高中英语外刊House Fire 住宅火灾课件

外刊精读课件HouseFire住宅火灾Asmorepeoplelivecloserandclosertogether,particularlyasaresultof

urbanization,risksassociatedwithfireincrease.Housefiresaremostlyaccidental,usuallyinrelationtotheuseofindoorlamps,stoves(炉子)orheatersthatuseanopenflame.However,carelessuseofcigarettesisanotherleadingcauseoffires,andfiresmayalsobesetdeliberatelyaspublicviolenceandarson(纵火).随着越来越多的人住得越来越近，尤其是因为城市化，与火灾相关的风险随之增加。住宅火灾绝大多数都是意外事故，通常与使用明火的室内灯、炉子或加热器有关。然而，吸烟不小心是火灾的另一个主要原因，火灾也可能是蓄意为之的，例如公共暴力和纵火。asaresultof作为……的结果urbanization

n

城市化（urban+-ize+-ation）beassociatedwith与……有关inrelationto关于heatern

加热器（heat+-er）Whilelocalizedineffect,housefiresultimatelyaffecthundredsofthousandsofhomesayearworld-wide.Firespreadsquicklyandcaneasilyengulf(吞没)ahomeandneighboring

structureswithinminutes.虽然住宅火灾的影响是局部的，但每年最终会影响到全世界成千上万的家庭。火势蔓延很快，几分钟内就能吞没房屋和邻近的建筑。localizedadj

局部的（local+-ize+-ed）ultimately

adv

[课标新增词]最终地；最后地（ultimate+-ly）hundredsofthousandsof成千上万的neighboringadj

邻近的；附近的（neighbor+-ing）structuren[课标新增词][学术词]建筑物Inurbansettings,fireriskisoftenaggravated(加剧；恶化)bythedifficultyofaccessforfireresponseequipmentintonarrowstreetsandhigh-risebuildingspresentanotherchallengewherethemiddleandtopfloorsofthebuildingmayonlybeaccessiblebystairs.在城市环境中，火灾风险通常因消防设备难以进入狭窄的街道而加剧，同时高层建筑也是另一个挑战，它们的中层和顶层可能只能通过楼梯到达。high-riseadj

高层的（high+rise）presentv[熟词生义]导致；（使）发生Household家庭Themosteffectivewaytoprotectyourselfandyourhomefromfireistoidentifyandremovefirehazards(危险；隐患).Sixty-fivepercentofhomefiredeathsoccur

inhomeswithnoworkingsmokealarms.Duringahomefire,workingsmokealarmsandafireescapeplanthathasbeenpracticedregularlycansavelives.保护自己和家人免受火灾伤害的最有效的方法是识别和消除火灾隐患。65%的家庭火灾死亡事故发生在没有有效的烟雾报警器的家庭。在家庭火灾中，正常工作的烟雾报警器和定期练习的火灾逃生计划可以拯救生命。householdn[课标新增词]家庭；一家人effectiveadj

有效的（effect+-ive）identifyv[课标新增词][学术词]发现；认出removev[学术词]去除；移开 occurv[学术词]发生；出现·Ifafireoccursinyourhome,GETOUT,STAYOUTandCALLforhelp.如果在你的住宅发生火灾，离开室内，待在外面，打电话求助。·Install(安装)smokealarmsoneverylevelofyourhome,insidebedroomsandoutsidesleepingareas.Testthemeverymonthandreplacethebatteriesatleastonceayear.Becausesmokerises,putthealarmsontheceilingorhighonthewall.Getnewsmokealarmseverytenyears.在住宅的每一层都安装烟雾报警器，且卧室内外都要安装。每月测试一次，且每年至少更换一次电池。因为烟雾会上升，把警报器固定在天花板上或墙的高处。定期测试烟雾报警器。每年安装新电池。每十年更换一次新的烟雾报警器。·Homefireplansshouldincludeatleasttwowaystoescapefromeveryroomofyourhome.家庭消防计划应该至少包括两种逃生方法，具体应涵盖家中的每个房间。·Selectameetingspotatasafedistancefromyourhomewherefamilymemberscanmeetafterafire.选定一个离住宅安全距离的见面地点，火灾后家庭成员可以在那里见面。spotn

地点；场所·Talkwithallhouseholdmembersaboutafireescapeplanandpracticetheplantwiceayear.与所有家庭成员讨论火灾逃生计划，并每年练习两次。Tohelpavoidafireinthehome,therearestepssomeonecantake:为了避免家中发生火灾，可以采取以下措施:·Keepitemsthatcancatchonfireatleastthreefeetawayfromanythingthatgetshot,suchassourcesofheatorstoves.将可能着火的物品放在离热源或炉子之类的发热物体至少三英尺远的地方。itemn[课标新增词]物品；商品sourcen[课标新增词]源头；来源·Neversmokeinbed.千万不要在床上抽烟。·Turnportableheatersoffwhenleavingtheroomorgoingtosleep.离开房间或睡觉时，关闭便携式加热器。portableadj

便于携带的；轻便的（port+-able）[AmericanRedCross][美国红十字会]ThebiggestdisasterthreattofamiliesintheUnitedStatesisn’tfloods,hurricanes(飓风)ortornadoes(龙卷风);it’sfire.TheAmericanRedCrossrespondsto

adisastereveryeightminutesandnearlyallofthesearehomefires.AccordingtotheU.S.FireAdministration

(USFA),therearealmost365,000residentialfiresreportedintheU.S.everyyearcausingonaverage,thedeathofsevenAmericansinhomefireseveryday.对美国家庭来说，最大的灾难性威胁不是洪水、飓风或龙卷风，而是火灾。美国红十字会每八分钟就会响应一次火灾事故，几乎都是住宅火灾。根据美国消防管理局（USFA）的数据，美国每年报告近365,000起住宅火灾事故，平均每天有7名美国人死于住宅火灾。respondto对……作出响应U.S.FireAdministration(USFA)

美国消防管理局residential

adj

住宅的（resident[课标新增词]+-ial）

onaverage平均Thesefirescausemorethan$6billioninpropertyloss.Whilethefrequency

offiredeathshassteadilydecreasedoverthepasttenyearsduetoincreasedawarenessandsafetymeasures,morethan2,400Americansstilldieeveryyearinhomefires.Fortunately,mosthomefirescanbeprevented.Homeownersshouldcheckforitemsthatcanbehazardoussuchascandlesandspaceheaters–commonitemsthatcanturndangerousveryquickly.这些火灾造成超过60亿美元的财产损失。虽然在过去的十年中，由于安全意识的提高和安全措施的实施，火灾死亡的发生率稳步下降，但每年仍有超过2,400名美国人死于住宅火灾。幸运的是，大多数住宅火灾是可以预防的。房主应该检查可能有危险的物品，如蜡烛和取暖器——这些常见物品可以顷刻间变成危险品。propertyn[课标新增词]财产；资产frequencyn[课标新增词]频率；频繁阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Asmorepeoplelivecloserandclosertogether,particularlyasaresultofurbanization,risksassociatedwithfireincrease.Housefiresaremostlyaccidental,usuallyinrelationtotheuseofindoorlampsorheatersthatuseanopenflame.1Whilelocalizedineffect,housefiresultimatelyaffecthundredsofthousandsofhomesayearworld-wide.2Inurbansettings,fireriskisoftenincreasedbythedifficultyofaccessforfireresponseequipmentintonarrowstreets.Themosteffectivewaytoprotectyourselfandyourhomefromfireistoidentifyandremovefirehazards.Sixty-fivepercentofhomefiredeathsoccurinhomeswithnoworkingsmokealarms.3Installsmokealarmsoneverylevelofyourhome,insidebedroomsandoutsidesleepingareas.

4Testthemeverymonthandreplacethebatteriesatleastonceayear.

5Talkwithallhouseholdmembersaboutafireescapeplanandpracticetheplantwiceayear.Youcane