考研考博-英语-北京财贸职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京财贸职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Onaverage,Americankidsages3to13spent29hoursaweekinschool,eighthoursmorethantheydidin1981.Theyalsodidmorehouseholdworkandparticipatedinmoreofsuchorganizedactivitiesassoccerandballet.Involvementinsports,inparticular,rosealmost50%from1981to1997:boysnowspendanaverageoffourhoursaweekplayingsports;girlsloghalfthattime.Allinall,however,children'sleisuretimedroppedfrom40%ofthedayin1981to25%.

"Childrenareaffectedbythesametimecrunch(危机)thataffectstheirparents,"saysSandraHofferth,whoheadedtherecentstudyofchildren'stimetable.Achiefreason,shesays,isthatmoremothersareworkingoutsidethehome.(Nevertheless,childreninbothdouble-incomeand"malebreadwinner"householdsspentcomparableamountsoftimeinteractingwiththeirparents,19hoursand22hoursrespectively.Incontrast,childrenspentonly9hourswiththeirsinglemothers.)

Allworkandnoplaycouldmakeforsomeverymessed-upkids."Playisthemostpowerfulwayachildexplorestheworldandlearnsabouthimself,"saysT.BerryBrazelton,professoratHarvardMedicalSchool.Unstructuredplayencouragesindependentthinkingandallowstheyoungtonegotiatetheirrelationshipswiththeirpeers,butkidsages3to12spentonly12hoursaweekengagedinit.

Thechildrensampledspentaquarteroftheirrapidlydecreasing"freetime"watchingtelevision.Butthat,believeitornot,wasoneofthefindingsparentsmightregardasgoodnews.Ifthey'respendinglesstimeinfrontoftheTVset,however,kidsaren'treplacingitwithreading.Despiteeffortstogetkidsmoreinterestedinbooks,thechildrenspentjustoveranhouraweekreading.Let'sfaceit,who'sgotthetime?

1.Bymentioning"thesametimecrunch"(Line1,Para.2)SandraHofferthmeans（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thereasongivenbySandraHofferthforthetimecrunchis（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthorachilddevelopsbetterif（）.

4.TheauthorisconcernedaboutthefactthatAmericankids（）.

5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat（）.

问题1选项

A.childrenhavelittletimetoplaywiththeirparents

B.childrenarenottakengoodcareofbytheirworkingparents

C.bothparentsandchildrensufferfromlackofleisuretime

D.bothparentsandchildrenhavetroublemanagingtheirtime

问题2选项

A.quiteconvincing

B.partiallytrue

C.ratherconfusing

D.totallygroundless

问题3选项

A.hehasplentyoftimereadingandstudying

B.heislefttoplaywithhispeersinhisownway

C.hehasmoretimeparticipatinginschoolactivities

D.heisfreetointeractwithhisworkingparents

问题4选项

A.areengagedinmoreandmorestructuredactivities

B.areincreasinglyneglectedbytheirworkingmothers

C.arespendingmoreandmoretimewatchingTV

D.areinvolvedlessandlessinhouseholdwork

问题5选项

A.extracurricularactivitiespromotechildren'sintelligence

B.mostchildrenwillturntoreadingwithTVsetsswitchedoff

C.effortstogetkidsinterestedinreadinghavebeenfruitful

D.mostparentsbelievereadingtobebeneficialtochildren

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.判断推理题。题干意为:SandraHofferth所说的“thesametimecrunch”是什么意思？根据题干定位至第二段第一句:Childrenareaffectedbythesametimecrunch（危机）thataffectstheirparents(时间危机影响孩子，同样也影响父母)。该句上段主题是：孩子们的休闲时间从40%降到了25%。该句的后文主题是：更多母亲在外工作，即与孩子相处的休闲时间也减少了。因此，两者都面临的时间危机就是C项“父母和孩子都缺乏休闲时间”。

2.判断推理题。题干意为:在作者看来，关于时间危机，SandraHofferth所给的原因…。根据题干关键词SandraHofferth定位至第二段:moremothersareworkingoutsidethehome(更多的母亲在外工作)。后面括号内应该是作者的看法:Nevertheless，childreninbothdouble-incomeand"malebreadwinner"householdsspentcomparableamountsoftimeinteractingwiththeirparents,19hoursand22hoursrespectively.Incontrast,childrenspentonly9hourswiththeirsinglemothers(然而，孩子与父母相处的时间分别是：双亲同时工作的为19小时，父亲一人工作的为22小时，而单身母亲家庭只有9小时)。因此可知，作者不完全支持SandraHofferth的说法。一方面，单身母亲和双亲工作的家庭，与孩子相处的时间少于父亲一人工作的家庭，即，作者大体同意SandraHofferth的说法。另一方面，作者认为需要根据不同家庭结构来分析此问题。因此，作者认为SandraHofferth所给的原因是“部分正确”

3.判断推理题。题干意为:在作者看来，一个孩子在什么情况下会更好地成长？第三段指出了作者认为的玩耍对孩子成长的好处:Unstructuredplayencouragesindependentthinkingandallowstheyoungtonegotiatetheirrelationshipswiththeirpeers...(自由玩耍能鼓励独立思考，让孩子们与他们的同伴协商他们的关系……)。因此B项“如果让他和同伴们自由玩耍”正确。

4.判断推理题。题干意为:作者所关心的事实是美国孩子…。A:参加有组织的活动越来越多。第三段最后一句指出:butkidsages3to12spentonly12hoursaweekengagedinit(但是，3—12岁的孩子一周只花了12小时自由玩耍)。由此可见作者认为孩子自由玩耍的时间越来越少。所以A项所述作者会比较关心。B:上班母亲越来越忽视孩子。第二段谈及母亲上班有影响到孩子的休闲时间，但并不能推测出B项所述，因此排除B项。C:用来看电视的时间越来越多。第四段的确指出:Thechildrensampledspentaquarteroftheirrapidlydecreasing"freetime"watchingtelevision(调查的孩子的休闲时间迅速减少，但是他们花其中四分之一的时间来看电视)，但并不能推测出C项所述，因此排除C项。D:做的家务劳动越来越少。第一段指出:Theyalsodidmorehouseholdwork(做的家务劳动越来越少)，由此可知，D项所述错误。因此本题选A。

5.判断推理题。题干意为:从文章中，我们能推断出什么?A:课外活动促进儿童智力发展。文章并未有所体现。B:如果关掉电视机，多数孩子会去读书。最后一段指出:Ifthey’respendinglesstimeinfrontoftheTVset,however,kidsaren’treplacingitwithreading(然而，如果他们花更少的时间看电视，孩子们不会以阅读来取代看电视)。因此B项错误。C:培养孩子们的读书兴趣的努力已经颇有成效。文章最后指出:Despiteeffortstogetkidsmoreinterestedinbooks,thechildrenspentjustoveranhouraweekreading(尽管人们付出努力来培养孩子的读书兴趣，但孩子们一周仅有一个多小时用来读书)。因此C项错误。本题用排除法，可得出答案为D选项“大多数父母认为阅读对孩子有益”。

2.单选题

TheBritishconstitutionis______alargeextentaproductofthehistoricaleventsdescribedabove.

问题1选项

A.by

B.at

C.which

D.to

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查固定搭配。句意：英国宪法在很大程度上是上述历史事件的产物。D选项toalargeextent“在很大程度上”，A选项byalargeextent和B选项atalargeextent非固定搭配，C选项which引导从句。因此D选项正确。

3.单选题

The（）effectsofthespawereevidentinherrosycheeksandbouncysteps.

问题1选项

A.abortive

B.waggish

C.salubrious

D.portentous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项abortive“失败的；流产的；堕胎的”；B选项waggish“爱开玩笑的；滑稽的”；C选项salubrious“清爽的；有益健康的”；D选项portentous“不祥的；预兆的；令人惊讶的”。句意：水疗有益健康的效果在她红润的脸颊和轻快的步伐上明显地表现了出来。由句意可知C选项正确。

4.单选题

The（）ofthemanwhobeatthegirltodeathwasnotformoneybutforkilling.

问题1选项

A.motive

B.motivation

C.push

D.drive

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项motive“动机；目的（侧重于做坏事的动机）”，B选项motivation“动机；积极性（侧重于干劲，动力一类）”，C选项push“推”，D选项drive“驱动器”，句子中是说男子击打女孩致死的动机，是坏的行为，因此A选项符合题意。句意为：那个把女孩打死的男人的动机不是为了钱，而是为了杀人。

5.单选题

Notuntilshoutedatthetopofmyvoice（）hishead.

问题1选项

A.thatheturned

B.didheturn

C.hedidn’tturn

D.hehadturned

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒装句的用法。Notuntil放在句首时使用部分倒装——主句倒装，从句不倒装。选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

Thepaintingwasavaluablefamilypossession,whichhadbeen（）fromgenerationtogeneration.

问题1选项

A.handedover

B.handedout

C.handeddown

D.handedacross

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项handover“交出，移交”；B选项handout“分发，施舍”；C选项handdown“宣传，流传下去”；D选项handacross无此搭配。句意：这幅画是一件珍贵的家财，一直代代相传。选项C符合语境。

7.单选题

Factorsleadingtothecrisisincludedpoorregulation,mismanagemetanddeceptionintheindustry,andcompetitionfromothertypesoffinancialfirms.

问题1选项

A.pollution

B.cheating

C.abuse

D.unemployment

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。deception“欺骗，欺诈”；A选项pollution“污染”；B选项cheating“行骗，欺诈”；C选项“abuse滥用；虐待；恶习”；D选项unemployment“失业；失业人数”。句意：导致危机的因素包括监管不力、管理不善和行业欺诈，以及来自其他类型金融公司的竞争。deception有“欺诈的”意思，因此B项正确。

8.单选题

Whereassuddengreatdisastersareinstantaneous,others,suchasdroughts,are（

）.

问题1选项

A.cumulative

B.formidable

C.eternal

D.prospective

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。cumulative累积的，渐增的；formidable可怕的，强大的；eternal永恒的，不朽的；prospective预期的，未来的。句意：尽管突发的大灾难是瞬间的，然而其他灾难，比如干旱却是___。由whereas表示对比关系可知此空应选与“instantaneous即刻的，即时的”意思相反的词，故A项“累积的”符合题意，答案A

9.单选题

Theprimeminister’sproposalfornewtaxescreatedsucha(an)（

）thathisgovernmentfell.

问题1选项

A.sensation

B.upheaval

C.withdrawal

D.outbreak

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项sensation“轰动”；B选项upheaval“动乱，剧变”；C选项withdrawal“撤退”；D选项outbreak“爆发”。

句意：首相的新税提案造成了如此大的动荡，以至于他的政府垮台了。根据下文的内容可知，选项B更符合语境。

10.单选题

Ifapersontalksabouthisweakpoints,hislistenerisexpectedtosaysomethinginthewayof（）.

问题1选项

A.persuasion

B.remedy

C.encouragement

D.compromise

【答案】C

【解析】句意:如果一个人谈及自己的缺点，那么他的听众就被期待说一些关于鼓励的话。

考查名词辨析。persuasion说服，劝说;remedy补救，治疗;encouragement鼓励；compromise妥协，和解。由前半句句意可知C符合句意。

11.单选题

Itwasn'tuntilthelate19thcenturythatphysiciansrealizedthatits_______symptomswereallpartofthesamedisease.

问题1选项

A.perfunctory

B.peremptory

C.perplexing

D.perambulatory

【答案】C

【解析】perfunctory敷衍的;peremptory强制的,专横的;perplexing复杂的,令人困惑的;perambulatory巡视的。句意：直到19世纪末,医生们才意识到,这些令人费解的症状都是同一种疾病的一部分。选项C符合句意。

12.单选题

ThereasonHollywoodisanaturalplaceformakingmoviesis（

）thesunshinesthereeveryday.

问题1选项

A.why

B.which

C.that

D.because

【答案】C

【解析】句意:好莱坞作为电影制作自然之地的原因在于那里每天都有太阳照射。

语法题。考查从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知空格引导表语从句,而且该引导词不在表语从句中作任何成分,故C正确。

13.单选题

Theshopmanagersaidthatheintendedto（

）thelessefficientmembersofhisstaff.

问题1选项

A.resign

B.dismiss

C.employ

D.appoint

【答案】B

【解析】句意:商店经理说他打算解雇办事效率不高的员工。选项B符合句意。resign是主动辞职,所以不正确。

14.单选题

Thesebooks,whichyoucangetatanybookstore,willgiveyou（）youneed.

问题1选项

A.alltheinformation

B.alltheinformations

C.allofinformation

D.alloftheinformations

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词复数形式。information是不可数名词，复数形式后面不能加s，所以B、D错误。allof后面接不可数名词时，名词前必须要有定冠词the，所以C错误。因此A选项alltheinformation正确。

15.单选题

SinceTomwas（

）fromtheburdenthathadbeenimposedonhim,hebeganto

concentratemoreonhisowninterest.

问题1选项

A.exiled

B.exempted

C.expected

D.executed

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。exile“放逐，流放”；exempt“免除，豁免”；beexemptedfrom“被免除…”；expect“期望”；execute“实行”。句意：自从曾经加在他身上的担子被移除后，Tom开始更专注于自己的兴趣。由后半句“Tom开始专注于自己的兴趣”可知B项正确，答案B

16.单选题

Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12to$50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.Speroblamesthesofteningeconomy."I'magoodeconomicindicator,"shesays."Iprovideaservicethatpeoplecandowithoutwhenthey'reconcernedaboutsavingsomedollars."SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus."Idon'tknowifotherclientsaregoingtoabandonme,too"shesays.

EvenbeforeAlanGreenspan'sadmissionthatAmerica'sred-hoteconomyiscooling,lotsofworkingfolkshadalreadyseensignsoftheslowdownthemselves.FromcardealershipstoGapoutlets,saleshavebeenlaggingformonthsasshopperstempertheirspending.Forretailers,wholastyeartookin24percentoftheirrevenuebetweenThanksgivingandChristmas,thecautiousapproachiscoiningatacrucialtime.Already,expertssay.holidaysalesareoff7percentfromlastyear'space.Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospect,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.

Consumerssaythey'renotindespairbecause,despitethedreadfulheadlines,theirownfortunesstillfeelprettygood.Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,"there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses.”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets."Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree."saysJohnDeadly,aBayAreareal-estatebroker.Andmostfolksstillfeelprettycomfortableabouttheirabilitytofindandkeepajob.

Manyfolksseesilverliningstothisslowdown.Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.Forthat,Greenspan&Co.maystillbeworthtoasting.

1.By“EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet’’(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthormeans（）.

2.Howdothepublicfeelaboutthecurrenteconomicsituation?

3.Whenmentioning“the$4millionto$10millionrange’’(Lines3,Paragraph3)theauthoristalkingabout（）.

4.Whycanmanypeoplesee‘‘silverlinings”totheeconomicslowdown?

5.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

问题1选项

A.Sperocanhardlymaintainherbusiness.

B.Speroistoomuchengagedinherwork.

C.Sperohasgrownoutofherbadhabit.

D.Speroisnotinadesperatesituation.

问题2选项

A.Optimistic

B.Confused

C.Carefree

D.Panicked.

问题3选项

A.goldmarket.

B.realestate.

C.stockexchange

D.ventureinvestment.

问题4选项

A.Theywouldbenefitincertainways.

B.Thestockmarketshowssignsofrecovery.

C.Suchaslowdownusuallyprecedesaboom

D.Thepurchasingpowerwouldbeenhanced.

问题5选项

A.Anewboom,onthehorizon.

B.Tightenthebelt，thesingleremedy.

C.Cautionallright,panicnot

D.Themoreventures,themorechances.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12toS50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus.这位47岁的美甲师也没有像她想的那样修剪、填充或抛光那么多的指甲。她的大多数客户每周花费12至50美元，但上个月，两位老客户突然不再光顾。因此，斯珀罗开始缩减开支，在迪拉德位于克利夫兰郊区的家附近的中档百货商店购物，而不是去内曼•马库斯(NeimanMarcus)。由此段内容可知虽然Ellen的生意没以前好了，但Ellen的生活状况并没有陷入绝望的境地。故D项正确。

2.细节事实题。由第二段Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospect,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.但是现在还没有发出警报。消费者似乎只是担心，并没有惊慌失措，许多人说，他们对经济的长期前景仍持乐观态度，尽管他们采取了一些适度的紧缩措施。可知消费者对经济形势保持乐观态度，故A项正确。

3.判断推理题。由第三段Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,"there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses.”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets."Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree."在大多数地区，房价保持稳定。在曼哈顿，“新的淘金热在400万到1000万美元之间发生，主要是由华尔街的奖金推动的。”经纪人芭芭拉•科克伦说。在旧金山，房价仍在上涨，尽管疯狂的高出价已经平息。现在，你可能只会收到两三个offer，而不是20到30个。可知400万到1000万美元是指房价，整段都是围绕房价问题展开的，故B项正确。

4.判断推理题。由最后一段“Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.潜在的购房者会为更低的利率而欢呼。雇主们不会介意就业市场少一点泡沫。许多消费者似乎受到了股市波动的影响，投资者现在认为股市波动是持续繁荣的必要因素。用餐者可能也看到了好处。要在曼哈顿炙手可热的新阿兰杜卡斯(AlainDucasse)餐厅订到位子是不可能的，现在不是这样了。可知经济衰退也能带来一些好处。故A项正确。

5.推理判断题。本文开篇用事例引出经济滑坡的话题，随后表明人们对经济下滑仍然保持乐观态度，最后指出，人们可从中可以得到不少好处。C项的“适度谨慎是必要的，无需惊慌”与本文相符，故C项正确。

17.单选题

Theappearanceoftheusedcaris（）,it’smuchnewerthanitreallyis.

问题1选项

A.descriptive

B.indicative

C.deceptive

D.impressive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项descriptive“描述的，叙述的”；B选项indicative“指示的，预示的”；C选项deceptive“欺骗性的”；D选项impressive“令人印象深刻的”，句意：这辆旧车的外观具有迷惑性，轿车比实际的样子新得多，所以选C。

18.单选题

（）hewasintheUnitedStatesasstudentstudyingcomputerscience,butinrealityhewasspyingonSiliconValleyfirmsforGunDapSystems,hisemployer.

问题1选项

A.Disingenuously

B.Discretely

C.Officiously

D.Ostensibly

【答案】D

【解析】副词词义辨析。disingenuously“不诚实地”；discretely“离散地”；officiously“过分殷勤地，非官方地”；ostensibly“表面上，外表”。句意：表面上他在美国学习计算机科学，但实际上，他是在为他的雇主GunDapSystems监视硅谷的公司。选项D符合题意。

19.单选题

Itwasclearthatthesmallgrocerwas（

）peopleheowedmoneyto.

问题1选项

A.attheexpenseof

B.attheriskof

C.inthewayof

D.atthemercyof

【答案】D

【解析】词组辨析。attheexpenseof“以……为代价”；attheriskof“冒着……的危险”；inthewayof“妨碍，关于……的方面”；atthemercyof“受……支配”。句意：很明显，这个小杂货商受他债主的支配。因此选项D符合题意。

20.单选题

Here______youwanttosee.

问题1选项

A.comesthegirl

B.comedoesthegirl

C.thegirlcomes

D.comingthegirlis

【答案】A

【解析】考查倒装句。句意：你想见的女孩来了。here位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式，倒装句中的谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态，所以A选项comesthegirl符合题意。因此A选项正确。

21.单选题

Ofallthecomponentsofagoodnight'ssleep,dreamsseemtobeleastwithinourcontrol.Indreams,awindowopensintoaworldwherelogicissuspendedanddeadpeoplespeak.Acenturyago,Freudformulatedhisrevolutionarytheorythatdreamswerethedisguisedshadowsofourunconsciousdesiresandfears;bythelate1970s,neurologistshadswitchedtothinkingofthemasjust“mentalnoise”--therandombyproductsoftheneural-repairworkthatgoesonduringsleep.Nowresearcherssuspectthatdreamsarepartofthemind'semotionalthermostat,regulatingmoodswhilethebrainis“off-line”.Andoneleadingauthoritysaysthattheseintenselypowerfulmentaleventscanbenotonlyharnessedbutactuallybroughtunderconsciouscontrol,tohelpussleepandfeelbetter.“It'syourdream,”saysRosalindCartwright,chairofpsychologyatChicago'sMedicalCenter.“Ifyoudon'tlikeit,changeit.”

Evidencefrombrain,imagingsupportsthisview.ThebrainisasactiveduringREM（rapideyemovement）sleep--whenmostvividdreamsoccur—asitiswhenfullyawake,saysDr.EricNofzingerattheUniversityofPittsburgh.Butnotallpartsofthebrainareequallyinvolved;thelimbicsystem（the“emotionalbrain”）isespeciallyactive,whiletheprefrontalcortex（thecenterofintellectandreasoning）isrelativelyquiet.“Wewakeupfromdreamshappyordepressed,andthosefeelingscanstaywithusallday，”saysStanfordsleepresearcherDr.WilliamDement.

ThelinkbetweendreamsandemotionsshowsupamongthepatientsinCartwright’sclinic.Mostpeopleseemtohavemorebaddreamsearlyinthenight,progressingtowardhappieronesbeforeawakening,suggestingthattheyareworkingthroughnegativefeelingsgeneratedduringtheday.Becauseourconsciousmindisoccupiedwithdailylife,wedon’talwaysthinkabouttheemotionalsignificanceoftheday’seventsuntil,itappears,webegintodream.Andthisprocessneednotbelefttotheunconscious.Cartwrightbelievesonecanexerciseconsciouscontroloverrecurringbaddreams.Assoonasyouawaken,identifywhatisupsettingaboutthedream.Visualizehowyouwouldlikeittoendinstead;thenexttimeitoccurs,trytowakeupjustenoughtocontrolitscourse.Withmuchpracticepeoplecanlearnto,literally,doitintheirsleep.

Attheendoftheday,there'sprobablylittlereasontopayattentiontoourdreamsatallunlesstheykeepusfromsleepingor“wewakeupinapanic,”Cartwrightsays.Terrorism,economicuncertaintiesandgeneralfeelingsofinsecurityhaveincreasedpeople'sanxiety.Thosesufferingfrompersistentnightmaresshouldseekhelpfromatherapist.Fortherestofus,thebrainhasitswaysofworkingthroughbadfeelings.Sleep—orratherdream—onitandyou'llfeelbetterinthemorning.

1.Researchershavecometobelievethatdreams（）.

2.Byreferringtothelimbicsystem,theauthorintendstoshow（）.

3.Thenegativefeelingsgeneratedduringthedaytendto（）.

4.Cartwrightseemstosuggestthat（）.

5.WhatadvicemightCartwrightgivetothosewhosometimeshavebaddreams?

问题1选项

A.canbemodifiedintheircourses

B.aresusceptibletoemotionalchanges

C.reflectourinnermostdesiresandfears

D.arearandomoutcomeofneuralrepairs

问题2选项

A.itsfunctioninourdreams

B.themechanismofREMsleep

C.therelationofdreamstoemotions

D.itsdifferencefromtheprefrontalcortex

问题3选项

A.aggravateinourunconsciousmind

B.developintohappydreams

C.persisttillthetimewefallasleep

D.showupindreamsearlyatnight

问题4选项

A.wakingupintimeisessentialtotheriddingofbaddreams

B.visualizingbaddreamshelpsbringthemundercontrol

C.dreamsshouldbelefttotheirnaturalprogression

D.dreamingmaynotentirelybelongtotheunconscious

问题5选项

A.Leadyourlifeasusual.

B.Seekprofessionalhelp.

C.Exerciseconsciouscontrol.

D.Avoidanxietyinthedaytime

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由第一段"Andoneleadingauthoritysaysthattheseintenselypowerfulmentaleventscanbenotonlyharnessedbutactuallybroughtunderconsciouscontrol,tohelpussleepandfeelbetter."一位权威人士表示，我们不仅可以利用这些强烈的精神活动，还可以有意识地控制它们，帮助我们睡眠，让我们感觉更好。可知梦是可以被人们有意识地控制的。A项正确。

2.细节事实题。thelimbicsystem（the“emotionalbrain”）isespeciallyactive,whiletheprefrontalcortex（thecenterofintellectandreasoning）isrelativelyquiet.“Wewakeupfromdreamshappyordepressed,andthosefeelingscanstaywithusallday，”saysStanfordsleepresearcherDr.WilliamDement.边缘系统（“情绪大脑”）特别活跃，而前额叶皮层（智力和推理的中心）相对安静。斯坦福大学睡眠研究员威廉•德门特博士说:“我们从梦中醒来时可能会感到高兴，也可能会感到沮丧，这些感觉可能会伴随我们一整天。”作者先介绍了这两个大脑区域，然后引用Dr.WilliamDement的话来解释梦与情绪的关系。故C项正确。

3.细节事实题。由第三段Mostpeopleseemtohavemorebaddreamsearlyinthenight,progressingtowardhappieronesbeforeawakening,suggestingthattheyareworkingthroughnegativefeelingsgeneratedduringtheday.大多数人似乎在深夜做了更多的噩梦，然后在醒来之前会逐渐做一些更快乐的梦，这表明他们正在消解白天产生的消极情绪。据此可知白天的消极情绪会转化为深夜的噩梦。D项正确。

4.细节事实题。由第三段"Andthisprocessneednotbelefttotheunconscious.Cartwrightbelievesonecanexerciseconsciouscontroloverrecurringbaddreams."这个过程不需要处于无意识状态的。卡特莱特认为，人们可以有意识地控制反复出现的噩梦。可知梦并不总是属于无意识的，通过一定的训练，人们可以有意识地控制梦。故D项正确。

5.细节事实题。由题干定位到最后一段"Fortherestofus,thebrainhasitswaysofworkingthroughbadfeelings.Sleep—orratherdream—onitandyou'llfeelbetterinthemorning."对于其他的人来说，大脑有自己的方式来处理不好的感觉。睡一觉——或者干脆做个梦——早上醒来你就会感觉好一些。可知Cartwright建议偶尔做噩梦的人顺其自然，因为大脑可以处理不好的感觉。故A项正确。

22.单选题

Sinceyouchangedlaneswithoutsignaling,youareasmuchto（

）fortheaccidentasus.

问题1选项

A.blame

B.accusation

C.condemnation

D.charge

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。blame“责任，过失”；accusation“指责，谴责”；condemnation“谴责，定罪”；charge“控告，控诉”。句意：由于你变道前没开转向灯，你就应该像我们一样对这次事故负责。选项A符合题意。

23.翻译题

Internationalmarketingisnotaluxurytobeconsideredasabonusontopofeverycompanyseekingtosustainitsowneconomicfuture.Itthereforerequirescommitmentandanequalshareoftheallocationofresourcesthatwouldnormallybecommittedtothedomesticmarket.Certainly,itlacksdefinitionandabodyofknowledgesufficienttoexcite,butitisbecausecompaniesdonotrecognizetheimportanceandneedforinternationalmarketingthatthereisthislackofsuitablepositionsforthosestudentsofinternationalmarketing.Notallcountries,however,holdinternationalmarketinginthesamelowesteem.WhilethismaybetrueoftheUnitedKingdomandNorthAmerica,itisnottrueofJapanwhereindustryandcommercehavemaintainedtraditionallystrongtieswithitsuniversitiesCoincidentally,Japanhasbeenforgingaheadininternationalmarketseveninthosecountriesinwhichitisnotatraditionalsupplier.

【答案】国际市场营销不是寻求维持自身经济发展的公司的像一种津贴样的奢侈品。因此，它要求享有与国内市场同样的权利，即一样的投入与资源配置。由于缺少对国际营销学的完整定义，许多企业并不重视国际市场营销的重要性和必要性，这就使得许多国际营销学专业的学生没有合适的工作岗位。然而，并非所有的国家都不重视国际营销学专业。英国和北美洲国家或许不重视，但是日本则完全不同。日本的工商业习惯上都与各类高校保持着紧密的联系。巧合地是，日本的国际市场营销，甚至在它不是传统性供应商的那些国家中，也一直是扶摇直上。

24.单选题

Thecentralthemesaroundwhichwehavewovenournarrativearethoseofmodernizationandrevolution.Theseprocessesofchangecanbeseeninthecrucialnineteenthcentury—(1)thegreatamountofspacedevotedtothat(2)inthistext—andpartlyweretheproductofoutsideinfluences.(3)fromtheoutsettherewasanongoingstrugglebetweenexternalforcesandinternaldifficultiesanddifferences,that(4)theoutcomeofChina’seffortstomodernize.Assuch,theseposedchallengesthatwerefargreaterthanthose(5)byotherstatesthatcamelatetomodernization,especiallyRussiaandJapan,countries(6)whichChina’sattemptsatmodernizationarefrequentlycompared.The(7)inwhichtheChineseemployedtheirpastto(8)thesechallengeshadaseminalinfluenceonthe(9)inwhichtheChinesestructuredtheirrevolutionand,webelieve,continuesto(10)heavilyonthecourseofeventsinChinatoday.

Modernizationisadifficultconcepttodefine.Thisispartly(11)thecomplexityofchangesassociatedwithitaswellasthewidevarietyofwaysinwhichnationshave(12)theexperience.Wedefinemodernizationhereastheprocessbywhichsocietiesmovefromarural,agrarianbaseto(13)industrialstructuresoflivingviathe(14)ofscience,technology,andrationalmodesofthought.Elementscommonly(15)withsuchrestructuringofthesocialorder(16)sustainedeconomicgrowth,specializationoflabor,increasedpubliceducation,broaderdistributionofincome,expandedlifeexpectancy,anincreasedreliance(17)bureaucracy,andmasspoliticalparticipation.Oncesetin(18),modernizationaffectsallpartsofacountry’ssocialstructureaswellasthe(19)ofitscitizens.Whensuchchangestakeplacerapidly,theynaturallyhavearevolutionary(20)onthesocietyundergoingtheexperience.

问题1选项

A.though

B.indeed

C.still

D.hence

问题2选项

A.period

B.session

C.route

D.line

问题3选项

A.When

B.Yet

C.While

D.Since

问题4选项

A.destroyed

B.controlled

C.shaped

D.helped

问题5选项

A.confronted

B.produced

C.welcomed

D.invited

问题6选项

A.along

B.against

C.to

D.with

问题7选项

A.design

B.manner

C.time

D.age

问题8选项

A.restate

B.confine

C.invent

D.overcome

问题9选项

A.ways

B.customs

C.orders

D.parts

问题10选项

A.carry

B.depend

C.weigh

D.put

问题11选项

A.withregardto

B.intermsof

C.dueto

D.thanksto

问题12选项

A.lookedforwardto

B.ledto

C.putupwith

D.gonethrough

问题13选项

A.economic

B.cultural

C.social

D.urban

问题14选项

A.relation

B.application

C.contrast

D.regard

问题15选项

A.dealt

B.associated

C.grouped

D.locked

问题16选项

A.include

B.suggest

C.highlight

D.resemble

问题17选项

A.to

B.on

C.with

D.for

问题18选项

A.motion

B.sight

C.terms

D.time

问题19选项

A.pace

B.obligation

C.consciousness

D.road

问题20选项

A.sense

B.force

C.impact

D.power

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

第6题:D

第7题:B

第8题:D

第9题:A

第10题:A

第11题:C

第12题:D

第13题:D

第14题:B

第15题:B

第16题:A

第17题:B

第18题:A

第19题:A

第20题:C

【解析】1.【选项释义】

A.though尽管B.indeed确实

C.still仍然

D.hence因此

【考查点】句间逻辑。

【解题思路】上一句提到“这些变化过程可以在至关重要的19世纪看到（canbeseeninthecrucialnineteenthcentury）”，其中用到了crucial这个词，说明这一个时期特别重要；空格后面说到“本文在这个方面用了大量的篇幅”，其中用到了greatamountof（大量的）一词；综合理解，我们可以知道，空格前后为因果的逻辑关系，因为19世纪是至关重要的，所以用大量篇幅来描写。因此，该题选择D项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合句间逻辑。

【句意】因此本文用了大量篇幅……

2.【选项释义】

A.period时期B.session会议，学期

C.route路线

D.line线条

【考查点】关键词同义转换。

【解题思路】上一句提到“这些变化过程可以在至关重要的19世纪看到（canbeseeninthecrucialnineteenthcentury）