考研考博-英语-上海济光职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-上海济光职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

HostilitytoGypsieshasexistedalmostfromthetimetheyfirstappearedinEuropeinthe14thcentury.TheoriginsoftheGypsies,withlittlewrittenhistory,wereshroudedinmystery.Whatisknownnowfromcluesinthevariousdialectsoftheirlanguage,Romany,isthattheycamefromnorthernIndiatotheMiddleEastathousandyearsago,workingasminstrels（吟游歌手）andmercenaries（雇佣兵）,metal-smithsandservants.EuropeansmisnamedthemEgyptians,soonshortenedtoGypsies.Aclan（部落）system,basedmostlyontheirtraditionalcraftsandgeography,hasmadethemadeeplyfragmentedandfractiouspeople,onlyreallyunifyinginthefaceofenmityfromnon-Gypsies,whomtheycallgadje.TodaymanyGypsyactivistsprefertobecalledRoma,whichcomesfromtheRomanywordfor"man".ButonmytravelsamongthemmoststillreferredtothemselvesasGypsies.

InEuropetheirpersecutionbythegadjebeganquickly,withthechurchseeingheresy（异端）intheirfortune-tellingandthestateseeinganti-socialbehaviorintheirnomadism（流浪）.Atvarioustimestheyhavebeenforbiddentoweartheirdistinctivebrightclothes,tospeaktheirownlanguage,totravel,tomarryoneanother,ortoplytheirtraditionalcrafts.Insomecountriestheywerereducedtoslavery.Itwasn'tuntilthemid-1800sthatGypsyslaveswerefreedinRomania.InmorerecenttimestheGypsieswerecaughtupinNaziethnichysteria,andperhapshalfamillionperishedintheHolocaust（大屠杀）.Theirhorseshavebeenshotandthewheelsremovedfromtheirwagons,theirnameshavebeenchanged,theirwomenhavebeensterilized（消除）,andtheirchildrenhavebeenforciblygivenforadoptiontonon-Gypsyfamilies.

ButtheGypsieshaveconfoundedpredictionsoftheirdisappearanceasadistinctethnicgroupandtheirnumbershaveburgeoned(迅速成长).Todaythereareanestimated8to12millionGypsiesscatteredacrossEurope,makingthemthecontinent’slargestminority.Theexactnumberishardtopindown.Gypsieshaveregularlybeenundercounted,bothbyregimesanxioustodownplay(不予重视)theirprofileandbyGypsiesthemselves,seekingtoavoidbureaucracies.Attemptingtoremedypastinequities,activistgroupsmayovercount.HundredsofthousandsmorehaveemigratedtotheAmericasandelsewhere.WithveryfewexceptionsGypsieshaveexpressednogreatdesireforacountrytocalltheirown—unliketheJews,towhomtheGypsyexperienceisoftencompared.“Romanestan”saidRonaldLee,theCanadianGypsywriter,"iswheremytwofeetstand.”

1.Gypsiesareunitedonlywhenthey（

）.

2.InhistoryhostilitytoGypsiesinEuroperesultedintheirpersecutionbyallthefollowingEXCEPT

（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,themaindifferencebetweentheGypsiesandtheJewsliesintheirconceptsof

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthehistoryoftheGypsies?

问题1选项

A.areengagedintraditionalcrafts

B.callthemselvesRoma

C.liveunderaclansystem

D.faceexternalthreats

问题2选项

A.theEgyptians

B.thestate

C.thechurch

D.theNazis

问题3选项

A.language

B.culture

C.identity

D.custom

问题4选项

A.TheoriginoftheGypsiescanonlybeguessedfromtheirlanguage.

B.EuropeanshadthoughtthattheGypsiesoriginatedfromEgypt.

C.SomepeoplehadthoughtthattheGypsiesmightdisappearasadistinctnationality.

D.TherewasonceacountryoftheGypsiesinnorthernIndia.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的onlyreallyunifyinginthefaceofenmityfromnon-Gypsies（只有在非吉普赛人的威胁面前才能真正团结起来）可知D选项“面对外部威胁”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的InEuropetheirpersecutionbythegadjebeganquickly,withthechurchseeingheresyintheirfortune-tellingandthestateseeinganti-socialbehaviorintheirnomadism.InmorerecenttimestheGypsieswerecaughtupinNaziethnichysteria,andperhapshalfamillionperishedintheHolocaust.（在欧洲，非吉普赛人对他们的迫害开始得很快，教会认为他们的算命行为是异端邪说，而政府认为他们的游牧生活是反社会行动。在更近的历史中，吉普赛人被陷入纳粹党歇斯底里的种族迫害中，大约50万人死于大屠杀）可知吉普赛人受到了教堂、政府以及纳粹的迫害，因此选A。

3.细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的WithveryfewexceptionsGypsieshaveexpressednogreatdesireforacountrytocalltheirown—unlikeJews（除了极少数例外，吉普赛人并没有表达出对一个国家的强烈愿望—不像犹太人那样）可知吉普赛人与犹太人的主要区别在于对身份的认同，因此选C。

4.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的Whatisknownnowfromcluesinthevariousdialectsoftheirlanguage,Romany,isthattheycamefromnorthernIndiatotheMiddleEastathousandyearsago（从他们的语言罗曼语的各种方言中的线索可知，一千年前他们从印度北部来到中东）可知D选项“印度北部曾经有一个吉普赛人国家”表示不正确，只能推测吉普赛人从印度北部而来。

2.单选题

Healthexpertsrecommendleisurelymeals.

问题1选项

A.paidfor

B.deleted

C.gathered

D.regular

【答案】D

【解析】考查词义辨析。leisurely意为“不慌不忙的，慢悠悠的”；payfor意为“赔偿，付款，为……付出代价”；delete意为“删除”；gather意为“聚集，集合”；regular意为“规则的，有规律的”。

句意：健康专家建议从容饮食。

3.单选题

Thelasthalfofthenineteenthcentury（）thesteadyimprovementinthemeansoftravel.

问题1选项

A.told

B.declared

C.viewed

D.witnessed

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项tell“告诉、讲述”；B选项declare“宣布、申明”；C选项view“观察”；D选项witness“目击、见证”，句意为：19世纪后半期见证了交通工具的不断改进。D选项符合句意。

4.单选题

Anyonenotpayingtheregistrationfeebytheendofthismonthwillbe______tohavewithdrawnfromtheprogram.

问题1选项

A.contemplated

B.deemed

C.acknowledged

D.anticipated

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.contemplated考虑，思量B.deemed认为，视为

C.acknowledged承认（属实）D.anticipated预料，预期

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意“凡在本月底前未缴纳报名费者将被______退出该课程”可知，bedeemedto（被认为，被视为）符合句意，所以该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】凡在本月底前未缴纳报名费者将被视为退出该课程。

5.单选题

IamconfidentthatI’llprovetobeatremendous____toyourcompany.

问题1选项

A.possession

B.asset

C.property

D.assumption

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.possession所有物；拥有B.asset有价值的人或事物

C.property财产D.assumption（责任的）承担；（权力的）获得

【答案】B

【考查点】语义衔接与名词辨析

【解题思路】原句句意为“我相信我将成为贵公司的宝贵的____。”由此可知，空格所填的词指的是“我”这个人。因此，B选项asset“（~tosb/sth）有价值的人或事物”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项possession“所有物；拥有”，侧重于指个人财产或私人物品，或者inpossessionofsomething指拥有某物的状态；

C选项property“财产”，指个人或团体合法拥有的财产，包括动产与不动产；

D选项assumption“（责任的）承担；（权力的）获得”，不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】我相信我将成为贵公司的宝贵财富。

6.单选题

Intimesofeconomicdifficulty,corporatebudgetsforresearchdevelopmentareoften（）beforeanyothers.

问题1选项

A.shifted

B.examined

C.slashed

D.presented

【答案】C

【解析】shift转移,变换；examine检查；slash削减；present提出,呈现。句意：在经济困难时期,企业的研究开发预算往往比其他任何时候都要先削减。选项C符合句意。

7.填空题

Sedona,locatedinArizona’shighdesert,isfamousforits________beautifulred-sandstoneformations.(startle)

【答案】startlingly

【解析】【考查点】副词。

【解题思路】横线处修饰形容词beautiful，所以应该用副词，startlingly意思为“惊人地”，在这里强调美丽的程度，符合语境。

【句意】塞多纳位于美国亚利桑那州的高沙漠地带，以美丽的红砂岩而闻名。

8.单选题

Atapressconferenceaftertheawardceremonythe18-year-oldgirlspokeinabarely（）voice.

问题1选项

A.audible

B.optional

C.legible

D.identical

【答案】A

【解析】形容词词义辨析。audible可听得见的；optional可选择的,随意的；legible字迹清楚的,易读的；identical相同的,完全一样的。句意：在颁奖典礼后的新闻发布会上，这位18岁的女孩用几乎听不见的声音说话。选项A符合句意。

9.单选题

Whoeverhasskillsandknowledgeinthiscountry,Ibelieve,shouldbeproperlytreatedandrewarded（）hiseducationalbackgroundandfamilyorigin.

问题1选项

A.despiteof

B.regardlessof

C.letalone

D.becauseof

【答案】B

【解析】despiteof尽管；regardlessof不管，不顾；letalone更不用说，听任；becauseof因为，由于。句意：我认为，在这个国家无论谁拥有技术和知识，无论他的教育背景和家庭出身如何，都应该得到适当的对待和奖励。选项B符合句意。

10.单选题

Thirty-onemillionAmericanareover60yearsofage,andtwenty-ninemillionofthemarehealthy,busy,productivecitizens.Bytheyear2030,oneineveryfivepeopleintheUnitedStateswillbeover60.Elderlypeoplearemembersofthefastest-growingminorityinthiscountry.Manycallthisthe“grayingofAmerica”.

In1973,agroupcalledthe“GrayPanthers”wasorganized.Thisgroupismadeupofyoungandoldcitizens.TheyaretryingtodealwiththespecialproblemsofgrowingoldinAmerica.TheGrayPanthersknowthatmanyelderlypeoplehavehealthproblems:somecannotwalkwell,otherscannotseeorhearwell.Somehavefinancialproblems;pricesaregoingupsofastthattheelderlycan’taffordthefood,clothing,andhousingtheyneed.Someoldpeopleareafraidandhavesafetyproblems.Othershaveemotionalproblems.Manyelderlyarelonelybecauseofthedeathofahusbandorawife.TheGrayPanthersknowanotherfact,too.Elderlypeoplewanttobeasindependentaspossible.So,theGrayPanthersarelookingforwaystosolvethespecialproblemsoftheelderly.

ThepresidentoftheGrayPanthersisMaggieKuhn,anactivewomaninherlate70s.ShetravelsacrosstheUnitedStates,educatingbothyoungandoldabouttheconcernsofelders.Oneoftheproblemsshetalksaboutiswhereandhowelderslive.ShesaysthatAmericansdonotencourageelderstolivewithyoungerpeople.AsfarasMaggieKuhnisconcerned,onlyelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcareshouldbeinnursinghomes.

MaggieKuhnknowsthateldersneededucation,too.ShespendslotsoftimetalkingtogroupsofolderAmericans.Sheencouragesthemtocontinuetoliveintheirownhousesifitispossible.Shealsotellsthemthatitisimportanttolivewithyoungerpeopleandtohavechildrenaroundthem.Thishelpselderstostayyoungatheart.

1.Whathealthproblemsdomanyelderlyhave?

2.Nursinghomes（）.

3.MaggieKuhntravelsacrosstheUnitedStatesinorderto（）elders.

4.OneoftheproblemsMaggieKuhntalksaboutis（）.

5.MaggieKuhnencourageseldersto（）.

问题1选项

A.Theyfeellonely.

B.Theyaresufferingfromcancer.

C.Theycannotwalkorseeorhearwell.

D.Theyhavegotheartproblems.

问题2选项

A.aregoodforelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcare

B.helpkeepeldersyoung

C.aresetupfortrainingnurses

D.areplaceswheresmallchildrenaretakencareof

问题3选项

A.collectmoneyfor

B.showconcernsfor

C.findhousesfor

D.educatepeopletohelp

问题4选项

A.whyeldersshouldbetakencareof

B.whereandhowelderslive

C.whoneedsmedicalcare

D.howtoimproveeducationintheUSA

问题5选项

A.liveinnursinghomes

B.travelmore

C.livewithyoungerpeople

D.dosomehousework

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第二段第四句“manyelderlypeoplehavehealthproblems:somecannotwalkwell,otherscannotseeorhearwell.”选项C与原文表述一致，正确。

2.细节事实题。根据关键词“Nursinghomes”定位到第三段最后一句“onlyelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcareshouldbeinnursinghomes.”只有需要不断的医疗护理的老年人才应该住进养老院。也就是说，养老院对需要持续医疗护理的老年人有益。选项A符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据第三段第二句“ShetravelsacrosstheUnitedStates,educatingbothyoungandoldabouttheconcernsofelders.”她走遍美国，教育年轻人和老年人关注老年人的问题。选项D正确。

4.细节事实题。根据第三段第三句“Oneoftheproblemsshetalksaboutiswhereandhowelderslive.”选项B与原文表述一致，正确。

5.细节事实题。根据最后一段的三四句，MaggieKuhn鼓励老人继续住在自己的房子里，和年轻人生活在一起，有孩子在身边是很重要的。选项C符合原文。

11.单选题

Lastyear,thecrimerateinChicagohassharply（

）.

问题1选项

A.descended

B.slipped

C.lessened

D.declined

【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。descend“下降，下倾（数量）”；slip“使滑动”；lessen“使变小，使减轻”；decline“下降，拒绝”。句意：去年，芝加哥的犯罪率急剧下降。因此选项D符合题意。

12.单选题

Nearlyalltreeshaveseedsthatfalltotheearth,takeroot,andeventually().

问题1选项

A.generatenewseeds

B.newseedsgenerated

C.generatesnewseeds

D.newseedsaregenerated

【答案】A

【解析】考查语法知识。本句的that用来引导定语从句修饰先行词seeds，定语从句中有三个并列的动作：fall，takeroot，generate；三个动作形式保持一致，因此A选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Sometimestheseareclearlystatedbutmoreoftenthannottheyare________inattitudesandactions.

问题1选项

A.implicit

B.hidden

C.existent

D.covered

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项“含蓄的，盲从的”；B选项“隐藏的”；C选项“现存的，存在的”；D选项“覆盖的，隐藏着的”。句意：有时候这些东西被描述得很清晰，但是他们会在态度或者行动上（）。根据题干关键词“clearly”和“but”，选A更符合题意，这些描述得很清楚，但是在行动或者态度方面他们是隐晦的。B，D选项一般和by搭配。C选项带入句子中不符合逻辑。

14.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesfromChineseintoEnglish.

国际足联宣布海外球迷观看7月13日决赛的最低门票价格是440美元（约台币288英镑）。

支持者称，他成功的运动生涯以及对2012年伦敦奥运会做出的努力，足以令他拿到这项荣誉。

髙尔夫运动己成为2016年奥运会比赛项目，因此，高尔夫运动及该运动的赞助商都将对关天朗寄以厚望，希望他能够进一步促进该运动蓬勃发展。

2007年10月28日，足协在北京召开新闻发布会，宣布前法国女足主教练伊丽莎白•洛伊塞尔就任中国女足主教练。

不过《每日邮报》此前报道说，穆雷在2013年的新年嘉奖名单上刚刚拿到了大英帝国勋章，以表彰他获得奥运金牌并摘下美网公开赛桂冠，因此他在2014的嘉奖名单上会受到冷落。

【答案】

FIFAannouncedthatthecheapestticketforoverseasfansforthefinalonJuly13is$440(about288pounds).

SupporterssaidthathissuccessfulsportscareerandhiseffortstowardstheLondon2012Olympicsmadehimqualifiedtogainthishonor.

Golfhasbeenincludedinthe2016OlympicGames,sogolfsportsanditssponsorswillplacehighexpectationsonGuanTianlang,hopinghewillpromotethefurtherdevelopmentofgolf.

ThefootballassociationheldanewsconferenceinBeijingandannouncedthatFrancewomen’scoachElizabethLoiselhasbeenappointedaschiefcoachofChinesewomen’sfootballteaminBeijingonOctober28th,2007.

TheDailyMailreportedthatMurraywasawardedanOBEinthe2013NewYear’shonourslistinrecognitionofhisOlympicgoldmedalandUSOpenLaurel,sowouldbeleftoutinthe2014NewYear’shonourslist.

15.单选题

TheHumanStain,directedbyRobertBentonfromascreenplaybyNicholasMeyer,isanhonorableB+termpaperofamovie:sober,scrupulousandearnestlyrespectfulofitsliterarysource.Thisispreciselytheproblem:thatsource,PhilipRoth’s2000novelisnotespeciallysober,scrupulousorrespectful.Itisanangry,ungainlysquallyofabook,aclamorousdefenseofsexualvitalityinanageofPuritancensoriousnessandalyricalinquiryintothemysteriesofrace,oldageandrecent.Americanhistory.LikemuchofMr.Roth’srecentwork,TheHumanStainburstswithcharactersandideas,anditsapparentlyhaphazardorganizationdisguisesanelegantandcunningnarrativestrategy.

ThefilmmakersexplicateMr.Roth’sthemeswithadmirableclarityandcareandobservehischaracterswithdelicatefondness,buttheycannothopetoapproximatethebrillianceandrapacityofhisvoice,whichholdsallthenovels’disparateelementstogether.WithouttheactiveinterventionofMr.Roth’sintelligencethestoryfailstocohere.Itspeoplewanderthroughastrangelyartificiallandscape,andtheideashoverintheairabovethemlikecloudspaintedonabackdrop.

ZuckermanplayedbyGarySinisehasretreatedtoalakesidecabininNewEngland,hopingtofindpeaceandquietaftertwodivorcesandaboutofprostatecancer.

HissolitudeisinterruptedonenightbythearrivalofColemanSilkplayedbyAnthonyHopkins,aformerdeanandclassicsprofessoratnearbyAthenaCollege,whowasforcedtoresignafterbeingaccusedofmakingracistremarksduringalecture.Coleman,whosewifediedsuddenlyinthewakeofthescandal,wantstotakerevengeonhisformercolleaguesbywritingabook.HeputsthisprojectasideoncehefallsintoarevivifyingaffairwithFauniaFarleyplayedbyNicoleKidman,adamaged,desolateandilliterate34-year-oldwhodoesmenialjobsatthecollege,thepostofficeandalocaldairyfarmTheirsexualidyllismenacedbythefacultybusybodieswhochasedColemanfromhisjob,andalsobyFaunia’sformerhusband,Lester(EdHarris),aderangedVietnamveteranwhosuedtobeatherandnowstalksherinhisbigredpickuptruck.

Whatkeepsthemovie,whichopenstodaynationwide,fromdriftingintheSargassoSeaofliteraryhigh-mindednessisthevitalityoftheacting.Mr.Bentionisthekindofdirectorwhoseaffectionandrespectforactorsseepthroughthescreen;hissolicitudeseemstoopenthemup.

ThatMr.HopkinsandMs.Kidmanaremiscastisalmostaxiomatic.Ms.Kidmantriestoovercomethisbysheerforceofwill,strugglingtostiflehernaturalradiance,blunthercrystallinevoiceandblurherfinefeatures,andshecomesclosertosucceedingthanyoumightexpect.Mr.Hopkins,forhispart,mustbattleamoreglaringdiscrepancy,andhedoessowithswingingnonchalance.ColemanSilkisablackmanwhohaspassedforwhiteformostofhisadultlife,stylinghimselfasthefirstJewishclassicisteverhiredatAthena.

Thesepeculiaritiesofcastingmatterlessthantheymight;orratherhowmuchtheymatterchangesfromscenetoscene.Thefilmincludessomesex,aboxingmatchandanoccasionalburstofdancing,butmostoftheactionconsistsoftwocharactersinaroomtalking.Someofthesemoments-alateconfrontationbetweenLesterandZuckerman,abreakfasttablequarrelbetweenFaunniaandColeman,ameetingofthemindsbetweenFaunniaandalarge,cagedcrow-areawkwardlypacedandplaced,butmanyothersarealivewithhumanpainandheat.

Someofthebestperformancesareinsecondaryroles.JacindaBarrettiswonderfullytouchingasColeman’sfirstgreatlove,ablondMidwesternertowhomhedecides,heedlesslyandalittlecruelly,todivulgethesecretofhisrace.Ms.Snuth,herfaceamaskofmaternalstoicism,bringshomethetragedyofColeman’sdecisiontopassforwhitewithaspeechsodrilyandevenlyenunciatedthatitslaceratinginsightonlyregistersoncethecamerahasturnedaway.

Atitsbeat-whichalsotendstobeatitsquietes—TheHumanStainallowsyoubothtocareaboutitscharactersandtothinkaboutthelargerissuesthattheirlivesrepresent.Itsdeepestflawisaninabilitytolinkthosemomentsofempathyandinsightintoacontinuousdrama,tosuggestthatthecharacters’liveskeepgoingwhentheyarenotonscreen.Thefilm’spowerfulindividualscenesseemlikeexcerptsfromamissingwhole,well-appointedroomsinahousewhosebeamsandgirdershavebeencutaway.

1.ThehumanStainisa（）.

2.TheHumanStain（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingistheflawofTheHumanStainintheauthor’sopinion?

4.Whichofthefollowingcouldbeapossiblecommentmadebytheauthor?

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsTheHumanStainis（）.

问题1选项

A.respectablescreenplay

B.scrupulousnovel

C.characteristicbook

D.moviewithmanycharacters

问题2选项

A.Failstomakethestorycoherent

B.wasproducedbyagoodwriter

C.hasthebestactorsandactresses

D.isfullofmysteriouslandscapes

问题3选项

A.Itisnotfromagoodscreenplay.

B.Someactorsarenotsuitablefortheirroles.

C.Thereistoomuchtalkingbetweenpeople.

D.Ms.KidmanandMr.Hopkinsarepooractors.

问题4选项

A.TheHumanStainismysteriousandunscrupulous.

B.TheHumanStainissober,scrupulousandrespectful.

C.TheHumanStaindoesnottellusacoherentstory.

D.TheHumanStainwellrevealshumanweaknesses.

问题5选项

A.negative

B.positive

C.neutral

D.sympathetic

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题题。由题干可定位到文章第一段第一句“TheHumanStain,directedbyRobertBentonfromascreenplaybyNicholasMeyer,isanhonorableB+termpaperofamovie:sober,scrupulousandearnestlyrespectfulofitsliterarysource.（改编自NicholasMeyer的剧本，由RobertBenton执导的《人性的污点》是一篇令人尊敬的关于电影的B+学期论文报告：冷静、谨慎、认真地尊重它的文学来源。）”。由此可知《人性的污点》是一篇学期论文报告。A选项“值得尊敬的剧本”；B选项“谨慎的小说”；C选项“特色书籍”；D选项“有许多角色的电影”，因此C选项正确。

2.判断推理题。根据题干定位到文章第二段的第二句话“WithouttheactiveinterventionofMr.Roth’sintelligencethestoryfailstocohere.（如果没有Mr.Roth的参与，本书所述的衔接就成了问题）”。由此可知该书有一位很好的作者。A选项“不能使故事连贯”说法错误；B选项“是一位好作家写的”正确；C选项“有最好的男女演员”和D选项“充满了神秘的风景”文章都没有提到，因此B选项正确。

3.判断推理题。根据题干定位到文章第六段第一句“ThatMr.HopkinsandMs.Kidmanaremiscastisalmostaxiomatic.（霍普金斯先生和基德曼女士选错角色几乎是不言自明的。）”。由此可知作者认为有些演员并不适合其角色扮演。A选项“它不是出自一个好的剧本”；C选项“角色之间的对话太多了”；D选项“基德曼女士和霍普金斯先生都是可怜的演员”都不符合题意，B选项“有些演员不适合他们的角色”符合题意，因此B选项正确。

4.作者意图题。根据全文可知，作者描述了《人性的污点》中的主要情节以及主要人物的命运，最后一段作者说道“Atitsbeat-whichalsotendstobeatitsquietest——TheHumanStainallowsyoubothtocareaboutitscharactersandtothinkaboutthelargerissuesthattheirlivesrepresent.（关于它的节奏，往往是最安静的——《人性的污点》让你既关心它的人物，并思考他们的生活所代表的更大的问题。）”，由此可知作者对该书的认识很深刻。A选项“《人类的污点》是神秘而不讲道德的”；B选项“《人类的污点》是冷静、细心、恭敬的”；C选项“《人类的污点》并没有告诉我们一个连贯的故事”；都不太符合题意。D选项“《人类的污点》充分暴露了人类的弱点”最符合题意，因此D选项正确。

5.观点态度题。由最后一段“Itsdeepestflawisaninabilitytolinkthosemomentsofempathyandinsightintoacontinuousdrama,tosuggestthatthecharacters’liveskeepgoingwhentheyarenotonscreen.（它最大的缺陷是无法将这些同理心和洞察力与持续不断的剧情联系起来，无法暗示出角色不在屏幕上时，他们的生活仍在继续。）”可知作者指出本书有成功的一面也有一些缺陷。A选项“消极的”、B选项“积极的”、D选项“同情的”都不正确，C选项“中肯的”符合题意，因此C选项正确。

16.单选题

Itwastheworsttragedyinmaritimehistory,sixtimesmoredeadlythantheTitanic.WhentheGermancruiseshipWilhelmGustloffwashitbytorpedoesfiredfromaRussiansubmarineinthefinalwinterofWorldWarII,morethan10,000people—mostlywomen,childrenandoldpeoplefleeingthefinalRedArmypushintoNaziGermany—werepackedaboard.Anicestormhadturnedthedecksintofrozensheetsthatsenthundredsoffamiliesslidingintotheseaastheshiptiltedandbegantogodown.Othersdesperatelytriedtoputlifeboatsdown.Somewhosucceededfoughtoffthoseinthewaterwhohadthestrengthtotrytoclawtheirwayaboard.Mostpeoplefrozeimmediately.“I'llneverforgetthescreams,”saysChristaNtitzmann,87,oneofthe1,200survivors.Sherecallswatchingtheship,brightlylit,slippingintoitsdarkgraveandintoseemingnothingness,rarelymentionedformorethanhalfacentury.

NowGermany’sNobelPrize-winningauthorGunterGrasshasrevivedthememoryofthe9,000dead,includingmorethan4,000childrenwithhislatestnovelCrabWalk,publishedlastmonth.Thebook,whichwillbeoutinEnglishnextyear,doesn’tdwellonthesinking;itsheroineisapregnantyoungwomanwhosurvivesthecatastropheonlytosaylater:“Nobodywantedtohearaboutit,nothereintheWest(ofGermany)andnotatallintheEast.”Thereasonwasobvious.AsGrassputitinarecentinterviewwiththeweeklyDieWoche:“BecausethecrimesweGermansareresponsibleforwereandaresodominant,wedidn’thavetheenergylefttotellofourownsufferings.”

ThelongsilenceaboutthesinkingoftheWilhelmGustloffwasprobablyunavoidableandnecessary.Byunreservedlyowninguptotheircountry’smonstrouscrimesintheSecondWorldWar,Germanshavemanagedtowinacceptanceabroad,marginalizetheneo-Nazisathomeandmakepeacewiththeirneighbors.Today’sunifiedGermanyismoreprosperousandstablethanatanytimeinitslong,troubledhistory.Forthat,ahalfcenturyofWillfulforgettingaboutpainfulmemoriesliketheGermanTitanicwasperhapsareasonablepricetopay.ButeventhemostpoliticallycorrectGermansbelievethattheyhavenowearnedtherighttodiscussthefullhistoricalrecord.NottoequateGermansufferingwiththatofitsvictims,butsimplytoacknowledgeaterribletragedy.

1.WhydoestheauthorsaythesinkingoftheWilhelmGustloffwastheworsttragedyinmaritimehistory?

2.Hundredsoffamiliesdroppedintotheseawhen（

）.

3.TheWilhelmGustlofftragedywaslittletalkedaboutformorethanhalfacenturybecause

Germans（

）.

4.HowdoesGunterGrassrevivethememoryoftheWilhelmGustlofftragedy?

5.ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatGermansnolongerthinkthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.ItwasattackedbyRussiantorpedoes.

B.Itcausedthelargestnumberofcasualties.

C.Mostofitspassengerswerefrozentodeath.

D.Itsvictimsweremostlywomenandchildren.

问题2选项

A.thebadlydamagedshipleanedtowardoneside

B.astrongicestormtiltedtheship

C.thecruiseshipsankallofasudden

D.thefrightenedpassengersfoughtdesperatelyforlifeboats

问题3选项

A.wereeagertowininternationalacceptance

B.hadbeenpressuredtokeepsilentaboutit

C.wereafraidofoffendingtheirneighbors

D.feltguiltyfortheircrimesinWorldWarII

问题4选项

A.Bydescribingtheship’ssinkingingreatdetail.

B.BygivinganinterviewtotheweeklyDieWoche.

C.Bypresentingthehorriblesceneofthetorpedoattack.

D.Bydepictingthesurvivalofayoungpregnantwoman.

问题5选项

A.theWilhelmGustlofftragedyisareasonablepricetopayforthenation’spastmisdeeds

B.GermanyisresponsibleforthehorriblecrimesitcommittedinWorldWarII

C.theywillbemisunderstoodiftheytalkabouttheWilhelmGustlofftragedy

D.itiswrongtoequatetheirsufferingswiththoseofothercountries

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第一段“Itwastheworsttragedyinmaritimehistory,sixtimesmoredeadlythantheTitanic.这是航海史上最严重的悲剧，导致的死亡人数比泰坦尼克号多6倍”。可知选项B“造成的伤亡人数最多”为最佳答案。

2.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第一段第三句“Anicestormhadturnedthedecksintofrozensheetsthatsenthundredsoffamiliesslidingintotheseaastheshiptiltedandbegantogodown.一场冰雹将船的甲板变成冰板，同时导致船倾斜往下沉，数百家庭滑入大海中”，由此可知icestorm冰雹并不是船倾斜的原因，只是加剧更多人落水的推动因素，题干中问的when，是指“当”，可以对应到文中的as后面的内容。故正确答案选A。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到第三段第二句“Byunreservedlyowninguptotheircountry’smonstrouscrimesintheSecondWorldWar,Germanshavemanagedtowinacceptanceabroad,marginalizetheneo-Nazisathomeandmakepeacewiththeirneighbors.通过完全接受承认他们国家在二战中犯下的滔天罪行，德国设法赢得其他国家的认可，在国内边缘化新的纳粹分子，并且与领国和平相处”，由此可知选项D符合文章的意思。其他选项都是细节性的描述。

4.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第二段第二句“…itsheroineisapregnantyoungwomanwhosurvivesthecatastrophe”可知在第二段中君特•格兰斯有关海难的小说作品中，描述了一位年轻的孕妇在海难中生还的过程。故正确答案选D。

5.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章最后一段倒数第二句“ButeventhemostpoliticallycorrectGermansbelievethattheyhavenowearnedtherighttodiscussthefullhistoricalrecord.但即使政治立场最正确的德国人也相信他们现在已经有权利来讨论整个历史事件”，由这句话可知，德国人现在有权利讨论历史上的这次海难事件，而不用担心因为自身在战中的历史而受到非议。所以德国人也不用担心因此被人误解。故正确答案选C。选项B和D是杜撰出来的表达。选项A根据文章最后一段倒数第三句“…ahalfcenturyofwillfulforgettingaboutpainfulmemoriesliketheGermanTitanicwasperhapsareasonablepricetopay.”这里的“price代价”指代句子前面“willfulforgetting有意的遗忘”，故不符合题干的意思。

17.单选题

Thepovertylineistheminimumincomethatpeopleneedforanacceptablestandardofliving.Peoplewithincomesbelowthepovertylineareconsideredpoor.Economistsstudythecausesofpovertyinordertofindsolutionstotheproblem.

Asthegeneralstandardoflivinginthecountryrises,thepovertylinedoes,too.Therefore,evenwithtoday’srelativelyhighstandardofliving,about10percentofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarebelowthepovertyline.However,ifthesepeoplehadstablejobs,theycouldhaveanacceptablestandardofliving.Economistssuggestseveralreasonswhypoorpeopledonothavejobs.

Foronething,morethanhalfofthepoorpeopleintheUnitedStatesarenotqualifiedtowork.Over40percentofthepoorpeoplearechildren.Bylaw,childrenlessthan16yearsoldcannotworkinmanyindustries.Alargenumberofpoorpeopleareold.Manycompaniesdonothirepeopleover65yearsold,thenormalretirementage.

Somepooradultsdonotlookforjobsforavarietyofpersonalreasons:theyaresick,theydonothaveanymotivation,theyhavefamilyproblems,ortheydonotbelievethattheycanfindajob.Otherpoorpeoplelookforajobbutcannotfindone.Manypooradultsneverwenttohighschool.Therefore,whentheylookforjobs,theyhavefewskillsthattheycanoffer.

Atthepresenttime,thegovernmentthinksitcanreducepovertyinthecountryinthefollowingways.

First,ifthenationaleconomygrows,businessesandindustrieshiremoreworkers.Someofthepoorwhoarequalifiedtolookforjobsmayfindemployment.Thentheywilln