高一英语短文语法填空选练题

高一英语短文语法填空选练题高一英语短文语法填空选练题高一英语短文语法填空选练题V:1.0精细整理，仅供参考高一英语短文语法填空选练题日期：20xx年X月2018高考英语短文语法填空选练题（共12页含答案）（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(选自2017·日照检测)TOEFL,shortforTestofEnglishasaForeignLanguage,isastandardizedtestofEnglish.TheTOEFLtestisanimportantstepofyourjourney__1__(study)inanEnglish－speakingcountry.TheTOEFLtest__2__(measure)yourabilitytouseandunderstandattheuniversitylevel.Anditevaluates__3__wellyoucombineyourlistening,reading,speakingandwriting__4__(skill)toperformacademictasks.Morethan30millionpeoplefromallovertheworldhavetakentheTOEFLtesttoshow__5__English－languagecompetence.TheTOEFLtesthas__6__(many)testdatesandlocationsthananyotherEnglish­languagetestintheworld.Youcanretakethetestmanytimesasyouwish,__7__youcannottakeitmorethanonceina12－dayperiod.TheTOEFLtestisthemost__8__(wide)respectedEnglish­languagetestintheworld,__9__(organize)bymorethan9000colleges,universitiesandagenciesinmorethan130countries,__10__(include)Australia,Canada,theU.K.andtheUnitedStates.Whereveryouwanttostudy,theTOEFLtestcanhelpyougetthere.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，向读者介绍了托福考试的一些相关内容，包括考查项目、参加次数以及托福考试的影响和作用等。1．tostudy考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用动词不定式表示目的。故填tostudy。2．measures考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文用的是一般现在时，“TheTOEFLtest”是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式。故填measures。3．how考查副词。句意为：它评价你把你的听、说、读、写能力结合起来的程度。howwell指程度如何。故填how。4．skills考查名词复数。听、说、读、写是四种能力，所以要用名词skill的复数形式skills。5．their考查物主代词。句意为：超过3000万来自世界各地的人参加托福考试来展示他们的英语语言能力。空格处修饰名词“English­languagecompetence”，指前面提到的“30millionpeople”的能力，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。6．more考查形容词的比较级。由空格后的“than”可知，此处应用many的比较级形式。故填more。7．but考查连词。前一句说只要你愿意，你可以多次重复参加托福考试，后一句说你不能在12天的时间内连续报考。前后两句话在意思上是转折关系。故填but。8．widely考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词“respected”，故填所给词的副词形式widely。9．organized考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语“TheTOEFLtest”和动词organize构成被动关系，所以要用过去分词形式。故填organized。10．including考查词性转换。此处指包括澳大利亚、加拿大、英国和美国。应用所给词的介词形式including，意为“包含，包括”。（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2017·郑州市第一次质量预测)Teaisconsumedaroundtheworldmorethananyotherdrinkexceptwater.OriginatinginChina,teahaslongestablished__1__(it)asthenationaldrinkofthiscountry.AcenturybeforethebirthofChrist,tea__2__(describe)inChinesetextsasahealthdrinkthatmadeonelive__3__(long).Today,itisstillbeingregardedassuch.Bothgreenteaandblackteaareclaimedtobeeffectivefor__4__(prevent)cancer,heartdisease,andmanyotherdeadlydiseases.Thereisonlyonepoint__5__peopleneedtobeawareofwhentheydrinktea—isshouldnotbedrunkalongwithmeals.Tea,apopulardrinkinChinaandmanyothercountries,__6__(be)carefullypreparedaccordingtolocalcustoms.TheChineseputlooseteainteapots,addboilingwater,andserveitinteacups.ThestrongteafromChina'sFujianProvinceisdrunkintinycupsbeforedinner.Lighterteawithjasmine(茉莉),roseorother__7__(flower),usuallyservedafterdinner,isspecialtoChina'sChangjiangRiverregions.ManyEnglishpeople,travellingawayfromhome,feel__8__alossiftheirfavouriteteabagsarenotavailable.AfternoonteainEnglandisstillatime­honouredtradition.It'sagoodopportunityforpeopletosocializeordiscussbusinessmatters.InJapan,ateaceremonyisoftenheldwhilepeoplearedrinkingtea.Theceremony,usually__9__(hold)inateahouse,datesbacktothe16thcentury.Guestsfollowstrictrulessetupthenandtheteausedispowderedgreentea.Thoughstillpractisedtoday,theceremonymaynotbeaspopular__10__itusedtobe.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了茶的渊源及几个国家的茶文化。【段意梳理】第一段：简单介绍了茶的地位。第二段：介绍了茶的作用和饮用时的注意事项。第三段：中国人饮茶的种类和方法。第四段：英国人的饮茶习惯和文化。第五段：日本人的饮茶文化和现状。1．itself考查代词。此处填的代词与句子主语tea形成互指关系，故用反身代词。2．wasdescribed考查动词时态和语态。根据语境中的时间状语“AcenturybeforethebirthofChrist”可知，事情发生在过去，且tea和describe构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。3．longer考查比较级。此处表示“让人活得更长”，故用longer。4．preventing考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词preventing。5．that考查定语从句。that引导定语从句，在从句中作介词of的宾语，修饰先行词onepoint。6．is考查主谓一致。句子主语为Tea，且与下文的“isdrunk”在时态上呼应，故此处用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。7．flowers考查名词复数。flower是可数名词，由前面的other可知，此处表示复数概念。8．at考查介词。固定搭配ataloss意为“困惑，不知所措”，故用介词at。9．held考查非谓语动词。hold和句子谓语之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词。句子主语Theceremony与hold构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。10．as考查连词。由“as＋形容词＋as”的结构可知，此处应用连词as引导比较状语从句。语法填空(2016·石家庄市调研检测)WethinkthatlifeinChinesehighschoolisanadventureinwhichwehavetosurvivemountainsofhomeworkandexams.Yetwoulditbe__1__(surprise)ifItellyouthathighschoollifeintheUSisalmostasstressfulanddemandingasitisinChinaInUShighschool,everything__2__(record)andgraded,includingyourgradesonquizzes,testsandfinalexaminations.Failing__3__(turn)inyourhomeworkontimewilldirectlyaffectyourgradeforacertaincourse.Perhapscontraryto__4__weusedtothinkoftheUShighschoolstudents,theypaygreatattentiontotheir__5__(academy)performancetotrytogetintodistinguisheduniversity.__6__，they'llbedisappointedaftergraduationfromhighschool.Likeuniversitystudents,theUShighschoolstudentshavethe__7__(free)tochoosethecoursesthatmostinterest__8__(they).Evena9th­gradercansit__9__thesameclassroomas12th­graders.Butthisalsomeansheorshehastoworkveryhard,becausetheteacherwillnottreathimorherdifferentlyjustbecauseheorsheisafewyears__10__(young)．1．________5．________9．________【参考答案】语法填空语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国学生的高中生活。1．surprising此处是现在分词作形容词，意为“令人吃惊的”，符合语境。2．isrecordedeverything和谓语record之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且表示客观情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态，即isrecorded，与graded呼应。3．toturnfailtodosth.意为“不能做某事”，为固定搭配。4．what空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示物的概念，故填what。5．academic修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词academic修饰名词performance，作定语。6．Otherwise根据语境可知，此处表示否则他们高中毕业后就会感到失望，故用副词otherwise，意为“否则”，作状语。7．freedom由定冠词the可知，此处应用名词，即freedom。8．them此处应用宾格形式，作动词interest的宾语，故填them。9．inintheclassroom意为“在教室里”，符合语境，故填in。10．younger根据上文可知，9年级和12年级的学生比较，自然是年轻一些，故用形容词的比较级形式，即younger。（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2017·定州一中检测)JiuzhaigouValley,ChinaLocatedinSichuanprovince,theJiuzhaigouNatureReserve,orJiuzhaigouValley,shouldbeonyourtravelradarforitspicturesquebeautyoflushforests,__1__(impress)waterfallsandglisteninglakes.AsChinaendeavorstoward__2__(cut)itscarbonemissionsby2020,however,Jiuzhaigouisalsoapioneerforbiodiversityconservationandenvironmental__3__(aware)inChinabyadvocatingeco­tourism.ListedbyUNESCOasaWorldHeritageSitein1992andaWorldBiosphereReservein1997,theareaishometomany__4__(endanger)plantandanimalspecies,includingthebelovedGiantPanda.Toexplorethemountainous__5__(surrounding)andawayfromthecrowds,ZharuValley,__6__particular,isthedesignatedeco­tourismzonewithinthenationalpark.Visitorsarerestrictedinnumberwithaccessonlyviaguidedhikingtotheundisturbedsurroundingsandfurthermore,into__7__ofthenineTibetanvillages__8__occupytheregion.WithChina'scarbonreductioneffortsinfulleffectandJiuzhaigoufirstinlinetosupportagreenerfuture,theareacan__9__(confident)lookforwardtowelcomingmanymoregenerationsofvisitors__10__(come)．【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国著名风景区——四川的九寨沟。1．impressive/impressing考查词性转换。修饰名词的词为形容词，故用形容词impressive/impressing修饰名词“waterfalls”，符合语境，指令人印象深刻的瀑布。2．cutting考查动名词用法。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词cutting作介词toward的宾语。3．awareness考查词性转换。形容词修饰名词，故environmental修饰名词awareness，符合语境。4．endangered考查非谓语动词。endanger和句子谓语“is”之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和其逻辑主语“plant”构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，指濒危植物和动物物种。5．surroundings考查名词用法。surrounding用复数形式作名词，表示环境，被形容词mountainous修饰，符合语境。6．in考查固定搭配。固定搭配inparticular相当于particularly，意为“尤其”，符合语境。故用介词in。7．one考查代词用法。与语境“nine”呼应可知，此处表示其中之一的概念，表示泛指，与介词of呼应。8．that/which考查定语从句。that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词villages，符合语境。9．confidently考查词性转换。副词修饰动词、副词或形容词，甚至用来修饰整个句子，作状语。此处用副词confidently修饰动词短语“lookforwardto”，符合语境。10．tocome考查非谓语动词。此处不定式表示将来的概念，作后置定语，和句子谓语“lookforwardto”之间没有连词。（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2017·贵州普通考试)Whenawomantooktheseatbesidemeonaplane,I__1__(feel)unhappy.Shehadtolowerherselfslowly,squeezingherbodyintothesmallspace.“MynameisKelly.I'mfromCanada.Where__2__youfrom”Shewavedahandinfrontofmyface.“China，”IsaidasIshookherhandunwillingly.Kellykepttalkingtome.Shewasverythoughtful.Whenwe__3__(serve)drinksandmeals,shemadesurethatIhadenoughroominmyseat.“Idon'twanttomakeyou__4__(comfort)withmyelephantsize！”shesaidsincerely.Icouldn'thelplettingdownmyguard.Aswetalked,Iwassurprisedbyherwise__5__(word).Shehadreadmanybooksandwasverysmart.Iaskedherifsheeverthoughtabout__6__(lose)someweight.“Aren'tyouworriedaboutthediseasesthatcomewithbeingoverweight”“Notatall.Ieat__7__(health)foodandwalkregularly，”Shesaid.“Ibelieveinmyheart,thepeoplewhogetdiseasesaretheoneswhoworry.Youseeadvertisementsfromexercisecentersthatread,‘Freeyourselffromyourextrabaggage,soyouarefreetobe__8__(you)．’You'refreeonly__9__you'recomfortablewithwhoyouare！”IsuddenlyrealizedthatKellywas__10__mostbeautifulandcleverwomanIhadevermetinmylife.【解题导语】本文讲述了作者乘坐飞机时起初对旁边胖胖的女乘客没有好感。后来她的热情及对生活的感悟让作者刮目相看。1．felt考查时态。本处叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故用felt。2．are考查时态和主谓一致。本处“你来自哪里”是女乘客的问话，应用一般现在时；根据主语you可知，应用are。3．wereserved考查时态和语态。we与serve是逻辑上的动宾关系，且结合全文的时态可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填wereserved。4．uncomfortable考查形容词。句意：我不想因为我的大块头让你不舒服。本处用形容词uncomfortable“不舒服”作宾补。5．words考查名词。“她智慧的话语”，word为可数名词，故本处应用名词复数形式。6．losing考查动名词。介词about后接动名词，故填losing。7．healthy/healthful考查形容词。“(有益于)健康的食物”，本处用形容词healthy/healthful作定语修饰名词food。8．yourself考查反身代词。“你会自由做你自己”，根据主语you可知，应用反身代词yourself。9．if/when考查连词。句意：如果/当你对自己感到舒服，你才是自由的。故本处应用连词if/when。10．the考查冠词。“最美丽最聪明的女子”，本处应用定冠词the修饰形容词的最高级。语法填空(2016·福建省普通高中毕业班质检)MakeyourhomeasaferplaceYouprobablythinkthatyourhomeistheoneplacewhereyouaresafe.That'swhatIthoughtuntillastweek.NowIknowourflatisfullofaccidentswaiting__1__(happen).Nextmonthwe'lllook__2__mynieceandnephewwhiletheirparentsgoawayfor__3__shortbreak.Wewillaskthemtocomeandmakesurethateverythingis__4__(total)OK.Allofuswillgetafew__5__(surprise)．Westartinthesparebedroom,in__6__thechildrenwillsleep.Everybodyknowsyoushouldn'tputchildren'sbedsunderawindowincaseachild__7__(try)toclimbout.Nextisthebathroom.Wekeepourmedicinesonashelfabovethewashbasin.Neverleavemedicineswherechildrencanfind__8__(they).Theymightthinktheyaresweets.Finally,thekitchen.Thisisthemost__9__(danger)roominthehouse.Knivesshould__10__(keep)indrawerswhichchildrencan'treach,andallcleaningliquidsinhighcupboards.Sowehavethreeweekstomakeourhousesafe.It'snotdifficult...onceyouknowhowtodo.1．________5．________9．________【参考答案】语法填空语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何让家更安全。1．tohappen固定搭配waittodosth.意为“等着做某事”，故填tohappen。2．after固定搭配lookafter意为“照看”，与“whiletheirparentsgoaway”呼应。3．abreak意为“休息”，是可数名词，此处表泛指，故用不定冠词修饰。4．totally修饰形容词应用副词，故用副词totally修饰形容词OK，在句子中作状语。5．surprisessurprise此处意为“意想不到的事”，是可数名词，且被afew修饰，故用复数形式。6．which此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为thesparebedroom,inwhich＝where。7．tries/shouldtryincase引导的状语从句中，从句用虚拟语气，常用“should＋do”的形式；也可以不用虚拟语气，主从句时态一致，故用tries。8．them空处作谓语动词find的宾语，因此应用宾格形式。9．dangerous修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词dangerous在句子中作定语，与themost呼应。10．bekept句子主语Knives与keep之间构成动宾关系，故用被动语态bekept。（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个或者3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2017·成都第一次诊断)Over2,200yearsago,Chengduwasthreatenedbyfrequentfloods.LiBing,togetherwithhisson,decidedtoconstructanirrigationsystemontheMinjiangRiver,__1__(prevent)flooding.__2__havingalongstudyandalotofhardworkbythelocalpeople,thegreatDujiangyanIrrigationSystemwascompleted.Sincethen,theChengduPlain__3__(be)freeoffloodingandthepeoplehavebeenlivingpeacefullyandwealthily.Itisthe__4__(old)andonlysurvivingno­damirrigationsystemintheworld.Itisalso__5__wonderinthedevelopmentofChinesescience.Theprojectconsistsofthreeimportantparts,namelyYuzui,FeishayanandBaopingkou,whichwere__6__(science)designedtocontrolthewaterflowoftheriversthroughouttheyear.ThereisagloriousbridgecalledtheAnlanCableBridgecrossingtheMinjiangRiveraboveYuzui,__7__youcanclearlyseetheentiresystem.Thegreat__8__(construct)originallystartedbeforetheSongDynasty.Atthattime,thebodyofthebridgewasconstructedwithwoodenblocksandthehandrails(扶手)weremadeofbamboo.Recentlythewoodandbamboohavebeenreplacedwithsteelandconcretetoguaranteethesecurityof__9__(visit)fromhomeandabroad.Seenfromafar,thebridgelookslikearainbow__10__(hang)overtheriver.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了成都都江堰水利工程的建造过程、世界地位、历史价值以及该工程的现状。【段意梳理】第一段：为阻止成都遭受洪水侵扰，李冰父子决定修建都江堰水利工程。第二段：都江堰水利工程的世界地位和历史意义。第三段：安澜索桥横跨岷江，在那里可以看到都江堰水利工程的全貌。1．toprevent考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，李冰和他的儿子在岷江设计灌溉系统的目的是阻止洪水在成都泛滥，故此处应用动词不定式表示目的。2．After考查介词。在经过长期调研和地方群众的艰苦工作之后，都江堰水利工程完工。after意为“在……之后”，符合语境。3．hasbeen考查时态。句意：从那时起，成都平原不再受洪水侵扰，人们过着和平、富裕的生活。根据该句中的“Sincethen”及“havebeen”可知，该句应用现在完成时。4．oldest考查形容词最高级。根据该句中的the和“intheworld”可知，都江堰水利工程是世界上现存最古老的无坝水利工程，故用最高级。5．a考查不定冠词。句意：它也是中国科学发展历史上的一个奇迹。这里泛指“一个奇迹”，故用不定冠词。6．scientifically考查副词。空处修饰动词，故用副词形式。7．where考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导该定语从句。8．construction考查名词。根据空前的形容词“great”可以判断，空处被形容词修饰，故用名词形式。9．visitors考查名词的数。这里指“保证国内外游客的安全”，故用名词的复数形式。10．hanging考查非谓语动词。句意：从远处看，这座桥就像是悬挂在江上方的彩虹。空处与rainbow存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个或者3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2017·陕西质量检测)Also__1__(know)as“paperpaintings”and“paintedpictures”，NewYearpaintingsare__2__uniqueartforminChinesefolkculture.Thepaintingsarecalled“NewYearpaintings”becausetheyare__3__(most)postedduringtheChineseNewYearholiday__4__decorationandtheyarealsoasymbolofNewYear'sgreetings.NewYearpaintings__5__(appear)aroundtheTangdynasty,replacingthepreviousdoorpictures__6__(feature)thegodsbelievedtobeabletoprotecttheresidentsanddriveawaytheSongdynasty,NewYearpaintingswerecreatedonalargescale.Withtheadvancementofprintingtechnology,thecontentandformsofNewYearpaintingsbecame__7__(diversity).ThedevelopmentofthepaintingsmaturedintheMingandQingdynasties,__8__thearthititsheyday(全盛期)．Traditionalprinting__9__(method)ofNewYearpaintingsincludewoodblockprinting,stone­blockprinting,offset(胶印)printing,traditionalChinesepainting，watercolorpaintingandsketchesprintedNewYearpaintings__10__(be)themostpopularandinterestingones.【解题导语】本文为说明文，涉及社会文化和习俗话题。本文主要介绍了中国的传统文化艺术之一——年画的用途、起源和分类，彰显了中国元素。1．known考查过去分词。空前无主语，故填非谓语动词。beknownas“作为……而知名”，故填known。2．a考查冠词。年画是中国民间文化中的一种独特的艺术形式。此处表示泛指，故填不定冠词。unique的发音不是以元音音素开头的，故用a。3．mostly考查副词。因为它们通常都在春节期间被张贴，作为装饰画。修饰谓语动词用副词。mostly“通常，多半，大部分”。4．for考查介词。此处表示目的，故用介词for。5．appeared考查时态。年画大约起源于唐代，表示过去发生的动作，故使用一般过去时。6．featuring考查动词的­ing形式。代替先前的以神为特色的门画。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰doorpictures。doorpictures与feature之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故填动词的­ing形式作定语，feature在此是动词，意为“以……为特色”。7．diverse/diversified考查形容词。在本句的系表结构中，作表语的应是形容词。diverse“多种多样的”。也可填diversified“多样化的”。8．when考查定语从句。年画在明清时期走向成熟，达到鼎盛。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且从句中缺少时间状语，故填when。9．methods考查名词单复数。从后文可知，年画的制作工艺有很多种，故填method的复数形式。10．are考查主谓一致和时态。木版年画最为盛行，也最有趣。由主语paintings可知，谓语动词应使用复数。且此处是对客观情况的陈述，应用一般现在时。语法填空(2016·东北三省四市教研联合体模拟)Love,wealthandopportunities—parentstodaydo__1__(they)besttoleavepossessionsfortheirkids,__2__theyarerichorpoor.ButMarkZuckerberg,thefounderandCEOofthesocialmediagiantFacebook,hassomething__3__(large)inmind.OnDec.1,Zuckerberg,31,announcedthebirthofhisfirstchildandthestart__4__theChanZuckerbergInitiative,__5__organizationforhelpingpeoplein(make)theworldabetterplacefortheirkidstogrowupin,Zuckerbergsaidheandhiswife,PriscillaChan,wouldgiveaway99percentoftheirFacebookshares__7__nowareworthabout$45billion(about288billionyuan)togoodcauses.However,theshareswillnotbedonatedtotheorganizationimmediately,butoverthecourseofthecouple'slives.The__8__(announce)waspresentedasaletter__9__(write)bythecoupletotheirnewbabygirl,Max.Accordingtotheletter,theChanZuckerbergInitiative__10__(help)torealize“humanpotential”and“equalityforallchildreninthenextgeneration”．1．________5．________9．________【参考答案】语法填空语篇解读：很多父母都尽力给孩子留下