考研考博-英语-商丘职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-商丘职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thedetectivewatchedandsawthesuspect______ahotelatthecorneroftheStreet.

问题1选项

A.gettingoffthetaxiandwalkinginto

B.gotoffthetaxiandwalkedinto

C.getoffthetaxiandwalkinto

D.gotoffthetaxitowalkinto

【答案】C

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：侦探看着嫌疑犯下了出租车，走进了街角的一家旅馆。本句谓语动词是watchedandsaw，横线处是非谓语动词，在这里指“看见他下出租车和进旅馆”的整个过程。watch/seesb.doingsth.“看见某人正在做（瞬间）”，watch/seesb.dosth.“看见某人做了某事（全过程）”，C选项getoffthetaxiandwalkinto符合题意。因此C选项正确。

2.单选题

Thepooroldmanwas（

）withdiabetesandwithoutpropermedicaltreatmenthewouldlosehiseyesightandbecomecrippledverysoon.

问题1选项

A.suffered

B.afflicted

C.induced

D.infected

【答案】B

【解析】考察动词词义辨析。suffer“遭受”；afflict“折磨”；induce“诱导”；infect“感染”。句意：这为可怜的老人患有糖尿病，如果没有适当的治疗，他就会丧失视力，很快就会残废。选项B符合题意。

3.单选题

TheBenefitsofNewUrbanism

(1)Newurbanismisthemostimportantplanningmovementinthiscentury,andisaboutcreatingabetterfutureforusall.Itisaninternationalmovementtoreformthedesignofthebuiltenvironment,andisaboutraisingourqualityoflifeandstandardoflivingbycreatingbetterplacestolivein.Newurbanismistherevivalofourlostartofplace-making,andisessentiallyare-orderingofthebuiltenvironmentintotheformofcompletecities,towns,villages,andneighborhoods—thewaycommunitieshavebeenbuiltforcenturiesaroundtheworld.Newurbanisminvolvesfixingandinfillingcities,aswellasthecreationofcompactnewtownsandvillages.Thebenefitsofnewurbanismareasfollows:

BenefitstoResidents

(2)Higherqualityoflife;betterplacesinwhichtolive,work,andplay;morestablepropertyvalues;lesstrafficcongestionandlessdriving;healthierlifestylewithmorewalkingandlessstress;closeproximitytomainstreetretailandservices;closeproximitytobiketrail,parks,andnature;pedestrianfriendlycommunitiesoffermoreopportunitiestogettoknowothersintheneighborhoodandtown,resultinginmeaningfulrelationshipswithmorepeople,andfriendliertown;morefreedomandindependencetochildren,theelderly,andthepoorinbeingabletogettojobsrecreation,andserviceswithouttheneedforacarorsomeonetodrivethem;greatsavingstoresidentsandschoolboardsinreducedbusingcostsfromchildrenbeingabletowalkorbicycletoneighborhoodschools;morediversityandsmaller,uniqueshopsandserviceswithlocalownerswhoareinvolvedincommunity;bigsavingsbydrivingless,andowninglesscars;lessugly,congestedsprawltodealwithdaily;bettersenseofplaceandcommunityidentitywithmoreuniquearchitecture;moreopenspacetoenjoythatwillremainopenspace;moreefficientuseoftaxmoneywithlessspentonutilitiesandroadsusedforthesprawl.

BenefitstoBusinesses

(3)Increasedsalesduetomorefoottrafficandpeoplespendinglessoncarsandgas;moreprofitsduetospendinglessonadvertisingandlargesigns;betterlifestylebylivingnearworkunitssavesthestressfulandcostlycommute;economiesofscaleinmarketingduetocloseproximityandcooperationwithotherlocalbusinessincubation;lowerrentsduetosmallerspacesandsmallerparkinglots;healthierlifestyleduetomorewalkingandbeingnearhealthierrestaurants;morecommunityinvolvementfrombeingpartofcommunityandknowingresidents.

(4)BenefitstoDevelopers.Moreincomepotentialfromhigherdensitymixed-useprojectsduetomoreleasablesquarefootage,moresalespersquarefoot,andhigherpropertyvaluesandsellingprices;fasterapprovalsincommunitiesthathaveadoptedsmartgrowthprinciplesresultingincost/timesayings:costsavingsinparkingfacilitiesinmixed-usepropertiesduetosharingofspacesthroughoutthedayandnight,resultinginlessduplicationinprovidingparking;lessneedforparkingfacilitiesduetomixofresidencesandcommercialuseswithinwalkingdistanceofeachother;lessimpactonroads/traffic,whichcanresultinlowerimpactfees;lowercostofutilitiesduetocompactnatureofnewurbanistdesign;fasterselloutduetogreateracceptancebyconsumersfromawiderproductrangeresultinginwidermarketshare.

BenefitstoMunicipalities

(5)Stable,appreciatingtaxbase;lessspentpercapitaoninfrastructureandutilitiesthantypicalsuburbandevelopmentduetocompacthigh-densitynatureofprojects;increasedtaxbaseduetomorebuildingspackedintoatighterarea;lesstrafficcongestionduetowalkabilityofdesign;lesscrimeandlessmoneyspentonpoliceduetothepresenceofmorepeopledayandnight;betteroverallcommunityimageandsenseofplace;lessincentivetosprawlwhenurbancoreareaisdesirable;easytoinstalltransitwhereit’snot,andimproveitwhereitis;greatercivicinvolvementofpopulationleadingtobettergovernance.

(6)Themosteffectivewaytoimplementnewurbanismittoplanforit,andwriteitintozoninganddevelopmentcodes.Thisdirectsallfuturedevelopmentintothisform.

(7)Increasingly,regionalplanningtechniquesarebeingusedtocontrolandshapegrowthintocompact,high-density,mixed-useneighborhoods,villages,towns,andcities.Planningnewtrainsystems(insteadofmoreroads)deliversthebestresultswhendesignedinharmonywithregionallandplanningknownasTransitOrientedDevelopment(TOD).Atthesametime,therevitalizationofurbanareasdirectsandencouragesinfilldevelopmentbackintocitycenters.

(8)Planningforcompactgrowth,ratherthanlettingitsprawlout,hasthepotentialtogreatlyincreasethequalityoftheenvironment.Italsopreventscongestionproblemsandtheenvironmentaldegradationnormallyassociatedwithgrowth.

(9)Therearesomeobstaclesinimplementationofnewurbanism.Themostimportantobstacletoovercomeistherestrictiveandincorrectzoningcodescurrentlyinforceinmostmunicipalities.Currentcodesdonotallownewurbanismtobebuilt,butdoallowsprawl.

(10)AnequallyimportantobstacleisthecontinuousroadbuildingandexpansiontakingplaceineverycommunityacrossAmerica.Thisencouragesmoredrivingandmoresprawlwhichhasadominoeffectonincreasingtrafficcongestionacrosstheregion.Haltingroadprojectsandbuildingnewtrainsystemcanhelpreversethisproblematictrend.

1.Apedestrianstreetisastreet（）.

2.Accordingtothepassagenewurbanismemphasizes（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingcanBESTsummarizethebenefitsofnewurbanismtoresidents?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

5.Topreservetheenvironment,newurbanismlaysstresson（）.

问题1选项

A.suitableforbicycling

B.suitableforwalking

C.designedforpedals

D.designedforscooters

问题2选项

A.theexpansionofurbanareas

B.theartisticdecorationofnewly-builtbuildings

C.theimprovementofthebuiltenvironment

D.theenvironmentalpreservation

问题3选项

A.Compactnessincivicstructure,conveniencesandeconomiesinlife.

B.Betterrelationshipswithmorepeopleandafriendliertown.

C.Easyshoppingandmoreservicesthatreducebusingcosts.

D.Walkability,healthierlifestyleandmorefreedom.

问题4选项

A.Newurbanismlikestodesignmoreroadsinordertofacilitatethetraffic.

B.Newurbanismfavorsthetransportationwithnewrailwaysystems.

C.Newurbanistplannersopposetopedestrianfriendlydesign.

D.Newurbanistplannersdonotsupporttheinfilldevelopment.

问题5选项

A.thereductionoffactories

B.thesprawlofthecity

C.thelesseningoftrafficjams

D.thecompactgrowthoftheurbanarea

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.客观细节题。由题干关键词“pedestrian”可以定位到文章第二段pedestrianfriendlycommunitiesoffermoreopportunitiestogettoknowothersintheneighborhoodandtown（行人友好型社区提供了更多的机会去认识邻里和城镇中的其他人），说明pedestrianstreet是对行人友好的社区。因此B选项“适合行走”正确。A选项“适合骑自行车”，C选项“为脚踏车设计”和D选项“为小型摩托车设计”都不是指步行，所以A，C，D错误。

2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第二句Itisaninternationalmovementtoreformthedesignofthebuiltenvironment,andisaboutraisingourqualityoflifeandstandardoflivingbycreatingbetterplacestolivein.（它是一场改革建筑环境设计的国际运动，是通过创造更好的居住场所来提高我们的生活质量和生活水平。），说明新城市主义强调对居住环境的改善。因此C选项“改善建筑环境”正确。A选项“城市地区的扩张”，B选项“新建筑的艺术装饰”和D选项“环境保护”在文中均没有提及，所以A，B，D错误。

3.主旨大意题。根据题干关键词“residents”可以定位到文章第二段，healthierlifestylewithmorewalkingandlessstress（更健康的生活方式，更多的步行和更少的压力）说明新城市主义对居民健康生活方式的好处；pedestrianfriendlycommunitiesoffermoreopportunitiestogettoknowothersintheneighborhoodandtown（行人友好型社区提供了更多的机会去认识邻里和城镇中的其他人）说明了新城市主义注重人的步行友好性；morefreedomandindependencetochildren,theelderly,andthepoorinbeingabletogettojobsrecreation,andserviceswithouttheneedforacarorsomeonetodrivethem（让孩子、老人和穷人有更多的自由和独立，他们有能力去工作、娱乐和服务，而不需要搭乘汽车或别人给他们开车）说明了新城市主义为居民带来了更多的自由。因此D选项“适合步行，更健康的生活方式和更多的自由。”最能概括新城市主义为居民带来的好处。A选项“城市结构的紧凑，生活的便利和经济”中城市结构的紧凑是对城市的好处，所以A错误。B选项“更好的人际关系和更友好的城市”，C选项“方便的购物和更多的服务，减少巴士费用”都只是对居民带来好处的一部分，不能完整概括新城市主义为居民带来的好处，所以B，C错误。

4.客观细节题。由B选项关键词“railwaysystems”可以定位到文章第七段第二句Planningnewtrainsystems(insteadofmoreroads)deliversthebestresultswhendesignedinharmonywithregionallandplanningknownasTransitOrientedDevelopment.（规划新的铁路系统——而不是更多的道路——如果设计与区域土地规划相协调，就会产生最好的效果。），说明新城市主义注重于新的铁路系统规划。因此B选项“新城市主义用新的铁路系统促进交通。”正确。由A选项关键词“moreroads”可以定位到文章第七段第二句Planningnewtrainsystems(insteadofmoreroads)deliversthebestresults（规划新的铁路系统——而不是修建更多的公路能带来最好的结果），说明新城市主义不主张修建更多的公路。因此A选项“新城市主义喜欢设计更多的道路，以方便交通。”不符合原文。由C选项关键词“pedestrian”可以定位到文章第二段pedestrianfriendlycommunitiesoffermoreopportunitiestogettoknowothersintheneighborhoodandtown（行人友好型社区提供了更多的机会去认识邻里和城镇中的其他人），说明新城市主义者注重行人友好性。因此C选项“新城市主义规划师反对行人友好的设计。”不符合原文。由D选项关键词“infilldevelopment”可以定位到第七段最后一句Atthesametime,therevitalizationofurbanareasdirectsandencouragesinfilldevelopmentbackintocitycenters.（与此同时，城市地区的振兴引导和鼓励对城市中心的填充式开发。），说明新城市主义者是支持“infilldevelopment”的。因此D选项“新城市主义规划师不支持填充开发。”不符合原文。

5.客观细节题。由题干关键词“environment”可以定位到第八段第一句Planningforcompactgrowth,ratherthanlettingitsprawlout,hasthepotentialtogreatlyincreasethequalityoftheenvironment.（紧凑发展的规划，而不是让它向外扩张，有可能极大地提高环境质量。），说明为了保护环境，新城市主义强调的是紧凑发展的规划。因此D选项“城市区域的紧凑发展”正确。A选项“工厂的减少”，B选项“城市的扩张”和C选项“交通堵塞的减轻”都和保护环境无关，所以A，B，C错误。

4.单选题

AdamSmith,writinginthe1770s,wasthefirstpersontoseetheimportanceofthedivisionoflaborandtoexplainpartofitsadvantages.HegivesasanexampletheprocessbywhichpinsweremadeinEngland.

“Onemandrawsoutthewire;anotherstrengthensit;athirdcutsit;afourthpointsit;afifthgrindsitatthetoptoprepareittoreceivethehead.Tomaketheheadrequirestwoorthreeoperations.Toputitonisaseparateoperation,topolishthepinsisanother.Andtheimportantbusinessofmakingpinsis,inthismanner,dividedintoabouteighteenoperations,whichinsomefactoriesareallperformedbydifferentpeople,thoughinothersthesamemanwillsometimesperformtwoorthreeofthem.”

Tenmen,Smithsaid,inthisway,turnedouttwelvepoundsofpinsadayorabout4,800pinsperworker.Butifallofthemhadworkedseparatelyandindependentlywithoutdivisionoflabor,noneofthemcouldhavemadetwentypinsinadayandperhapsnotevenone.

Therecanbenodoubtthatdivisionoflaborisanefficientwayoforganizingwork.Fewerpeoplecanmakemorepins.AdamSmithsawthisbuthealsotookitforgrantedthatdivisionoflaborisinitselfresponsibleforeconomicgrowthanddevelopmentandthatitaccountsforthedifferencebetweenexpandingeconomiesandthosethatstandstill.Butdivisionoflaboraddsnothingnew;itonlyenablespeopletoproducemoreofwhattheyalreadyhave.

1.Accordingtothepassage,AdamSmithwasthefirstpersonto（）.

2.AdamSmithsawthatthedivisionoflabor（）.

3.AdamSmithmentionedthenumber4,800inorderto（）.

4.Accordingtothewriter,AdamSmith’smistakewasinbelievingthatdivisionoflabor（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcouldserveasanappropriatetitleforthepassage?

问题1选项

A.takeadvantageofthedivisionoflabor

B.introducethedivisionoflaborintoEngland

C.understandtheeffectsofthedivisionoflabor

D.explainthecausesofthedivisionoflabor

问题2选项

A.enabledeachworkertomakepinsmorequicklyandmorecheaply

B.increasedthepossibleoutputperworker

C.increasedthenumberofpeopleemployedinfactories

D.improvedthequalityofpinsproduced

问题3选项

A.showtheadvantagesofthedivisionoflabor

B.showtheadvantagesoftheoldcraftsystem

C.emphasizehowpowerfultheindividualworkerwas

D.emphasizetheimportanceofincreasedproduction

问题4选项

A.wasanefficientwayoforganizingwork

B.wasanimportantdevelopmentinmethodsofproduction

C.certainlyledtoeconomicdevelopment

D.increasedtheproductionofexistinggoods

问题5选项

A.AdamSmith,theEnglishEconomist

B.TheTheoryofDivisionofLabor

C.DivisionofLabor,anEfficientWayofOrganizingWork

D.AdamSmith,theLastDiscovererofDivisionofLabor

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段第一句可知，AdamSmith是第一个认识到劳动分工的重要性并解释其部分优势的人。选项C符合原文。

2.细节推断题。根据最后一段第二句“Fewerpeoplecanmakemorepins.”可知，劳动分工增加了每个工人尽可能多的产量，所以选项B正确。

3.细节推断题。根据第三段的内容可知，如果没有进行分工，没有工人能在一天内完成二十枚别针，甚至连一枚都做不成，而通过分工合作，相当于每个工人生产4800枚别针，作者是想通过这一数字来说明分工的优势。选项A正确。

4.细节推断题。最后一段第三句“AdamSmithsawthisbuthealsotookitforgrantedthatdivisionoflaborisinitselfresponsibleforeconomicgrowthanddevelopment...”但他也理所当然地认为，劳动分工本质上对经济增长和发展负责。选项C符合原文。

5.主旨题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲的是劳动分工，重点不是在于AdamSmith也不是讲述理论，所以选项C最能概括全文。

5.单选题

Thisweektentopdesignerswill（

）theirautumncollectionsatthefashionfair.

问题1选项

A.enhance

B.lubricate

C.hustle

D.unveil

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。enhance提高，增加；lubricate加润滑油，使润滑；hustle推搡，硬挤；unveil揭去…的面罩。句意：这周十位顶级设计师将在时尚展上揭开她们秋季作品的面纱。D项符合句意，答案D

6.单选题

ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwellbutifyou（）,youwillsucceedintheend.

问题1选项

A.hangup

B.hangabout

C.hangon

D.hangonto

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。选项A：hangup“挂断电话，搁置”;选项B：hangabout“徘徊，闲荡”;选项C:hangon“坚持下去，不挂断，握住不放”;选项C：hangonto“依附，继续保留，紧紧抓住”。句意：学好英语并不容易，但如果你坚持下去，你最终会成功的。根据句意可知，选项C更符合题意，正确。

7.单选题

Thequestionofethicsinthelegalprofessionisonethathasplaguedtheindustrysinceitsinception.Thecommonimageofanattorneyisonewhowillresorttoanyunethicaltrickto（1）thelawstofithispurposes.Inthemorespecificindustryofcriminallaw,defenseattorneysareoftencriticizedforadvocating（2）defendantswhoare“obviouslyguilty,”thusbecomingroadblocksonthepathto（3）.Muchtothecontrary,（4）,defenseattorneysprovideavaluableservicethatshouldearnthempraise,notscorn.

Whileitistruethateverylawyerwilldoeverything（5）tointerpretthelawsinthemannermostbeneficialtohisclient,suchacharacterizationis（6）limitedtodefenseattorneys.Theprosecutorwilldothesamething,employingallhislegalknowledgeandknow-howtoestablishtheguiltofthedefendant.（7）,thevaguenatureofthelawishighlighted,anditbecomesavirtualnecessityforeachsidetouseeverytool（8）,ontheassumptionthattheothersidewillalsouseeverytoolathis.Thenetresultemergesasapositive,（9）thetricksoftheopposingattorneycanceloneanotherout,leavingonlythetruth,clearerand（10）manipulation,（11）thejury’sconsideration.

Further,thedefenseattorneyisavitalelementoftheAmericanjudicialsystem,（12）withouthimthedefendantwouldstandnochancewhatsoever.Undertheconstitution,eventhemost“obviousguilty”defendants（13）therighttoafairtrial,involvingsomeoneableandwillingtoadvocateonhisbehalf.Ofcourse,therearebadapplesintheindustrywhoare（14）andcarenothingforactualjustice,and（15）onlyconcernsaretheirwallets.Generallyspeaking,however,without（16）,thesystemwouldcrumbleintoameremachineinwhichdefendantsareassumedguilty,withoutachancetoargueorprove（17）,andmanyinnocentpeople（18）withcrimeswouldbeseverelypunishedfortransgressionsthattheydidn’tcommit.

ItisabasicfactthattheadversarialsystemofjusticeintheUnitedStatesisnecessaryinordertoensure（19）andmostunbiasedpresentationandevaluationofthefactspossible.Withoutdefenseattorneys,thatsystemcannotbecarriedout,and（20）alossofthecivillibertiesthatthenationenjoysandtreasures.Tothatend,allofthosewhomakethatprocessareality,includingdefenseattorneys,deserveoursupportandadmiration,notoursuspicionanddisdain.

问题1选项

A.obey

B.break

C.twist

D.adopt

问题2选项

A.atbehalfof

B.atthebehalfof

C.onbehalfof

D.onthebehalfof

问题3选项

A.civilliberties

B.justice

C.transgression

D.ethics

问题4选项

A.thus

B.furthermore

C.moreover

D.however

问题5选项

A.beyondhispower

B.inpower

C.athispower

D.withinhispower

问题6选项

A.bynomeans

B.byanymeans

C.byallmeans

D.bywhatmeans

问题7选项

A.Inonerespect

B.Inthisrespect

C.Insomerespects

D.Innorespect

问题8选项

A.attheirdisposal

B.attheirdisposals

C.athisdisposal

D.athisdisposals

问题9选项

A.atwhich

B.onwhich

C.inwhich

D.forwhich

问题10选项

A.fullof

B.fullwith

C.devoidof

D.devoidfrom

问题11选项

A.presentingfor

B.presentedfor

C.presentingto

D.presentedto

问题12选项

A.inthat

B.forthat

C.inwhich

D.forwhich

问题13选项

A.willguarantee

B.guarantee

C.willbeguaranteed

D.areguaranteed

问题14选项

A.ethical

B.unethical

C.guilty

D.unbiased

问题15选项

A.what

B.who

C.whose

D.where

问题16选项

A.defenseattorneys

B.prosecutors

C.theconstitution

D.defendants

问题17选项

A.further

B.nevertheless

C.otherwise

D.though

问题18选项

A.arefalselycharged

B.werefalselycharged

C.beingfalselycharged

D.falselycharged

问题19选项

A.afair

B.afairer

C.thefairest

D.thefair

问题20选项

A.willresultin

B.wouldresultin

C.willresultat

D.wouldresultat

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

第6题:A

第7题:B

第8题:A

第9题:C

第10题:C

第11题:B

第12题:A

第13题:D

第14题:B

第15题:C

第16题:A

第17题:C

第18题:D

第19题:C

第20题:B

【解析】（1）动词词义辨析。obey“服从”；break“打破”；twist“扭曲”；adopt“采取”。句意：律师给人的普遍印象是，不惜使用任何不道德违背法律的手段去达到自己的目的。选项C符合题意。

（2）固定搭配。onbehalfof“代表，为了”，为固定搭配。没有A、C、D搭配，可排除。句意：辩护律师经常因为代表“明显有罪”的被告进行辩护而受到批评。选项C符合题意。

（3）逻辑关系。civilliberties“公民自由”；justice“公平，正义”；transgression“海侵，犯罪”；ethics“伦理学”。通过关键词“thusbecomingroadblocks”，可知律师这样的做法在公平正义的道路上成为了一种障碍，所以空格中应该填入正义。选项B符合题意。

（4）逻辑关系。thus“因此”；furthermore“此外，而且”；moreover“而且”；however“然而”。根据空格前的tothecontrary可知，下文提到的内容将与前文相反，构成转折关系，所以用转折连词however，选项D符合题意。

（5）固定搭配。beyondhispower“超出其权力”；inpower“执政，掌权”；没有athispower这种搭配，选项C可排除。withinhispower“在权力范围之内”。句意：然而，事实是每个律师都会尽一切努力在自己的权力范围内以对他的当事人最有利的方式来阐述法律。选项D符合题意。

（6）固定搭配。bynomeans“决不”；byanymeans“无论如何”；byallmeans“尽一切办法”；bywhatmeans“用什么办法”。句意：这样的特征决不仅限于辩护律师，而是符合所有律师。选项A符合题意。

（7）固定搭配。Inonerespect“在某个方面”；Inthisrespect“在这方面”；Insomerespects“在一些方面”；Innorespect“毫不，完全不”。句意：检察官也会这样做，利用自己所知道的法律知识来判定被告有罪。在这个方面，法律的不明确性得到了强调。选项B符合题意。

（8）语法题。根据上文“anditbecomesavirtualnecessityforeachsidetouseeverytool”，可知每一方都必须使用每一种工具。所以是指公诉人和律师两方，应该用复数their。根据固定搭配atone’sdisposal“由……支配”，可知disposal用单数。选项A符合题意。

（9）语法题。根据题意，空格引导的句子为非限制性定语从句，因为inthisresult“在这种结果下”，所以用inwhich引导，在定语从句中作状语。句意：在这种结果下，对方律师的诡计互相抵消，只留下真相。选项C符合题意。

（10）固定搭配。fullof“充满”；devoidof“缺乏”，没有B和D项搭配，可排除。句意：只留下真相，更清晰并且不可操控。选项C符合题意。

（11）固定搭配和语法。presentfor“递交给……”；presentto“赠送，给予”。根据文章thejury’sconsideration，最终结果要求陪审团共同考虑，所以证据要被递交给陪审团考虑，要用动词的-ed分词，选项B符合题意。

（12）逻辑关系。空格前一句提到被告辩护人是美国司法体系最重要的一个部分，空格后提到没有被告辩护人，被告就没有任何机会。所以后一句是前一句的原因解释。inthat后接原因，选项A符合题意。

（13）逻辑关系和语法。根据句意：即使是最明显的被告也被保证有权得到公正的审判。所以应该用被动语态，选项A和B可排除。这里是对宪法保证公平审判的事实，不需要用将来时态。选项D符合题意。

（14）形容词词义辨析。ethical“伦理的，道德的”；unethical“不道德的”；guilty“有罪的，内疚的”；unbiased“公正的”。句意：这个行业里面有些害群之马，这些人没有职业道德，并且不关心实际的公正。选项B符合题意。

（15）语法题。根据文章意思，空格引导的句子应该是一个非限制性定语从句，用来修饰上文提到的那些害群之马，根据名词concerns可知，关系代词应该用whose在定语从句中作定语。句意：那些人的关注点只在他们的钱包上。选项C符合题意。

（16）逻辑关系。根据上下文，可知这里是指没有被告辩护律师，这一体系将崩溃为一个简单的机器，在这个机器里，被告被假定有罪。选项A符合题意。

（17）逻辑关系。further“而且，更远地”；nevertheless“然而，不过”；otherwise“另外，否则”；though“虽然，尽管”。句意：否则，被告将无机会去辩论或证明。选项C符合题意。

（18）语法题。根据空格前的people可知，空格应该作后置定语修饰people，因为无辜的人们是被指控的，所以存在被动关系，用动词的-ed分词作后置定语。选项D符合题意。

（19）语法题。根据空格后mostunbiased用到了最高级，可知and前的空格也相应地要用最高级。选项C符合题意。

（20）语法题。根据文章，“Withoutdefenseattorneys,thatsystemcannotbecarriedout”，可知没有辩护律师，这一制度将无法实施。所以是做出了没有辩护律师的假定，可推断下文空格会用到虚拟语气。woulddo表示对现在的虚拟，句意：将会导致丧失国家享有和珍视的公民自由。又根据固定搭配resultin“导致”，选项B符合题意。

8.单选题

The（）ofcomputertechnologyhasledtomajorchangesinoursocialandfamilylife.

问题1选项

A.fraudulence

B.arrival

C.dawn

D.advent

【答案】D

【解析】名词词义解析。fraudulence“欺诈性”；arrival“到达”；dawn“黎明，开端”；advent“到来，出现”。句意：计算机技术的到来对我们的社会和家庭生活带来了主要的影响。选项D符合题意。

9.单选题

MaryBarton,particularlyinitsearlychapters,isamovingresponsetothesufferingofthe

industrialworkerintheEnglandofthe1840’s.Whatismostimpressiveaboutthebookistheintenseandpainstakingeffortmadebytheauthor,ElizabethGaskell,toconveytheexperienceofeverydaylifeinworking-classhomes.Hermethodispartlydocumentaryinnature:thenovelincludessuchfeaturesasacarefullyannotatedreproductionofdialect,theexactdetailsoffoodpricesinanaccountofateaparty,anitemizeddescriptionofthefurnitureoftheBartons’livingroom,andatranscription(againannotatedoftheballad“TheOldhamWeaver.”Theinterestofthisrecordisconsiderable,eventhoughthemethodhasaslightlydistancingeffect.

Asamemberofthemiddleclass,Gaskellcouldhardlyhelpapproachingworking-classlifeasanoutsideobserverandareporter,andthereaderofthenovelisalwaysconsciousofthisfact.Butthereisgenuineimaginativere-creationinheraccountsofthewalkinGreenHeysFields,ofteaattheBartons’house,andofJohnBartonandhisfriend’sdiscoveryofthestarvingfamilyinthecellarinthechapter“PovertyandDeath.”Indeed,forasimilarlyconvincingre-creationofsuchfamiliesemotionsandresponses(whicharemorecrucialthanthematerialdetailsonwhichthemerereporterisapttoconcentrate),theEnglishnovelhadtowait60yearsfortheearlywritingofD.H.Lawrence.IfGaskellneverquiteconveysthesenseoffullparticipationthatwouldcompletelyauthenticatethisaspectofMaryBarton,shestillbringstothesescenesanintuitiverecognitionoffeelingsthathasitsownsufficientconviction.

Thechapter“OldAlice’sHistory”brilliantlydramatizesthesituationofthatearlygenerationofworkersbroughtfromthevillagesandthecountrysidetotheurbanindustrialcenters.TheaccountofJobLegh,theweaverandnaturalistwhoisdevotedtothestudyofbiology,vividlyembodiesonekindofresponsetoanurbanindustrialenvironment:anaffinityforlivingthingsthathardens,byitsverycontrastwithitsenvironment,intoakindofcrankiness.Theearlychapters-aboutfactoryworkerswalkingoutinspringintoGreenHeysFields;aboutAliceWilson,rememberinginhercellarthetwig-gatheringforbroomsinthenativevillagethatshewillneveragainsee;aboutJobLgh,intentonhisimpaledinsects-capturethecharacteristicresponsesofagenerationtothenewandcrushingexperienceofindustrialism.Theotherearlychapterseloquentlyportraythedevelopmentoftheinstinctivecooperationwitheachotherthatwasalreadybecominganimportanttraditionamongworkers.

1.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardGaskell’suseofthemethodofdocumentaryrecordinMaryBarton?Accordingtothepassage,MaryBartonandtheearlynovelsofD.HLawrencesharewhichofthefollowing?

2.WhichofthefollowingismostcloselyanalogoustoJobLeghinMaryBarton,asthatcharacterisdescribedinthepassage?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromexamplesgiveninthelastparagraphofthepassagethatwhichofthefollowingwaspartof“thenewandcrushingexperienceofindusfrialism”(lines33-34)formany4.membersoftheEnglishworkingclassinthenineteenthcentury?

5.ItcanbeinferredthattheauthorofthepassagebelievesthatMaryBartonmighthavebeenanevenbetternovelifGaskellhad（

）.

6.Whichofthefollowingphrasescouldbestbesubstitutedforthephrase‘"thisaspectofMaryBarton"inline20-21withoutchangingthemeaningofthepassageasawhole?

7.TheauthorofthepassagedescribesMaryBartonaseachofthefollowingEXCEPT

问题1选项

A.Uncriticalenthusiasm

B.Unresolvedambivalence

C.Qualifiedapproval

D.Resignedacceptance

问题2选项

A.Depictionofthefeelingsofworking-classfamilies.

B.Documentaryobjectivityaboutworking-classcircumstances.

C.Richlydetaileddescriptionofworking-classadjustmenttourbanlife.

D.Imaginativelystructuredplotsaboutworking-classcharacters.

问题3选项

A.Anentomologistwhocollectedbutterfliesasachild

B.Asmall-townattorneywhosehobbyisnaturephotography.

C.Ayoungmanwholeavershisfamily’sdairyfarmtostarthisownbusiness.

D.Acitydwellerwhoraisesexoticplantsontheroofofhisapartmentbuilding.

问题4选项

A.Extortionatefoodprices

B.Geographicaldisplacement

C.Hazardousworkingconditions

D.Alienationfromfellowworkers

问题5选项

A.concentratedontheemotionsofasinglecharacter

B.madenoattempttore-createexperiencesofwhichshehadnofirsthandknowledge.

C.madenoattempttoreproduceworking-classdialects.

D.managedtotranscendherpositionasanoutsider.

问题6选项

A.theportrayaloftheparticularfeelingsandresponsesofworking-classcharacters

B.theinfluenceofMaryBartononLawrence’searlywork

C.theplaceofMatyBartoninthedevelopmentoftheEnglishnovel

D.theextentofthepovertyandphysicalsufferingamongEngland’sindustrialworkersinthel840’s

问题7选项

A.insightful

B.lyrical

C.vivid

D.poignant

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

第6题:A

第7题:B

【解析】1.在文章第一段结尾themethodhasaslightlydistancingeffect:这种方法略有轻微的距离效应。由此可知，作者对Gaskell的写作方式持轻微的批判态度，认为这种方式会拉远读者与书中人物的距离。所以C选项‘有条件的同意’正确。A选项‘不加批判的热情’、B选项‘未解决的矛盾心理’和C选项‘’和D选项‘顺从接受’排除。

2.根据文章第一段：...asimilarconvincingre-creationoffamilies'emotionandresponse,theEnglishnovel...writingofD.H.Lawrence.在创作家庭情感这情节上，有着令人信服的相似之处。由此可知，在描写家庭情感上，Gaskell和Lawrence有相似之处。所以A选项‘描写工人家庭的情感‘符合题意。

3.文章第二段，作者以JobLegh为例，讲述对自然充满热爱的乡下人离开乡村后，对城市工业环境的适应。所以C选项‘一位年轻人离开家里的乳牛场，开始自己的事业‘符合题意。

4.最后一段，作者以affinityforlivingthings（对万物生灵的亲近感），walkingoutinspringintofield（春天漫步在田野间），twig-gathering（收集树枝）等例子讲述地理位置的置换，使乡村人进城后仍对大自然念念不忘。所以B选项‘地理置换’正确。

5.根据文章第一段：Asamemberofthemiddleclass,Gaskellcouldhardlyhelpapproachingworking-classlifeasanoutsideobserverandareporter：作为中产阶级的一员，盖斯凯尔不可能走入工人阶级的生活中，她只能是一个局外观察者和一名记者。由此推断D选项‘设法摆脱其局外人的立场’正确。

6.题目句子在文章中之前的句子：suchfami