考研考博-英语-呼和浩特民族学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-呼和浩特民族学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.填空题

Yesterdayafternoon,whileJohnandLindawerebothatwork,thieves（1）intotheirflatand（2）money,jewelryandanexpensivenewcomputer.

【答案】1.broke;

2.took

【解析】1.固定搭配。breakinto闯入。因此此处填break的过去式broke。

2.语义题。第二空也填动词的过去式,由其宾语money可知填took(带走了)。

2.单选题

Comte'sphilosophicalsuccessor,whocarriedonbothhisphenomenalistandpresentationalistphilosophyintothesocialarenaofpoliticsandethics,wasJohnStuartMill.ButfirstwemustturntoanevengreaterinfluenceonMill'sviews,oneoftheleadingradicalreformersofthenineteenthcentury,JeremyBentham.

BorninLondon,thesonofaleadingattorney,BenthamwasachildprodigywhobeganstudyinghistoryandLatinattheageofthree.AttwelveheenteredQueen'sCollegeinOxfordandearnedhisB.A.inthreeyearsandhisM.A.twoyearslaterattheageofseventeen.Hisfatherexpectedhimtobecomeapracticinglawyer,butBenthamwasfarmoreinterestedinthephilosophicalfoundationsofethics,morality,andlegaltheory.HetraveledwidelythroughoutEuropeandwrotehisfirstessayoneconomicsinRussia.In1792hebecameacitizenofFrance.

Bentham'smainphilosophicalinfluenceswereLockeandHume.WhenhereadHume'sTreatiseandHumanNaturehesaiditwasasifscalesfellfromeyes.Hewentontopublishseveralbooksonpoliticalandlegaltheory,butitwashisIntroductiontothePrinciplesofMoralsandLegislationthatmadehimapowerfulandinfluentialinternationalfigure.InhisPrincipleshelaidthegroundworkforutilitarianism;asdevelopedbyMill(whomweshallconsiderinthenextsection),histheoryisstilltodayoneoftheleadingmoraltheoriesintheworld.

Benthamdefineshisprincipleofutilityas"thatpropertyinanyobjectwherebyittendstoproducepleasure,goodorhappiness,ortopreventthehappeningofmischief,pain,evilorunhappinesstothepartywhoseinterestisconsidered".AccordingtoBentham,thisprincipletakesaccountofthetwomainmotivesforallhumanaction—painandpleasure.Governments,social,politicalandlegalinstitutions,aswellasindividualcitizens,shouldfollowtheGreatestHappinessPrinciple:choosethatcourseofactionthatleadstothegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumberofpeople.Hisutilitarianism,designedtofreepeoplefromoppressivelawsandtomakegoverningbodiesmoral,providedafoundationtomanydemocraticsocieties.Sinceleadersaswellasindividualsarethusmorallyboundtofollowthesameuniversalprincipleandonethatisreadilyaccessibletoeveryone—weallknowwhatpainandpleasureare—therecanbenomanipulation,throughrhetoric,oftheweakbythepowerful.InBentham'ssystemweareeachourownbestjudgeastohowbesttoliveandattainhappiness.

Heopenlycalledfortherejectionofallmonarchiesandestablishedchurches,claimingthat"allgovernmentisinitselfonevastevil."Theonlyjustificationforputtingsuchevilintoplacewouldbetopreventsomegreaterevil;governmentsshouldthereforeneverstrayfromtheprincipleofutility—thegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumber.AmongBentham'smanydisciples,themostfamousisJohnStuartMill,whofurtherdevelopedutilitarianismbutalongratherdifferentlines.

1.Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanby"scalesfellfromeyes"inthethirdparagraph?

2.WhichofthefollowingcanbestexplainthequotesinthefourthparagraphofBentham'sdefinitionofprincipleofutility?

3.HowdidBenthaminfluencetheworldaccordingtothepassage?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldmostlikelyfollowthispassage?

问题1选项

A.Hiseyeswerefulloftears.

B.Hiseyesbecamesmaller.

C.Hewasenlightened.

D.Hecouldseeclearly.

问题2选项

A.Utilitycanberegardedasaqualitywhichislikelytobringhappinessorstoptheoccurrenceofunhappinesstointerestedparties.

B.Utilityisakindofpossessionbywhichconcernedpeoplecangethappinessandavoidunhappiness.

C.Theprincipleofutilityistheprincipleofthegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumberofpeople.

D.Theprincipleofutilityisthebeliefthatthevalueofathingoranactionisdeterminedbyitsutility.

问题3选项

A.Heinfluencedthephilosophersinthewholeworld.

B.Hecontributedtooverthrowingallthemonarchiesandchurches.

C.Histheoryhaschangedthemoralvalueofthemodemworld.

D.Themoralfoundationtomanymoderndemocraciestracesbacktohistheory.

问题4选项

A.BenthamhadgreatinfluenceonLockeandHume,aswellasonMill.

B.BothBenthamandMillwereComte'sphilosophicalsuccessors.

C.Bentham'sfatherwasdisappointedthathedidn'tbecomeanattorney.

D.BenthamcontributedmorethanMilltothefoundationofutilitarianism.

问题5选项

A.TheintroductionofJohnStuartMill.

B.TheintroductionofComte.

C.TheintroductionofHume.

D.Theintroductionofutilitarianism.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句，“Bentham'smainphilosophicalinfluenceswereLockeandHume.WhenhereadHume'sTreatiseandHumanNaturehesaiditwasasifscalesfellfromeyes.”，可知边沁的主要哲学影响是Locke和Hume。当他读到Hume的《论人的本性》时，他说这就像从眼睛上掉下来的鳞片。可判断出Hume给他带来了很大的影响。选项C符合题意。

2.推断题。根据文章第四段，“…shouldfollowtheGreatestHappinessPrinciple:choosethatcourseofactionthatleadstothegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumberofpeople.”，可知它遵循最大的幸福原则：选择能为大多数人带来最大幸福的行动方式。可判断出效用原则是为大多数人带来最大幸福的原则。选项C符合题意。

3.推断题。根据文章第四段，“Hisutilitarianism,designedtofreepeoplefromoppressivelawsandtomakegoverningbodiesmoral,providedafoundationtomanydemocraticsocieties.”，可知他的功利主义，旨在将人民从压迫性的法律中解放出来，并使管理机构具有道德，为许多民主社会提供了基础。可判断出许多现代民主国家的道德基础可以追溯到他的理论。选项D符合题意。

4.根据文章第三段，“Bentham'smainphilosophicalinfluenceswereLockeandHume.”，可知边沁的哲学思想受到了Locke和Hume的影响，并没有受到Mill的影响，选项A不符合文意，可排除。根据史实，Bentham的思想先于Comte产生，选项B可排除。根据文章第二段，提到边沁的父亲希望他成为律师，只是阐述了事实，并没有提及父亲的想法和情感。选项C可排除。选项D符合题意。

5.推断题。根据文章最后一句，“AmongBentham'smanydisciples,themostfamousisJohnStuartMill,whofurtherdevelopedutilitarianismbutalongratherdifferentlines.”，可知在边沁的众多弟子中，最著名的是约翰•斯图亚特•密尔，他进一步发展了功利主义，但却走了截然不同的路。可判断出下文最可能继续介绍Mill以及他的主要思想。选项A符合题意。

3.单选题

Duringrecoveryperiodsthesesystemsbuildtogreaterlevelsto______forthestressthatyouhaveapplied.

问题1选项

A.commence

B.compromise

C.compensate

D.compliment

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项commence“开始；着手”；B选项compromise“妥协；折中”；C选项compensate“补偿；抵消”；D选项compliment“恭维；问候”。句意：在恢复期，这些系统建立到更高的水平来______你施加的压力。根据语境，C选项compensate“抵消”搭配stress“压力”比较合理，意思指系统因为水平提升，从而可以抵消压力。因此C选项正确。

4.单选题

3.

问题1选项

A.Heisgoingtogetmarried.

B.Heisgoingtogethisbachelor'sdegree.

C.Hewillcountonthewomanforhelp.

D.Hewillbringhisownboozetotheparty.

【答案】A

【解析】W:We’llthrowTomabachelorparty.

M:Thencountmein.

W:Great.Beatourhouseat8p.m,andbringyourownbooze.

Q:WhatistrueaboutTom?

【解析】细节题。男士表示想去单身汉晚会，女士确认了时间为晚上八点，并且要自带酒水。

5.单选题

Let’sspeedupthelesson.Ifwe___toolongongrammar,we___enoughtimefororalactivities.

问题1选项

A.spent...wouldget

B.spent...wouldnotget

C.hadspent...wouldhavegot

D.hadspent…wouldnothavegot

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：让我们加快上课速度。如果我们___太多在语法上，我们___足够的时间进行口语活动。根据句意可知提出对于现在的条件，主句：主语would/should/might/could＋动词原形；从句：动词过去式。因此B选项正确。

6.单选题

A2005studybytheInternationalJournalofOncologysuggestedthatextractfromgacfruitmay（）thegrowthofsomecancers.

问题1选项

A.inhale

B.inhibit

C.infect

D.intimidate

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项inhale表示“吸入，猛吃猛喝”；B选项inhibit表示“抑制，禁止”；C选项infect表示“感染，传染”；D选项intimidate表示“恐吓，威胁，胁迫”。有句意可知，这项研究表明，木鳖果的提取物可以抑制癌症的扩散。因此本题正确答案为B选项。

7.单选题

Sadly,asspendingonprivategardenshas（）,spendingonpublicparkshasgenerallydeclined.

问题1选项

A.heightened

B.lifted

C.flown

D.soared

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项heightened“提高”；B选项lifted“举起”；C选项flown“飞行”；D选项soared“飙升”。句意：遗憾的是，在私人花园的花费飙升的同时，公共公园的花费却普遍下降。本句表示花费飙升，因此D选项正确。

8.单选题

Ineconomics，demandimpliessomethingslightlydifferentfromthecommonmeaningoftheterm.Thelayman,forexample，oftenusedthetermtomeantheamountthatisdemandedofanitem.Thus,ifthepriceweretodecreaseandindividualswantedmoreoftheitem,itiscommonlysaidthatdemandincreases.Toaneconomist,demandisarelationshipbetweenaseriesofpricesandaseriesofcorrespondingquantitiesthataredemandedattheseprices.I£oneroadstheprevioussentencescarefully，itshouldbecomeapparentthatthereisadistinctionbetweenthequantitydemandedanddemand.Thisdistinctionisoftenapointofconfusionandweallshouldbeawareofandunderstandthedifferencebetweenthesetwoitems.Werepeat,therefore,thatdemandisarelationshipbetweenpriceandquantitiesdemanded,andthereforesuggeststheeffectofone(e.g.，price)ontheother(e.g.quantitydemanded).Therefore,knowledgeofthedemandforaproductenablesonetopredicthowmuchmoreofaproductwillbepurchasedifpricedecreases.Buttheincreaseinquantitydemandeddoesnotmeandemandhasincreased,sincetherelationshipbetweenpriceandquantity(i.e.，thedemandfortheproduct)hasnotchanged.Demandshiftswhenthereisachangeinincome,expectations,tastes,etc.，suchthatadifferentquantityoftheproductisdemandedatthesameprice.

Inalmostallcases，aconsumerwantsmoreofanitemifthepricedecreases.Thisrelationshipbetweenpriceandquantitydemandedissostrongthatitisreferredtoasthe“lawofdemand”.This“law”canbeexplainedbytheincomeandsubstitutioneffects.Theincomeeffectoccursbecausepriceincreasesreducethepurchasingpoweroftheindividualand,thus，thequantitydemandedofgoodsmustdecrease.Thesubstitutioneffectreflectstheconsumer’sdesiretogetthe“bestbuy”.Accordingly,ifthepriceofproductAincreases,theindividualwilltendtosubstituteanotherproductandpurchaselessofgoodsAThenegativecorrelationbetweenpriceandquantitydemandedisalsoexplainedbythelawofdiminishingmarginalutility.Accordingtothislaw，theadditionalutilitytheconsumergainsfromconsumingaproductdecreasesassuccessivelymoreunitsoftheproductareconsumed.Becausetheadditionalunitsyieldlessutilityorsatisfaction,theconsumeriswillingtopurchasemoreonlyifthepriceoftheproductdecreases.

Economistsdistinguishbetweenindividualandmarketdemand.Asthetermimplies，individualdemandconcernstheindividualconsumerandillustratethequantitiesthatindividualsdemandatdifferentprices.Marketdemandincludesthedemandofallindividualsforaparticulargoodsandisfoundbysummingthequantitiesdemandedbyallindividualsatthevariousprices.

Theothersideofthepricesystemissupply.Asinthecaseofdemand,supplyisarelationshipbetweenaseriesofpricesandtheassociatedquantitiessupplied.Itisassumedthataspriceincreasestheindividualorfirmwillsupplygreaterquantitiesofaproduct.Thereisapositivecorrelationbetweenquantitysuppliedandproductprice.

Economistsalsodistinguishbetweenachangeinsupplyandquantitysupplied.Thedistinctionissimilartotheonemadewithrespecttodemand.Also，asinthecaseofdemand,economistsdistinguishbetweenindividualfirmsupplyandmarketsupply，whichisthesummationofindividualsupply.

Takentogether,supplyanddemandyieldequilibriumofpriceandquantity.Equilibriumisastateofstability,withbalancedforcesinwhichpricesandquantitywillremainconstant.Moreover，thereareforcesinthemarketthatwillacttoestablishequilibriumifchangesindemandorsupplycreatedisequilibrium.Forexample,ifpricesareaboveequilibrium,thequantitysuppliedexceedsquantitydemandedandsurplusesoccurthathaveadownwardpressureonprices.Thesepressureswillpersistuntilequilibriumisestablished.Ifpricesarebelowequilibrium,theproductwillbecomescareandtherewillbeanupwardpressureonprice.

1.Accordingtothepassage,demand_____.

2.Accordingtothepassage,thelawofdiminishingmarginalutility_____.

3.Theword“equilibrium”（Line1，Para.6）mostprobablymeans_____.

4.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?

5.Thepurposeofthispassageistoillustrate_____.

问题1选项

A.increasesaspricedecreases

B.canbepredictedifthereisachangeinprice

C.remainsconstantatthesameprice

D.isinfluencedbychangesintheconsumer’sincomeandtastes

问题2选项

A.isexplainedbyincomeandsubstitutioneffects

B.explainswhytheadditionalunitsyieldlessutility

C.showsthattheadditionalunitsyieldlesssatisfaction

D.reflectstheconsumer’sdesiretogetthecheapestbuy

问题3选项

A.stability

B.balance

C.summation

D.consistency

问题4选项

A.Pricedecreasesasmoreproductsaresupplied.

B.Thereisapositivecorrelationbetweensupplyanddemand.

C.Thereisanupwardpressureonpriceifmoreproductsaredemanded.

D.Bothquantitydemandedandquantitysuppliedaredependentonproductprices.

问题5选项

A.thetwosidesofpricesystem

B.therelationshipbetweendemandandsupply

C.therelationshipbetweenpriceandquantity

D.thedistinctionbetweendemandandquantitydemanded

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句，“Demandshiftswhenthereisachangeinincome，expectations，tastes,etc.，suchthatadifferentquantityoftheproductisdemandedatthesameprice.”，可知需求随着收入、预期和品味等因素而改变，造成相同价格下产品的需求量不同。选项D符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“Becausetheadditionalunitsyieldlessutilityorsatisfaction,theconsumeriswillingtopurchasemoreonlyifthepriceoftheproductdecreases.”，可知在边际效用递减规则中，因为额外产品产生的效用和满意度较低，只有该产品的价格降低，消费者才愿意购买更多的产品。选项C符合题意。

3.词义理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句，“Equilibriumisastateofstability,withbalancedforcesinwhichpricesandquantitywillremainconstant.”，根据本句对equilibrium的解释，可知，它是一种稳定状态，价格和数量在平衡力下保持不变。可推测equilibrium应该有平衡的意思，和balance同义，选项B符合题意。

4.推断题。根据文章最后一段，“…Ifpricesarebelowequilibrium,theproductwillbecomescareandtherewillbeanupwardpressureonprice.”，可知如果价格低于平衡值，产品会稀缺，又对价格产生上压力。选项C符合题意。

5.主旨题。本文先后讨论了供给和价格之间的关系，以及需求和价格之间的关系，供给和需求是市价格体系的两个方面，最后提到了市场体系中供需平衡的调控，选项A符合题意。

9.单选题

Thesecurityguard（）twomenwhowereyellinginthecourtroom.

问题1选项

A.expelled

B.propelled

C.repelled

D.dispelled

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项expelled“开除；驱逐”；B选项propelled“推进；促使”；C选项repelled“击退；驱逐”；D选项dispelled“消除”。句意：保安人员……两名在法庭喊叫的男子。法庭不允许大声喧哗，因此空格内应填入与驱逐有关的单词。由此可以排除B选项。expel意为“赶走”；repel意为“击退，排斥，拒绝”；dispel意为“驱散（云雾等）”。因此A选项符合题意。

10.单选题

Whenshebeganthejob,Lisashowed（

）andwaspromotedtoamanagerafterayear.

问题1选项

A.nitiative

B.ambition

C.attribute

D.peculiarity

【答案】B

【解析】initiative主动权，首创精神；ambition抱负，雄心；attribute属性，特质；peculiarity怪癖，特征。句意：当丽莎开始这份工作时就展现了她的抱负，一年后被提升为经理。选项B符合句意。

11.单选题

Thisnewbookhasreceivedseveralreviewssinceitspublication;butnoneofthemhavemadeajust（）ofthebook.

问题1选项

A.calculation

B.evaluation

C.profit

D.register

【答案】B

【解析】名词词义辨析。calculation“估计”；evaluation“评价”；profit“利润”；register“注册”。句意：这本书出版以来已经获得了几个评论，但是没有一个评论是表示对这本书的评价。选项B符合题意。

12.单选题

Gratitudeisdefinedastheartofshowing（）foreverykindness,greatandsmall.

问题1选项

A.motivation

B.appreciation

C.affection

D.opposition

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项motivation的意思是“动机”；B选项appreciation的意思是“感激，欣赏”；C选项affection的意思是“喜爱，爱慕”；D选项opposition的意思是“反对，敌对”。题干的意思是“感恩就是一种对大大小小的善意表达（）的艺术。”根据首单词Gratitude（感谢；感激）我们可知空格处应填与该单词联系度最高的单词，因此B选项正确。

13.单选题

Thesesurveysindicatethatmanycrimesgo______bythepolice,mainlybecausenotallvictimsreportthem.

问题1选项

A.unrecording

B.tohavebeenunrecorded

C.unrecorded

D.tobeunrecorded

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查定语从句。句意：这些调查表明，许多犯罪没有被警方记录下来，主要是因为并非所有的受害者都会报案。manycrimesgo______bythepolice是indicate的宾语从句，manycrimes是主语，go是系动词，横线部分是表语；根据by可知横线部分有被动含义，C选项unrecorded符合题意。A选项unrecording没有被动含义；B选项tohavebeenunrecorded和D选项tobeunrecorded用法错误。因此C选项正确。

14.单选题

Lookingahead,hedecidedto（）hispresentjob.

问题1选项

A.stickto

B.stickup

C.stickwith

D.stickdown

【答案】A

【解析】句意:考虑得长远些，他决定坚持做目前的工作。

考查短语辨析。stickto坚持;stickup竖起;stickwith继续做…；stickdown把…写下来，放下。因此A项符合句意。

15.单选题

AntiwarchampionRep.JohnMurthawantstoattachconditionsontheimpendingsupplemental_______billtofundthewar.

问题1选项

A.approbations

B.approximations

C.apprehensions

D.appropriations

【答案】D

【解析】approbation官方批准,认可;approximation接近,近似值;apprehension理解,恐惧,逮捕；appropriation挪用,拨款。句意：反战派共和党员JohnMurtha希望对即将通过的为战争提供资金的追加拨款法案附加条件。选项D符合句意。

16.单选题

Toreducethefinancialpressurefacingthecompany,itsmanagementhasdecidedon（）expenditurecuts.

问题1选项

A.modest

B.sweeping

C.tangible

D.considerate

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。modest谦虚的；sweeping大规模的；tangible有形的，切实的；considerate体贴的，大量的。由前半句的financialpressure可知公司会削减开支。故B项符合句意。句意：为了减小公司面临的财务压力,其管理层决定大规模地削减开支。

17.单选题

TheLondonMarathonisadifficultrace.（）,thousandsofrunnersparticipateeveryyear.

问题1选项

A.Therefore

B.Furthermore

C.Accordingly

D.Nevertheless

【答案】D

【解析】考查连词辨析。therefore“因此”；furthermore“而且”；accordingly“相应地”；nevertheless“不过，然而”。句意：伦敦马拉松是一个很难的比赛。但是，每年都有成千上万的跑步者参赛。由前后句意可判断这两句是转折关系，故D项正确。

18.单选题

Historybeforetheemergenceofwritingaround3,000B.C.receivesbrieftreatment,（）itconstitutes99.9%ofthefive-million-yearhistoryofthehumanspecies.

问题1选项

A.because

B.although

C.that

D.when

【答案】B

【解析】语法题。空格前句提到书写于公元前3000年左右的历史知识得到了简短的称述，空格后句提到这个时间的历史构成了人类500万年历史的99.9%，所以前后两句是让步关系，选用让步连词although，选项B符合题意。

19.单选题

Earthquakesarenature’scrudest（1）onthepoorestpeoplewhosquatonthesurfaceoftheglobe.ThedreadfulcatastropheinsouthwesternIndiawillbe（2）intheheartand（3）theconscienceoftherestoftheworldforalongtime（4）.Thereisnowayofpreventingthetremors(震动)withintheEarth（5）causeitssurfaceto（6）.And,forthetime（7）,thereisnosurewayofpredicting（8）.But,ifearthquakesare（9）events,thisisnottrueofthedevastating（10）whichhaveaccompaniedsomanyrecentones.Theeffectofaquakewouldbe（11）inspection.Buttheyarenot,becauseearthquakesmainlyhappenindevelopingcountrieswhichcannotaffordto（12）structuresofthecorrectstandard.Insomeearthquake-proneregions,liketheHimalayas,deforestation(滥伐)hasevenrobbedtheinhabitantsofthedegreeofnatural（13）

Mostdamageis（14）bythecollapseofweakstructuresandthefiresthat（15）asaresult.DuringtheEgyptianearthquakeof1992alargeproportionofthe（16）werekilledbystampingwhentheypanicked（17）

18）

hadtheyknownwhattodo.InTokyo,peopleoftendon’ttake（19）

noticeofanearthquakebecauseofthecarefulpreparationandeducation（20）overyears.

问题1选项

A.revenge

B.attack

C.grab

D.clash

问题2选项

A.embedded

B.ignored

C.presented

D.distracted

问题3选项

A.in

B.on

C.with

D.for

问题4选项

A.coming

B.tobecoming

C.tohavecome

D.tocome

问题5选项

A.what

B.whether

C.which

D.where

问题6选项

A.whisper

B.vibrate

C.slope

D.corrode

问题7选项

A.being

B.now

C.going

D.up

问题8选项

A.something

B.them

C.any

D.it

问题9选项

A.unaccountable

B.unacceptable

C.unavoidable

D.unperceivable

问题10选项

A.expectations

B.nightmares

C.remnants

D.consequences

问题11选项

A.subjectto

B.accessibleto

C.availableto

D.opposedto

问题12选项

A.locate

B.erect

C.make

D.put

问题13选项

A.damage

B.preservation

C.destruction

D.protection

问题14选项

A.relieved

B.settled

C.found

D.triggered

问题15选项

A.breakup

B.breakdown

C.breakout

D.breakinto

问题16选项

A.criminals

B.followers

C.believers

D.victims

问题17选项

A.incaseof

B.regardlessof

C.inthewakeof

D.insteadof

问题18选项

A.survived

B.saved

C.lived

D.moved

问题19选项

A.no

B.much

C.little

D.some

问题20选项

A.taught

B.measured

C.imbued

D.integrated

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

第6题:B

第7题:A

第8题:B

第9题:D

第10题:D

第11题:A

第12题:B

第13题:D

第14题:D

第15题:C

第16题:D

第17题:C

第18题:A

第19题:B

第20题:C

【解析】Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE/*StyleDefinitions*/table.MsoNormalTable{mso-style-name:普通表格;mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-parent:"";mso-padding-alt:0cm5.4pt0cm5.4pt;mso-para-margin:0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"TimesNewRoman","serif";}

（1）revenge报复；attack攻击；grab攫取,霸占；clash冲突。根据句子的意思“对于生活在地球上最贫穷的人们来说，地震是大自然最残酷的报复。选项A符合原文。

（2）embedded植入的，嵌入的；ignored忽视的；presented呈现的；distracted分散的。根据原文句意：印度西南部的可怕灾变将在中心分散，选项D符合句意。

（3）with在这里表伴随。意为随着

（4）根据上题的with表伴随可知这里应该用动名词形式。选项A正确。

（5）语法题。which引导限定性定语从句,指代前面的tremors一词。

（6）辨析题。whisper低声说出；vibrate颤动；slope倾斜；corrode侵蚀。根据句意：地球内部震动而导致地球表面的颤动是无法阻止的。这里说的是地震，所以选项B符合原文。

（7）forthetimebeing为固定搭配，表示目前。根据原文：目前仍然没有确定的方法能够预测地震。选项A正确。

（8）细节判断题。这里的them指代earthquakes。

（9）辨析题。unaccountable不可理解的；unacceptable不能接受的、unavoidable不能避免的；unperceivable不能察觉的。这里指地震是不易察觉到的事件，选项D符合原文。

（10）辨析题。expectations预期；nightmares噩梦；remnants遗迹；consequence结果。根据原文：如果说地震是无法感知的事件，那么最近伴随地震而来的毁灭性结果都是不准确的。选项D符合句意。

（11）辨析题。subjectto取决于；accessibleto易接近的；availableto可能；opposedto相对。根据句意：震动的影响将取决于检查。选项A符合句意。

（12）辨析题。根据原文：因为地震主要发生在发展中国家，这些国家无法负担建造符合标准的建筑。选项B符合句意。

（13）辨析题。根据句意：滥伐甚至剥夺了居民们受自然保护的程度。选项D符合句意。

（14）辨析题。relieved减轻；settled安置；triggered引发，触发。根据句意：大多数破坏都是由脆弱结构的倒塌引起的。选项D符合原文。

（15）辨析题。breakup打破；breakdown分解；breakout爆发；breakinto破门而入。这里指爆发火灾，选项C正确。

（16）criminals罪犯；followers追随者；believers信徒；victims受害者。根据原文可知这里指地震的受害者，选项D正确。

（17）辨析题。incaseof万一；regardlessof不顾；inthewakeof随之而来的，作为...的结果；insteadof代替。根据原文：大部分的受害者都是在遇到不明白的事情后，由于惊慌失措被踩踏致死的。选项C符合原文。

（18）辨析题。根据原文：假如他们知道该怎么做的话，他们就可以存活下来。survived指幸存，所以选项A符合原文。

（19）don’ttakemuchnotice指不太关注。句意：在东京，人们通常不太关注地震。选项B符合原文。

（20）辨析题。taught教；measured评估；imbued灌输；integrated整合。根据原文可知，这里指日本人长期被灌输地震的预防与教育思想。选项C符合原文。

20.单选题

Landbelongstothecity;thereis（）thingasprivateownershipofland.

问题1选项

A.nosucha

B.notsuch

C.notasuch

D.nosuch

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。thereisnosuchthingas…是习惯用法，意思为“没有…这样的事”。句意：土地归城市所有，没有土地私有这回事。因此，本题的正确选项是D选项。

21.单选题

TheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)istheonlyinternationalorganizationdealingwiththeglobalrulesoftradebetweennations.Itsmainfunctionistoensurethattradeflowsassmoothly,predictablyandfreelyaspossible.

Theresultisassurance.Consumersandproducersknowthattheycanenjoysecuresuppliesandgreaterchoiceofthefinishedproducts,components,rawmaterialsandservicesthattheyuse.Producersandexportersknowthatforeignmarketswillremainopentothem.Theresultisalsoamoreprosperous,peacefulandaccountableeconomicworld.DecisionsintheWTOaretypicallytakenbyconsensusamongallmembercountriesandtheyareapprovedbymembers’parliaments.TradefrictionischanneledintotheWTO’sdisputesettlementprocesswherethefocusisoninterpretingagreementsandcommitments,andhowtoensurethatcountries’tradepoliciesconformwiththem.Thatway,theriskofspitesspillingoverintopoliticalormilitaryconflictisreduced.Byloweringtradebarriers,theWTO’ssystemalsobreaksdownotherbarriersbetweenpeoplesandnations.

Attheheartofthesystem-knownasthemultilateral(多边的)tradingsystem-aretheWTO’sagreements,negotiatedandsignedbyalargemajorityoftheworld’stradingnations,andapprovedintheirparliaments.Theseagreementsarethelegalground-rulesforinternationalcommerce.Essentially,theyarecontracts,guaranteeingmembercountriesimportanttraderights.Theyalsobindgovernmentstokeeptheirtradepolicieswithinagreedlimitstoeverybody’sbenefit.Theagreementswerenegotiatedandsignedbygovernments.Butgoalistoimprovethewelfareofthepeoplesofthemembercountries.

26.Inthelastparagraph,theworld“bind”couldbestbereplacedby（）.

27.Membercountriescanenjoyalltheassuranceexcept（）.

28.Tradeconflictamongmembercountriescanbehandled（）.

29.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueaboutWTOagreements?

30.Theauthorwritesthispassageto（）.

问题1选项

A.restrict

B.connect

C.stick

D.fasten

问题2选项

A.greaterchoiceofrawmaterialandfinishedproducts

B.securityofbuyingandselling

C.foreignmarketentrance

D.greaterchoiceofcomponentsandservices

问题3选项

A.byloweringtradebarriers

B.byavoidingpoliticalormilitaryconflict

C.accordingtoWTO’sdisputesettlement

D.guaranteeingmembercountriesimportanttraderights

问题4选项

A.Theymustbeadoptedbymembercountries.

B.Theymustbeauthorizedbymembers’parliaments.

C.Theymustbenegotiatedandsignedbyalargemajorityoftradingcountries.

D.Theycanensurethatcountries’tradepoliciesconformwithothers’.

问题5选项

A.giveabriefintroductiontoWTO

B.teachpeoplehowtoenterintoWTO

C.showpeopletheadvantageofenteringWTO

D.exemplifytheprosperityWTOwillbringpeople

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】26.词义推测题。定位在文章的最后一段Theyalsobindgovernmentstokeeptheirtradepolicieswithinagreedlimitstoeverybody’sbenefit.（它们还要求各国政府将贸易政策限制在一致同意的范围内，以惠及所有人。）withinagreedlimits在一致同意的范围内，这个范围是特定的，也是有界限的。由此A选项“限制；限定”正确。B选项“连接；联合”，C选项“坚持；伸出”，D选项“扣紧，抓住”均不符合题意，故选A。

27.客观细节题。定位在第二段第二句Consumersandproducersknowthattheycanenjoysecuresuppliesandgreaterchoiceofthefinishedproducts,components,rawmaterialsandservicesthattheyuse.（消费者和生产者知道，他们可以享受安全的供应和对他们使用的成品、部件、原材料和服务有更多的选择。A选项“更多原材料和成品选择”，B选项“买卖的安全性”，D选项“更多组件和服务的选择”都包括在内。C选项“国外市场入口”并未提及，故选C。

28.客观细节题。由关键词conflict“冲突”定位在第二段TradefrictionischanneledintotheWTO’sdisputesettlementprocess（贸易摩擦由世界贸易组织协调解决）说明贸易摩擦是由世贸组织来进行协调解决的。由此可知C选项“根据世贸组织的争端解决机制”正确。A选项“贸易堡垒”，B选项“避免政治或军事冲突”，D选项“保障成员国重要的贸易权利”，A，B，D选项与贸易摩擦无关，故选C。

29.推理判断题。定位在文章第三段的第一句Attheheartofthesystem-knownasthemultilateral(多边的)tradingsystem-aretheWTO’sagreements,negotiatedandsignedbyalargemajorityoftheworld’stradingnations,andapprovedintheirparliaments.（世贸组织的协定是被称为多边贸易体系的制度的核心，世贸组