考研考博-英语-安徽三联学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽三联学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Amongallthechangesresultingfromthe______entryofwomenintotheworkforce,thetransformationthathasoccurredinthewomenthemselvesisnottheleastimportant.

问题1选项

A.massive

B.quantitative

C.surplus

D.formidable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项massive“大量的”，B项quantitative“定量的，数量的”，C项surplus“剩余的”，D项formidable“可怕的，令人敬畏的”。根据句子可知，空格处填入一个形容词修饰women，结合关键词workforce“劳动力”可知，空格处填入A项符合句意。句意：在妇女大量进入劳动大军所引起的所有变化中，妇女本身发生的转变并非最不重要。因此，该题选择A项正确。

2.单选题

Thedoctorwasina（）astowhethertotellthepatientthetruthoralie.

问题1选项

A.prudence

B.dilemma

C.secrecy

D.psychology

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析题。prudence谨慎；dilemma困境，进退两难；secrecy保密；psychology心理学。句意：医生陷入进退两难的困境，不知该告诉病人真相还是谎言。选项B符合句意。

3.单选题

Withoutcarefulinvestigation,neverdrawaconclusionsinceweneedtohavefactualknowledge______ourthinking.

问题1选项

A.whichtobebasedon

B.whichtobaseupon

C.uponwhichtobase

D.towhichtobebased

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语。句意：没有经过仔细调查，永远不会得出一个结论，因为我们需要事实性知识作为我们思考的基础。横线到句尾是修饰knowledge的定语，根据在事实性知识的基础上确定用uponknowledge，根据以事实性知识为基础是为了形成thinking，确定用不定式，C选项uponwhichtobase正确。A选项whichtobebasedon和D选项towhichtobebased不用被动语态，B选项whichtobaseupon缺少upon，符合题意。因此C选项正确。

4.单选题

Theyaretryingto（

）thewastedischargedbythefactoryforprofit.

问题1选项

A.expose

B.exhaust

C.exhibit

D.exploit

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他们尝试着通过利用工厂排出的废物來创造利润。

考查动词辨析。expose揭发，揭露;exhaust用完，花光，使筋疲力尽；exhibit展览，显示；exploit运用。故D符合句意。

5.单选题

SusanTellertraveledandlecturedthroughoutthecountryto___educationandprofessionalskillssothatwomencouldenterthepublicworld.

问题1选项

A.advocate

B.acquire

C.proclaim

D.prosecute

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项advocate“提倡，拥护；为……辩护”；B选项acquire“获得；取得；学到；捕获”；C选项proclaim“宣告，公布；声明；表明；赞扬”；D选项prosecute“检举；贯彻；从事；依法进行；起诉；告发；做检察官”。句意：苏珊•泰勒在全国各地旅行和演讲，宣扬教育和专业技能，使妇女能够进入公共世界。根据句意，C选项正确。

6.问答题

Inmyview,suchamechanicalpredictionmissesthemark.Foronething,countriessometimesreacttotheriseofasinglepowerby"bandwagoning",muchasMussolinididwhenhedecidedtoallywithHitler.Proximitytoandperceptionsofthreatalsoaffectthewayinwhichcountriesreact.TheUnitedStatesbenefitsfromitsgeographicalseparationfromEuropeandAsiainthatitoftenappearsasalessproximatethreatthanneighboringcountriesinsidethoseregions.Indeed,in1945,theUnitesStateswasbyfarthestrongestnationonearth,andamechanicalapplicationofbalancingtheorywouldhavepredictedanallianceagainstit.Instead,EuropeandJapanalliedwiththeAmericansbecausetheSovietUnion,whileweakerinoverallpower,posedagreatermilitarythreatbecauseofitsgeographicalproximityanditslingeringrevolutionaryambitions.Today,IraqandIranbothdisliketheUnitedStatesandmightbeexpectedtoworktogethertobalanceAmericanpowerinthePersianGulf,buttheyworryevenmoreabouteachother.Nationalismcanalsocomplicatepredictions.Forexample,ifNorthKoreaandSouthKoreaarereunited,theyshouldhaveastrongincentivetomaintainanalliancewithadistantpowersuchastheUnitedStatesinordertobalancetheirtwogiantneighbors,ChinaandJapan.ButintensenationalismresultinginoppositiontoanAmericanpresencecouldchangethisifAmericandiplomacyisheavy-headed.Non-stateactorscanalsohaveaneffect,aswitnessedbythewaycooperationagainstterroristschangedsomestates'behaviorafterSeptember2001.

Agoodcasecanbemadethatinequalityofpowercanbeasourceofpeaceandstability.Nomatterhowpowerismeasured,sometheoristsargue,anequaldistributionofpoweramongmajorstateshasbeenrelativelyrareinhistory,andeffortstomaintainabalancehaveoftenledtowar.Ontheotherhand,inequalityofpowerhasoftenledtopeaceandstabilitybecausetherewaslittlepointindeclaringwaronadominantstate.ThepoliticalscientistRobertGilpinhasarguedthat"PaxBritannicaandPaxAmericana,likethePaxRonuina,ensuredaninternationalsystemofrelativepeaceandsecurity."AndtheeconomistCharlesKindlebergerclaimedthat"fortheworldeconomytobestabilized,therehastobeastabilizer,onestabilizer."Globalgovernancerequiresalargestatetotakethelead.Buthowmuchandwhatkindofinequalityofpowerisnecessary-ortolerable-andforhowlong?Iftheleadingcountrydefinesitsinterestsnarrowlyandusesitsweightarrogantly,itincreasestheincentivesforotherstocoordinatetoescapeitshegemony.

SomecountrieschafeundertheweightofAmericanpowermorethanothers.HegemonyissometimesusedasatermofopprobriumbypoliticalleadersincountriessuchasRussia.ThetermisusedlessoftenorlessnegativelyincountrieswhereAmericansoftpowerisstrong.Ifhegemonymeansbeingabletodictate,oratleastdominate,therulesandarrangementsbywhichinternationalrelationsareconducted,thentheUnitedStatesishardlyahegemonytoday.ItdoeshaveapredominantvoiceandvoteintheIMF,butitcannotalonechoosethedirector.IthasnotbeenabletoprevailoverEuropeandJapanintheWTO.ItopposedtheLandMinesTreatybutcouldnotpreventitfromcomingintoexistence.

1.Accordingtothispassage,whatdoesthe“mechanicalprediction”inthefirstsentencepredict?

2.Whatisthemeaningof“ifAmericandiplomacyisheavy-headed”？

3.Pleaselistallthefactorsthataffectthewaysinwhichcountries’reacttoastrongerpower.

4.WhatpointdoesRobertGilpintrytomakeinhisobservationquotedinparagraph2?

5.Whatshouldtheleadingcountrydotoensurethatothercountrieswouldworkwithit?

【答案】1.Amechanicalapplicationofbalancingtheorywouldhavepredictedanallianceagainstthestrongnation.

2.ItmeansthatAmericandiplomacyisdull.

3.Othercountries'reaction;proximitytoandperceptionsofthreat;nationalism;thediplomacyofthestrongpower;non-stateactors.

4.Inequalityofpowerhasoftenledtopeaceandstabilitybecausetherewaslittlepointindeclaringwaronadominantstate.

5.Theleadingcountryshoulddefenditslegitimateinterestsanduseitsleadingpowerjustly.

7.单选题

Thisschoolpromisedtomakeclassessmallerandoffermoreindividualized（）.

问题1选项

A.presentation

B.instruction

C.conviction

D.obligation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项presentation“展示，描述”，B项instruction“指令，命令，教导”，C项conviction“定罪，确信”，D项obligation“义务，职责”；根据句子语境“这所学校承诺缩小班级规模，提供更个性化的……”可知，只有B项符合。句意：这所学校承诺要缩小班级规模，提供更加个性化的教学。因此，该题选择B项正确。

8.案例题

Althoughcreditcardsarebecomingamoreacceptablepartofthefinancialscene,theyarestillregardedwithsuspicionbymanyasbeingamajorpartofthe"livenowpaylater"syndrome（综合症）.Alongwithhire-purchase,rentalandleasingschemes,theyprovideencouragementtospendmoremoney.Ofcourse,itisonlythefoolhardywhosuccumb（屈服）tothetemptationtothetemptationtolive,temporarilyatleast,beyondtheirmeans,andsuchpeoplewouldnodoubtmanagetodosoevenwithoutcreditcards.

Advertisingcampaignshave,however,promotedagrowingrealizationoftheadvantagesofthesesmallpiecesofplastic.Theyobviatetheneedtocarrylargeamountsofcashandarealwaysusefulinemergencies.Allthecreditcardorganizationschargeinterestonamonthlybasiswhichmayworkoutashighas25percentayear,yetjudiciouspurchasingusingacardcanmeanthatyouobtainuptosevenweeksinterest-freecredit.Usingthecardabroad,whereitemsfrequentlytakealongtimetobeincludedonyouraccount,canextendthisperiodevenfurther.

Itisworthwhileshoppingaroundbeforedecidingonaparticularcreditcard.Itisnecessarytoconsidertheamountofcreditgranted;interestrates,whichmayvaryslightly;thenumberandrangeofoutlets,thoughmostcardscovermajorgarages,hotels,restaurantsanddepartmentstores,and,ofcourse,whathappensifyourcardislostorstolen.Acreditcardthiefmaybesittingonapotentialgoldmineparticularlyifthereisadelayinreportingthelossofthecard.

However,ifusedwisely,acreditcardcancostnothingsoratleasthelptotideyouoveraperiodoffinancialdifficulty.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.Whatcanbethetitleforthispassage?

3.Whatelsedoyoumeanbyjudiciouspurchasingusingacard?

4.Whathappensifyourcardislostorstolen?

5.Whatdoesthephrase"tideover"inthelastparagraphmean?

Directions:Readthefollowingpassageandthengiveshortanswerstothefivequestions.

【答案】1.Creditcardsarestillbesuspectedbysomepeople.

2.Thecreditcards.

3.Youobtainuptosevenweeksinterest-freecredit.

4.Acreditcardthiefmayuseyourcard.

5.Tosupportthroughadifficultperiod.

【解析】1.文章第一段第一句为本段的中心句,尽管信用卡在金融领域正变得越来越被人们接受,但许多人仍怀疑它是"现用现付"综合征的主要组成部分。也就是说,信用卡现在依然受到部分人的质疑。

2.结合全文可知,本文主要讲了信用卡的用途、如何选择和使用信用卡。所以,文章主要是介绍信用卡。

3.根据关键词"judiciouspurchasing"定位到第二段第三句"...judiciouspurchasingusingacardcanmeanthatyouobtainuptosevenweeksinterest-freecredit."明智地使用信用卡购物意味着你可以获得长达7周的无息信贷。

4.根据第三段最后一句"Acreditcardthiefmaybesittingonapotentialgoldmineparticularlyifthereisadelayinreportingthelossofthecard."一旦你的卡丢失且挂失晚了的话,信用卡窃贼可能会盗用你的卡。

5.tideover意为"克服,度过,度过困难时期"。即tosupportthroughadifficultperiod。

9.单选题

Ananalysisoftheideasinthenovelcompelsananalysisoftheformofthework,particularlywhenformandcontentareas（）astheyareinTheHouseoftheSevenGables.

问题1选项

A.symptomatic

B.delineated

C.integrated

D.conspicuous

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析。句意：对小说理念的分析使人不得不分析作品的形式，特别是当形式和内容像它们在《凶宅七角楼》里一样（）的时候。

symptomatic有症状的，症候的；delineated描绘；integrated综合的，相互协调的；conspicuous显著的，明显的。选项C“相互协调的”符合题意。

10.单选题

Anabstractis（

）

formofanacademicarticle.Manyjournalspublishabstractssoreaderscandecideifitisworthwhiletoreadthefullversionofthearticle.

问题1选项

A.concise

B.comprehensive

C.concrete

D.conceptual

【答案】A

【解析】concise简明的，简洁的；comprehensive综合的，广泛的；concrete具体的，有形的；conceptual概念上的。句意：摘要是学术文章的简洁形式。许多学术期刊会刊登摘要，以便读者决定是否值得阅读全文。选项A符合句意。

11.单选题

A2005studybytheInternationalJournalofOncologysuggestedthatextractfromgacfruitmay（）thegrowthofsomecancers.

问题1选项

A.inhale

B.inhibit

C.infect

D.intimidate

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项inhale表示“吸入，猛吃猛喝”；B选项inhibit表示“抑制，禁止”；C选项infect表示“感染，传染”；D选项intimidate表示“恐吓，威胁，胁迫”。有句意可知，这项研究表明，木鳖果的提取物可以抑制癌症的扩散。因此本题正确答案为B选项。

12.单选题

Aproductistoberegardedasbeing（）whenintroducedintothecommerceofanothercountryatlessthanitsnormalvalue.

问题1选项

A.discharged

B.discarded

C.disposed

D.dumped

【答案】D

【解析】上下文语义。句意：一种产品以低于正常价值的价格进入另一国家的贸易时，被认为是。根据语境可知，这里应填入与进出口货物相关的词汇。dump指倾销，符合语境，选项D正确。

13.单选题

Theorganizationprovidesinformationonhealthissuetothepublicatlarge.

问题1选项

A.atlength

B.ingeneral

C.indetail

D.inbrief

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.atlength详细地B.ingeneral通常；一般来说

C.indetail详细地D.inbrief简言之

【答案】A

【考查点】词组辨析

【解题思路】原词atlarge“详细地”，侧重于“详”，即全面的，原句侧重于表达向公众提供的信息的全面性。A选项atlength“详细地”与原文一致。

【干扰项排除】

B选项ingeneral“通常；一般来说”，不符合原句句意；

C选项indetail“详细地”，侧重于“细”，即具体的细节；

D选项inbrief“简言之”，不符合原句句意。

【句意】该组织向公众提供有关健康问题的全面信息。

14.单选题

Thirty-onemillionAmericanareover60yearsofage,andtwenty-ninemillionofthemarehealthy,busy,productivecitizens.Bytheyear2030,oneineveryfivepeopleintheUnitedStateswillbeover60.Elderlypeoplearemembersofthefastest-growingminorityinthiscountry.Manycallthisthe“grayingofAmerica”.

In1973,agroupcalledthe“GrayPanthers”wasorganized.Thisgroupismadeupofyoungandoldcitizens.TheyaretryingtodealwiththespecialproblemsofgrowingoldinAmerica.TheGrayPanthersknowthatmanyelderlypeoplehavehealthproblems:somecannotwalkwell,otherscannotseeorhearwell.Somehavefinancialproblems;pricesaregoingupsofastthattheelderlycan’taffordthefood,clothing,andhousingtheyneed.Someoldpeopleareafraidandhavesafetyproblems.Othershaveemotionalproblems.Manyelderlyarelonelybecauseofthedeathofahusbandorawife.TheGrayPanthersknowanotherfact,too.Elderlypeoplewanttobeasindependentaspossible.So,theGrayPanthersarelookingforwaystosolvethespecialproblemsoftheelderly.

ThepresidentoftheGrayPanthersisMaggieKuhn,anactivewomaninherlate70s.ShetravelsacrosstheUnitedStates,educatingbothyoungandoldabouttheconcernsofelders.Oneoftheproblemsshetalksaboutiswhereandhowelderslive.ShesaysthatAmericansdonotencourageelderstolivewithyoungerpeople.AsfarasMaggieKuhnisconcerned,onlyelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcareshouldbeinnursinghomes.

MaggieKuhnknowsthateldersneededucation,too.ShespendslotsoftimetalkingtogroupsofolderAmericans.Sheencouragesthemtocontinuetoliveintheirownhousesifitispossible.Shealsotellsthemthatitisimportanttolivewithyoungerpeopleandtohavechildrenaroundthem.Thishelpselderstostayyoungatheart.

1.Whathealthproblemsdomanyelderlyhave?

2.Nursinghomes（）.

3.MaggieKuhntravelsacrosstheUnitedStatesinorderto（）elders.

4.OneoftheproblemsMaggieKuhntalksaboutis（）.

5.MaggieKuhnencourageseldersto（）.

问题1选项

A.Theyfeellonely.

B.Theyaresufferingfromcancer.

C.Theycannotwalkorseeorhearwell.

D.Theyhavegotheartproblems.

问题2选项

A.aregoodforelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcare

B.helpkeepeldersyoung

C.aresetupfortrainingnurses

D.areplaceswheresmallchildrenaretakencareof

问题3选项

A.collectmoneyfor

B.showconcernsfor

C.findhousesfor

D.educatepeopletohelp

问题4选项

A.whyeldersshouldbetakencareof

B.whereandhowelderslive

C.whoneedsmedicalcare

D.howtoimproveeducationintheUSA

问题5选项

A.liveinnursinghomes

B.travelmore

C.livewithyoungerpeople

D.dosomehousework

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第二段第四句“manyelderlypeoplehavehealthproblems:somecannotwalkwell,otherscannotseeorhearwell.”选项C与原文表述一致，正确。

2.细节事实题。根据关键词“Nursinghomes”定位到第三段最后一句“onlyelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcareshouldbeinnursinghomes.”只有需要不断的医疗护理的老年人才应该住进养老院。也就是说，养老院对需要持续医疗护理的老年人有益。选项A符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据第三段第二句“ShetravelsacrosstheUnitedStates,educatingbothyoungandoldabouttheconcernsofelders.”她走遍美国，教育年轻人和老年人关注老年人的问题。选项D正确。

4.细节事实题。根据第三段第三句“Oneoftheproblemsshetalksaboutiswhereandhowelderslive.”选项B与原文表述一致，正确。

5.细节事实题。根据最后一段的三四句，MaggieKuhn鼓励老人继续住在自己的房子里，和年轻人生活在一起，有孩子在身边是很重要的。选项C符合原文。

15.单选题

Thenewrangeofproducts（）lastautumnisalreadysellingfarbetterthanisexpected.

问题1选项

A.launched

B.marketed

C.prevailed

D.envisioned

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。launch“上市”；market“销售”；prevail“盛行”；envision“想象”。句意：去年秋天上市的新产品销量比预期要好。选项A符合题意。

16.单选题

Duringthe1980s,unemploymentandunderemploymentinsomecountrieswasashighas90percent.Somecountriesdidnot（1）enoughfood:basicneedsinhousingandclothingwerenot（2）.Manyofthesecountrieslookedtotheindustrialprocessesofthedevelopedcountries（3）solutions.（4）,problemscannotalwaysbesolvedbycopyingtheindustrializedcountries.Industryinthedevelopedcountriesishighlyautomatedandvery（5）.Itprovidesfewerjobsthanlabor-intensiveindustrialprocesses,andhighly（6）workersareneededto（7）andrepairtheequipment.Theseworkersmustbetrained,（8）manycountriesdonothavethenecessarytraininginstitutions.Thus,the（9）ofimportingindustrybecomehigher.Studentsmustbesentabroadto（10）vocationalandprofessionaltraining.（11）,justtobegintraining,thestudentsmust（12）learnEnglish,French,German,orJapanese.Thestudentsthenspendmanyyearsabroad,and（13）donotreturnhome.

Allcountriesagreethatscienceandtechnology（14）beshared.Thepointis:countries（15）theindustrialprocessesofthedevelopedcountriesneedtolookcarefully（16）thecosts,becausemanyofthesecostsare（17）.Studentsfromthesecountriesshould（18）theproblemofthedevelopedcountriesclosely（19）care,theywilltakehomenottheproblemofscienceandtechnology,（20）thebenefits.

问题1选项

A.generate

B.raise

C.produce

D.manufacture

问题2选项

A.answered

B.met

C.calculated

D.remembered

问题3选项

A.for

B.without

C.as

D.about

问题4选项

A.moreover

B.therefore

C.anyway

D.however

问题5选项

A.expensive

B.mechanical

C.flourishing

D.complicated

问题6选项

A.gifted

B.skilled

C.trained

D.versatile

问题7选项

A.keep

B.maintain

C.retain

D.protect

问题8选项

A.since

B.so

C.and

D.yet

问题9选项

A.charge

B.price

C.cost

D.value

问题10选项

A.accept

B.gain

C.receive

D.absorb

问题11选项

A.Frequently

B.Incidentally

C.Deliberately

D.Eventually

问题12选项

A.soon

B.quickly

C.immediately

D.first

问题13选项

A.some

B.others

C.several

D.few

问题14选项

A.might

B.should

C.would

D.will

问题15选项

A.adopting

B.conducting

C.receiving

D.adjusting

问题16选项

A.to

B.at

C.on

D.about

问题17选项

A.opaque

B.secret

C.sealed

D.hidden

问题18选项

A.tackle

B.learn

C.study

D.manipulate

问题19选项

A.in

B.through

C.with

D.under

问题20选项

A.except

B.nor

C.or

D.but

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

第6题:B

第7题:B

第8题:D

第9题:C

第10题:C

第11题:A

第12题:D

第13题:A

第14题:B

第15题:A

第16题:B

第17题:D

第18题:C

第19题:C

第20题:D

【解析】1.考查动词辨析。A选项generate“产生；引起”；B选项raise“提高；养育”；C选项produce“生产；制造”；D选项manufacture“大量生产；制造”。句意：一些国家没有生产足够的粮食。A选项generate一般是产生电能，可排除。D选项manufacture也有生产的意思，但侧重于工厂大量的制作与生产。相较而言，produce作为生产而言使用性更加广泛。因此C选项符合题意。

2.考查固定搭配。A选项answered“回答”；B选项met“达到；满足”；C选项calculated“计算”；D选项remembered“记住”。句意：一些国家没有生产足够的粮食：住房和衣服方面的基本需求没有得到……。根据关键词needs“需求”，可知其固定搭配meettheneedsof“满足……的需求”。因此B选项符合题意。

3.考查固定搭配。A选项for“给；向”；B选项without“没有”；C选项as“像；如同”；D选项about“关于”。句意：其中很多国家都希望有着工业进程的发达国家提供一些解决方案。固定搭配looktosbforsth“希望（某人）提供（某物）”。因此A选项符合题意。

4.考查语义逻辑。A选项moreover“此外；而且”；B选项therefore“因此”；C选项anyway“无论如何；不管怎样”；D选项however“然而；但是”。前一句说到了他们向发达国家寻求帮助。空格后一句的句意：问题不能总是通过照搬工业化国家来解决。照搬这条路是走不通的，两个句子中存在转折。因此D选项符合题意。

5.考查形容词辨析。A选项expensive“昂贵的”；B选项mechanical“机械的”；C选项flourishing“繁荣的”；D选项complicated“复杂的”。句意：发达国家的工业是高度自动化的，而且非常……。与劳动密集型产业不同，他们雇佣的人比较少，但是都是需要有一定专业素养的。由此可知，实现高度自动化的成本是很高的。因此A选项符合题意。

6.考查形容词辨析。A选项gifted“有天赋的”；B选项skilled“熟练的；有技能的”；C选项trained“受过培训的”；D选项versatile“多才多艺的”。句意：它提供的工作岗位比劳动密集型的工业少，并且需要……的工人来……和修理设备。根据后面的搭配工人是需要会修理设备的，说明工人一定要有一定技能的。因此B选项符合题意。

7.考查动词辨析。A选项keep“保持；继续”，侧重于保持某种状态；B选项maintain“维修；保养”，强调做出努力去维护；C选项retain“保持；持有”，强调拥有；D选项protect“保护；防护”，强调安全。句意：需要有技能的工人来维护和修理设备。因此B选项符合题意。

8.考查语义逻辑。A选项since“因为；既然”；B选项so“所以”；C选项and“和；而且”；D选项yet“然而”。句意：这些工人是必须经过培训的，……许多国家没有必要的培训机构。两个句子存在转折，因此D选项符合题意。

9.考查名词辨析。A选项charge“费用”，一般指提供服务时索取的费用，主语只能是人；B选项price“价格”，一般是指商品在市场出售的价格；C选项cost“费用；成本”，既可以指生产某东西的成本，也可泛指价格；D选项value“价值”侧重于表示价值。句意：因此，进口工业的……变得更高。前文说到需要受过培训的工人但都还没有必要的培训机构，由此使进口工业所消耗的成本更高了。因此C选项符合题意。

10.考查动词辨析。A选项accept“接受”；B选项gain“获得”；C选项receive“收到”；D选项absorb“吸收”。句意：学生必须被送到国外……职业和专业培训。与职业和专业培训最搭配的动词是接受。accept和receive都有接受的意思，但在表示“受到教育”的意思时只能用receive,不能用accept。因此C选项符合题意。

11.考查副词辨析。A选项Frequently“经常地；频繁地”；B选项Incidentally“偶然地；附带地”；C选项Deliberately“故意地”；D选项Eventually“最终；最后”。句意：……，刚开始训练，学生们必须学习英语、法语、德语或日语。刚刚开始学习的内容普遍是学习语言，所以此处应填入表示习惯性的词汇。因此A选项符合题意，可译为通常。

12.考查副词辨析。A选项soon“很快；不久”；B选项quickly“快速地；很快地”；C选项immediately“立即；立刻”；D选项first“首先”。A，B，C选项都有“快速地”的意思。D选项表示一种先后顺序，根据下一句的then“然后”，可以知道出国留学是有一个步骤的。因此D选项符合题意。

13.考查代词辨析。A选项some“某些；有些”；B选项others代词，“其他人”；C选项several“几个，数个”；D选项few“很少”。句意：然后这些学生会在国外待很多年，……不回国。这些学生在国外待了很多年后，有一些就不回国了。因此A选项符合题意。

14.考查情态动词辨析。A选项might“可能；也许”；B选项should“应该”；C选项would“将；将会”，will的过去式；D选项will“将；将会”。句意：所有国家都赞成科学技术……共享。句子使用的是肯定语气，所有国家都一致觉得，表达较为强烈。因此B选项符合题意。

15.考查动词辨析。A选项adopting“采取；采用”；B选项conducting“指挥；指导”；C选项receiving“收到；接受”；D选项adjusting“调整；适应”。句意：关键是：……发达国家工业进程的国家需要仔细考虑成本。第一段最后就说到了这些国家向发达国家寻求帮助，但是照搬工业化国家的方法来解决问题是行不通的，需要考虑成本。那么现阶段所说的是现在照搬发达国家的做法之后需要注意的事项了，因此A选项符合题意。

16.考查固定搭配。A选项to“给；对于”；B选项at“在；以”；C选项on“在……上”；D选项about“关于”。句意：关键是，那些采用了发达国家工业进程的国家需要仔细看清楚成本。考查look的搭配。lookto“朝（某物）看去”；lookat“看；审视”；lookon“在一旁看；袖手旁观”；lookabout“环视”，仔细看成本也是需要一定计算与考虑的，因此B选项符合题意。

17.考查形容词辨析。A选项opaque“不透明的”；B选项secret“秘密的”；C选项sealed“密封的”；D选项hidden“隐藏的”。句意：需要仔细看成本，因为其中有很多……成本。opaque多指玻璃或者是液体是不透明的；secret一般是指行为或者是习惯暗中进行，未公开的；sealed多指封上信封：hidden“隐藏的”，hiddencost意为“隐性成本”。因此D选项符合题意。

18.考查动词解析。A选项tackle“应付；处理”；B选项learn“学习；熟悉”；C选项study“学习；研究”；D选项manipulate“操纵，操作”。句意：来自这些国家的学生应该仔细……发达国家的问题。学生常与学习有关。learn和study都有学习的含义，learn指学习的过程，侧重指学到的成果，有“学到、学会”的意思。而study是指比较深入的学习，侧重指学习过程，有“学习、研究、钻研”的意思。发达国家所遇到的一些问题，不能只片面地学习了解，更应该深入研究。因此C选项符合题意。

19.考查介词辨析。A选项in“在……里面”；B选项through“穿过；通过”；C选项with“用；具有”；D选项under“在……下面”。前面的动词是study研究，空格后接的是care“小心；谨慎”，整个句子可理解为学生们应该用心、仔细研究问题。因此C选项符合题意。

20.考查固定搭配。A选项except“除……之外”可单独使用；B选项nor“也不”，neither…nor“既不……也不……”；C选项or“或者”，either…or…“要么……要么……”；D选项but“但是”，not…but…“不是……而是……”。句意：他们带回家的不是科学技术的问题，而是好处。因此D选项符合题意。

17.单选题

Thesportsmeet,originallyduetobeheldlastFriday,wasfinally（）becauseofthebadweather.

问题1选项

A.setoff

B.brokeoff

C.wornoff

D.calledoff

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组。A:setoff“出发；（使）开始”；B:brokeoff“突然停止”；C:wornoff“磨损”；D:calledoff“取消”。句意：原定于上星期五举行的运动会，由于天气不好，最终取消。结合语境，可知D为正确答案。

18.写作题

Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositioninabout200wordsunderthefollowingtitle.

EnvironmentalprotectionandSustainableDevelopment

【答案】EnvironmentalprotectionandSustainableDevelopment

Alongwiththeeconomicdevelopment,livingstandard’senhancement,theenvironmentquestionbecomesafocalpointwhichgraduallyattractspeople’sattention.InChina,thisproblemisratherdifferentbecauseofourheavypopulationandrapiddevelopment.Therefore,ourgovernmentputtheenvironmentalprotectionupasabasicstatepolicy.Andthen,Iwouldliketotalkabouttheenvironmentalprotectionofourcountry.

Inmyopinion,theprotectionofenvironmentisastep-by-stepprogress,weneedpatientandcare.Therearethewaysandsuggestionsofprotectingtheenvironment.Thefirstoneistomakeasynchronizationofthebuildandprotectofenvironment.Protecttheanimals,plants,forestsandwatertogetherinsteadofmerelydealwiththedamagedones.Thiscanmakeourenvironmentsustainableandprovidecontinuousrecourses.Secondly,improvepeople’senthusiasmofprotectingtheenvironment.People’ssenseofenvironmentalprotectionandtheirattendancearethemostimportantparts.Wecandomoreadvertisementsandletpeopleknowmoreaboutthis.Thirdly,makethelawsofthispartmorecomplete.Ifwewanttomakeadifferenceintheprotectionofenvironment,weneedthesupportoflaws,andtheycanbeourguarantee.

Weshouldknowtheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionandkeepitclear.Itisinrelationshipwiththedevelopmentofoureconomic,theprogressofthesocietyandthehealthofpeople.Withtheresponsibilityofoursociety,weshoulddoitwellandmakeourenvironmentmorecleanandcomfortable.

19.单选题

Itisverykindofyoutooffer,butanymorepuddingwouldsimplybe（）.

问题1选项

A.exceptional

B.excessive

C.abundant

D.ample

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。exceptional"例外的;异常的";excessive"过多的;极度的";abundant"丰富的,多产的";ample"丰富的,足够的"。句意：你给的刚刚好,再多一点布丁都显得太过分了。选项B符合句意。

20.单选题

Stressisastateofimbalancebetweendemandsmadeonusfromoutsidesourcesandourcapabilitiestomeetthosedemands.Often,itprecedesandoccursconcurrentlywithconflict.Stress,asyouhaveseen,canbebroughtonbyphysicalevents,otherpeople’sbehavior,socialsituations,ourownbehavior,feelings,thoughts,oranythingthatresultsinheightenedbodilyawareness.Inmanycases,whenyouexperiencepain,anger,fear,ordepression,theseemotionsarearesponsetoastressfulsituationlikeconflict.

Sometimes,inhighlystressfulconflictsituations,wemustcopewiththestressbeforewecopewiththeconflict.Relievingsomeoftheintensityoftheimmediateemotionalresponsewillallowustobecomemorelogicalandtolerantinresolvingtheconflict.

Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponddifferentlytostress.Somepeoplehandlebothbetterthanothersdo.Individualdifferencesarenotasimportantaslearninghowtomanagethestresswefeel.Thegoalinstressmanagementisself-control,particularlyinthefaceofstressfulevents.

Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.Sitinacomfortablepositioninaquietplacewheretherearenodistractions.Closeyoureyesandpaynoattentiontotheoutsideworld.Concentrateonlyonyourbreathing.Slowlyinhaleandexhale.Now,witheachexhaledbreathsay“relax”gentlyandpassively.Makeitarelaxingexperience.Ifyouusethismethodtohelpyouinconflictsituationsoveraperiodoftime,theword“relax”willbecomeassociatedwithasenseofphysicalcalm;sayingitinastressfulsituationwillhelpinduceasenseofpeace.

Controllingyourthoughtsisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeviews.Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Youmustalsokeepfromattachingexaggeratedimportancetoevents.

Everythingseemslife-threateninginamomentofpanic;thingsdiminimportancewhenviewedinretrospect.

1.Themainpointofthisreadingisthat____________.

2.Controllingyourthoughtsalwaysinvolves____________.

3.Humanresponsetostressis____________.

4.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingtheselectionisto____________.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsincludedintheselectionmostdirectlysupportsthewriter’sviewthatstressiscontrollable?

问题1选项

A.Stressisanimbalanceofinternalandexternaldemands

B.Controllingphysicalreactionsandthoughtsisaneffectivemeansofmanagingstress

C.Relaxationisthekeytosuccessfulstressmanagement

D.Stressmanagementrequiresaproblem-solvingapproach

问题2选项

A.consideringthesituationinalternativeviewpoints

B.visualizingyourselfmanagingthestressful

C.relaxationtechniquestoeliminatephysicalsymptoms

D.asenseofbeingoverwhelmedbythesituation

问题3选项

A.universal

B.variableaccordingtosex

C.unchanging

D.individual

问题4选项

A.explaintherelationshipbetweenstressandconflict

B.instructthereaderhowtocontrolstress

C.describerelaxationtechniques

D.persuadethereadertoreducestressthroughbreathing

问题5选项

A.Thingsdiminimportancewhenviewedinretrospect.

B.Stressisanimbalancebetweendemands.

C.Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflict,justastheyresponddifferentlytostress.

D.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.观点态度题。文章第一二段对压力这个话题进行引入后，第三段最后一句Thegoalinstressmanagementisself-control（压力管理的目标是自我控制）交代下文主要内容，第四段讲述Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.（可以控制压力的身体症状需要放松。），第五