最新七年级英语下册阅读理解经典题型带答案(word)

最新七年级英语下册阅读理解经典题型带答案（word）一、七年级英语下册阅读理解专项目练习（含答案解析）1．阅读理解Hereisourpetdog，Mr.Hawkeye.Mr.Hawkeyeissevenyearsold，andwegothimfromourvet（兽医）.Hetakesinalotofcats.Hereceiveshisnamebecauseheissuchahawk（掠夺者）aroundfood.Ifyouarenotlooking，hewilltakeasandwichoffyourplate.Hecansmellthedeliciousfoodinthefridgefromanotherfloorinthehouse，andpotatochipsarehisfavouritethingtosteal!Thiscomesthename，Hawkeye.Hawkeyewasagreatanimalatthevet.Theythoughthecouldbringgoodluckandhetookcareofallthenewcats，givingthembaths，etc.Hedoesthatatourhouseaswell.LikeIsaid，heisquiteacharacterandveryfriendly.Healwaysgreets（问候）uswhenwecomehome.Hehastocheckoutallthebagstomakesureifthere'sfoodthereforhim,especiallychips!（1）Mr.Hawkeyeis.ourpetdogB.theownerofthepetC.acatD.avet（2）HereceiveshisnameHawkeyebecause.heisahawkaroundfoodB.hecanbringgoodluckC.heisarealcharacterD.heisquickateatingfood（3）Ourpetlikesbestofall.sandwichesB.potatochipsC.potatoesD.newcats（4）Theunderlinedword"character"mostlymeanshere.有个性的宠物B.有个性的人C.主角D.英雄（5）WhatdoyouthinkofMr.Hawkeye?Heisverycleverandfriendly.B.Heisverylucky.C.Heisaverygoodvet.D.Hecandoallthehouseworkathome.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）B（4）A（5）A【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是我家的宠物狗鹰眼的故事。我们是从宠物园领的。在宠物园它是一个很好的动物，他对食物的嗅觉很灵敏，它从远的地方能闻到东西所在的地方。它还能照顾猫，他们都认为它能为他们带来幸运。在我们家它也做得很好。当我们回家时它欢迎我们。它很看我们的包，看是否为它带来好吃的。（1）细节理解题。根据Hereisourpetdog，Mr.Hawkeye.这是我们到达宠物狗，鹰眼先生。可知鹰眼是宠物狗。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据Hereceiveshisnamebecauseheissuchahawk（掠夺者）aroundfood.它能有这个名字因为对周围的食物是这样一个掠夺者。故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据andpotatochipsarehisfavouritethingtosteal!薯片是它最喜欢偷的东西。可知它最喜欢的食物是薯片。故选B。词意猜测题。根据短文叙述的内容鹰眼会照顾猫，给猫洗澡，可知它很有个性和其它的狗不同，可知character在此是有个性的意思，可知鹰眼是有个性的宠物，故选A。细节理解题。根据Theythoughthecouldbringgoodluckandhetookcareofallthenewcats，givingthembaths，etc.他们认为它能给他们带来好运，并且它能照顾所有新来的猫，给它们洗澡。可知它非常聪明。LikeIsaid，heisquiteacharacterandveryfriendly.像我说的，他是很有个性和非常友好。故选A。【点评】此题考查阅读理解。解答细节理解题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案；推理判断题既要透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要根据作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。最后确定正确答案。2．根据材料内容，选择正确答案。DByabout2020anewcompanyfromIndiawillbeopeningdollarstoresallovertheworldtoselltheirproducts.Theywillbeahugesuccess,sellingalotofbigthingsforlowprices.Atthesestores,theywillsellacarthatiscustomized(定做)tothecustomer'sneeds.Soyouwillbuyyourcarpiecebypiece.What'sthepointofbuyingatopifyoudon'tneedone?Whybuysidestoyourcarifyouwantagoodview?Ifyoualwaysdrivealone,what'sthepointofbuyingfourseats?Thesolutionistobuyonlywhatyouneed;payadollarforeachwheel,adollarfortheengine,adollarforthefloor,adollarforaseat,andawayyougo.Whenitlookslikerain,runbackandbuyaroof.Whenwintercomesyoucanbuythesidesandtop;orfoldupwhatyouhaveandstoreit.Reliability(可靠性)won'tbeaproblembecausewhensomethingbreaksdown,justthrowitawayandbuyanewone.Whenyougettiredofthecolorofstyle,justreplaceit.Whileitmayfeellikeyouarealwaysdishingoutmoney,bythetimeyou'vedone,youmightonlypay$12.00fortheentirecar,solet'snotcomplain.ThisstorewillbesuchabighitinIndia.Whydoesthewritersaythestoreswillbesuccessful?Thestoressellbigthingsforlowprices.B.Thestoresareallovertheworld.C.Thestoressellcarscustomizedtocustomers'needs.D.ThestoresarefromIndia.Whensomethingaboutthecarbreaksdown,whatcanyoudowithit?Youcanfolditupandtakeithome.B.Youcanrunbacktothestore.C.Youcanthrowitawayandbuyanewone.D.Youcanreplaceitscolourandstyle.Whydoesthewriteraskusnottocomplain?Becausetheentirecarcostsyousolittleasto$12.00.Becausethecarhasthecolororstylethatyoulike.Becausewhensomethingbreaksdown,youcanreplaceitwithalittlemoney.Becauseyoucanbealwaysdishingoutmoney.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A【解析】【分析】（1）细节理解，从第二段的第一句可以得出。因为这样的商店能根据人们的需要来定制汽车，所以这样的商店会很火，而不是因为数量多。故选Co（2）细节理解。从第三段的第二句话你可以得出。如果车的某一部分坏了，你可以把它扔掉再买新的。故选Co（3）细节理解。从第三段的最后一句话看出，作者让我们不要抱怨是因为整个汽车的价格很便宜。故选Ao【点评】这篇文章主要是细节理解题目。3．阅读理解DearTim,TodayisSaturday.It's7:00intheeveninghere.I'mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutmylife.MyfatheriswatchingatalkshowonCCTV.That'shisfavoriteprogram.Mybrotherisplayingcomputergames.MydogDickistakingthehattome.Hewantsmetoputitonandgooutforawalkwithhim.Whatacleverdog!Mylittlesisterispracticingplayingthepiano.Itsoundsbeautifultoday.Outside,Icanhearcarsandbusescomingandgoingquickly.Alsotherearesomeboysplayingballgames.It'sreallyanoisybuthappyevening.Whatareyourfamilydoing?Iknowthattimehereisthirteenhoursahead（提前）ofthatinNewYork.Areyougettingup?Pleasewritetomesoon.Bestwishes!Yours,Daniel（1）Daniel'sfatheris.listeningtothenewswatchingatalkshowonTVwatchingavideolisteningtosomemusic（2）Thedogwantsthewritertoputthehatonbecause.helikesthehatverymuchhethinksthehatisstrangetheweatheristoohothewantstogooutforawalk（3）Whatdoyouthinkofthepianoplayingskillofthewriter'ssister?A.It'smuchbetter（更好）.It'sjustasusual(和平常一样).It'smuchworse(更糟的).It'salwayssogood.Howdoesthewriterfeelwhileheiswritingtheletter?A.Notverywell.B.Verybad.C.Veryhappy.D.Verysad.WhattimeisitinNewYorkwhenthewriterwritestheletter?A.4:00a.m.B.5:00a.m.C.6:00a.m.D.7:00p.m.【答案】(1)B(2)D(3)A(4)C(5)C【解析】【分析】文章大意：丹尼尔给蒂姆写了一封信，告诉蒂姆，在星期六七点丹尼尔的家人都在干什么。并问蒂姆的家人在干什么。并要求蒂姆尽快回信。细节理解题，根据MyfatheriswatchingatalkshowonCCTV.可知丹尼尔的爸爸在看电视上的脱口秀节目，故答案是B。细节理解题，根据Hewantsmetoputitonandgooutforawalkwithhim.可知，狗戴帽子的原因是他想出去遛弯，故答案是Do逻辑推理题，根据Itsoundsbeautifultoday.可知今天弹奏的听上去很优美，意味着钢琴演奏技艺比原来好了，故答案是Ao细节理解题，根据It'sreallyanoisybuthappyevening.可知作者心里很高心，故答案是Co数字计算题，根据It's7:00intheeveninghere.和Iknowthattimehereisthirteenhoursahead(提前)ofthatinNewYork.可知纽约现在的时间是早晨六点，故答案是Co【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、数字计算题和题逻辑推理。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；数字计算题需要根据文中的数字进行简单地计算；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。4．阅读理解Someonesaysuccessneedsluckandhardwork.Butinfactyoucanbesuccessfulwithoutworkingmuch.Maybeyoudon'tbelieveit，butitistrue．Herearesomegreatwaysforyou.Keepreading!Theydon'tdothingstheycanwait.Wethinkit'sbettertogetreadyforanything.It'strue.Butifyou'llhaveyourbirthdayinaweek.Whydoyoustartpreparingforitnow?Rememberthatatthesametimetherearelotsofotherimportantthingsforyoutodo.Theyknowwhattheywant,Successfulpeopleknowwhattheywant.Theyneverwastetheirtimeonthingstheydon'tlikemanybusypeoplehavenotimeforthemselves,Theyslowlyforgetwhattheirdreamsare,Sostopdoingwhatyoudon'twanttodoandthinkmore,It'llhelpyoufindoutyourdreaminlife,Manypeoplearealldayandallnight,Theyarereallytired,Infact,Theyarebusywithlotsofuselessthings.Butwhentheyshoulddothereallyimportantthings,theyhavenoenoughenergy.Thinkclearlyandbealwaysreadytoactwhenit'stimeforyourbestaction,（1）Whoshouldreadthispassage?Someonewhodoesn'twanttowastetime.Someonewhoalwaysputsoffdoingeverything.Someonewhohopestobesuccessfulwithoutdoinganything.Someonewhohopestogetsomegreatwaystobesuccessful.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"useless"mean?A.NotpopularB.NotmodemC.NotusefulD.Nothat（3）Howdosomepeoplegetsuccessfulaccordingtothewriter?Byworkinghardandhavingluck.Bywaitingforsuccesstocome.Bydoingmoreandthinkingless.Byknowingwhattheyreallywant.（4）whichofthefollowingcanbeputintotheblank?Theyalwaysworkhard.Theyneverworktoomuch.Theyarebusywiththeirwork.Theycandoeverythingwell.（5）Wherecanweprobablyreadthispassage?A.Inamagazine.B.Inatravelguide.C.Inastorybook.D.Inapostcard.【答案】（1）DTOC\o"1-5"\h\z（2）C（3）D（4）B（5）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了几种不需努力就能成功的方法。（1）细节理解题，根据第一段内容可知希望找到一些成功的好方法的人应该读这篇文章，故选Do（2）词义猜测题，根据下一句Butwhentheyshoulddothereallyimportantthings,theyhavenoenoughenergy.但当他们应该做真正重要的事情，他们没有足够的精力。可知他们忙于一些无用的事情，notuseful无用的，故选Co（3）细节理解题，根据第三段Successfulpeopleknowwhattheywant.可知成功的人知道他们真正想要什么，故选D。（4）段落大意题，根据第四段的内容可知有些人不分昼夜的忙，但他们忙于一些无用的事情，当他们应该做一些真正重要的事情时，他们精力不足了，所以他们从没工作的太多，故选B。（5）推理判断题，本文主要介绍了几种不需努力就能成功的方法。这样的文章应该是出现在杂志上，A杂志；B旅游指南；C故事书；D明信片，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解题，本文涉及细节题、词义猜测题、推理判断题、段落大意题四种常考题型，细节题要带着问题在阅读中寻找答案；词义猜测题要抓住上下文，善于利用连接词、代词及词性、同义词、反义词等进行判断选择；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；段落大意题要正确地选取能包含段落的主要内容选项。5•阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。I'mLinMin.MysisterLinLiisateacher,butsheisn'tinBeijingwithus.SheworksinaschoolinYushuinQinghai.Sheworksveryhard.Everymorningafterbreakfast,shegoestofourofherstudents'homesandbringsthemtoschool.Ateighto'clock,thestudentshavethefirstmorningclassA.fterfourclassest,heyhavelunchatschool.Duringthelunchtime,LinLitellssomestoriestothem.Thestudentslikelisteningtoherstories.Theafternoonclassesstartat00andfinishat16:00.Afterschool,LinLisendsthefourstudentsbacktotheirhomesandgehomeat17:00.Intheevening,shedoesn'twatchTVorplaycomputergames.Sheusuallychecksherstudents'homework.Thenshegoestobedat22:00LinLiwantstodomorethingsforherstudents.Sheisagreatteacher,isn'tshe?（1）LinLigoestosomeofherstudents'homesinthemorning.tovisittheirparentstotellstoriestothemtobringthemtoschooltochecktheirhomework（2）WhatdoesLinLidoinaday?shewatchesnewsonTV.Shetellsstoriestohertstudensheplayscomputergames.shechecksherstudents'homework.shesendssomestudentsbacktotheirhomes.A.①②③B.②③④C.②④⑤D.③④⑤（3）LinListaysatschoolforabouthours.A.sixB.eightC.tenD.twelve（4）What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A.LinLi'sfamily.B.LinLi'sworkC.LinLi'sschoolD.LinLi'sstudents答案】（1）C2）C（3）B（4）B【解析】【分析】主要讲了林敏介绍了姐姐林丽在青海玉树一所小学一天工作的情况。（1）细节题。根据shegoestofourofherstudents'homesandbringsthemtoschool.可知林丽早上去学生家里把学生带到学校，故选Co（2）细节题。根据LinLitellssomestoriestothem.可知②正确；根据Sheusuallychecksherstudents'homework.可知④正确；根据LinLisendsthefourstudentsbacktotheirhomes可知⑤正确，故选Co（3）细节题。根据Ateighto'clock,thestudentshavethefirstmorningclass.Theafternoonclassesstartat13:00andfinishat16:00.可知八点上课，下午四点下课，一天工作大约8小时，故选B。（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了林敏介绍了姐姐林丽在青海玉树一所小学一天工作的情况。故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6•阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项。WhywillJennyandDannycometoChina'?BecausetheywanttomeetLiMing.B.BecausetheywanttoseetheSilkRoad.C.BecausetheywanttoworkinChina.D.Becausetheywanttovisittheirgrandparents.WhatwillbetheirsecondstopalongtheSilkRoad?Dunhuang.B.Lanzhou.C.Beijing.D.Xi'an.WhywilltheyNOTseealloftheSilkRoad'?A.Becausethetripisboring.B.BecauseXi'anisveryfarfromBeijing.C.Becausetheydon'thaveenoughmoney.D.Becausetheydon'thaveenoughtime.HowmanydayswillJennyandDannystayinChina?A.Aboutfourdays.B.Aboutsixdays.C.Abouttendays.D.Aboutamonth.Thiswritingis.A.ane-mailB.aletter(信)C.fromJennytoLiMingD.abouthowtolearnhistory【答案】(1)B(2)B(3)D(4)C(5)A【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是李明发给Jenny的一个介绍旅游计划的电子邮件，告诉Jenny他们到达中国以后参观丝绸之路的大致行程及日程安排。细节理解题。根据文中的语句YouandDannywillcometoChinaandseetheSilkRoad(丝绸之路)withus!理解可知，Jenny到中国的目的就是参观丝绸之路，故选B。细节理解题。根据文中的语句Days5-6VisitLanzhouandtheYellowRiver理解可知，他们的第二站是兰州，故选B。细节理解题。根据文中的语句TheSilkRoadisabout6500kilometerslong!Butwedon'thaveenough(足够的)timetoseeitall.Wecanonlyseepart(部分)ofit.理解可知，我们不能参观丝绸之路的全部的主要原因是时间不充足，故选D。细节理解题。根据文中的语句Days9-10ComebacktoBeijingandleaveBeijing理解可知，Jenny与Danny在中国大约呆十天，故选C。根据文章标头上的邮箱地址可知，这是一个电子邮件，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。7．阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。AnnaIworkinabankfromMondaytoFriday.Myhouseisnearaparkandisabouttenkilometersfrommyoffice.Iusuallygotoworkbytrain.Iusuallygetupat6:30a.m.andtakethetrainat7:00a.m.Itusuallytakesmeaboutthirtyminutestogettomyoffice.Thetrainisquickandcheap.Iamneverlateforwork.JoeIamastudent.Myhouseisnearabeautifullake.Myschoolisacrossfromthelake.Icanwalktoschoolacrossabridge.Ittakesmeaboutthirtyminutes.ButIoftengotoschoolbyboat,becauseitismorefun.Ittakesmeabouttwentyminutes.MollyI'mawaiter.IworkinarestaurantfromMondaytoSaturday.Ioftengotoworkbybus.Itisaboutfivekilometersfrommyhousetotherestaurant.Ittakesmeabouttwenty-fiveminutestogotowork.SometimesIamlateforworkbecausethetrafficisverybusy.（1）Annausuallyarrivesatherofficeatabout.A.6:30a.m.B.7:00a.m.C.7:30a.m.D.8:00a.m.（2）HowdoesJoeoftengotoschool?D.Takesaboat.A.Takesabus.B.Takesatrain.C.Walks.D.Takesaboat.（3）Mollylivesaboutkilometersfromherworkplace.A.fiveB.tenC.fifteenD.twenty【答案】（1）C2）D（3）A【解析】【分析】大意：这是三则书信，分别介绍Anna、Joe和Molly的三个人的个人情况。Anna是一名银行职员；而Joe是一名学生，住在美丽的湖畔，经常乘船去上学；Molley是一名作家，在一家餐馆上班。（1）细节题。根据takethetrainat7:00a.m.Itusuallytakesmeaboutthirtyminutestogettomyoffice.可知她大约7:30a.m.到达自己的办公室，故选C。（2）细节题。根据Ioftengotoschoolbyboat.可知他经常坐船去上班，故选D。（3）细节题。根据Itisaboutfivekilometersfrommyhousetotherestaurant.可知她家里她自己的工作的地点大约5千米，故选A。【点评】细节题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案。8．阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Candolphins（海豚）talk?Maybetheycannottalkwithwords,buttheycantalkwithsounds.Theyshowtheirfeelingswithsounds.Dolphinstravelinagroup.Wecallagroupoffisha"school".Theydonotstudy,buttheytraveltogether.Dolphinsaremammals（哺乳动物）,notfish,buttheyswimtogetherlikefishinaschool.Dolphinstalktotheotherdolphinsintheschool.Theygiveinformationtotheothers.Theytalkwhentheyarehappy,sadorafraid.Theysay"welcome"whenadolphincomesbacktotheschool.Theytalkwhentheyplay.Theymakesomesoundsabovewater.Theymakemanymoresoundsunderwater.Peoplecannothearthesesoundsbecausetheyarevery,veryhigh.Scientistsmaketapesofthesoundsandstudythem.Sometimespeoplecatchdolphinsforalargeaquarium（水族宫）.Peoplecanwatchdolphinsinashow.Dolphinsdonotliketobeawayfromtheirschoolinanaquarium.Theyaresadandlonely.Therearemanystoriesaboutdolphins.Theyhelppeople.Sometimestheysavesomebody'slife.Dolphins'meatisgood,butpeopledonotliketokillthem.Theysaythatdolphinsbringgoodluck.Manypeoplebelievethis.Theword"school"inthispassagemeans"".A.aplaceforstudentstostudyagroupoffishtravellingtogetheraspecialkindofanimalaplacefortrainingdolphinsAccordingtothepassage,dolphinsintheschool.A.don'ttellotherdolphinswhentheyareafraidtalkwhentheysleepsay"sorry"whenadolphincomesbackgiveinformationtotheotherdolphinsWhat'sthebesttit题I目)forthispassage?A.Dolphins'TalkB.SchoolsofDolphinsC.TheDolphinsD.Man【答案】(1)BDC【解析】【分析】本文讲述海豚生活方式及它们是哺乳动物。它们不能用语言交流，但是它们可以用声音交流表达感情，它们都是一群一群在一起。词义猜测题。根据Theydonotstudy,buttheytravel可知推h出它们是一群在一起到处游动的鱼，故选B。细节题。根据Theygiveinformationtothe它们Bi互向其他海豚传递信息，故选D。主旨题。本文是介绍海豚的一篇文章，因此可以用海豚为标题，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题、词句猜测题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出出需要的词句意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。9．阅读理解FastFoodisGoodButBad!Peopleallovertheworldliketoeatinfastfoodrestaurants.Thefoodthereisdeliciouscomesveryquickly.Also,itisnottooexpensive,andtherestaurantsarealwayscleanandbrigPeoplecaneatinortaketheirfoodaway.Chinesefamilieslovetocatinfastfoodrestaurantst,oo.TherearetwokindsoffastfoodrestaurantsinChina.ThereareWesternfastfoodrestaurantsa,ndthereareChineseones.Westernfastfoodrestaurantssellhamburgers,Frenchfries,friedchickenlegs,drinkandsoonTheChinesefastfoodrestaurantsselldumplings,noodles,springrolls,andotherChinesesnack(快餐).Myfamilylikesfastfood,butwedon'teatatWesternfastfoodrestaurantvseryoften.Mymomsayssomefastfoodisbadforus.Itisusuall(脂肪hinSfattisnotgoodforourhealth.ManypeopleliketoeatinfastfoodrestaurantsNOTbecause.

A.thefoodisexpensiveB.thefoodisdeliciousC.thefoodcomesveryfastD.therestaurantsarecomfortable(舒适的)InWesternfastfoodrestaurants,youcaneat.A.noodlesB.hamburgersC.dumplingsD.springrollsChineseliketoeatin.B.ChinesefastfoodrestaurantsD.WesternandChinesefastfoodrestaurantsB.ChinesefastfoodrestaurantsD.WesternandChinesefastfoodrestaurantsB.somefastfoodishighinfatD.thereistoomuchfastfoodC.theirhomesFastfoodisbadbecauseA.somefastfoodisnotfastC.somefastfoodisexpensive【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)D(4)B【解析】【分析】文章大意：全世界的人都喜欢吃快餐，它好吃，便捷又很便宜，但是快餐也有很多的缺点。细节理解题。根据文中的语句Thefoodthereisdeliciousanditcomesveryquickly.Also,itisnottooexpensive,理解可知，快餐受欢迎的原因之一是便宜而不是昂贵，故选A。细节理解题。根据文中的语句Westernfastfoodrestaurantssellhamburgers,Frenchfries,friedchickenlegs,drinkandsoon.可知，在西餐馆里我们可以买到汉堡，炸薯条，炸鸡腿还有饮料等，故选B。细节理解题。根据文中的语句Chinesefamilieslovetocatinfastfoodrestaurants,too.TherearetwokindsoffastfoodrestaurantsinChina.ThereareWesternfastfoodrestaurants,andthereareChineseones.理解可知，中国人既喜欢吃西餐也喜欢吃中餐，故选D。细节理解题。根据文中的语句Mymomsayssomefastfoodisbadforus.Itisusuallyhighinfat理解可知，西餐的脂肪含量高，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解；根据要求，结合语境，运用正确