大学英语四级汉译英50篇doc

TranslationDirections：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish．YoushoumwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2．(1)位于中国西南部云南省的丽江古城是中国保存最完整、最具民族特色的古城镇之一，同时也是享誉中外的世界级旅游文化名城。丽江地处云南、四川、西藏三省交汇处。公路四通八达(extendingina|directions)。丽江有多个汽车客运站，公路交通极为方便。游客在丽江古城闲逛，步行即可。当然也可乘坐出租车，起步价7元，每公里加价1．8元。如果在旅游旺季前往丽江旅行，一定要在出发前预定好房间。参考译文TheOldTownofLijiangatSouthwestChina’sYunnanProvinceisoneoftheancienttownsinChinathatarebestpreservedandhavemostethicalcharacteristics．It’salsoaworld．classtouristattractionwithexcellentfamehomeandabroad．LijiangislocatedattheintersectionofYunnan，SichuanandTibetprovinces，withhighwaysextendinginalldirections．ThereareanumberofbusterminalsinLijiang，withgreatconvenienceofroadtraffic．TouristsmaytakeatouroftheOldTownofLijiangbyeasystrollonfoot．Taxiesarecertainlyavailableaswell，withminimumchargeat7RMBYuan．andextral．8RMBYuanforeachadditionallkilometer．IfonevisitsLijiangatpeakseasonoftourism，onemustbookhotelroominadvance．(2)对于每个来北京旅游的游客来说，一定不可错过的美食无疑是北京烤鸭(Beijingroastduck)。烤鸭是具有世界声誉的北京著名菜式，由中国汉族人研制于明朝。在当时是宫廷食品。北京烤鸭既美昧又健康，也符合各民族人民的饮食习惯。2008年北京奥运会期间，北京烤鸭与中国水饺一起被纳入奥运菜单之中，受到了世界各国运动员的热烈追捧。在奥运村,平均每天要吃掉700只左右的北京烤鸭。参考译文ForeverytouristwhocomestoBeijin9，Beijingroastduckisundoubtedlyamust-not-misscuisine．RoastDuckisaworld-renownedBeijingspecialcuisine，developedbyChineseHanpeopleintheMingDynasty，andservedasroyalfoodatthattime．Beijingroastduckisbothdeliciousandgoodforhealth．ItalsomeetstheeatinghabitsofallethnicpeoplesinChina．Duringthetimeof2008BeijingOlympicGames，BeijingRoastDuckandChinesedumplingswereinductedintoChineseOlympicmenu，andmuchlovedbyathletesfromallovertheworld．IntheOlympicVillage，about700BeijingRoastDuckswereconsumedeverydayonaverage．(3)杭州位于中国东南沿海，是中国的“丝绸之府”(theHomeofSiIk)。意大利著名旅行家马可-波罗赞叹杭州为“世界上最美丽的华贵之城”。西湖位于杭州西部，以秀丽的湖光山色和众多的名胜古迹闻名中外。它是为数不多的免费5A景区。春夏秋冬都有其独特的魅力。饭后漫步西湖，看一看音乐喷泉，听一听街头弹奏，是一件惬意的事情。参考译文Hangzhou，locatedatsoutheastcoastofChina，is“theHomeofSilk”inChina．ThefamousItaliantravelerMarcoPolopraisedHangzhouas“themostbeautifulandluxuriouscityintheworld．”WestLakeinthewestofHangzhou，isfamousallovertheworldforbeautifullakesandmountainsbesidesnumerousrenownedattractions．Itisoneofthefewfree5A-rankscenicspots．WestLakehasitsownuniquecharminallseasons．It’sapleasantrecreationtowalkatthelakeafterdinner,takealookatmusicfountain，orlistentomusicperformanceonstreets．(4)蒙古族是一个富有传奇色彩的民族，对亚欧历史进程产生过巨大的影响。全球蒙古民族共约有820万，主要分布在中国、蒙古国、俄罗斯三个国家。蒙古族服饰包括长袍、腰带、靴子、首饰等，但因地区不同在样式上有所差异。中国境内的蒙古族主要居住在内蒙古自治区，全区现有蒙古族人口约达380万。自古以来，蒙古族人善于骑射，素有“马背上的民族”(thePeopIeonHorseback)之称。参考译文MongoliaisalegendarynationthatoncehadhugeimpactonthehistoryofasiaandEurope。Thereareabout8．2millionMongolianpeopleintotalinthewholeworld．TheyaremainlydistributedinthethreecountriesofChina，MongoliaandRussia．Mongoliancostumesincluderobes，belts，boots，jewelry,etc．，thatvaryindifferentstylesindifferentregions．MongolianswholiveintheterritoryofChinamainlyresideinInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion，inwhichtherealeabout3．8millionMongolianpeople．Sinceancienttimes，Mongolianpeoplealegoodatridingandshooting．Theyareknownas“thePeopleonHorseback”．(5)泼水节(Water-Sprink|ingFestiva|)是傣族最隆重的节日，也可以称之为傣族的“新年”。泼水节已有700多年的历史，一般在每年的4月13日举行，持续3至7天。大家用纯净的清水相互泼洒，祈求洗去过去一年的不顺，新的一年带着美好的愿望再次出发。人们把第三天视为最美好最吉祥的日子。在这天，人们观看龙舟竞赛，跳孔雀舞。活动内容丰富，场面极为热闹。除了我国傣族，亚洲其他国家，如泰国，也有庆祝泼水节的习俗。参考译文Water-SprinklingFestival(Songkran)isthemostimportantfestivaloftheDaiEthnicPeople，whichcanbealsocalled‘'NewYear”ofDaiPeople．Songkranhasover700yearsofhistory．It’sgenerallyheldonApril13eachyearandlastsabout3-7days．Peoplesplasheachotherwithpurewater,towashawaythebadluckinthepastyear,soastostartagainwithgoodwishesforthenewyear．Thethirddayistakenasthemostwonderfulandauspiciousday．Onthisday，peoplewatchdragonboatraces，andperformPeacockdances，withabundantactivitiesoffestivalhappiness．InadditiontotheDaipeopleinChina，SongkranFestivalisalsoobservedbyotherAsiancountriesincludingThailand．(6)随着人口老龄化增长趋势的日益显现，空巢老人中存在的问题也逐渐突出，关爱空巢老人越来越成为人们关注的话题。空巢老人是指那些孩子不在身边、独自居住的老年人。他们缺少家人关爱，生活寂寞。因为孩子们长时间不回家，家庭如同空巢一般。这些老人们很容易产生不良情绪。作为子女，即使远在异地，也应经常通过电话与父母进行感情和思想的交流。参考译文Withtheincreasinglyapparenttrendofagingpopulation，empty-nestelderlybecomeincreasingconcernsforpeople．Caringaboutlonelyeldersbecometopicsofincreasingconcern．Eldersofemptynestrefertothoselonelyelderswholivebythemselveswithouttheirchildrennearby．Theylackinfamilyloveandliveinloneliness．Sincetheirchildrenarenotwiththemforlong，theirhomeslooklikeemptynests．Theseeldersareapttohavenegativeemotions．Forthechildrenofelders，thoughlivingfaraway,it’sincumbentforthemtokeepregularcommunicationwiththeirparentsontheirfeelingsandthoughts．(7)外国媒体评选出十大最爱喝酒的国家，英国排在第一位。而中国则排在第二位。不可否认，全世界都有酒的文化。在各种社交中，饮酒往往是最常见的一种方式。酒的种类有很多。白酒在我国有着非常久远的文化，也是现代人聚会餐桌上不可缺少的东西。适当的喝酒对身体有好处，但饮酒过量甚至酗酒，对身体也会造成极大的伤害。参考译文Foreignmediahaveselectedtop10countriesfondofdrinking，withtheUnitedKingdomrankedfirst，whileChinacominginsecondplace．Undoubtedly,wineculturespreadsallovertheworld．Alcoholdrinkingisoftenoneofthemostcommonwaysinvarioussocialactivities．Therearemanytypesofwine．ChineseliquorhasverylonghistoryinChina．Itisalsoanessentialdrinkattimeofparties．Adequatedrinkingmaybegoodforhealth，butexcessivedrinkingoralcoholismcandogreatharmtoourbody．(8)谈起我国的吉祥艺术。不得不提鼻烟壶(SnuffbottIe)。尽管它的历史不长，却浓缩了历史悠久的中国传统文化；尽管鼻烟是舶来品，但鼻烟壶经过中国能工巧匠的精心打造，很快便成为一个独立的、崭新的工艺术美术品种；尽管它很袖珍，但集多种工艺之大成，被广大收藏爱好者视为珍贵文玩。鼻烟壶所蕴含的吉祥文化，不仅在装饰中表现得淋漓尽致，而且还表现在材质、造型等方面。参考译文Snuffbottleisamust-be-mentioneditemintermsofartofmascotinChina．Despiteitsshorthistory,itconcentratesthefeaturesoftraditionalChineseculturewithlonghistory．Snuffbottleoriginatedfromabroad，butitquicklybecameanindependentnewworkofartwithmeticulouseffortsbyChinesecraftsmen．Itlookssmall，butintegratestheculminationofavarietyoftechniques，andisdeemedbymanycollectorstobevaluableartwork．Snuffbottleimpliesauspiciousculture，whichisnotonlyvividlydisplayedindecoration，butalsoinmaterials，shapesandSOon．(9)故宫(Forbiddenoity)是世界上规模最大、保存最完整的帝王宫殿建筑群。它位于北京的中心，是明清两朝的皇宫。明朝的十四个皇帝和清朝的十个皇帝曾在这里居住，他们统治中国的时间长达491年。故宫始建于明朝永乐四年，历经15年方才建成，迄今已有570多年的历史。它占地72万多平方米，四周有各类宫殿房屋9900余间。故宫的建筑集中地体现了中国古代建筑艺术的精湛水平和民族特色。参考译文ForbiddenCityistheworld’Slargestandbestpreservedimperialpalacecomplex．ItislocatedinthecenterofBeijing，andservedasthePalacefortheMingandQingdynasties．14emperorsoftheMingdynastyand10emperorsoftheQingdynastyoncelivedhere．TheyruledChinaforupto491yearsintotal．ConstructionoftheImperialPalacestartedinthe4thyearofYonglereignofMingDynasty,andittook15yearstofinishtheconstruction．Ithasbeenstandingthereformorethan570yearsbynow．Thecomplexcoversmorethan720，000squaremeters，withmorethan9．900roomsinthesurroundin9．SophisticatedartofancientChinesearchitectureandnationalwisdomisintegratedinthebuildingsoftheImperialPalace．(10)微博，即微型博客(microbIog)，一般长度不超过140字，可以通过电脑或手机更新内容或查看页面。通过电脑，当然，更多地是通过手机，在等车、散步或者发呆的时候，人们即可完成与他人的沟通。有网友留言说，在微博上，每个人都是记录者和关注者。任何人都可以用网络或者手机，在最短的时间内，发布任何想说的话。微博的流行弥补了被快节奏的现代生活所撕裂的人际关系。参考译文Weibo，namelymicroblog，generallynolongerthan140words，canbeupdatedorvisitedthroughcomputersormobiles．Throughcomputers，orthroughmobilesasdonebymorepeople，communicationisdonebetweenpeoplewhentheyarewaitingforvehicles，walkingorlostintrance．Somenetizenspostthemessagethateverybodyisabloggerandfolloweronmicroblog，AnyonecanusetheInternetormobilephonetopublishwhattheywanttospeakintheshortestpossibletime．Popularizationofmicroblogsmakeupinterpersonalrelationshipsthataretornupbythefastpaceofmodernlife．(11)古代丝绸之路(si|kRoad)曾是中西陆路交通、文化交流的大动脉。远在公元前五世纪，中国丝绸就传到了希腊等遥远的西方国家。中华民族在绵延几千年为世界人民提供着绚美华贵(beautifu|ande|egant)的丝绸产品，为世界做出了巨大的贡献。丝绸之路，作为中国大西北的主要旅游路线，经过十几年的开发和建设，基础设施正在完善，已经成为中国诸多旅游产品中极具吸引力的一条主题线路。参考译文AncientSilkRoadwasthemainarteryoflandtransportandculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandtheWesternWorld．AsearlyasinthefifthcenturyBC，ChinesesilkspreadtodistantWesterncountriesincludingGreece．Inthousandsofyearsofhistory,Chinesenationprovidebeautifulandelegantsilkproductstotheworld，makingtremendouscontributionstotheworld．Aftermorethantenyearsofdevelopmentandconstruction，SilkRoad，asamaintouristrouteinnorthwestChina，enjoysgreatimprovementofinfrastructure，andhasbecomeoneofmanyattractivetourismthemesinChina．(12)中国高速客运铁路。常被简称为“中国高铁”。它作为现代社会的一种新的运输方式。有着运载能力大、运输效率高、运行速度快、节能环保等特点。在运载能力和效率上，一趟列车可以运送1000多人，每隔5分钟就可以开出一趟列车；在运行速度上，目前最高设计最低时速可达350公里；在节能环保上，高速铁路是绿色交通工具，非常适应节能减排(energy-sayingandemission-reduct；on)的要求。参考译文ChinaHighSpeedPassengerRailisoftenreferredtoasCRH(“ChinaRailwaysHigh-speed”)．Itisanewmodeoftransportationinmodernsociety，withbigcapacity，hightransportefficiency，fastspeed，energy-savingandenvironment-friendlyfeatures．Intermsofcarryingcapacityandefficiency,onetraincancarrymorethan1,000people，andthere’sonetrainsettingouteveryfiveminutes．Intheaspectofrunningspeed，thehighestspeedisupto350kmperhour．Astoenergy-savingandenvironmentalprotection，high-speedrailisgreentransportwhichwelladaptstotherequirementsofenergy-savingandemission-reduction．(13)当今世界，信息技术革命日新月异(advanceWjtheverypassingday)，对国际政治、经济、文化、社会、军事等领域发展产生了深刻影响。信息化和经济全球化相互促进。互联网已经融入社会生活方方面面，深刻改变了人们的生产和生活方式。我国正处在这个大潮之中，受到的影响越来越深。因此，网络安全和信息化也成为事关国家安全和国家发展、事关广大人民群众工作生活的重大战略问题。参考译文Intoday’sworld，informationtechnologyrevolutionadvanceswitheverypassingday,havingaprofoundimpactonthedevelopmentofpolitics，economy,culture，society,militaryandothersectorsatinternationalarena．Informationtechnologyenjoysmutualpromotionwitheconomicglobalization，withInternetintegratedintoallaspectsofsociallife，whichprofoundlychangespeople’sproductionandlife．Chinaisinthebigwaveofthetide，beingaffectedmoreandmoredeeply．Therefore，networksecurityandinformationtechnologyhasbecomeamajorstrategicissuerelatedtonationalsecurityandnationaldevelopment，besidestheworkandlivingconditionsofthebroadmasses．(14)雄居于我国东海岸中部的上海是长江三角洲的门户(gateway)，也是我国交通运输和国际贸易交易的重要枢纽(hub)。它地处南北海岸线中心，长江由此入海。交通便利，腹地宽阔，地理位置优越。黄浦江是上海的天然隔离带。把上海分割成了东、西两部分。浦西是上海的中心，也曾经是上海的骄傲，而浦东的开发越来越吸引全球的目光，已成为世人瞩目的焦点。参考译文InthemiddleoftheeastcoastofChina，ShanghaiisthegatewaytotheYangtzeRiverDelta，beinganimportanthuboftransportationandinternationaltrade．Itislocatedatthecenterofthenorth．southcoastline，withYangtzeRiverrunningintotheseaforgreatconvenienceoftransportation，besidesgeographicadvantageswithvastspaceofhinterland．HuangpuRiverisanaturalpartitionforShanghai，withShanghaidividedintoeasternandwesternparts．Puxi(theWestofHuangpuRiver)isthecenterofShanghai，andwasoncetheprideofShanghai，whilethedevelopmentofPudong(theEastofofHuangpuRiver)increasinglyattractsworldwideattention，becomesthefocusoftheglobe．(15)每年农历的正月十五日，春节刚过，迎来的就是中国的传统节日——元宵节(LanternFestivaI)。按中国民间的传统，在这天皓月高悬的夜晚，人们要点起彩灯万盏，以示庆贺。民间过元宵节还有吃元宵的习俗。元宵由糯米制成，或实心，或带馅。元宵也被称作汤圆(G|utinousRiceBa||s，orGatheringRiceBa||s)，象征全家人团团圆圆，和睦幸福，人们也以此怀念离别的亲人，寄托了对未来生活的美好愿望。参考译文OnlunarJanuaryl5thofeachyear，withSpringFestivaljustended，comestraditionalChinesefestival--LanternFestival．BytraditionamongChinesefolkpeople，dozensofthousandsoflanternsarelightedupatthisfull-moonilluminatednightforcelebrations．Amongfolkpeople，there’satraditiontoeatglutinousriceballs．Thericeballsaremadeofstickyrice，withsolidricestuffingorwithotherstuffin9．ThericeballsarealsocalledTangYuan(GatheringRiceBalls)，whichsymbolizehappygatheringofthewholefamilywithpeaceandprosperity．Peoplemayalsousethisfestivaltocherishgoodmemoriesoftheirlovedonesfaraway,andnourishtheirgoodwishesforthefuture．(16)中秋节(Mid-AutumnFestiva|)源自于人们对月亮的崇拜。我国是古老的农业国家，古人经长期观察认为，月亮的运行同农业生产和季节变化有很大关系，因此祭月就成了祈祷国家长治久安的一项重要祭祀活动。在长期的历史进程中，人们在祭月拜月的同时，又出现了赏月的习俗。中秋节成为固定的节日，大约是在唐代。北宋时期，中秋节已经成为普遍的民俗节日。参考译文Mid-AutumnFestivaloriginatedfrompeople’sworshiponthemoon．Chinaisanancientagriculturalcountry．Afterlong-termobservation，ancientChinesebelievedthatmovementofthemoonhasmajorinfluenceonagriculturalproductionandseasonalchanges，soworshiponthemoonbecameanimportantactivitywithsacrificeofferedtothemoon，toprayfortong-termprosperityofthecountry．Inlong-termprogressofhistory,peopledevelopedthecustomofcelebratingthemoonwhileholdingworshipactivities．Mid-AutumnFestivalbecameafixedfestivalapproximatelyinTangDynasty．InNorthemSongDynasty,Mid-AutumnFestivalhadbecomeapopularfolkfestivalnationwide．(17)每年农历七月初七这一天是我国汉族的传统节日七夕节(Doub|eSeventhFestiva|)。此日活动的主要参与者是少女，而节日活动的内容又是以乞巧(cuItivatingfemininewisdom)为主，故而人们称这天为“乞巧节”或“少女节”。七夕节是我国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日，也是过去姑娘们最为重视的日子。2006年5月20日，七夕节被国务院列入第一批国家非物质文化遗产名录。现又被认为是“中国情人节”。参考译文LunarJuly7theachyearisthetraditionalDoubleSeventhFestivalforHanpeopleinChina．Themainparticipantsofthisfestivalactivityaregirls．Theactivityfocusesoncultivatingfemininewisdom．Sopeoplecallthisholidayas“FeminineFestivalfqiqiaoFestival)”or“Girl’sFestival”．DoubleSeventhFestivalisthemostromanticholidayamongalltraditionalChinesefestivals，andwasoncethemostimportantholidayforgirls．OnMay20，2006，DoubleSeventhFestivalwasinductedintothefirstlotofnationalintangibleculturalheritagebytheStateCouncilofChina．Nowitisconsideredtobe“ChineseValentine’sDay”．(18)在中国历史文明中，庆祝春节的习俗很多，至今在民间保存最广的习俗之一则是贴春联(SpringFestjva|coup|ets)。春联以工整、对偶、简洁、精巧的文字描绘时代背景，抒发美好愿望，是我国特有的文学形式。每逢春节，无论城市还是农村，家家户户都要精选一幅大红春联贴于门上，为节日增加喜庆气氛。这一习俗起于宋代，在明代开始盛行，到了清代，春联的思想性和艺术性都有了很大的提高。参考译文InthehistoryofChinesecivilization，therearemanytraditionalcustomstocelebrateChineseNewYear，amongwhichthemostwidely-observedactivityisSpringFestivalcouplets．SpringFestivalcoupletstakeadvantageofneatly-organized，dually-pairing，simple，energeticanddelicateChinesecharacterstodescribethebackgroundoftimeandexpressgoodwishes．It’saspecialliteraryactivityinChina．UponSpringFestival，everyhousehold，whetherurbanorrural，willchooseapairofredcoupletstobepostedonthedoor，whichaddstothefestivalatmosphere．ThispracticeoriginatedinSongDynasty,andbegantoprevailinMingDynasty．TheideologicalandartisticfeaturesofSpringFestivalcoupletsweregreatlyimprovedinQingDynasty．(19)舞狮子(Liondance)，是我国优秀的民间艺术。每逢元宵佳节或集会庆典，民间都以狮舞前来助兴。这一习俗起源于三国时期，南北朝时开始流行，至今已有一千多年的历史。狮子为百兽之尊，形象雄伟俊武，给人以威严、勇猛之感。古人将它当作勇敢和力量的象征。认为它能驱邪镇妖、保佑人畜平安。所以人们逐渐形成了在元宵节时及其他重大活动里舞狮子的习俗，以祈望生活吉祥如意，事事平安。参考译文LiondanceisanoutstandingperformanceartamongChinesefolkpeople．OnLanternFestivalorpartycelebrations，liondanceisheldtoaddtothehappyatmosphere．ThiscustomoriginatedintheThreeKingdomsperiod，andbecamepopularduringtheSouthernandNorthemDynasties．Uptodate，ithasmorethan1，000yearsofhistory．Lion，thekingofanimals，lookingmajesticandpowerful，impressespeoplewithstatelyandvigorouspresence．Peopleatancienttimetookitasasymbolofcourageandstrength，andbelievedthatitcandriveoutthedevils，andblesslivestockandpeopleforsafetyandpeace．SopeoplegraduallyformedthecustomofcelebratingwithliondanceonLanternFestivalorothermajorevents，inordertoprayforgoodluck，peaceandprosperity．(20)中国被誉为陶瓷之国，景德镇被称为陶瓷之都(theCityofceramics)。瓷器最早出现于商代中晚期。距今已有八千多年的悠久历史。随着时代的发展，瓷器的用途越来越多，既可以用来盛放东西，也可以作装饰之用。多姿多彩的瓷器是中国古代的伟大发明之一。“瓷器”与“中国”在英文中同为一词。充分说明中国瓷器的精美绝伦完全可以作为中国的代表。参考译文Chinaisknownasthecountryofceramics，whileJingdezhen(JingdeTown)isknownasthecityofceramics．CeramicsandporcelainwarefirstappearedinthemiddleandlateeraofShangDynasty,datingbackovereightthousandyearsofhistory．Withthedevelopmentoftimes，porcelainwareisusedmoreandmorewidely．Itsnotonlyusedtoholdorcanthings，butalsousedfordecorationpurposes．ColorfulporcelainisoneofthegreatinventionsofancientChina．Theword“china”forporcelainisofthesamewordforthecountryof“China”：misclearlyshowsthatexquisiteporcelainwareofchinacanbeusedastherepresentativeofChina．(21)中国是世界上发现与使用蚕丝最早的国家，人们在四五千年前就已经开始养蚕了。随着蚕丝的使用，刺绣工艺也逐渐兴起。宋代时期，崇尚刺绣服装的风气已逐渐在民间广泛流行，这也促使了中国刺绣工艺(ChineseEmbrojdery)的发展。刺绣的用途广泛，包括生活和艺术装饰等。刺绣作为中国优秀的民族传统工艺，在国外也享有很高的声誉，是中国文化艺术的杰出代表之一。参考译文Chinaisthefirstcountryintheworldthatdiscoveredsilkandusedit．Peoplestartedsericultureaboutfourorfivethousandyearsago．Withtheuseofsilk，embroiderygraduallyemerged．IntheperiodofSongDynasty，theculturefashiononembroideredclothingbecamewidelypopularamongthefolkpeople，whichalsocontributedtothedevelopmentofChineseEmbroidery．Embroideryiswidelyused，includingdailyuseandartofdecoration．AsanoutstandingtraditionalChinesecrafts，embroideryalsoenjoyshighreputationinforeigncountries．ItisoneoftheoutstandingrepresentativesofChinesecultureandarts．(22)在全球变暖的大背景下，低碳经济(|ow-carboneconomy)受到越来越多国家的关注。低碳经济是以减少温室气体排放为目标，以低能耗、低污染为基础的经济发展方式。近些年来，科学界以及各国政府已基本达成一致，推行低碳经济是避免气候发生灾难性变化、保持人类可持续发展的有效方法之一。以公众的消费选择引导和鼓励企业开发低碳产品技术，向低碳生产模式转变，最终达到减少全球温室气体的效果。参考译文Inthecontextofglobalwarming，low-carboneconomybecomestheinterestofmoreandmorecountries．Low-carboneconomyisbasedonthegoalofreducingemissionsofgreenhousegas，pursuinglowenergyconsumptionandlowpollutioninthecourseofeconomicdevelopment．Inrecentyears，thescientificcommunityandgovernmentshavebasicallyagreedthatit’soneoftheeffectivemethodstoavoidcatastrophicclimatechangeandtomaintainsustainabledevelopmentforhumanbeingsbypromotinglow-carboneconomy．Byguidingpublicconsumptionandencouragingenterprisestodeveloplow-carbontechnologyproducts，transformationtolow-carbonproductionismadeSOastoachievetheultimategoalofreducinggreenhousegasintheglobe．(23)“上海艺术影像展”(PhotoShanghaiExposition)是中国首个专注于艺术影像的国际博览会，也是亚太地区级别最高的艺术影像博览会。展会为了响应亚太地区日益繁荣的摄影市场而创办的。将于2014年9月于上海市地标上海展览中心举行。届时，来自全球的将近70家全球领先摄影画廊和艺术机构将齐聚上海。其中包括许多欧美摄影艺术机构。展会将重点推出亚洲当代摄影作品。参考译文“PhotoShanghaiExposition”isthefirstinternationalexpositionheldbyChinawithfocusonphotoarts，whichisalsothetop-rankexhibitionofphotoartgalleryinAsia-Pacificregion．TheexhibitionisfoundedforthegrowingprosperityofphotographyinAsia-Pacificregion，andtheeventwillbecarriedoutinSeptember，2014atShanghaiExhibitionCentre，alandmarkinShanghai．Atthattime，nearly70leadingphotographygalleriesandartinstitutionsfromaroundtheworldwillgatherinShanghai，amongwhichtherearemanyEuropeanandAmericanartphotographyagencies．TheexhibitionwillfocusonlaunchofcontemporaryAsianphotography．(24)寺庙文化完整地保存了我国各个朝代的历史文物，在国家公布的全国文物保护单位中。寺庙及相关设施占一半，不愧称之为“历史文物的保险库”(SafeTreasuryofCultura|Heritage)。寺庙建筑与传统宫殿建筑形式相结合，具有鲜明的民族风格和民俗特色。同时，寺庙文化已渗透到我们生活的各个方面：如天文、地理、书法、雕刻等。各地一年一度的庙会如火如荼，不仅丰富了各地的文化氛围，同时促进了地方旅游业的发展。参考译文HistoricalrelicsofvariousdynastiesinChinaarewellpreservedintempleculture．Amongtheprotectednationalculturalrelicsaspublishedbygovernment，morethan50％aretemplesandrelevantfacilities，whichfullydeservethetitle“SafeTreasuryofCulturalHeritage”．Templearchitectureiscombinedwithtraditionalarchitectureofimperialpalaces，displayingdistinctivenationalstyleandfolkcharacteristics．Meanwhile．templeculturehaspenetratedintoeveryaspectofourlives，suchasastronomy,geography,calligraphy,sculptureandsoon．Annualfestivalactivitiesarebustlingintemplesalloverthecountry,whichnotonlyenrichlocalculturalatmosphere，butalsopromotethedevelopmentoflocaltourism．(25)世界文化遗产——龙门石窟(LongmenGrottoes)，是我国三大佛教石窟艺术宝库之一。龙门石窟自北魏孝文帝迁都洛阳开始动工，历经400多年的雕刻，现存窟龛2300多个，雕像10万余尊，碑刻题记30多万字。龙门石窟以大量的实物形象和文字资料从不同侧面反映了中国古代政治、经济、宗教、文化等许多领域的发展变化，对中国石窟艺术的创新和发展做出了重大贡献。参考译文AsWorldHeritage，LongmenGrottoesareoneofthethreemajortreasuresofBuddhistartgrottoesinChina．ConstructionofLongmen’GrottoesbeganatthetimeEmperorXiaowenmovedthecapitalofNorthemWeiDynastytoLuoyangcity，andthecarvingworktookmorethan400years．Amongexistingrelics，therearemorethan2，300niches，morethan100，000statuesandover300，000charactersofinscriptions．Byusingalotofphysicalimagesandtextdescriptions，LongmenGrottoesdisplaythehistoryofvarioussectorsinancientChinaincludingpolitics．economy,religionandcultureetc，makingsignificantcontributiontoChinesegrottoart．(26)麻将是中国人主要的休闲娱乐之一。它起源于中国，其历史可追溯到三四千年以前。麻将原是皇家和王公贵族们的游戏，在长期的历史演变过程中，逐步从宫廷流传到民间，到清朝中期基本定型。麻将自1920年传入美国后。受欢迎的程度并不比在中国逊色。在南加州就常常举办麻将比赛。有人说，麻将之所以在国外那么受欢迎，正是源于外国人对中国古老文化的认知和认同(recognitionandacceptance)。参考译文MahjongisoneofthemajorleisureandentertainmentactivitiesforChinesepeople．ItoriginatedinChina，datingbackto3，000or4，000yearsago．Mahjongwasoriginallyagameplayedbyroyalfamiliesandnobilities．Inthelonghistoryofevolution，itgraduallyspreadfrompalacetothepublic．Atthetimeofmid-QingDynasty,thestyleofgamewasbasicallyfixed．Afterit’sintroducedintotheUnitedStatesin1920，MahjongenjoyedsamepopularitytherejustasinChina．MahjonggamesareoftenheldinSouthernCalifornia．Somepeoplebelievethatthefactthatmahjongissopopularinforeigncountriesderivesfromforeigners’recognitionandacceptanceofancientChineseculture．(27)新疆民族工艺品和地方土特产历史悠久，品种繁多，具有独特的民族风格，深受中外游客的喜爱。新疆和田玉(Hotanjade)石中华民族的瑰宝，曾几次提名要作为中国的“国石”。早在新石器时代(NeoIithicAge)，昆仑山下的祖先们就发现了和田玉，并作为瑰宝和友谊媒介向东西方运送和交流，形成了我国最古老的和田玉运输通道“玉石之路”，即后来的“丝绸之路”的前身。参考译文Xinjianghasvarietiesofethnichandicraftsandspeciallocalproducts，whichhavelonghistory,featuringuniqueethnicstyle，andarelovedbybothChineseandforeigntourists．HotanjadeofXinjiangisthetreasureofChinesenation，andwasnominatedasChina’S“nationaljade”onseveraloccasions．AsearlyasintheNeolithicAge，ChineseancestorslivingatthefootofKunlunmountainsdiscoveredHotanJade，andtookitastreasureofgiftsforfriendship，spreadingittobotheastandwest，whichshapedupthe“JadeRoad“thatistheoldestroadtotransportHotanJade，isalsothepredecessorof“SilkRoad”．(28)如今，如果你告诉别人你会联系对方，他或她可能不会问你什么时候联系，但是会问以什么方式联系。现代科技已经极大的改变了我们的沟通方式，它提供给我们在任何时候都能保持联系的多种方式。对于小型或是中型企业，这意味着对于竞争力的保持来说是巨大的机会，他们了解技术发展的趋势并且能很好地应用自身的优势(appIYtheirownadvantages)。参考译文Nowadays，ifyoutellsomeoneyouwillcontacthimorher，heorshemaynotaskyouwhattimetocontact，butwillaskinwhatwayforcommunication．Modemtechnologyhasgreatlychangedthewaywecommunicate，whichmakesitpossibleforustocommunicateinmanywaysatanytime．Forsmallormedium-sizedenterprises，itmeanshugeopportunitytokeepcompetitive．Theymaylearnthetrendoftechnologicaldevelopmentandapplytheirownadvantages．(29)在如今的信息化时代，网络团购(On|iRegroup-buying)作为一种新的销售方式，以其价格便宜、形式新颖灵活，深受年轻人以及时尚人士的追捧。截止到2011年7月，全国团购网站已经超过5000家。但是。消费者在享受网络团购带来的实惠时也出现了一些问题，如假冒名牌产品、服务缩水、价格欺诈等现象。据消费者协会调查，近期接到的有关网络团购的投诉呈上升趋势。消费者们在购物时应保持清醒的头脑。参考译文Atthisinformationage，onlinegroup-buyinghasemergedasanewwayofsales，whichisfeaturedwithlowpriceandflexiblewayofoperation，andispopularforyoungpeopleandfashionfollowers．AsofJuly2011，therearemorethan5，0009roup.buyingwebsitesinChina．However，whenconsumersenjoythebenefitsbroughtbyonlinegroup-buying，problemsalsooccur，suchasproductsoffakebrand，cut-downofservices，fraudonpriceandotherphenomena．AccordingtosurveybyChinaConsumers’Association，there’sanincreasingtrendinthenumberofcomplaintsaboutonlinegroup-buying．Consumersshouldkeepclearmindattimeofshopping．(30)长江发源于“世界屋脊”——青藏高原的唐古拉山脉(TanggulaMountairlsorDangIaMountainRange)。全长6300余千米，比黄河长800余千米，长度仅次于非洲的尼罗河和南美洲的亚马孙河，居世界第三位。长江自然风光优美，历史积淀深厚，也是中国主要的旅游景点，在那里，你可以欣赏到壮丽的三峡和宏伟的三峡大坝。约占全国面积五分之一的长江流域养育了全国三分之一的人口。长江的开发与保护是影响全国社会经济发展的大事。参考译文YangtzeRiveroriginatesfromTanggulaMountainsofQinghai-TibetPlateau，the“roofoftheworld”．Itstotallengthis6，300km，beinglongerthantheYellowRiverbymorethan800kilometers，closelybehindNileinAfricaandAmazoninSouthAmerica．andisthe3rdlongestriverintheworld．Withbeautifulnaturalsceneryandlonghistory,YangtzeRiverisalsooneofthemaiortouristattractionsinChina．TherearemagnificentThreeGorgeswithmajesticThreeGorgesDam．ThedrainageareaofYangtzeRivercoversaboutonefiflhofChina’slandarea，andsupportsaboutonethirdofChina’spopulation．DevelopmentandprotectionoftheYangtzeRiverisofgreatsignificancethathastheimpactonnationalsocio-economicdevelopment．(31)黄河是我国第二长河，世界第五长河，源于青海巴颜喀拉山，干流贯穿九个省区。早在80万年前的旧石器时代，中华民族的祖先就在黄河流域过着狩猎、采集的生活。在中国历史上，黄河及沿岸流域给人类文明带来了巨大的影响，是中华民族最主要的发源地之一。人们常说黄河是中华民族的摇篮，称之为“母亲河”。而如今黄河污染形势十分严峻，保护黄河是每个人不可推卸的责任(incumbentobIigat；oll)。参考译文YellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina，andfifthlongestriverintheworld．ItsoriginisatBayankalaMountainofQinghaiprovince，withthemainstreamrunningthrough9provinces．Asearlyas800，000yearsagoatthePaleolithicage，ancestorsofChinesenationlivedatYellowRivervalleybyhuntingandcollectin9．InthehistoryofChina，YellowRiverandthevalleysnearbYhavetremendousimpactonhumancivilization．TheyareoneofthemostimportantbirthplacesofChinesenation．PeopleoftencallYellowRiverasthecradleofChinesenation．whichisknownasthe“MotherRiver．“ButnowadayspollutionofYellowRiverisveryserious．ProtectionofYellowRiveristheincumbentobligationofeveryChinese．(32)纳米技术(nanotechnoIogy)是近年来出现的一门高新技术。将纳米技术生产的纳米材料加入到普通的金属、塑料中，会呈现许多普通材料无法比拟的特性。纳米是一种度量单位，一纳米等于百万分之一毫米。纳米技术使人们认识、改造微观世界的水平提到了一个新的高度。世界许多国家的科学家不约而同地断言：纳米技术将推进人类科学技术步入一个新的时代——纳米科技时代(theeraofnanotechno|ogy)。参考译文Nanotechnologyisanemerginghigh-techinrecentyears．Byaddingnanomaterialsproducedbynanotechnologyintoordinarymetalsandplastics，somespecialfeaturescanbeachieved，whichareunmatchedinmanycommonmaterials．Nanometerisaunitofmeasure，withonenanometerequaltoonemillionthofamillimeter．Nanotechnologyhelpsimprovepeople’srecognitionofthemicroscopicworldtoanewheight．Scientistsinmanycountries