives.Itshouldputthecitizenatthecenterofthegovernment,”saysDavideVigano,generalmanagerofpublicsectoratthesoftwaregroup,“Theprojectshavebeenimplementedinjust15weeksusingMicrosoft’snettechnology,”saidAndrewPinder,thegovernment’se-envoy.“Thisisakeypieceofinfrastructure,broughtinontimeandonbudget,”hesaid.

Thesecuretransactiontechnologyistoberolledoutthroughabout200centralgovernmentdepartmentsandagenciesand482localgovernmentinstitutionsoverthenextfiveyearsinthedrivetohaveallofthegovernmentonlineby2005.ThesuccessfulimplementationisacoupforMicrosoftwhichistryingtobuildupitsenterprisesoftwarebusinessandhastargetede-government.Ithasabout1,000staffdedicatedtogovernmentbusiness.

“ThisisamilestoneforMicrosoft,”saidBarryGoffe,groupmanager,netenterprisesolutionsattheRedwood,Washingtonstate-basedcompany.“Twoyearsago,whenthetechnologyforsuccessfulintegrationdidnotexist,wewouldhavewalkedaway.”ThehardwarewassuppliedbyDell,andtheserversaremanagedbyCableandWireless.ThetechnologyisbasedonXML,anewlanguageprotocolthatallowsinformationtobelabeledandtheneasilyexchangedbetweencomputersondifferentplatforms.“Peoplewanttohangontotheirlegacysystemswhichhavebeenmassiveinvestments,butintegratingthesehasprovendifficultandexpensiveinthepast.It’sastonishinghowthefrictionhasbeenwipedoutbyXML,whichreducespaperwork,reducescomplexityandslashescosts,”saidMr.Goffe.

1.Thee-governmentsoftwareispartofMicrosoffs______.

2.Twoyearsago,thee-governmentprogramwasstillimpossibleduetothelackof______.

问题1选项

A.enterprisesoftwarebusiness

B.mostprofit-makingproducts

C.securetransactiontechnology

D.mostsophisticatedtechnology

问题2选项

A.advancedhardware

B.efficientseversmanagement

C.thelanguageprotocolXML

D.researchfunding

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干，可以定位到文章第三段第二句ThesuccessfulimplementationisacoupforMicrosoftwhichistryingtobuildupitsenterprisesoftwarebusinessandhastargetede-government.Ithasabout1,000staffdedicatedtogovernmentbusiness.（这一成功实施对微软来说是一场政变，微软正试图建立自己的企业软件业务，并将目标对准了电子政府）。A选项“软件企业”，根据文章内容，微软把电子政府作为软件企业，A选项正确。B选项“最赚钱的产品”，文章没有提到这一点，因此可排除。C选项“安全交易技术”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。D选项“最精湛技术”，不符合题意，可排除。因此正确答案为A选项。

2.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段第四句ThetechnologyisbasedonXML,anewlanguageprotocolthatallowsinformationtobelabeledandtheneasilyexchangedbetweencomputersondifferentplatforms.（该技术基于XML，这是一种新的语言协议，允许对信息进行标记，然后在不同平台上的计算机之间轻松交换）。由此可推测，两年前电子政府不可能是因为缺乏语言协议XML。C选项“语言协议XML”符合题意，C选项正确。A选项“硬件强化”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。B选项“高效的塞维管理”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。D选项“研究经费”，文章所说，整合这些系统既困难又昂贵，XML降低了复杂性，并削减了成本，因此D选项可排除。因此正确答案为C选项。

8.单选题

Thequalityofteachingshouldbemeasuredbythedegree______whichthestudents’potentialityisdeveloped.

问题1选项

A.to

B.of

C.with

D.in

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A项to“对”，B项of“……的”，C项with“和”，D项in“在……里”。Todegree表示“在……程度上，到……的程度”，thestudents’potentialityisdeveloped修饰thedegree，degree后面如果要用从句的话，在用which的同时还要加上介词to。句意：教学质量应以学生潜能开发的程度来衡量。因此A项正确。

9.单选题

Thepresidentmadea（

）speechattheopeningceremonyofthesportsmeeting,whichencouragedthesportsmengreatly.

问题1选项

A.vigorous

B.tedious

C.flat

D.harsh

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。vigorous“充满活力的，精力充沛的”;tedious“冗长的，单调乏味的”；flat“平淡的，平坦的”；harsh“严酷的，恶劣的”。句意：校长在运动会的开幕式上做了慷慨激昂的演讲，这极大地鼓舞了运动员们。根据下文which从句的内容可知这个演讲是慷慨激昂的，故A项符合题意，答案选A。

10.单选题

Youcanhireabicycleinmanyplaces.Usuallyyou’llhavetopaya（）.

问题1选项

A.deposit

B.deal

C.fare

D.fond

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项deposit“押金”；B选项deal“交易”；C选项fare“交通费”；D选项fond“钟爱”。句意：你可以在很多地方租到自行车。通常你要付押金。本句表示支付租车押金，因此A选项正确。

11.翻译题

Itistheexistenceofandtheabilitytocontrolpreciselythetwoindependentcharge-transportmechanismsthatmakepossiblealljunctionsemiconductordevices.

【答案】正是精确控制两个独立电荷传输机制的存在和能力使连接所有半导体器件成为可能。

12.单选题

Theteachersuggestedthestudentcomplete（

）researchbeforewritingthetermpaper.

问题1选项

A.intensive

B.expansive

C.expensive

D.exhaustive

【答案】D

【解析】句意:老师建议学生们在写学期论文前完成详尽的研究。

考查形容词辨析。Intensive密集的,彻底的;expansive广阔的,扩张的;expensive昂贵的;exhaustive详尽的,彻底的,全面的。故D符合句意。

13.单选题

Reebokexecutivesdonotliketoheartheirstylishathleticshoescalled“footwearforyuppies”.

TheycontendthatReebokshoesappealtodiversemarketsegments,especiallynowthatthecompanyoffersbasketballandchildren’sshoesfortheunder-18setandwalkingshoesforoldercustomersnotinterestedinaerobicsorrunning.Theexecutivesalsopointoutthatthroughrecentacquisitionstheyhaveaddedhikingboots,dressandcasualshoes,andhigh-performanceathleticfootweartotheirproductlines,allofwhichshouldattractnewandvariedgroupsofcustomers.

Still,despiteisemphasisonnewmarkets,Reebokplansfewchangesintheupmarketretailingnetworkthathelpedpushsalesto$1billionannually,aheadofallothersportsshoemarketers.Reebokshoes,whicharepricedfrom$27to$85,willcontinuetobesoldonlyinbetterspecialty,sportinggoods,anddepartmentstores,inaccordancewiththecompany’sviewthatconsumersjudgethequalityofthebrandbythequalityofitsdistribution.

Inthepastfewyears,theMassachusetts-basedcompanyhasimposedlimitsonthenumberofit:distributors(andthenumberofshoessuppliedtostores),partlyoutofnecessity.AttimestheunexpecteddemandforReebok’sexceededsupply,andthecompanycouldbarelykeepupwithordersfromthedealersitalreadyhad.Thesefulfillmentproblemsseemtobeundercontrolnow,butthecompa