黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学2022-2023学年高三8月月考英语试题（解析版）

第26页/共26页哈尔滨市第六中学2020级高三上学期8月月考英语试题本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。共150分。注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名，准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。3.按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一卷第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节：(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThemostcommonformsoflivestreammarketingOnlineMarketplacesOnlinemarketplaceslikeTaobaoandJingdongallowuserstobuyandsellproductswithouteverleavingtheirhomes.Buttheadditionoflivevideostreamingisprovingvitaltokeepbuyersinterested.Why?Byaddinglivestreamingtotheplatform,thesemarketplacescandelivertheclosestpossibleexperienceto“beingthere”foronlinebuyers.Real-timeinteractivityofferstheurgencyofarealmarketplace,urgingimmediateactionandimprovingcommunityparticipation.LiveAuctions(拍卖)Livestreamingopensuptheauctionitemstothoseunabletophysicallyattend,reachesparticipantswithvaryinginterestsandensuresthateachitemsellsatitspropervaluation.On-lineauctionsarebigbusiness,andreal-timevideodeliveryiscritical.Whetherauctioningoffpetsorfineart,anydelayinalivestreamcouldpreventbids(出价)frombeingrecordedproperly.Severalmillisecondscantranslatetobillionsofdollars.InfluencerStreamingToday'scelebritiesaren'tnecessarilyonthebigscreen.Anincreasingnumberofstarsrisetofameviasocialmediaeachday.Withalargenumberoffaithfulfans,influencerscanusetheirpersonalbrandandthepoweroflivestreamingtopromotetheirfavoriteproductsinaninteractiveway.Influencerstreamingoriginatedonsocialmedia,buthasnowbecomecommonplaceacrosse-businesssitesaswell.LiveEventsNewsworthyevents,suchasproductlaunchesandlimitededitiondrops,increasethepopularityoflivestreammarketing.Today,shoppablemobilestreamingallowsfanstopurchaseitemsinrealtimefromthecatwalks(T型走秀台)ofLouisVuittonandVictoria'sSecret.1.Howdoeslivevideostreamingaffectonlinemarketplaces?A.Itmakesgoodsmorepopular.B.Itkeepsshopownersinterested.C.Itoffersarealexperienceofofflineshopping.D.Itmakesonlineshoppingmorelikeofflineshopping.2.Whatcanweknowaboutonlineauctions?A.Theybringconvenienceforpeoplephysicallyattending.B.TheymakeitnecessarytohavehighspeedInternetaccess.C.Theymakesurethateveryitemcanfinallybesoldonline.D.Theyprovideopportunitiesofmakinggreatfortuneovernight.3.WhichworksastheeasiestwayforInternetcelebritiesgettingintoe-business?A.OnlineMarketplaces. B.LiveAuctions.C.InfluencerStreaming. D.LiveEvents.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了四种最常见的直播营销形式。1.细节理解题。根据OnlineMarketplaces中的“Byaddinglivestreamingtotheplatform,thesemarketplacescandelivertheclosestpossibleexperienceto“beingthere”foronlinebuyers.Real-timeinteractivityofferstheurgencyofarealmarketplace,urgingimmediateactionandimprovingcommunityparticipation.”（通过在平台上添加直播，这些市场可以为在线买家提供尽可能接近“现场”的体验。实时互动提供了一个真实市场的紧迫性，敦促立即采取行动并提高社区参与度）由此可知，视频直播让网上购物更像线下购物。故选D项。2.细节理解题。根据LiveAuctions(拍卖)中的“On-lineauctionsarebigbusiness,andreal-timevideodeliveryiscritical.Whetherauctioningoffpetsorfineart,anydelayinalivestreamcouldpreventbids(出价)frombeingrecordedproperly.Severalmillisecondscantranslatetobillionsofdollars.”（在线拍卖是一项大业务，而实时视频传输至关重要。无论是拍卖宠物还是艺术品，直播中的任何延迟都可能会妨碍对竞价的正确记录。几毫秒可以转化为数十亿美元。）由此可知，在线拍卖使得高速互联网接入成为必要。故选B项。3.细节理解题。根据InfluencerStreaming中的“Anincreasingnumberofstarsrisetofameviasocialmediaeachday.”（每天都有越来越多的明星通过社交媒体成名。有了大量的忠实粉丝，有影响力的人可以利用他们的个人品牌和直播的力量，以互动的方式推广他们喜爱的产品。）由此可知，网络名人进入电子商务最简单的方法通过流媒体。故选C项。BEarth'slongestartificialstructureisusuallysaidtobetheGreatWallofChinawhilethesecond-longestisnotawall,butafence.Itstretchesfor5,614kmacrosseasternAustraliaandisintendedtostopthecountry'swilddogs,thedingoes,fromhuntingsheep.Australia'sdingofencedoesnotstandalone.Millionsofkilometresoffenceswraptheworld.Someareintendedtolimitthemovementofanimals,somethemovementofpeople,andsomemerelytomarktheboundary.Untilrecently,dataontheeffectsoffencesonwildlifehavebeeninadequate.ThathaschangedwiththepublicationofareportbyprofessorAlexMcInturff.Onediscoveryhehasmadeisthatmorethanhalfofpublishedfenceresearchfocusesonjustfivecountries-America,Australia,Botswana,ChinaandSouthAfrica.Asecondisthatonlyathirdofthesestudiesexaminedtheimpactoffencesonanythingotherthanthetargetspeciesinvolved,meaningtheanimalspurposelyintendedtobekeptinorout.Non-targetspecies,however,areoftenthosethathavetheirfortunesmostgreatlyreshapedbytheappearanceofpolesandwire.Australianfencesintendedtokeepoutdingoesarealsobarrierstolong-neckedturtles,whichtravelgreatdistancesoverlandwhenmovingbetweennestingsites.InBotswanafencesbuilttosparecattlefromwildlife-bornediseaseresultinseriousinterferencewithwildebeest(角马)migrations.Noteverycreaturefares(进展)badly.Hawks(鹰)inMontanagladlysitonnewlybuiltlivestockfencestohuntsmallanimals,whilefence-basedspidersinSouthAfricaoutperformtheirtree-basedcousinswhenitcomestocatchinginsects.Often,though,thewinnersarecreaturesthatcausetroubleforexistingecosystems.KeepingdingoesoutoflargepartsofAustraliahasallowedaggressiveredfoxestomultiply.Nativerodents(啮齿类动物)havesufferedasaresult.Somehavebeenbroughttotheedgeofextinction.4.Whichisapurposeofbuildingfences?A.Toexpandtheboundaryofacountry. B.Toprotectlivestocklikesheepandcattle.C.Tostopwildanimalsfrombeinghunted. D.Tohelppeoplemovearoundfreely.5.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudiesonfences?A.Dataontheimpactoffenceshavebeenproved.B.Previousresearcheswerecompleteandsystematic.C.Abouttwo-thirdsofthestudiesfocusonthetargetanimals.D.Notallstudiesexaminedtheeffectoffencesonwildlife.6.Whichanimalsunexpectedlybenefitfromfences?A.CattleinBotswana. B.WildebeestinBotswana.C.RedfoxesinAustralia. D.NativerodentsinAustralia.7.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inawildlife-protectionbrochure B.InablogonwildlifeC.Inawildlifemagazine D.Inawildlifeforum【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界第二长的人造建筑——澳大利亚的游牧长栏，以及长栅栏存在的问题和解决办法。4.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Itstretchesfor5,614kmacrosseasternAustraliaandisintendedtostopthecountry'swilddogs,thedingoes,fromhuntingsheep.（它绵延5614公里，横跨澳大利亚东部，旨在阻止该国的野狗，澳洲野狗，狩猎绵羊）”可知建栅栏的原因是为了防止野狗进入栅栏里面吃掉羊。由此推知，建栅栏是为了保护牛羊等牲口。故选B项。5.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“onlyathirdofthesestudiesexaminedtheimpactoffencesonanythingotherthanthetargetspeciesinvolved,meaningtheanimalspurposelyintendedtobekeptinorout.（这些研究中只有三分之一调查了栅栏对目标物种以外的其他物种的影响，这意味着这些动物有意被关在里面或外面）”可知这些研究中只有三分之一调查了栅栏对栅栏外物种的影响，剩余三分之二的研究是栅栏对在栅栏里面物种的影响，即大约三分之二的研究集中在目标动物上。故选C项。6.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“KeepingdingoesoutoflargepartsofAustraliahasallowedaggressiveredfoxestomultiply.（澳大利亚大部分地区禁止野狗进入，这使得好斗的红狐狸得以繁殖）”可知栅栏是禁止了野狗的进入，但是却让红狐狸得以繁殖，即红狐狸意外地从栅栏中获益。故选C项。7.‎推理判断题。本文讲述的是澳大利亚栅栏对野生动物的影响以及存在的问题，这篇文章与野生动物及它们的生态平衡有关，由此推知可能会出现在一本动物杂志上面。故选‎C项。CIn2016,inanIllinoistowncalledCahokia,awomanwassenttoprisonjustbecauseshefailedtotendherlawn(草坪).In2019,aFloridamanwasfined$30,000bythecityofDunedinforallowinghisgrasstogrowmorethan10inchesinheight.Theseexamples,whileextreme,arenotrareoccurrenceinAmerica.Astudyestimatedthatturfgrasses(lawns,parks,athleticfields,etc)coverover40millionacresinthecontinentalU.S.,anarealargerthananycroparea.AndAmericansspendasmuchas$60billionayearmaintainingthesegrasses.TheseimpressivedataaretheresultofAmericans'settingmuchstorebythesepiecesofgreeneryforseveralcenturies.Centuriesago,onlythosewithconsiderablewealthcouldowntheresourcesneededtomaintainthesedisplays.Inthemodernworld,lawnshavegraduallychangedfromtheestatesofthewealthytothefrontyardsofcommonpeople.AcrossAmerica,millionsoffamiliesnowproudlypresenttheirgrasstotheirneighborsanddriversbycarefullyweeding,watering,fertilizingandmowingthesesmall-scalerepresentationsofthegrounds.Withthiscontextinmind,it'seasytoseewell-tendedlawnsinAmerica.Peopletendtouselawnstocreateanimpressionoforderortoindicateasenseofpersonalsuccess.Therelativehealthandattractivenessofthegrassintheiryardbecomesabarometer(晴雨表)fortheirlifeaswhole.However,withsomanyacrescoveredbythegrass,theinfluenceassociatedwithlawnmaintenanceismorethanjustpsychological.Tobegin,alawnrequiresmassivequantitiesofresourcestosustain.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgricultureestimatesthatlawnsaccountforabouthalfofhomeowner'swateruse,muchofwhichiswasted.Additionally,Americansarereportedtouse80millionpoundsofchemicalsontheirlawnseachyear.Theprocessoftendingthelawnalsocontributestoairpollution.Thesesurprisingdatameanweneedtoquestionwhetherlawnsprovideuswithenoughbenefittojustifytheirwidespreadexistence.8.Whyarethetwolawn-relatedcasesmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.ToexplaintheeffectivenessofAmericanlaws.B.ToshowthesignificanceoflawnsinAmericansociety.C.TostressAmericans'awarenessofenvironmentalprotection.D.TorevealthecostofmaintaininglawnsinAmericans'dailylife.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthesecondparagraphmean?A.Makingfulluseof. B.Facingtheconsequenceof.C.Attachinggreatimportanceto. D.Shoulderingtheresponsibilityfor.10.WhydoAmericanshaveapreferenceforwell-tendedlawns?A.Becauseofthepsychologicalfunctionoflawns.B.BecauseofthepopularityoflawnsinAmericans'lifeC.Becauseofthepurposeofplacingbarometersinlawns.D.Becauseofthemethodofplantinghealthyandattractivelawns.11.WhatcanweknowaboutthelawnsintheU.S.accordingtothepassage?A.Theywillbeexpandedtocovermorelands.B.Theyareofsignificantenvironmentalconcerns.C.Theywillmotivatepeopletobehealth-conscious.D.Theycanpromotethedevelopmentofthechemicalindustry.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。美国人对草坪的情有独钟有着历史根源及心理方面的原因，但大面积的草坪对环境有着重大的负面影响。8.推理判断题。根据第一段介绍的两个不同寻常的案例并结合下文美国人对草坪的喜爱与重视可知，作者通过这两个案例说明了草坪在美国社会的重要性。故选B。9.词义猜测题。根据画线处的上文“Astudyestimatedthatturfgrasses(lawns,parks,athleticfields,etc)coverover40millionacresinthecontinentalU.S.,anarealargerthananycroparea.AndAmericansspendasmuchas$60billionayearmaintainingthesegrasses.（一项研究估计，在美国大陆，草坪（草坪、公园、运动场等）的面积超过4000万英亩，比任何农作物的面积都大。美国人每年要花费600亿美元来维护这些草。）”可知，草坪在美国大陆占地面积很大，美国人为维护草坪花了很多钱。由此可知画线处表示美国人对草坪非常地重视，attachgreatimportanceto意为“非常重视”。故选C。10.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Peopletendtouselawnstocreateanimpressionoforderortoindicateasenseofpersonalsuccess.Therelativehealthandattractivenessofthegrassintheiryardbecomesabarometer(晴雨表)fortheirlifeaswhole.（人们倾向于用草坪来创造一种秩序的印象或表示一种个人成功的感觉。他们院子里的草的相对健康和吸引力成为他们整个生活的晴雨表。）”可推断，美国人喜欢精心照料草坪是因为草坪在人们的心理构建方面的功能。故选A。11.细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Tobegin,alawnrequiresmassivequantitiesofresourcestosustain.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgricultureestimatesthatlawnsaccountforabouthalfofhomeowner'swateruse,muchofwhichiswasted.Additionally,Americansarereportedtouse80millionpoundsofchemicalsontheirlawnseachyear.Theprocessoftendingthelawnalsocontributestoairpollution.(首先，草坪需要大量的资源来维持。美国农业部估计，草坪占了房主用水量的一半左右，其中大部分被浪费了。此外，据报道，美国人每年在草坪上使用8000万磅化学物质。照料草坪的过程也造成了空气污染。）”可知，大面积的草坪引起了重大的环境问题。故选B。DAstudyledbyPlana-Ripoll,adoctoratAarhusUniversityinDenmark,triestodealwithafundamentalquestionthathasbotheredresearchersformorethanacentury—whatexactlycausesmentalillness?Inthehopeoffindingtheanswer,scientistshavepiledupalargeamountofdataoverthepastdecade,throughstudiesofgenesandbrainactivity.Theyhavefoundthatmanyofthesamegenesunderlieseeminglydistinctdisordersandthatchangesinthebrain'sdecision-makingsystemscouldbeinvolvedinmanyconditions.Theresearchersarealsorethinkingtheoriesofhowourbrainsgowrong.Theideathatmentalillnesscanbeclassifiedintodistinct,separatecategorieslike“anxiety”hasbeendisprovedtoalargeextent.Instead,recentlythey'vefoundthatdisordersshadeintoeachother,andtherearenoharddividinglines.Theresearchersaretryingtounderstandthebiologythatunderliesmentalillness.Theyhaveafewtheories.Perhapsthereareseveraldimensionsofmentalillness,sodependingonhowapersonscoresoneachdimension,theymightbemorelikelytohavesomedisordersthanothers.Analternativeideaisthatthereisasinglefactorthatmakespeopleeasiertosufferfrommentalillnessingeneral.Whatdisordertheydevelopisthendeterminedbyotherfactors.Bothideasarebeingtakenseriouslythoughtheformeroneismorewidelyacceptedbytheresearchers.Thedetailsarestillunclear,butmostresearchersagreethatonethingisspecific:Theoldsystemofcategorizingmentaldisordersintoneatboxesdoesnotwork.Theyarealsohopefulthat,inthelongrun,replacingthisframeworkwithonethatisgroundedinbiologywillleadtonewdrugsandtreatments.Theresearchersaimtoreveal,forinstance,thekeygenes,brainregionsandneurologicalprocessesinvolvedinpsychopathology(精神病理学),andtargetthemwithtreatments.Althoughitmighttakeawhiletogetthere,theyarelong-termoptimisticifthefieldreallydoesitswork.12.Whataspectofmentalillnesshasbeenpuzzlingresearchersaccordingtothetext?A.Itssymptoms. B.Itsroots.C.Itscategories. D.Itstheories.13.Whathavetheresearchersfoundfromtherecentstudy?A.Thereexistlinksbetweenmentaldisorders.B.Brainfunctionhaslittletodowithmentalillness.C.Mentalillnessisclassifiedintodifferentcategories.D.Genesarecompletelydifferentindistinctmentaldisorders.14.Whichoneismorewidelyacceptedbytheresearchersaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Thetheoryofgeneticinfluences.B.Thebeliefofbrainabnormalities.C.Theconceptofmultipledimensions.D.Theideaofthedeterminedriskfactor.15.Whatcanwelearnaboutmentalillnessfromthetext?A.Huntingforitsbiologymighthelp.B.Itsgenesaretoocomplextostudy.C.Scientistsareclearaboutitsdetails.D.Itsnewdrugscouldbeavailablesoon.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究人员提出了一些有关精神疾病的新理论，并希望多了解其病理以及引发精神疾病的生物学因素，从而研制出有效的药物。12.细节理解题。根据第一段内容“AstudyledbyPlana-Ripoll,adoctoratAarhusUniversityinDenmark,triestodealwithafundamentalquestionthathasbotheredresearchersformorethanacentury—whatexactlycausesmentalillness?（丹麦奥胡斯大学的Plana-Ripoll博士领导了一项研究，试图解决一个困扰了研究人员一个多世纪的基本问题——到底是什么导致了精神疾病？）”可知，精神疾病的根源是什么这一问题困扰了研究人员一个多世纪。故选B项。13.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Instead,recentlythey'vefoundthatdisordersshadeintoeachother,andtherearenoharddividinglines.（相反，他们最近发现，紊乱相互影响，并且没有明显的分界线。）”可知，研究人员最近发现各种精神疾病之间是相互联系的，没有标准的分界线。故选A项。14.细节理解题。根据第四段的“Perhapsthereareseveraldimensionsofmentalillness,sodependingonhowapersonscoresoneachdimension,theymightbemorelikelytohavesomedisordersthanothers.（精神疾病可能有多个维度，因此根据一个人在每个维度上的得分，他们可能比其他人更容易患上某些疾病）”和最后一句“Bothideasarebeingtakenseriouslythoughtheformeroneismorewidelyacceptedbytheresearchers.（尽管前一种观点被研究人员更广泛地接受，但这两种观点都被认真对待。）”可知，多维度的概念更广泛地被研究人员接受。故选C项。15.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Theyarealsohopefulthat,inthelongrun,replacingthisframeworkwithonethatisgroundedinbiologywillleadtonewdrugsandtreatments.Theresearchersaimtoreveal,forinstance,thekeygenes,brainregionsandneurologicalprocessesinvolvedinpsychopathology(精神病理学),andtargetthemwithtreatments.（他们还希望，从长远来看，用一个基于生物学的框架取代这个框架，将会带来新的药物和治疗方法。例如，研究人员的目标是揭示与精神病理学有关的关键基因、大脑区域和神经过程，并针对它们进行治疗。）”可知，研究精神疾病的病理以及引发精神疾病的生物学因素可能会对他们接下来的工作有所帮助。故选A项。第二节：(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nomatterwhatprofessionoroccupationyouholdyouwillneedtoworkwithotherstomeetyourgoals.Groupworkisagreatwaytoshowcaseyourownskillswhilegettinghelpfromyourteammatesinareaswhereyoumightnotbeasstrong._____16_____Clarifytheteamexpectationssoeveryoneisonthesamepage._____17_____It'slikelythateachteammatehasadifferentideaaboutwhat'sexpectedofthem,aswellaswhateveryoneelseneedstobedoing.It'sessentialthattheteamdiscusstheseexpectationsandagreeononeuniversallistofexpectationsthateveryonewillfollow._____18_____Noonelikesateammatewhobarelycontributestotheproject.Takeonanequalpartofthework,andspeakupifyourealizeyouaren'tdoingyourfairshare.Notonlywillyourgroupmatesappreciateyourworkethic,itwillshowyoursupervisororinstructorthatyou'reagoodteamplayer.Directyourconcerntowardtheproblem,notyourteammates.Don'taccuseorblameanyoneonyourteamforcausingtheconflict,evenifyoubelievetheydid._____19_____Haveyourteamworkthroughconflict,usingittotheirbenefit.Focusonthesuccessofthegroup,notyourpersonalsuccess.Whenyou'reonateam,everyone'ssuccessdependsoneachmemberworkingtowardacommongoal._____20_____Keepyourfocusonyourteam'ssuccess,andyourownsuccesswillfollow.A.Makesureyoudoanequalshareofthework.B.Volunteertotakeonextraworkwhennecessary.C.Treattheteam'saccomplishmentsasagroupsuccess.D.Ourguidewillshowyouhowtoboostyourteamworkskills.E.Statetheissueyou'rehaving,thenlistentowhateveryonehastosay.F.Instead,keepallofyourcommentsfocusedontheissueandhowyourteamcansolveit.G.Thiscanincludeexplainingtheexpectationsoraskingquestionsifyoufindthemunclear.【答案】16.D17.G18.A19.F20.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。良好的团队合作精神是一项基本技能，本文就如何提高团队合作技能提供了建议。16.通读第一段，再根据下文第二、四、五段的首句“Clarifytheteamexpectationssoeveryoneisonthesamepage…Directyourconcerntowardtheproblem,notyourteammates…Focusonthesuccessofthegroup,notyourpersonalsuccess（明确团队期望，使每个人都达成共识……把你的关注点放在问题上，而不是你的队友……关注团队的成功，而不是个人的成功）”可知，本文首先阐述团队合作的重要性，下文中又列举了几个提高团队合作技能的方法，因此，D项“Ourguidewillshowyouhowtoboostyourteamworkskills.（我们的指南将向您展示如何提高团队合作技能）”切题，该选项承接上文，统领下文，故选D项。17.根据上一句“Clarifytheteamexpectationssoeveryoneisonthesamepage.（明确团队期望，让每个人都站在同一个角度）”和下一句“It'slikelythateachteammatehasadifferentideaaboutwhat'sexpectedofthem,aswellaswhateveryoneelseneedstobedoing.It'sessentialthattheteamdiscusstheseexpectationsandagreeononeuniversallistofexpectationsthateveryonewillfollow.（很可能每个队友对他们的期望值以及其他人需要做的事情都有不同的想法。团队必须讨论这些期望，并就每个人都将遵循的普遍期望达成一致）”可知，队友之间的期望值可能不一致，团队必须就此讨论，并达成一致，因此，G项“Thiscanincludeexplainingtheexpectationsoraskingquestionsifyoufindthemunclear（这可以包括解释期望，或者在发现不清楚时提问）”切题，该选项句意承上启下，与上下文意思连贯，故选G项。18.根据下文“Noonelikesateammatewhobarelycontributestotheproject.Takeonanequalpartofthework,andspeakupifyourealizeyouaren'tdoingyourfairshare.（没有人喜欢对项目几乎没有贡献的队友。承担同等的工作，如果你意识到自己没有尽到应有的责任，就大声说出来）”可知，本段主要阐述自己作为团队中的一员，一定要承担和其他成员同等的工作，尽到相应的责任。因此，A项“Makesureyoudoanequalshareofthework.（确保你所做的工作是平等的）”切题，该选项句意统领下文，是本段的主题句，且该选项中的“equalshare”与下文中的“fairshare”相呼应。故选A项。19.根据上文“Directyourconcerntowardtheproblem,notyourteammates.Don'taccuseorblameanyoneonyourteamforcausingtheconflict,evenifyoubelievetheydid.（把你的关注点放在问题上，而不是你的队友。不要指责或责怪你的团队中的任何人导致了冲突，即使你认为他们确实造成了冲突）”可知，F项“Instead,keepallofyourcommentsfocusedontheissueandhowyourteamcansolveit.（相反，你的所有评论都要关注这个问题，以及你的团队如何解决这个问题）”切题，该选项句意与上文构成转折关系，进一步阐述了要把关注点放在问题上而不是你的队友。故选F项。20.根据上文“Focusonthesuccessofthegroup,notyourpersonalsuccess.Whenyou'reonateam,everyone'ssuccessdependsoneachmemberworkingtowardacommongoal.（关注团队的成功，而不是个人的成功。当你在一个团队中时，每个人的成功都取决于每个成员朝着一个共同的目标努力）”和下文“Keepyourfocusonyourteam'ssuccess,andyourownsuccesswillfollow.（专注于团队的成功，你自己的成功也会随之而来）”可知，此处强调关注团队成功的重要性，因此，C项“Treattheteam'saccomplishmentsasagroupsuccess.（将小组的成就视为团队的成功）”切题，该选项句意承上启下，切合文意，且选项中的“agroupsuccess”与上文中的“successofthegroup”相呼应，故选C项。第二部分完型填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)Despitethehardconditionsandhands-onlabor,___21___Australia'sgeneroussalariesanddistributionofworkpermitsdoingagricultureworkthereisanincredibly___22___wayforbackpackerstoearnabroad.Myfirst___23___inAustraliawasonTodd'sTomatoFarm.My___24___duringmythreemonthsworkingwereclearingthetomatofield,weedingthepeppers,andplantingcornseeds．DuringmysecondyearvisainAustraliaIactually___25___togobackanddosomevegetable___26___.ThistimeIworkedatBrakPakinthe___27___fields.Thatwasbyfarthemostphysically___28___jobIhaveeverdone．Pumpkinswerepickedusingatractor.Therewouldbeonepersondriving,twopeopleonthetrailersortingpumpkinsandfivepeopleonthe___29___picking.Attachedtothetrailerwasalongbelt.Asthetractordroveforwardswewouldhavetorunalong___30___it,pickthepumpkinsandputthemonthebelt.Thiswashard——youhadtopickallthepumpkinsthatwere___31___grown,putthemonthebelt,___32___fordamaged/rottenonesand___33___thetractor.Weusedtochangerolestogiveourselvesa___34___andsometimeswewouldbesentofftodo“cutting”Thestalks(茎秆)onpumpkinsareso___35___thatweweren'tabletobreakthembyhand.sowehadcutters.Iwastoldthatthesecutterscouldcutstraightthrougha___36___soIwasvery___37___atfirst.IgotthehangofitbutIwasalways___38___oflosingabodypart!Iknowthatmostpeopledon'tdoasmanydifferentrolesasIdid!However,Ireallyenjoyedbeingableto___39___differentpartsofthefarmandinthe___40___wasabletoseethewholeseason．21.A.accordingto B.dueto C.asto D.inadditionto22.A.hard B.serious C.complex D.popular23.A.job B.trip C.lesson D.stop24.A.suggestions B.duties C.regrets D.blessings25.A.meant B.attempted C.chose D.began26.A.planting B.shipping C.picking D.cutting27.A.tomato B.pumpkin C.pepper D.corn28.A.stressing B.pressing C.demanding D.exciting29.A.belt B.tractor C.pile D.ground30.A.behind B.across C.against D.for31.A.fully B.hardly C.naturally D.possibly32.A.watch B.care C.check D.look33.A.keepupwith B.getridof C.holdonto D.setoutfor34.A.chance B.try C.credit D.break35.A.heavy B.thick C.soft D.fragile36.A.plant B.finger C.vegetable D.trunk37.A.curious B.confident C.upset D.nervous38.A.terrified B.sure C.proud D.suspected39.A.observe B.study C.assess D.experience40.A.past B.beginning C.process D.distance【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.B25.C26.C27.B28.C29.D30.A31.A32.C33.A34.D35.B36.B37.D38.A39.D40.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述在澳大利亚作为背包客所经历的一种令人难以置信的海外流行的赚钱方式。21.考查短语。A.accordingto按着；B.dueto由于；C.asto至于，关于；D.inadditionto除……之外。尽管条件艰苦和要亲自动手劳动，但是由于澳大利亚慷慨的工资和从事农业工作的工作许可证的分布，对于背包客来说有一种令人难以置信的海外流行的赚钱方式。结合句意可知答案为B。22.考查形容词。A.hard努力的，困难的；B.serious严肃的，认真的；C.complex复杂的；D.popular受欢迎的。尽管艰苦条件和亲自动手的劳动，但是由于澳大利亚慷慨的工资和从事农业工作的工作许可证的分布，对于背包客来说有一种令人难以置信的海外流行的赚钱方式。结合句意可知答案为D。23.考查名词。A.job工作；B.trip旅行；C.lesson教训；D.stop停止，车站。根据onTodd'sTomatoFarm可知这里指在澳大利亚的第一份“工作”。故选A。24.考查名词。A.suggestions建议；B.duties职责；C.regrets后悔；D.blessings祝福。根据clearingthetomatofield，weedingthepeppers,andplantingcornseeds.可知这里指我工作的“职责”。故选B。25.考查动词。A.meant意味着；B.attempted企图；C.chose选择；D.began开始。在澳大利亚第二年签证期间，我选择回去做一些蔬菜采摘。故选C。26.考查动词。A.planting种植；B.shipping运送；C.picking采摘，挑选；D.cutting切割。在澳大利亚第二年签证期间，我选择回去做一些蔬菜采摘。故选C。27.考查名词。A.tomato西红柿；B.pumpkin南瓜；C.pepper辣椒；D.corn玉米。根据下面一段第一句Pumpkinswerepickedusingatractor.可知，是在南瓜地里工作。故选B。28.考查形容词。A.stressing加压的；B.pressing紧迫的；C.demanding要求高的；D.exciting令人兴奋的。这是迄今为止我做过的最需要体力的工作。故选C。29.考查名词。A.belt带子；B.tractor拖拉机；C.pile堆；D.ground地面。会有一个人开车，两人在拖车排序南瓜，还有五人在地里挑选。结合句意可知答案为D。30.考查介词。A.behind在……后面；B.across穿过；C.against反对；D.for为了。当拖拉机朝前开时，我们会在它后面跟着，摘南瓜，然后把它们放在传送带上。结合句意可知答案为A。31.考查副词。A.fully充分地，完全地；B.hardly几乎不；C.naturally自然地；D.possibly很可能地。这是艰难的，你必须选择所有长熟的南瓜，把它们放在传送带上，检查损坏或烂的，并跟上拖拉机。可知A项符合题意。32.考查动词。A.watch观看；B.care关心，照顾；C.check检查，核对；D.look看。把它们放在传送带上，检查损坏或烂的。可知答案为C。33.考查动词词组。A.keepupwith保持；B.getridof除掉；C.holdonto坚持，紧握；D.setoutfor出发去。把它们放在传送带上，检查损坏或烂的，并跟上拖拉机。可知A项符合题意。34.考查名词。A.chance机会；B.try尝试；C.credit信誉；D.break破裂，间断。我们用来改变角色给自己适当的休息，有时我们将被派去做“切割”。可知D项符合题意。35.考查形容词。A.heavy沉重的；B.thick厚的；C.soft软的；D.fragile易碎的。根据后半句weweren'tabletobreakthembyhand,sowehadcutters可知，南瓜皮“厚”。故选B。36.考查名词。A.plant植物；B.finger手指；C.vegetable蔬菜；D.trunk树干。根据上文的sowehadcutters可知切了“手指”。故选B。37.考查形容词。A.curious好奇的；B.confident自信的；C.upset烦恼的；D.nervous紧张不安的。切了手指，自然是“紧张不安”。故选D。38.考查形容词。A.terrified感到害怕的；B.sure确信的；C.proud自豪的；D.suspected有嫌疑的。根据losingabodypart可知“感到害怕”。故选A。39.考查动词。A.observe观察；B.study学习；C.assess评估；D.experience体验。根据空格后的differentpartsofthefarm可知这里指“体验”。故选D。40.考查名词。A.past过去；B.beginning开始；C.process过程；D.distance距离。根据空格后wasabletoseethewholeseason.可知，在工作的过程中能看到整个季节。故选C。第三部分单项选择(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。41.We'dliketotrysomealternativetreatments.They'reabitunconventional,butpleasedon't________.A.holdyourhorses B.makeendsmeet C.keepyourhead D.rejectthemoutofhand【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们想尝试一些替代疗法。它们有点不合常规，但是请不要马上拒绝它们。A.holdyourhorses别着急，等一下；B.makeendsmeet使收支相抵；C.keepyourhead保持冷静；D.rejectthemoutofhand立刻拒绝他们。题干表达的是用一些不合常规的办法代替，但不要马上拒绝，故D项符合题意。故选D项。42.Thosewhorelyondollarsnowneedtokeep________ontheirwalletsandrealizetheymightnotbeabletolivesocomfortably.A.acloseeye B.agreenfinger C.akeenear D.alongface【答案】A【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：那些依赖美元的人现在需要密切关注自己的钱包，并意识到他们可能无法生活得如此舒适。A.acloseeye密切关注；B.agreenfinger园艺能手；C.akeenear灵敏的耳朵；D.alongface愁眉苦脸。由“ontheirwalletsandrealizetheymightnotbeabletolivesocomfortably”可知，句子表示“那些依赖美元的人现在需要密切关注自己的钱包，并意识到他们可能无法生活得如此舒适”，keepacloseeyeon意为“密切关注”。故选A。43.Analystssaidtherewasnosignofrelief________,judgingfromthedepthandbreadthofJanuary'slabormarketplunge(骤然下跌).A.onthehorizon B.onend C.ontheedge D.inthedistance【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：分析师表示，从1月就业市场暴跌的深度和广度来看，目前还没有缓解的迹象。A.onthehorizon即将来临的；B.onend连续地；C.ontheedge坐立不安；D.inthedistance在远处。根据上文“therewasnosignofrelief”指还没有缓解的迹象来临，故选A。44.Moststates