考研考博-英语-厦门医学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-厦门医学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Peoplewho（

）largeamountsofanimalfatsaremorelikelytogetcancerandheartdisease.

问题1选项

A.congest

B.irrigate

C.consume

D.purchase

【答案】C

【解析】考察动词辨析。congest拥挤；充塞；irrigate灌溉；冲洗；consume消耗；消费；purchase购买。句意：吃大量动物油的人更有可能患癌症和心脏病等疾病。选项C符合句意。

2.单选题

Thefootballclubwill

newmembersthefirstweeknextmonth.

问题1选项

A.subscribe

B.absorb

C.register

D.recruit

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。Subscribe“签署”；absorb“吸收；吸引”；register“登记”；recruit“征募”。句意：下个月第一周这个足球俱乐部会招募新成员。选项D符合题意。

3.写作题

Youareveryhappywhenyougetthenewsthatyourfriendhasbeenpromoted.Writealitterofcongratulationandencouragehim/hertokeepup.

Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonAnswerSheet2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiTao"instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress,butpayattentiontotheformofletterwriting

【答案】略

4.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandwriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheetII.

文化的多样性是人类文明最本质的特征，尊重不同文化的独立与发展，加强文化交流与合作，是维护世界文化多样性的重要前提。在全球化的时代，人类面临着许多共同的问题，都需要通过广泛的文化沟通与合作来寻求答案，中国提倡充分尊重各国的文化传统，社会制度、发展道路，倡导开放兼容的文化观，也真诚地愿意通过与各国广泛开展合作，借鉴各种文明之长，推动建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。

【答案】Culturaldiversityisthemostessentialcharacteristicsofhumancivilization,torespecttheindependenceanddevelopmentofadifferentcultureandstrengthenculturalexchangesandcooperationisimportantpreconditionsforthemaintenanceofworldculturaldiversity.Intheeraofglobalization,mankindisfacedwithmanycommonproblemsandallneedtoseektheanswerthroughextensiveculturalcommunicationandcooperation,Chinaadvocatesafullrespectforeachcountry’sculturaltradition,socialsystemanddevelopmentpathandcallforopenandcompatibleculturalview,andalsoissincerelywillingtopromotetobuildaharmoniousworldoflastingpeaceandcommonprosperitythroughextensivecooperationwithothercountriesanddrawingonthestrengthsofthevariouskindsofcivilization.

5.单选题

I’vebeenwritingformostofmylife.ThebookWritingWithoutTeachersintroducedmetoonedistinctionandonepracticethathashelpedmywritingprocessestremendously.Thedistinctionisbetweenthecreativemindandthecriticalmind.Whileyouneedtoemploybothtogettoafinishedresult,theycannotworkinparallelnomatterhowmuchwemightliketothinkso.

Tryingtocriticizewritingontheflyispossiblythesinglegreatestbarriertowritingthatmostofusencounter—Ifyouarelisteningtothat5thgradeEnglishteachercorrectyourgrammarwhileyouaretryingtocaptureafleeting(稍纵即逝的)thought,thethoughtwilldie.Ifyoucapturethefleetingthoughtandsimplyshareitwiththeworldinrawform,nooneislikelytounderstand.Youmustlearntocreatefirstandthencriticizeifyouwanttomakewritingthetoolforthinkingthatitis.

ThepracticethatcanhelpyoupastyourlearnedbadhabitsoftryingtoeditasyouwriteiswhatElbowcalls“freewriting”.Infreewriting,theobjectiveistogetwordsdownonpapernon-stop,usuallyfor15-20minutes.Nostopping,nogoingback,nocriticizing.Thegoalistogetthewordsflowing.Asthewordsbegintoflow,theideaswillcomeoutfromtheshadowsandletthemselvesbecapturedonyournotepadoryourscreen.

Nowyouhaverawmaterialsthatyoucanbegintoworkwithusingthecriticalmindthatyou’vepersuadedtositonthesideandwatchquietly.Mostlikely,youwillbelievethatthiswilltakemoretimethanyouactuallyhaveandyouwillendupstaringblanklyatthepageasthedeadlinedrawsnear.

Insteadofstaringatablankscreenstartfillingitwithwordsnomatterhowbad.Halfwaythroughyouravailabletime,stopandreworkyourrawwritingintosomethingclosertofinishedproduct.Movebackandforthuntilyourunoutoftimeandthefinalresultwillmostlikelybefarbetterthanyourcurrentpractices.

1.Whentheauthorsaysthecreativemindandthecriticalmind“cannotworkinparallel”(Line4Para.1)inthewritingprocess,hemeans（）.

2.Whatpreventspeoplefromwritingonis（）.

3.Whatisthechiefobjectiveofthefirststagewriting?

4.Onecommonconcernofwritersabout“freewriting”isthat（）.

5.Inwhatwaydoesthecriticalmindhelpthewriterinthewritingprocess?

问题1选项

A.noonecanbebothcreativeandcritical

B.theycannotberegardedasequallyimportant

C.theyareinconstantconflictwitheachother

D.onecannotusethematthesametime

问题2选项

A.puttingtheirideasinrawform

B.attemptingtoeditastheywrite

C.ignoringgrammaticalsoundness

D.tryingtocapturefleetingthoughts

问题3选项

A.Toorganizeone’sthoughtslogically

B.Tochooseanappropriatetopic

C.Togetone’sideasdown.

D.Tocollectrawmaterials

问题4选项

A.itoverstressestheroleofthecreativemind

B.ittakestoomuchtimetoeditafterwards

C.itmaybringabouttoomuchcriticism

D.itdoesnothelpthemtothinkclearly

问题5选项

A.Itrefineshiswritingintobettershape

B.Ithelpshimtocomeupwithnewideas.

C.Itsavesthewritingtimeavailabletohim

D.Itallowshimtositonthesideandobserve

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第二段最后一句“Youmustlearntocreatefirstandthencriticizeifyouwanttomakewritingthetoolforthinkingthatitis.”如果你想让写作成为思考的工具，你必须先学会创作，然后再修改。所以作者说二者不能并行的意思是不能同时使用，选项D正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段第一句“Tryingtocriticizewritingontheflyispossiblythesinglegreatestbarriertowritingthatmostofusencounter”在飞快的写作过程中修改可能是我们大多数人遇到的最大障碍。选项B符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据第三段最后一句“Asthewordsbegintoflow,theideaswillcomeoutfromtheshadowsandletthemselvesbecapturedonyournotepadoryourscreen.”当文字开始流畅起来时，想法也会从阴影中浮现出来，并呈现于记事本或屏幕上。由此可知，第一步写作的主要目的是将想法记录下来，选项C符合原文。

4.推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Mostlikely,youwillbelievethatthiswilltakemoretimethanyouactuallyhaveandyouwillendupstaringblanklyatthepageasthedeadlinedrawsnear.”很有可能，你会认为这比你实际拥有的时间要长，而且随着最后期限的临近，你最终会茫然地盯着这一页。由此可推断，对自由写作的担忧是写作的人对自由写作的担忧是之后的编辑时间太长，选项B符合原文。

5.推理判断题。根据第五段的内容，不要盯着空白的屏幕，用文字来填满它，无论这些文字多么糟糕。在你可用的时间的一半，停下来，把你之前的写作重写成更接近成品的东西。反复修改，直到时间耗尽，最终的结果很可能比之前的练习要好得多。由此可知，批判性思维能够帮助写作更加完善。选项A正确。

6.单选题

Thecommissionwouldfinditself（）ateveryturnifitsmemberscouldn’treachanagreement.

问题1选项

A.collided

B.displeased

C.crumbled

D.hampered

【答案】D

【解析】collided碰撞，冲突；displeased生气的；crumbled破碎的；hampered受阻的。句意：如果委员们不能达成协议，委员会就会处处受阻。选项D符合句意。

7.填空题

A:You’relate

B:（1）I?I’msorryImusthavelosttrackofthetime.HasMikearrived（2）?

A:Yes,he（3）hereabout15minutesago.He’sinthelavatorynow.

B:Oh,look!（4）heis!Hi,Mike!

C:Hi,Angela!It’sgoodtoseeyouagain.

A:Well,nowthateveryone’shere,Iguesswe’d（5）findacabandsetout.

【答案】Am;yet;arrived;Here/There;better

【解析】句意:

一一你迟到了。

1-2.语义题。一一是吗？抱歉，我一定是忘了时间了。迈克已经到了吗？

3.语义题。一一到了，他十五分钟之前就到了。他现在在厕所。

4.语义题。一一看！他在这里（那里）。你好，迈克！

一一你好，安吉利尔！很高兴再次见到你。

5.固定搭配。一一好了，现在我们都到齐了。我想我们最好叫辆出租车出发吧。

8.单选题

Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents-thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitloreofthem.Thishascreated’’aparadox"inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas"continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose”achievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalScience.

Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach(whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram)canclose63percentoftheachievementgap(measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades)betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.

Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindingsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students(whocompletedtheproject)atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegreeMostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1percent)wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed,whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswithatleastoneparentwithafour-yeardegree.

Theirthesis-thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpactwasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.Theycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.

Manyfirst-generationstudentsstruggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation,learnthe’rulesofthegame,'and"takeadvantageofcollegeresources,"theywrite.Andthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollegesdon’ttalkabouttheclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudents.BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents’educationalexperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslackinsightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudentslikethemcanimprove.

1.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas（

）.

2.Theauthorofthepaperbelievesthatfirst-generationstudents

（

）.

3.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.reducedtheirdropoutrates

B.narrowedtheachievementgap

C.misseditsoriginalpurpose

D.depressedcollegestudents

问题2选项

A.areactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgap

B.canhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudents

C.maylackopportunitiestoapplyforresearchprojects

D.areinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollege

问题3选项

A.universitiesoftenrejectthecultureofthemiddle-class

B.studentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlackofresources

C.socialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationalexperiences

D.collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestion

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目提问‘招募更多第一代大学生己经如何？’根据文章第一段“Thishascreated’’aparadox"inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas"continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose"achievementgapbasedonsocialclass...这就产生了一个“悖论”，即招收第一代学生，但却眼睁睁地看着他们中的许多人失败，这意味着高等教育“继续繁衍和扩大，而不是缩小”基于社会阶层的成就差距，所以这是一种自相矛盾的事……”。确定C选项‘能达到其最初的目的’正确。

2.细节事实题。题目提问‘本文作者认为第一代学生如何？’根据第四段第一句“...first-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.第一代大学生缺少的不是潜力，而是在处理大多数大学生面对的问题时的实际的常识。”确定D选项“在大学里没有处理问题的经验”正确。

3.推理判断题。题目提问‘最后一段中可以推断什么？’根据最后一段最后一句“BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents’educationalexperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslackinsightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudentslikethemcanimprove.因为美国的学院和大学很少承认社会阶层是如何影响学生的教育经历的，所以许多第一代学生缺乏对他们为什么会挣扎的洞察力，也不知道像他们这样的学生如何才能进步。”可以推知D选项“学校应该为目前的问题承担部分责任”正确。

9.单选题

I’lltrytogetintouchwithhimbuthe’s（）everathomewhenIphone.

问题1选项

A.rarely

B.almost

C.hardly

D.occasionally

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项rarely“很少地；难得；罕有地”；B选项almost“差不多，几乎”；C选项hardly“几乎不，简直不；刚刚”；D选项occasionally“偶尔；间或”。其中hardly带否定意义，hardlyever含never的意思，可当作固定搭配，意为“几乎从不，几乎不”。句意：我尽量和他联系，但我打电话时他几乎不在家。因此C选项正确。

10.单选题

Aseriesofattempts（）made,hecametorealizethathehadunderestimatedtheenormityofthetask.

问题1选项

A.were

B.tobe

C.hadbeen

D.havingbeen

【答案】D

【解析】语法知识题。独立主格结构的用法，A和C选项均为谓语动词，可以排除，一系列的尝试在意识到问题之前就做过了，应该用完成时态。句意：一系列的尝试之后，他意识到他低估了这个任务的繁重性。选项D符合题意。

11.单选题

Duringperiodsofsocialandculturalstability,manyartacademiesaresofirmlycontrolledbythatallrealcreativeworkmustbedoneby（

）thedisenfranchised.

问题1选项

A.managers

B.dogmatists

C.imposters

D.specialists

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。disenfranchised被剥夺公民权的；manager“经理；管理人员”；dogmatist“教条主义者；独断家；独断论者”；imposter“骗子；冒名顶替者”；specialist“专家；专门医师”。句意：在社会和文化稳定时期，很多艺术学院如此牢固地被教条主义者控制，以至于所有真正有创造性的工作都由被剥夺了公民权的人来完成。由allrealcreativeworkmustbedonebythedisenfranchised.可知B项符合题意。

12.单选题

Thisrefrigeratorweboughtlastweekis（）

satisfactory.

问题1选项

A.byallmeans

B.byanymeans

C.bynomeans

D.bysomemeans

【答案】C

【解析】byallmeans一定,

务必,

一般单独用,

后面不接成分；byanymeans无论如何；bynomeans—点也不；bysomemeans通过某种方法。句意：我们上周买的冰箱一点儿也不让人满意。选项C符合句意。

13.单选题

Contrarytotheopinionofthecommitteemembers,thechairmaninsistedonappointing

A

B

whomeverhethoughtcoulddothejobthemostadequately.

C

D

问题1选项

A.Contraryto

B.on

C.whomever

D.themostadequately

【答案】C

【解析】考查关系代词。句中的“hethough”可以看做是一个插入语，从句中缺少主语，因此用whoever引导宾语从句。

试题答案：C;whoever

14.单选题

Aterribletrafficaccidenthappened;peopleweresaddenedwhentheywatchedthe（

）sightonTV.

问题1选项

A.panic

B.patriotic

C.pathetic

D.periodic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。panic“恐慌的”；patriotic“爱国的”；pathetic“可怜的”；periodic“周期的”。句意：发生了一场严重的交通事故；当人们从电视上看到这个可怜的场面的时候都非常伤心。选项C符合题意。

15.单选题

Webbrowsers!Interactivesoftware!There'salotofnewtechnologytalkgoingoninpublicrelationsthesedays,andit'scomingfromavarietyofsources,clients,fearfulthattheyaremissingoutonsomemysterious“nextwave”,demandsomekindofwhiz-bang（尖端）demonstrationoftechnologyfromagencies.Industrypublicationscontinuouslytoutthelatestandgreatestelectronicinnovations.Collegekidsenterthemarketplaceaimedwithcomputerliteracycompletelyalientomanyveteranpractitioners.Andinsomecases,membersofthemediademandthatinformationbepackagedtoaccommodatetheirparticulartechnologicalpreferences.

Istechnologynowthetailwaggingdog?Theanswer,unequivocally,isno.Technologyremainswhatithasalwaysbeen,atoolusedbyprofessionalstohelpthemdotheirjobs.Allofthismillenniumtalkhasproducedanunnecessarylevelofanxietyaboutthenecessityoftechnologicalinnovation一theideathatyouarelight-yearsbehindunlessyouarelight-yearsahead.Relax!Thefoundationsofgoodpublicrelationsremainthesame:anticipatingandmeetingtheneedsofclientsandthemedia,andprovidinginformedandusefulcounsel.Solidresearch,strongwritingskills,creativity,andanappreciationforthevaluesofthemediaarethebackboneoftheprofession,regardlessofhowinformationispackaged.

Evenifthespeedofinformationtransmissionisincreasing,hightechisn'tforeveryone.Allclientsdon'tneedindividualwebpagesandsummariesofchatroomactivity.Whenconsideringapplicationsofnewtechnologies,considertheaudiencesforyourclient.Aretheycomfortablewithtechnology?Dotheyhaveaccesstothedistributionsystemsyouareconsidering?Dotheyhavetheskillsandknowledgetousethesesystems?Dotheynavigatetheweb,useCD-ROMorevenownaVCR?

Considertheimageofthecompanyitself.Thedeliverysystemispartofthemessageandcontributestotheoverallimage,sothepractitionershouldconsiderhowthatsystemaffectstheclient,theproduct,andtheaudiences.

Yes,awebpagecanbeacost-efficientcommunicationtoolwhenyouconsidertheminimalmediacost.Butonceit'supandrunning,you'vegottokeepitfresh,andthatmeansacontinualallocationoftimeandspecializedresources.Inthehyper-speedmodelofcommunications,nothingisolderthaninformationthatisbothoutdatedandon-line.Andtoinformationconsumers,yourwebpagewillceasetobeasourceifitisn'tkeptcurrent.Inthelastpresidentialelection,morethanonecandidatehadproblemswiththeirpersonalwebpagesbecausewebmasterswerenotkeptuptodateonchangesincampaignstrategyandmessages.Thegapbetweenwhatthecandidatewassayingandwhatthewebpagewasshowingbecameastoryinitself.Ifyou'regoingtohaveapresenceontheInternet,youhavetobudgetforregularmaintenance.Otherwise,youareputtingasignupthatsays“toocheaptoberelevant”.

1.Therecententhusiasmfornewtechnologyispartlybroughtonby（）.

2.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftherecentnewtechnologytalkgoingoninpublicrelations?

3.The“tailwaggingdog”(Para.2)mostprobablymeans（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,theroleofnewtechnologyinpublicrelations（）.

5.Itisimpliedinthelastparagraphthatawebpage（）.

问题1选项

A.electronicinnovations

B.thedevelopmentofnewinteractivesoftware

C.consumers'fearofbeingleftbehindthetide

D.thepopularizationoftheWeb

问题2选项

A.Itindicatesasuddenrealizationofanoncomingradicalchangeinpublicrelations.

B.Itremindsusofthefactthattechnologyremainswhatithasalwaysbeen.

C.Itissuperficialanddoesnotmeanthatweareusheringinanewage.

D.Itisasuresignthatwearemissingoutonsomemysterious“nextwave”.

问题3选项

A.theoverwhelminglypredominantthing

B.thedogthattucksitstailbetweenitslegs

C.thethingtobetamedurgently

D.theproblemtobetackledatonce

问题4选项

A.can'tbetooemphasizedintoday'sworld

B.isunnecessarilyexaggerated

C.isnotfullyrecognizedyet

D.ismoreimportanttothecompanythantotheclient

问题5选项

A.canusuallyprovidetheviewerswiththelatestinformation

B.isnotagoodideaunlessitsinformationisupdatedconstantly

C.maytakemoremoneytobesetupandkeptrunningthanimagined

D.canfindextensiveapplicationsinpresidentialelections

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.根据第一段“Industrypublicationscontinuouslytoutthelatestandgreatestelectronicinnovations.”行业出版商不断吹捧最新的和最伟大的电子创新。所以，人们对新技术的热情，有一部分是来源于电子创新。选项A正确。

2.根据第二段第二句“Theanswer,unequivocally,isno.Technologyremainswhatithasalwaysbeen,atoolusedbyprofessionalstohelpthemdotheirjobs.”技术一直是专业人士用来帮助他们工作的工具。选项B符合原文。

3.根据第二段的内容可知，技术一直是专业人士用来帮助他们工作的工具。建立良好公共关系的基础与过去一样，依旧是：预测和满足客户和媒体的需求,并提供有用的信息和建议。也就是说新技术并不是公共关系中起关键作用的主流事物。所以“tailwaggingdog”指具有压倒性优势的事物，选项A正确。

4.根据第二段的第五句“Thefoundationsofgoodpublicrelationsremainthesame:anticipatingandmeetingtheneedsofclientsandthemedia,andprovidinginformedandusefulcounsel.”建立良好公共关系的基础与过去一样，依旧是：预测和满足客户和媒体的需求,并提供有用的信息和建议。所以说没必要夸大新技术在公共关系中的作用。选项B符合原文。

5.根据最后一段的内容可知，网页一旦启用，就需要一直的保持新鲜感，也就是说，信息需要不断的更新。选项B符合原文。

16.单选题

Thevastmajorityofpeopleinanyculturewill（）totheestablishedstandardsofthatculture.

问题1选项

A.conform

B.confine

C.confirm

D.confront

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“conform”，意为“相符合”，B选项“confine”，意为“监禁，限制”，C选项“confirm”，意为“证明，确认”，D选项“confront”，意为“面对，遭遇”。句意：任何文化中的大多数人都会和该文化的既定标准保持一致。A选项符合句意。

17.单选题

commutationviathetelegraphbeganinthe1840s,justbeforetheCivilWar,andviathetelephonejustafterward(1870s).

问题1选项

A.Instantaneous

B.Spontaneous

C.Simultaneous

D.Instinctive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。instantaneous“瞬间的”；spontaneous“自发的”；simultaneous“同时的”；instinctive“本能的”。句意：通过电报进行的同时通讯始于内战前的19世纪40年代，后来（19世纪70年代）很快开始通过电话进行同时通讯。选项C符合题意。

18.单选题

MobyDick,nowregardedasagreatworkofAmericanliterature,wasvirtually___whenitwasfirstpublished,anditwasnotuntilmanyyearslaterthatMelville’sachievementswere___.

问题1选项

A.renowned...relegated

B.notorious...justified

C.hailed...understood

D.ignored...recognized

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项renowned“使有声望”，relegated“贬职，把降低到，把……置于次要地位；使（球队）降级”；B选项notorious“声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的”，justified“证明……是正当的；替……辩护”；C选项hailed“称赞；致敬；招呼”，understood“明白；懂得”；D选项ignored“忽略；不顾”，recognized“确认，承认；具结”。句意：《白鲸》现在被认为是美国文学史上的一部伟大作品，但它刚出版时却几乎___，直到许多年后，梅尔维尔的成就___。本句表达“《白鲸》刚出版时被人忽略，直到多年后，梅尔维尔的成就才被大家承认”。因此D选项正确。

19.单选题

They（）thehallwithpictures.

问题1选项

A.adorned

B.ornamented

C.supplied

D.trimmed

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。adorn“装饰”，一般指为了“美观”而装饰；ornament“装饰，修饰”，多指比较“浮夸”的装饰品，通常在描述很大的豪宅时用ornament比较多；supply“提供，供应”；trim“修剪，切除”。句中指的是用画来装饰大厅，所以选项A更恰当。

20.单选题

Theprofessorcanhardlyfindsufficientgrounds（）hisargumentinfavorofthenewtheory.

问题1选项

A.whichtobaseon

B.onwhichtobase

C.tobaseonwhich

D.whichtobebasedon

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。根据句意：教授很难找到充分的理由来支撑自己支持新理论的论据。由此可知，要把hisargument建立在grounds的基础上，即“basehisargumentsonthegrounds”，变成定语从句需要将介词on提到关系代词which的前面，即“onwhichtobasehisarguments”，所以选项B正确。

21.单选题

Whenplantingshrubberyitisadvisabletotamphedintaroundtherootaftercoveringthem.

问题1选项

A.intrigue

B.fertilize

C.packdown

D.tamperwith

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。题干tamp“捣实；压实；塞紧”。A项“激起……的兴趣；密谋”，B项“使受孕；施肥于”，C项“把……压实”，D项“篡改；干预”。因此选C。句意：种植灌木丛时，建议将其覆盖后夯实在根部周围。

22.单选题

Inthefilmwesawlastnight,thehero（）hiswifetodeathwithhissword.

问题1选项

A.throat

B.thrust

C.trust

D.thread

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近异义动词辨析。A选项throat“用嗓音说”；B选项thrust“插入，猛刺”；C选项trust“信任”；D选项thread“通过，穿线于”。句意：在我们昨晚看的电影中，英雄用剑刺死了他的妻子。选项B符合语境。

23.翻译题

Thecollapseofbeliefwehavebeenwitnessingthroughoutthetwentiethcenturycomeswithglobalism.Thepostmodemconditionisnotanartisticmovementoraculturalfadoranintellectualtheory-althoughitproducesallofthoseandisinsomewaysdefinedbythem.Itiswhatinevitablyhappensaspeopleeverywherebegintoseethattherearemanybeliefs,manykindsofbelief,manywaysofbelieving.Postmodernismisglobalism;itisthehalf-discoveredshapeoftheoneunitythattranscendsallourdifferences.

Inaglobal—andglobalizingera,alloftheoldstructuresofpoliticalreality,alltheoldwaysofsayingwhoweareandwhatweareforandwhatweareagainst,seemtobemeltingawayintoair.

Howtohaveanidentityinsuchaworld?Nationalismbecomessemi-obsoletebeforeitevencompletesitsconquest;nationalgovernmentseverywherearechallengedfromfrontandrear,pastandfuture.Theyareforcedtodobattleagainstpre-modemtribalandethnicidentitiesevenastheyresistthethreatstotheirfragilesovereigntiesthatareposedbyinternationalorganizationandmovementsandeconomicforces.Theweakernationalsovereigntyisasanabsoluteprinciple,thelesssecureweareindefiningourselvesaccordingtonationalcitizenship.

Howaboutideology?ThroughouttheeraoftheColdWar,globalideologiesseemedtobereplacingnationalloyaltiesasthesupremedefinersofpoliticalreality.

Foratime,theworldappearedtobedividedintotwoopposedbeliefsystemsratherthanintomanynations.

Buttheinternationalideologiesneverquitemanagedtoseparatethemselvesfromnationalism(Marxismhadaparticularlyhardtimewiththat,waswidelysuspectedofbeingmerelyatoolofRussianambitions),andtodayhardlyanybodyotherthanafewintransigentcommunistsanddie-hardanti-communistsbelievethattheworldispoliticallybipolar.

Religionisstillapotentdefinerofpoliticalrealityandstillanexplosiveone—wemaystillbehavingholywarswhenwehavestoppedhavinganyotherkind—butitisalsothemostvulnerableofalltobeingunveiledasacreationofthehumanmind.

Eachofthesesetsofcategories,eachofthesewaysthatpeopleconstructwhotheyareandwhattheybelieveisincreasinglychimerical,capableofevaporatinginamomentwhenpeoplelookattheworldwithdifferenteyes.

Classandracemayprovetobemoredurabledefinersofreality,morestablemarkersofwhois‘us’andwhois‘them’.Buteachofthose,too,becomesanythingbutpredictableinapostmodernworld.ThewretchedoftheearthmaybeaforceforrebelliouschangebecausetheybelievesomeformofMarxistdoctrineaboutclassconflict,ormerelybecausetheyceasetobelieveinthevarioussocialconstructionsofrealitythatheldtheirconditiontobepartofGod’sownarrangement.Oppressedracesgrowskeptical(astheworldgainsunderstandingofthegamesoppressorsplay)aboutthesocialconstructionsofrealitythatdefinetheirplaceandstrivetokeeptheminit.

【答案】后现代主义正在全球化，据发现，它是以超越我们所有的差异形成统一的半形状形成的。

作为一项绝对原则，国家主权越弱，我们根据国家公民身份对自己的定义就越不安全。

有一段时间，这个世界被划分成两个对立的信仰系统，而不是被划分成许多的国家。

阶级和种族可能被证明是对现实更加持久的定义者，是“我们”和“他们”之间最稳定的标志。

被压迫者对现实的社会结构产生了怀疑(因为世界对压迫者所玩的游戏有了更多的了解)，而现实的社会结构定义了他们的位置，并努力将他们留在其中。

24.单选题

Withthegradualimprovementoftransportationandcommunications,farmrshavenowhadeasier（

）tocitiesandtowns.

问题1选项

A.access

B.reach

C.approach

D.touch

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。haveaccessto有接触（或进入、使用）的机会。句意：随着交通和通讯的逐渐改善，农民现在更容易进入城镇。故答案A。

25.单选题

TheDepartmentofResourcesnotifiedthetowncouncilthatthewatersupplywas______.

问题1选项

A.contemplated

B.contaminated

C.contemned

D.consulted

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A项contemplate“沉思，注视”，B项contaminate“污染”，C项contemn“蔑视，侮辱”，D项consult“请教，商议”。根据关键词watersupply“水源”可知，最搭配的是B项。句意：资源部门告知市议会，水源受到污染。因此，该题选择B项正确。

26.单选题

Inmostcountries,thelawonorgantransplantationispoorlydefined.Theexistingframework__1__tophysicalassaultandcareofthedeadhasno__2__fororgantransplantation.Itis__3__togetthepermissionoftherelatives,__4__becauseorgan__5__musttakeplaceimmediatelyafterdeath,itmaybeimpossibletoreachtherelatives__6__time.Ithasbeensuggestedthatthereshouldbeawidespreadcampaigntoencouragepersonsto__7__intheirwillsthattheirorgansbeusedfortransplantation.An__8__istoprovidebylawthatpermissionis__9__unlessremovalhasbeenforbiddenbytheindividualinhislifetime.Itis,ofcourse,importantthatthere__10__publicreassurancethatconsiderationoftransplantationwouldnot__11__normalresuscitativeeffortsofthe__12__donor.Transplantationhasobviously__13__importantethicalconsiderations__14__thediagnosisofdeath.Everyeffortmustbemadeto__15__theheartbeattosomeonewhohashadasuddencardiacarrestor__16__tosomeonewhocannotbreathe.__17__,artificialrespirationandmassageoftheheart,thestandardmethodsofresuscitation,mustbecontinued__18__itisclearthatthebrainisdead.Mostphysiciansconsiderthat__19__thispointeffortsatresuscitationare__20__.

问题1选项

A.relating

B.associated

C.associating

D.related

问题2选项

A.description

B.provision

C.rule

D.statement

问题3选项

A.impossible

B.vital

C.ritual

D.customary

问题4选项

A.and

B.or

C.but

D.then

问题5选项

A.replacement

B.transplantation

C.removal

D.burial

问题6选项

A.at

B.in

C.on

D.within

问题7选项

A.say

B.provide

C.supply

D.mention

问题8选项

A.alt