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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-国际关系学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Sheresortedto(

)whenshehadnomoneytobuyfoodsforherchildren.

问题1选项

A.havestolen

B.steal

C.stole

D.stealing

【答案】D

【解析】句意:当她没钱为孩子买吃的东西吋,她就开始偷。

固定搭配。resortto依靠,求助于。其中to是介词,后接动词时需用-ing形式。

2.单选题

BythetimehearrivesinBeijing,(

)herefortwodays.

问题1选项

A.wehadstayed

B.wewillhavestayed

C.wewouldhavestayed

D.Wehavestayed

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态。句意:在他到北京来的时候,我们将已经来了两天了。bythetime“在……时候”,这里引导的是时间状语,应当遵循主将从现的原则。而从句在这里是一般现在时,所以主句要用一般将来时,所以答案选B。

3.单选题

Itisimperativethatthegovernment()moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.

问题1选项

A.attracts

B.shallattract

C.attract

D.hastoattract

【答案】C

【解析】考查虚拟语气。在itis+表示要求,建议,必要,命令意思的形容词或分词+主语从句的结构中。句子使用虚拟语气。其结构是“should+动词原形”,should可以省略,imperative表示“必要的,不可避免的”。句意:吸引更多的投资到造船业是势在必行的。因此,本题的正确答案是C选项。

4.问答题

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addoword,ordeleteaword.MarkoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovidedontheAnswerSheet.Ifyouchangeaword,underlineitandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertionmark()intherightplaceand-writethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,underlineitandputaslash(/)intheblank.

【答案】1.brand改成brands

2.distinguish改成differ

3.manufacturer改成manufacturer's

4.at改成in

5.much改成little

6.to改成with

7.their改成its

8.unpleasant改成pleasant

9.need改成needs

10.advertised改成advertising

【解析】1.词汇错误—单复数。根据前面的“severaldifferent很多不同的”可知,此处的brand应该是复数名词,故应该是brands“品牌”。

2.搭配错误。distinguishAfromB表示“区分A和B”,但是,此处表示“两者差别不大,两者没有什么不同”,因此,根据搭配应该为:differfrom“与……不同”。

3.语法错误—比较结构平行关系。此处是比较两个“manufacturer’stoothpaste厂商的牙好”,因此,后面的manufacture应该加上“s”的所有格,与前面保持一致,即需要体现比较对象“牙膏”。

4.固定搭配。varyin在…方面变化;在…方面有差异。

5.词汇错误—程度形容词。该处句意为:这些因素使得店家没有太多理由去选择某一种商品。故much应该改成little才符合句意。

6.固定搭配。beconfrontedwith面对。

7.代词错误。主语是“eachmanufacturingcompany”,而后文的代词指的就是“每个生产公司”,故代词应该用单数,即its。

8.词汇错误—形容词。前文谈及两种广告类型,目的是吸引买者或潜在买者,因此,此处应该是用“somethingpleasant愉快的东西”来吸引买者。

9.语法错误—主谓一致。因为该句主语是one,所以,谓语动词应该使用第三人称单数,即needs。

10.词汇误用。advertised是过去分词,而此处是形容词修饰strategy;因此,应该是advertising“广告(业)的”,表示“广告策略”。

5.单选题

Thismicroscope(

)by1,000timesthesampleontheslides.

问题1选项

A.probed

B.abided

C.magnified

D.specified

【答案】C

【解析】probe探查,调查;abide持续,忍受;magnified放大;specify详细说明。句意:显微镜把放在幻灯片上的样品放大了1000倍。选项C符合句意。

6.单选题

2.Atfirst,thespeakerwasreferringtotheproblemofpollutioninthecountry,buthalfwayinherspeech,shesuddenly|(

)toanothersubject.

问题1选项

A.committed

B.switched

C.favored

D.transmitted

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。committo…“致力于…”;switchto…“转换到...”;transmitto...“传送到……”;favor不与tosth.搭配使用。句意:最开始演讲者讲述的是有关该国家环境污染的问题,但她演讲到一半就突然转到别的话题上去了。根据but和anothersubject“别的话题”可知,B项符合题意。故答案选B。

7.翻译题

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.

TheAmericandefinitionofsuccessislargelyoneofacquiringwealthandahighmaterialstandardofliving.Itisnotsurprising,therefore,thatAmericansvalueeducationforitsmonetaryvalue.ThebeliefiswidespreadintheUnitedStatesthatthemoreschoolingpeoplehave,themoremoneytheywillearnwhentheyleaveschool.

(1)Thebeliefisstrongestregardingthedesirabilityofanundergraduateuniversitydegree,oraprofessionaldegree,suchasmedicineorlaw,followingtheundergraduatedegree.Themonetaryvalueofgraduatedegreesin"nonprofessional"fieldssuchasart,history,orphilosophyisnotasgreat.

InrecentyearstherehasbeenachangeinthejobmarketintheUnitedStates.(2)

Inthepast,itwaspossibletogetahigh-payingfactoryjobwithoutacollegeeducation;workerswithskillslearnedinvocationalschoolsoronthejobcoulddoworkthatdidnotrequireacollegeeducation.Thesewereamongthejobsthatnewimmigrantswereoftenabletoobtain.Increasingly,however,theadventofnewtechnologieshasmeantthatmoreandmoreeducationisrequiredtodothework.(3)

ManyofthenewjobsintheUnitedStateseitherrequireacollegeeducation,evenagraduatedegreeortheyarelow-payingjobsintheservicesectoroftheeconomy_—suchasinfast-foodrestaurants,smallstores,andhotels.Additionally,manyjobsarebeingoutsourcedtocountrieswheresalariesaremuchlower.(4)

Thisistrueofbothhigher-payingtechnicaljobsandlower-payingjobsrequiringlimitedskills.Becauseoftheimportanceofhighereducation,manyadultscombineworkingwithtakingclassesatacollege.Manypublicandprivatecollegesanduniversitiesaremakingiteasierforstudentstotakeclassesthroughdistancelearning,usingtheInternettoprovidematerialsandlecturesaswellastoengagestudentsindiscussion.(5)

Somestudentswhoarelivingoncampusorcommutingtoclassestakeatleastpartoftheircourseworkbydistance,butitisalsopossibleforastudenttoobtainbothundergraduateandgraduatedegreeswithouteverbeingonacollegecampus.

【答案】1.有一种观点强烈地认为大学本科学位或继大学本科学位之后的专业学位(诸如医学和法律)是值得向往的。

2.在过去,没有大学学历的情况下得到一份高薪的工厂工作是可能的;从职业学校或工作上学得技巧的工人们可以做不需要大学学历的工作。

3.在美国很多新工作要么要求大专学历甚至研究生学历,要么它们是经济服务业里(诸如快餐店,小商店和旅馆)的底薪工作。

4.较高薪酬的技术工作和需要有限技能的较低薪资的工作都的确如此。

5.住校或通勤来上课的一些学生通过远程学习来完成至少部分课程,不过一个学生在从不在大学校园的情况下也可能获得本科学位和研究生学位。

8.单选题

Theearthquakeof26thDecember,2004resultedinoneoftheworstnaturaldisastersinlivingmemory.Itwasa(1)underwaterquakeandoccurredintheIndianOcean.It(2)coastlines,communitiesandbroughtdeathtoomanypeople.

Whydoearthquakeshappen?

Thesurfaceoftheearthhasnotalwayslookedasitdoestoday;itismoving(3)(althoughveryslowly)andhasdonesoforbillionsofyears.Thisisone

(4)

ofearthquakes,whenonesectionoftheearth(tectonicplate)

(5)

another.Scientistscanpredictwherebutnot

(6)thismighthappenandtheareabetweenplatesiscalledafaultline.OnonefaultlineinKobe,Japanin1923over200,000peoplewerekilled.

(7)

,earthquakesdonotalwayshappenonfaultlines,

(8)iswhytheyaresodangerousand

(9)

.

Wheredovolcanoeshappen?

Volcanoeshappenwheretheearth’s

(10)

isthin:lava,dustandgases(11)frombeneaththeearth.Theycanriseintoahugeconeshapelikeamountainanderupt,

(12)theycanbesoviolent

(13)

theyjustexplodedirectlyfromtheearthwithnowarning.Thereare1,511(14)volcanoesintheworld.Thismeansthattheymay

(15)BEDANGEROUS.In1985theColombianvolcanoNevadoDelRuizerupted.Thelavameltedaglacierandsenttonesofmud

(16)thetownbelow.Twentythousandpeopledied.

Naturaldisasterslikevolcaniceruptionsarcoftenunpredictable.Weregularlydonotknowwhenthey

(17)happen,or

(18)wheretheywillhappen.Inthefuture,scientistsmaybeabletowatchandpredict

(19)beforetheyhappen.Thiscould(20)manylives.

问题1选项

A.massive

B.significant

C.great

D.grand

问题2选项

A.changed

B.converted

C.destroyed

D.transformed

问题3选项

A.frequently

B.periodically

C.regularly

D.continuously

问题4选项

A.source

B.cause

C.movement

D.reason

问题5选项

A.collideswith

B.confrontswith

C.meetswith

D.faceswith

问题6选项

A.how

B.why

C.when

D.what

问题7选项

A.Generally

B.However

C.Similarly

D.Anyway

问题8选项

A.which

B.it

C.this

D.that

问题9选项

A.irresistible

B.inevitable

C.unaccountable

D.unpredictable

问题10选项

A.surface

B.appearance

C.crust

D.cover

问题11选项

A.burstout

B.flowedout

C.leakedout

D.trickledout

问题12选项

A.and

B.or

C.nor

D.but

问题13选项

A.like

B.for

C.as

D.that

问题14选项

A.living

B.alive

C.active

D.live

问题15选项

A.relatively

B.still

C.hardly

D.gradually

问题16选项

A.beyond

B.on

C.across

D.down

问题17选项

A.might

B.should

C.must

D.areto

问题18选项

A.though

B.whether

C.even

D.else

问题19选项

A.accidents

B.incidents

C.occasions

D.events

问题20选项

A.rescue

B.save

C.preserve

D.shelter

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:C

第7题:B

第8题:A

第9题:D

第10题:C

第11题:A

第12题:B

第13题:D

第14题:C

第15题:B

第16题:D

第17题:A

第18题:C

第19题:D

第20题:B

【解析】(1)形容词词义辨析。A选项massive“大而重的,巨大的”;B选项significant“重要的,暗示的,有含义的”;C选项great“大的,巨大的,非常的,很多的”;D选项grand“壮观的,神气活现的,显赫的”,根据句意可知这里是指“严重的灾难”,A选项正确。

(2)动词词义辨析。A选项change“改变”;B选项convert“改变(某事物)的形式或用途”;C选项destroy“摧毁,毁坏”;D选项transform“完全改变某物外观或特性”,本句句意为‘地震毁坏了海岸线、社区,给太多人带来了死亡’。根据句意可知这里强调“摧毁,毁坏”,C选项正确。

(3)副词词义辨析。A选项frequently“频繁地,屡次,时常”;B选项periodically“周期性地,偶尔,定期地”,C选项regularly“有规律地,经常地,习惯性地,定期地,整齐地,均匀地”;D选项continuously“连续不断地,接连地”,句意‘地球表面一直以来都在“持续”运动,’D选项符合句意。

(4)名词词义辨析。A选项source“来源,根源”;B选项cause“原因,导致某事物发生的事物、人等”;C选项movement“运动”;D选项reason“理由,动机”,根据句意“地球表面的持续运动是导致地震的原因”,表示发生的客观起因应该用cause,B选项正确。

(5)动词短语词义辨析。A选项collidewith“(指运动中的物体或人)猛撞某物或互撞”;B选项confrontwith“使某人面对或正视令人不快、令人头疼等的人/事物”;C选项meetwith“碰见(某人),相逢;D选项"facewith“面对或面向某人/某事物”,由常识和句意‘地震是地壳的不同板块“碰撞”所造成的,’A选项正确。

(6)疑问词词义辨析。A选项how“如何,多少,怎样”;B选项why“为什么”;C选项when“何时,什么时候”;D选项what“什么”,由句意和语境‘科学家已经能分析出地震的原因和预测其发生的地点,只有时间无法确认。’C选项正确。

(7)副词词义辨析。A选项generally“普遍地,一般来说”;B选项however“然而,不过,可是”;C选项similarly“同样地,类似于”;D选项anyway“总之,无论如何”,此处与前一句形成转折,说明地震不一定都发生在断裂带,因此地震很危险且难以预测。所以填表示转折意思的副词,B选项However更符合语境。

(8)非限制性定语从句的用法。句意为“然而,地震并不总发生在断层线上,这就是为什么它们非常危险而且不可预测。”分析句子可知这是个为非限制性定语从句,先行词指代前面的整句话,用which来引导非限制性定语从句,A选项正确。

(9)形容词词义辨析。A选项irresistible“不可抵抗的”;B选项inevitable“不可避免的”;C选项unaccountable“无法解释的,难以说明的”;D选项unpredictable“无法预料的,不可预知的”,句意‘地震的不可预测大大増加它的危险性’,下文中也提到了这个词。D选项正确。

(10)名词词义辨析。A选项surface“表面,表层”;B选项appearance“外貌,外观”;C选项crust“地壳,外壳”;D选项cover“封面,遮掩物”,句意为“火山发生在地壳很薄弱的地方”。这里earth’scrust指的是“地壳”,C选项符合题意。

(11)动词短语辨析。A选项burstout“爆炸,胀破,爆破”;B选项flowout“外流”;C选项leakout“(指情报)泄露,透露”;D选项trickleout“(使某物)成小股流动”,句意为“岩浆、灰尘和气体从地底下喷发出来”,A选项表示爆发出来,正确。

(12)连词词义辨析。A选项and表示并列和顺承关系;B选项or表示选择或“否则”的意思;C选项nor不是;D选项but表示转折关系的连词,本句句意为“它们可以上升到像一座山一样的一个巨大的锥形形状并喷出,或者它们可以非常猛烈以至于毫无预警地直接在地球上爆炸”。分析句子可知,这里是描述火山喷发的两种不同的状态和表现,B选项正确。

(13)so...that...句型的用法。根据句意“它们可以上升到像一座山一样的一个巨大的锥形形状并喷出,或者它们可以非常猛烈以至于毫无预警地直接在地球上爆炸。”可知本句考查S0+形容词+that从句表示“如此……以至于……”,D选项正确。

(14)形容词词义和用法辨析。A选项living当形容词讲意为“活的,现存的,活跃的,逼真的”;B选项alive作形容词意为“活着的,活泼的,有生气的”;C选项active意为“积极的,活跃的,主动的,有效的”;D选项live作形容词意为“活的,生动的,实况转播的,精力充沛的”,句意为“现在世界上有1511座活火山”。这里强调活火山activevolcano,C选项正确。

(15)副词词义辨析。A选项relatively“相对地,比较而言,相当地”;B选项still“还,更,仍”;C选项hardly“几乎不”;D选项gradually“逐步地,渐渐地”,句意为“这就意味着这些火山仍然有喷发的危险。”B选项表示“仍然,还是”正确。

(16)介词词义辨析。A选项beyond意为“超过,越过,那一边,在……较远的一边”;B选项on意为“在……上面,指表面接触”;C选项across表示“从表面穿过”;D选项down表示“沿着”,本句句意为“火山喷发的岩浆使冰川融化,将数吨泥土冲到山下的城镇”。根据句意可知这里强调“沿着”,D选项正确。

(17)情态动词词义辨析。A选项might“可能,也许”,表示推测时语气较委婉;B选项should表示“应该”;C选项must语气较为强烈,表示“必须”;D选项areto表示“打算做”,句意为“自然灾害有可能发生,只是人们并不知道什么时候会发生”。A选项表示语气委婉正确。

(18)even的用法辨析。根据语境可知句意为“我们通常不知道这些自然灾害什么时候可能会发生,甚至不知道它们会在哪里发生。后半句的or部分加深程度;A选项though为引导让步状语从局的连词;B选项whether表示“是否”;C选项even强调程度上的更进一步;D选项else表示“其他的”。根据句意可知C选项正确。

(19)名词词义辨析。A选项accidents“事故”;B选项incidents“事情,发生的事”;C选项occasions“场合,时机”;D选项events“活动,事情”,句意为“科学家们或许能够在事件发生之前观察和预测到”,events此处可泛指所有自然灾害活动,D选项正确。

(20)动词词义辨析。A选项rescue“援救”;B选项save“挽救”;C选项preserve“保护,维护(某事物)”;D选项shelter“遮蔽,庇护”,句意为“在将来,科学们也许能够在自然灾害发生之前观察和预测它们的活动。这将会拯救很多生命”,B选项“挽救”正确。

9.单选题

Atthreethousandfeet,wideplainsbegintoappear,andthereisneveramomentwhensomedistantmountainisnot(

).

问题1选项

A.onview

B.ataglance

C.onthescene

D.insight

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项onview“在展出,陈列着”;B选项ataglance“立刻,一眼就”;C选项onthescene“在场,出现,到场”;D选项insight“看得见,在视野内”。分析“somedistantmountainisnot______”可知空格处的内容作表语,说明主语somedistantmountain(远处的山脉),结合句意,可知D选项符合语境。句意:在三千英尺的地方,宽阔的平原开始出现了,而且时刻可以看得见远处的山脉。

10.单选题

Andthetopic“fat”isforbidden.Eventheslightestpaunchbetraysthatoneislosingthetrimand(

)ofyouth.

问题1选项

A.vague

B.vigor

C.vogue

D.vulgar

【答案】B

【解析】考查形似词辨析。vague“模糊的;含糊的”,形容词;vigor“活力;精力”,名词;vogue“时尚;流行”,名词;vulgar“粗俗的;通俗的”,形容词。句意:“肥胖”的话题被禁止了。即使是稍微隆起的小肚子都暴露出他正失去青春活力。选项B符合题意。

11.单选题

Hehasabadimpressionofhis______intheoffice.

问题1选项

A.barbers

B.audience

C.colleagues

D.bullets

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查定语从句。A选项barbers“理发师;理发店”;B选项audience“观众;听众;读者”;C选项colleagues“同事”;D选项bullets“子弹”。句意:他对办公室里的______印象很差。根据语境,办公室里的是同事,C选项colleagues“同事”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

12.单选题

Themajorityofsuccessfulseniormanagersdonotcloselyfollowtheclassicalrationalmodeloffirstclarifyinggoals,assessingtheproblem,formulatingoptions,estimatinglikelihoodsofsuccess,makingadecision,andonlythentakingactiontoimplementthedecision.Rather,intheirday-by-daytacticalmaneuvers,theseseniorexecutivesrelyonwhatisvaguelytermedintuitiontomanageanetworkofinterrelatedproblemsthatrequirethemtodealwithambiguity,inconsistency,novelty,andsurprise;andtointegrateactionintotheprocessofthinking.Generationsofwritersonmanagementhaverecognizedthatsomepracticingmangersrelyheavilyonintuition.Ingeneral,however,suchwritersdisplayapoorgraspofwhatintuitionis.Someseeitastheoppositeofrationality;othersviewitasanexcuseforcapriciousness.

Isenberg'srecentresearchonthecognitiveprocessesofseniormanagersrevealsthatmanagers’intuitionisneitherofthese.Rather,seniormanagersuseintuitioninatleastfivedistinctways.First,theyintuitivelysensewhenaproblemexists.Second,managersrelyonintuitiontoperformwell-learnedbehaviorpatternsrapidly.Thisintuitionisnotarbitraryorirrational,butisbasedonyearsofpainstakingpracticeandhands-onexperiencethatbuildskills.Athirdfunctionofintuitionistosynthesizeisolatedbitsofdataandpracticeintoanintegratedpicture,ofteninanAha!experience.Fourth,somemanagersuseintuitionasacheckontheresultsofmorerationalanalysis.Mostseniorexecutivesarefamiliarwiththeformaldecisionanalysismodelsandtools,andthosewhousesuchsystematicmethodsforreachingdecisionsareoccasionallyleeryofsolutionssuggestedbythesemethodswhichruncountertotheirsenseofthecorrectcourseofaction.Finally,managerscanuseintuitiontobypassin-depthanalysisandmoverapidlytoengenderaplausiblesolution.Usedinthisway,intuitionisanalmostinstantaneouscognitiveprocessinwhichamanagerrecognizesfamiliarpatterns.

Oneoftheimplicationsoftheintuitivestyleofexecutivemanagementisthatthinkingisinseparablefromacting.Sincemanagersoftenknowwhatisrightbeforetheycananalyzeandexplainit,theyfrequentlyactfirstandexplainlater.Analysisisinextricablytiedtoactioninthinking/actingcycles,inwhichmanagersdevelopthoughtsabouttheircompaniesandorganizationsnotbyanalyzingaproblematicsituationandthenacting,butbyactingandanalyzingincloseconcert.

Giventhegreatuncertaintyofmanyofthemanagementissuesthattheyface,seniormanagersofteninstigateacourseofactionsimplytolearnmoreaboutanissue.Theythenusetheresultsoftheactiontodevelopamorecompleteunderstandingoftheissue.Oneimplicationofthinking/actingcyclesisthatactionisoftenpartofdefiningtheproblem,notjustofimplementingthesolution.

1.Accordingtothetext,seniormanagersuseintuitioninallofthefollowingwaysexceptto(

).

2.Thetextsuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutthewritersonmanagementmentionedinline1,paragraph2?

3.ItcanbereferredfromthetextthatwhichofthefollowingwouldmostprobablybeonemajordifferenceinbehaviorbetweenManagerX,whousesintuitiontoreachdecisions,andManagerY,whousesonlyformaldecisionanalysis?

4.Thetextprovidessupportforwhichofthefollowingstatements?

5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraphofthetext?

问题1选项

A.speedupofthecreationofasolutiontoaproblem.

B.identifyaproblem.

C.bringtogetherdisparatefacts.

D.stipulatecleargoals.

问题2选项

A.Theyhavecriticizedmanagersfornotfollowingtheclassicalrationalmodelofdecisionanalysis.

B.Theyhavenotbasedtheiranalysesonasufficientlylargesampleofactualmanagers.

C.Theyhavereliedindrawingtheirconclusionsonwhatmanagerssayratherthanonwhatmanagersdo.

D.Theyhavemisunderstoodhowmanagersuseintuitioninmakingbusinessdecisions.

问题3选项

A.ManagerXanalyzesfirstandthenacts;ManagerYdoesnot.

B.ManagerXcheckspossiblesolutionstoaproblembysystematicanalysis;ManagerYdoesnot.

C.ManagerXtakesactioninordertoarriveatthesolutiontoaproblem;ManagerYdoesnot.

D.ManagerYdrawsonyearsofhands-onexperienceincreatingasolutiontoaproblemsManagerXdoesnot.

问题4选项

A.Managerswhorelyonintuitionaremoresuccessfulthanthosewhorelyonformaldecisionanalysis.

B.Managerscannotjustifytheirintuitivedecisions.

C.Managers’intuitionwinkscontrarytotheirrationalandanalyticalskills.

D.Intuitionenablesmanagerstoemploytheirpracticalexperiencemoreefficiently.

问题5选项

A.Anassertionisnudeandaspecificsupportingexampleisgiven.

B.Aconventionalmodelisdismissedandanalternativeintroduced.

C.Theresultsofrecentresearchareintroducedandsummarized.

D.Twoopposingpointsofviewarepresentedandevaluated.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.文章第二段提到高级经理们有五种方式来使用直觉:1.他们直觉得感到有问题存在;2.他们依靠直觉迅速做出训练有素的行为模式;3.利用直觉来对图片进行加工,对碎片信息进行整合;4.使用直觉来进行理性分析;5.使用直觉来避开深入的分析并立即想出一个可行的方案。选项A符合第五点,选项B符合第一点,选项C符合第三点。因此,选项D符合题意。

2.文章第二段第一句Isenberg'srecentresearchonthecognitiveprocessesofseniormanagersrevealsthatmanagers’intuitionisneitherofthese提到Isenberg调查发现经理们依赖于直觉既不是理性的对立面,也不是反复无常的借口。所以选项D“这些作者误解了在做商业决定时经理们如何使用直觉”符合题意。

3.本题的题干是假设经理X使用直觉做决定,而经理Y使用正式的分析,他们最大的不同是下列哪个选项。文章倒数第二段提到直觉型经理认为思考与形容不可分割(Oneoftheimplicationsoftheintuitivestyleofexecutivemanagementisthatthinkingisinseparablefromacting)。文章最后一句提到行为只是确定问题,而不是实施方案,因此选项C符合题意。

4.文章提到直觉型的经理们认为想和做不可分割,高级经理们总是在不同的实际案例中学习更多解决问题的方法,然后利用这些实践得来的方法对问题进行更深入的了解(seniormanagersofteninstigateacourseofactionsimplytolearnmoreaboutanissue.Theythenusetheresultsoftheactiontodevelopamorecompleteunderstandingoftheissue),选项D符合题意。

5.文章第一段提到很多高级职业经理人不按照传统模式而依靠直觉(Themajorityofsuccessfulseniormanagersdonotcloselyfollowtheclassicalrationalmodelof…Rather,intheirday-by-daytacticalmaneuvers,theseseniorexecutivesrelyonwhatisvaguelytermedintuitionto),选项B符合题意。

13.单选题

Wouldsuchadealfly?OnesourceclosetoHouseRepublicanstellsme:“Ithinkthey’dtakeit;they’reholdingnocardsatthemoment…Thecappingofdeductionswouldbeverymagnanimousandagoodwaytolaythegroundworkfornegotiatingrealtaxreform.”

问题1选项

A.magnificent

B.benevolent

C.prodigious

D.favoring

【答案】B

【解析】考查同义形容词辨析。A选项magnificent“高尚的,壮丽的,华丽的,宏伟的”;B选项benevolent“仁慈的,慈善的,亲切的”;C选项prodigious“惊人的,异常的,奇妙的,巨大的”;D选项favoring“有帮助的”。句意:这样的交易会成功吗?一位亲近众议院共和党人的消息人士告诉我:“我认为他们会接受”,他说:“他们现在手头没有任何筹码……对税收减免设定上限将是非常宽宏大量的,这是为谈判真正的税收改革奠定基础的好办法。”Magnanimous“宽宏大量的,有雅量的,宽大的”,B选项与该词意思最相近,因此B选项正确。

14.单选题

It’sour______ifthecarisdamaged,wemustpay.

问题1选项

A.capacity

B.capability

C.cavity

D.liability

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项capacity“能力,容量”,B项capability“才能”,C项cavity“腔,洞,凹处”,D项liability“责任,债务”。根据句子后半部分的意思“如果汽车损坏了,我们必须赔偿”可知,空格处填入“责任”符合句意。句意:汽车损坏是我们的责任,我们必须赔偿。因此,该题选择D项正确。

15.单选题

Greenspacefacilitiesarecontributingtoanimportantextenttothequalityoftheurbanenvironment.Fortunatelyitisnolongernecessarythateverylectureeverybookaboutthissubjecthastostartwiththeproofofthisidea.Atpresentitisgenerallyaccepted,althoughmoreasaself-evidentstatementthanonthebaseofaclosely-reasonedscientificproof.Therecognitionoftheimportanceofgreenspacesintheurbanenvironmentisafirststepontherightway,thisdoesnotmean,however,thatsufficientdetailsareknownaboutthefunctionsofgreenspacesintownsandaboutthewayinwhichtheinhabitantsareusingthesespaces.AstothisrathercomplexsubjectIshall,withinthescopeofthislecture,enterintooneaspectonly,namelytherecreativefunctionofgreenspacefacilities.

Thetheoreticalseparationofliving,working,trafficandrecreationwhichformanyyearshasbeenusedintown-and-countryplanning,hasinmyopinionresultedindisproportionateattentionforformsofrecreationfarfromhome,whereastherewasrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesinthedirectneighborhoodofthehome.Wehavecometotheconclusionthatthisisnotright,becauseanimportantpartofthetimewhichwedonotpassinsleepingorworking,isusedforactivitiesatandaroundhome.Soitisobviousthatrecreationintheopenairhastobeginatthestreet-doorofthehouse.Theurbanenvironmenthastoofferasmanyrecreationactivitiesaspossible,andthedesignofthesehastobesuchthatmoreobligatoryactivitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect.

Theverybeststandardoflivingisnothingifitisnotpossibletotakeapleasantwalkinthedistrict,ifthechildrencannotbeallowedtoplayinthestreets,becausetherisksoftrafficaretoogreat,ifduringshoppingyoucannowherefindaspotforenjoyingforamomenttheniceweather,inshort,ifyouonlyfeelyourselfathomeafterthestreet-doorofyourhouseisclosedafteryou.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,theimportanceofgreenspacesintheurbanenvironment

2.Thetheoreticalseparationofliving,working,trafficandrecreationhasledto(

).

3.Theauthorsuggeststhattherecreativepossibilitiesofgreenspaceshouldbeprovided

4.Accordingtotheauthor,greenspacefacilitiesshouldbedesignedinsuchawaythat

5.Themainideaofthispassageisthat(

).

问题1选项

A.isstillunknown

B.hasbeenfullyrecognized

C.isbeingcloselystudied

D.isusuallyneglected

问题2选项

A.thedisproportionofrecreationfacilitiesintheneighbourhood

B.theimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesintheneighbourhood

C.relativelylittleattentionforrecreativepossibilities

D.thelocationofrecreationfacilitiesfarfromhome

问题3选项

A.intheneighbourhoodofthehouse

B.inthesuburbs

C.inspecialareas

D.ingardensandparks

问题4选项

A.anincreasingnumberofrecreativeactivitiesmightbedeveloped

B.moreandmorepeoplemighthaveaccesstothem

C.moreobligatoryactivitiesmighttakeonarecreativeaspect

D.recreativeactivitiesmightbebroughtintoourhomes

问题5选项

A.attentionmustbedirectedtotheimprovementofrecreativepossibilities

B.betteruseofgreenspacefacilitiesshouldbemadesoastoimprovethequalityofourlife

C.theurbanenvironmentisprovidingmorerecreationactivitiesthanitdidmanyyearsago

D.prioritymustbegiventothedevelopmentofobligatoryactivities

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.文章第一段atpresentitisgenerallyaccepted提到关于城市绿地的功能已经被广泛接受,所以选项B符合题意。

2.文章第二段提到这种理论区分造成了对远离家庭的休闲形式的失衡的关注,和对于生活区域附近的休闲场所发展的忽略(disproportionateattentionforformsofrecreationfarfromhome,whereastherewasrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesinthedirectneighbourhoodofthehome),由此得出这种区分导致人们把休闲设施的重点放在离家远的区域,所以选项D符合题意。

3.文章第二段soitisobviousthatrecreationintheopenairhastobeginatthestreet-doorofthehouse提到休闲设施应该先从离家近的地方开始,所以选项A符合题意。

4.文章第二段提到thedesignofthesehastobesuchthatmoreobligatoryactivitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect,选项C符合题意。

5.文章主要讲述了如何更好地利用小区的绿地空间来增加城市居民的生活质量,选项B符合题意。

16.单选题

Thesaleofalcoholicbeveragesis()tothoseabove21insomeregions.

问题1选项

A.confined

B.Inhibited

C.obliged

D.restricted

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项confine“限制”,B项inhibit“禁止”,C项oblige“要求,约束”,obligeto表示“不得不”;D项restrict“限制”,restrictto表示“限制在……”。句意:在某些地区,酒精饮料只能出售给21岁以上的人。因此D项正确。

17.填空题

Familiescomeinmanyshapesandsizes.Whodoyouincludewhenyoutalkabout“yourfamily”?Yourfamilymightbethefamilyyouwerebornintoorthefamilyyouhavecreatedwithyourpartner.Youmightincludejustyourpartner,orfamiliesoneorbothofyoubringfrompreviousrelationships.Youmightlivewithpeopleyouregardasfamilyeventhoughtheyarenotbloodrelatives.Thepossibilitiesaremany.

Familiesmaybebasedondifferentkindsofadultrelationshipsbutthethingtheyhaveincommonisthattheyprovideasenseofbelonging.Theygiveidentityandprovidesupportandsecurity.Yourfamilyismadeupofthepeopleyoucareaboutandthepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Youmightalsowanttoincludeanyclosefriendsthatyouhaveafamily-likerelationshipwith,peopleyoucanrelyonandtrust.Theserelationshipsmightbethepeopleyoulooktowhenyourextendedfamilyliveelsewhereorarenotavailabletogiveyouactivesupport.

Havingaconceptofyourfamilythatgoesbeyondmum,dadandthekidsisalsoimportantwhenadultrelationshipsbreakup.Whenparentsseparate,childrenoftenfindsecurityinwideranddifferentfamilyconnections.Oftenthesetakeindifferentgenerationsandwidercirclesoffriends.

Theword“family”canmeandifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Butnomatterhowourfamiliesaremadeup.Mostsharesomecommonvalues.It'sworththinkingaboutwhattheseare.Whenwestartthinkingvaluesoffamilies,it'slikelythatmostfamilieswillcomeupwithafairlycommonsetofprinciples.Forinstance,mostwouldsaythesupportoneanother,trustoneanother,careforeachotherwhenthingsgettough,sharetheirresourcesandmakesureeveryoneinthefamilyissafe.

It'simportanttotalkaboutwhatbindsustogetherbecausethisishowchildrenlearnabouthowtotreatothers.Whattheylearnathomeaboutrespectingandcaringforothers,andtakingresponsibility,feedsintotheirrelationshipsatschool,onthesportsfield,atworkandeventually,intotheirownfamiliesasadults.

Sometimesparentshaven'thadtheopportunitytothinkaboutthesesortsofthings.Ortheyhavebeenraisedinfamiliesthatwerenotsafe,wheretheywereabused,hurtornotrespected.However,it'spossibletobreakthiscycle.Wecanchoosetobuildfamiliesthataredifferentfromtheoneswegrewupin.

Forinstance,therearelotsofthingswecandotomakeourfamiliesworkwell.Wecanlearnhowtocommunicatesothatourmessagesandfeelingsareunderstoodandweunderstandhowotherpeoplearefeelingandwhattheyaretryingtotellus.

Wecanalsolearnhowtoresolveconflictinsafewaysthatstrengthenourrelationshipsandreinforceourvalues.Conflictisaninevitable,naturalandhealthypartoffamilylife.Nomatterhowclosewearetosomeonewewillfinddifferences,andsomeofthesewillbeirritatingtous.Butonceweunderstandtheotherperson'spointofviewourrelationshipwiththemwillimprove.Andwecanlearnhowtomakedecisionsandplanaheadasafamily.Reg

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