考研考博-英语-大兴安岭职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-大兴安岭职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Herstrengthwasherabilityto（

）andinspireconfidenceratherthanfearinthepeopleshebefriended.

问题1选项

A.uncover

B.obtain

C.elicit

D.produce

【答案】C

【解析】考察动词辨析。uncover揭开，揭露；obtain:获得；elicit引起，引发；produce生产，产生。句意：她的优点是她有能力引发、鼓励朋友的信心而不是恐惧。选项C符合句意。

2.单选题

TheQueen’svisittoChinawaslargely（

）.Butitendedanunhappychapterintherelationship.

问题1选项

A.synthetic

B.representative

C.international

D.symbolic

【答案】D

【解析】句意:女王访问中国在很大程度上是象征性的，但它却导致双方的关系出现了不愉快的篇章。

考查形容词辨析。Synthetic合成的,人造的,综合的;representative代表的,典型的;international国际的,世界性的;symbolic象征的。But表转折,可知前后句子应该为对比或相反,因此D符合句意。

3.单选题

Developingapeaceful,understanding,andsupportiverelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenisnotaneasytask.Failurescananddooccuratanyagelevel,andattimestheresultsarctheabuse,neglect,andevendeathofchildren.

Childabusehasbecomeamajortopicinchilddevelopmentandanissueofmuchnationalconcern.Inthespanoffourlegislativeyears,1963-1967,allfiftystatesenactedlawscallingforthereportingofinjuriesinflictedonchildren.By1973,theUnitedStatesCongresspassedtheChildAbusePreventionandTreatmentAct(PublicLaw93-247).Thislawnotonlyreflectedthemoodofconcernedcitizens,butitalsodidmuchtoclearuptheconfusionanddisagreementoverwhatischildabuse.

Thequestion"whatcauseschildabuse?"haspromptedmuchdebate.ThesinglemostpersistentmythwhichhadplaguedeffortstounderstandcausesisthenotionthatparentswhoabusechildrenarementallydisturbedorilkAlthoughthereisnospecificpsychiatricdiagnosiswhichcomprisesthebehaviorandpersonalitiesofabuser,theyseemtoshareacommonstyleofchildrearing.Thoseparentsdemandhighlevelsofchildperformanceandtheyoftenuseseverephysicalpunishmenttoensurethechild'sproperbehavior.Abusiveparentsthemselveswereraisedinsimilarfamilysituationsandtheirownchildhoodexperiencehasalastinginfluenceontheirbehaviorasadults.

Currentresearchhassuggested,however,thatthe"abuserissick"hypothesisistoolimiteD.Abroadersocial,psychologicalapproachrecognizesthatsomepersonalproblemsareimplicitbutthatpsychologicalfactorsariseoutofasocialcontext.Socialfactorsincludeunemployment,socialisolation,andunwantedpregnancy.Moreover,findingsthatabuseoccursmorefrequentlyinlargerfamiliesandfamilieswithlowincome,pooreducation,andlowoccupationalstatussuggestthatmanysuchparentscannotwithstandthetwenty-four-hour-a-dayresponsibilitytoraiseandcarefortheirchildren.Theseproblemsaggravatethesituation,especiallywhencombinedwiththegeneralapprovalinourcultureofviolence.

1.Thisselectionsuggeststhatchildabuseis（）.

2.Wecanknowfromthesecondparagraphthatthelawpassedby1973（）.

3.Thepersonwhoisleastlikelytobeachild-abusingparentistheonewho（）.

4.Whichoneofthefollowingismostprobablyacauseofchildabuse?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistheauthormostlikelytoagreewith?

问题1选项

A.agrowingproblemwhosecausesarenotfullyunderstood

B.causedprimarilybythementalillnessofparents

C.aproblemintheUnitedStates,butagreateroneinEurope

D.easilydeterminedbecauseofrecentpubliclaws

问题2选项

A.receivedlittleattentionfromthepublic

B.wascondemnedbyabusiveparents

C.wasaimedtoexpandwelfareprogramsoftheUnitedSlates

D.helpedmuchinclarifyingtheproblem

问题3选项

A.wasraisedinabusivefamilysituationshimself

B.createsapeacefulandsupportivefamilyenvironmentforhischildren

C.isunemployedorsociallyisolated

D.ismentallyill

问题4选项

A.Toohighanincomeoftheparents

B.Unemploymentoftheparents

C.Poorhealthofthechild

D.Peculiarpersonalitiesofthechild

问题5选项

A.ViolenceonTVmaycontributetochildabuse.

B.Medicaldoctorsarelargelytoblameforunreportedcasesofchildabuse.

C.Themediashouldnotdescribethedetailsofchildabusecases.

D.Violenceinoursocietyisacceptableunlesschildrenarevictims.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.结合全文内容可知，文章首先提出虐待儿童的这个问题变得日益严重，但后面两段就其原因进行分析，没有给出一个确切的答案，所以选项A正确。

2.根据第二段的最后一句“Thislawnotonlyreflectedthemoodofconcernedcitizens,butitalsodidmuchtoclearuptheconfusionanddisagreementoverwhatischildabuse.”这项法律不仅反映了有关公民的情绪，而且为消除关于什么是虐待儿童而产生的困惑和分歧作出了很大的努力。也就是说，帮忙澄清了什么是虐待儿童的问题，所以选项D正确。

3.根据第三段的内容可知，虐待儿童的父母可能患有精神疾病或者自己本身也是在被虐待的家庭环境中长大，所以才会有虐待儿童的行为，首先排除选项A和D；根据第四段的内容可知，社会因素包括失业、社会孤立等也有可能导致父母有虐待儿童的倾向，所以选项C也不正确；选项B为孩子创造一个和平和支持的家庭环境的父母是最不可能虐待儿童的。选项B正确。

4.根据上一题可知，选项中最容易造成儿童虐待的应该是失业的父母，所以选项B正确。

5.选项A中的影视暴力在文中没有提及；选项B没有报道出来的儿童虐待案和医生没什么关系，所以错误；选项C在文中没有涉及；根据最后一段的最后一句“Theseproblemsaggravatethesituation,especiallywhencombinedwiththegeneralapprovalinourcultureofviolence.”这些问题加剧了局势，特别是在我们的暴力文化中普遍赞同暴力的情况下。由此可推断，暴力是可以被接受，只要不发生在孩子们身上，所以选项D符合原文。

4.单选题

Hislicensehasbeen____owingtohisdrunkendriving.

问题1选项

A.demanded

B.charged

C.suspended

D.recognized

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.demanded要求；需要B.charged要价；收费；指控；冲

C.suspended暂停；使暂停使用D.recognized承认；意识到

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】空格部分的语义为“他的驾照被____”，后文提到“因为他酒驾”，根据句意可推断，他因为酒后驾驶，被吊销了驾照。因此，C选项suspended“暂停；使暂停使用”符合原句语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】因为酒后驾驶，他的驾照被吊销了。

5.单选题

Thepoorgirlspentoverhalfayearinthehospitalbutsheisnow_______forit.

问题1选项

A.neverworse

B.nonethebetter

C.nonetheworse

D.neverbetter

【答案】B

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项“从来没有更糟的”；B选项“没有更好”；C选项“没有更差”；D选项“从来没有这么好”。句意：这个可怜的女孩在医院里住了半年多，但现在_______。根据语境，这里指女孩在医院待了很久，病情没有好转，所以B选项“没有更好”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

6.单选题

Fumesfromtheexhaustofanautomobileare______.

问题1选项

A.notorious

B.anxious

C.noxious

D.delicious

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项notorious“声名狼藉的、臭名昭著的”；B项anxious“焦虑的”；C项noxious“有害的、有毒的”；D项delicious“美味的”；句意：汽车排气管排出的烟雾是有害的。因此该题C项正确。

7.单选题

Agustofwindblewopenthewindowsand（

）thepapersalloverthefloor.

问题1选项

A.scattered

B.spit

C.split

D.spread

【答案】A

【解析】考察动词辨析。scatter“使散开，使分散”；spit“吐痰”；split“分裂”；spread“扩散”。句意：一阵风吹开了窗户，纸张散落了一地。选项A符合句意。

8.单选题

TheGermanGovernment’slong-plannedreturntoitshistoriccapitalisinfull______thissummer,almost10yearsafterthefalloftheBerlinWall.

问题1选项

A.gear

B.speed

C.rate

D.move

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项gear“齿轮；（特定用途的）器械”；B选项speed“（发生或进行的）速度，进度”，fullspeed“全速（或全力）向前”；C选项rate“速度；比率”；D选项move“行动”。句意：在柏林墙倒塌近10年后的今年夏天，德国政府计划已久的重返历史上的首都的计划______。根据语境，这里指的是全力推动计划，结合词组fullspeed“全速（或全力）向前”，B选项speed“（发生或进行的）速度，进度”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

9.翻译题

1.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.(10%)

InterestinbasketballintheUnitedStatespeaksaroundthreebigchampionshipeventsinthespring:thecollegechampionshipsformenandwomeninlateMarchorearlyAprilandtheprofessionalplayoffsthatclimaxinJune.Butthat’sonlyorganizedbasketball.Informally,thegamehasbeenlearnedbygenerationsofAmericanyouthsoncityplaygroundsandschoolyards,onlonelybasketsputupinbackyardsofruralhomesandonthedrivewaybasketballcourtsofcountlesssuburbanhomes.

【答案】美国人对篮球的兴趣在春季三大锦标赛期间达到顶峰。这包括三月底或四月初举行的大学男篮锦标赛和大学女篮锦标赛，以及在六月份进入决赛高潮的职业篮球赛。上面说的只是有组织的正式比赛。在市内的运动场和学校的操场上，在农舍后院的简易篮球筐下，或是在无数市郊住宅的自家车道上划出的篮球场上,一代代的美国青少年在学习打篮球。

10.单选题

Becausemanyofthemineralsfoundontheoceanfloorarestill（

）onland,whereminingisrelativelyinexpensive,miningtheoceanfloorhasyettobecomea（

）enterprise.

问题1选项

A.scarce;common

B.accessible;marginal

C.unidentified;subsidized

D.plentiful;profitable

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析。先看第一个空白处的选项，scarce“缺乏的，罕见的”；accessible“可到达的，可接近的，易懂的”，这个词的用法比较灵活；unidentified“不能辨认的，无法识别的”；plentiful“大量的，充足的”，根据题目前面部分中的关键词still和整个句意‘由于海底发现的许多矿物在陆地上仍然大量存在，且陆地上开采又相对廉价，因此，对海底开采还有待于变成一种有利可图的事业’推断出第一个空可以填plentiful或者accessible。再看填入第二个空白处的选项，common“普通的，常见的”；marginal“边缘的，末端的”；subsidized“补贴的，补助的”；profitable“有利的，赢利的”，根据题目后部分形容陆地上开采的relativelyinexpensive和关键词yet可以推断出第二个空应该填profitable,故答案选项为D。

11.单选题

Thehealth-careeconomyisrepletewithunusualandevenuniqueeconomicrelationships.Oneoftheleastunderstoodinvolvesthepeculiarrolesofproduceror“provider”andpurchaseror“consumer”inthetypicaldoctor—patientrelationship.Inmostsectorsoftheeconomy,itisthesellerwhoattemptstoattractapotentialbuyerwithvariousinducementsofprice,quality,andutility,anditisthebuyerwhomakesthedecision.Wherecircumstancespermitthebuyernochoicebecausethereiseffectivelyonlyonesellerandtheproductisrelativelyessential,governmentusuallyassertsmonopolyandplacestheindustryunderpriceandotherregulations.Neitheroftheseconditionsprevailsinmostofthehealth-careindustry.

Inthehealth-careindustry,thedoctor-patientrelationshipisthemirrorimageoftheordinaryrelationshipbetweenproducerandconsumer.Onceanindividualhaschosentoseeaphysician—andeventhentheremaybenorealchoice—itisthephysicianwhousuallymakesallsignificantpurchasingdecisions:whetherthepatientshouldreturn“nextWednesday”,whetherX-raysareneeded,whetherdrugsshouldbeprescribed,etc.Itisarareandsophisticatedpatientwhowillchallengesuchprofessionaldecisionsorraiseinadvancequestionsaboutprice,especiallywhenthediseaseisregardedasserious.

Thisisparticularlysignificantinrelationtohospitalcare.Thephysicianmustcertifytheneedforhospitalization,determinewhatprocedureswillbeperformed,andannouncewhenthepatientmaybedischarged.Thepatientmaybeconsultedaboutsomeofthesedecisions,butinthemainitisthedoctor’sjudgmentsthatarefinal.Littlewonderthenthatintheeyeofthehospitalitisthephysicianwhoisthereal“consumer.”Asaconsequence,themedicalstaffrepresentsthe“powercenter”inhospitalpolicyanddecision-making,nottheadministration.

Althoughusuallythereareinthissituationfouridentifiableparticipants:thephysician,thehospital,thepatient,andthepayer(generallyaninsurancecarrierorgovernment)—thephysicianmakestheessentialdecisionsforallofthem.Thehospitalbecomesanextensionofthephysician;thepayergenerallymeetsmostofthebillsgeneratedbythephysician/hospital,andforthemostpartthepatientplaysapassiverole.Inroutineorminorillnesses,orjustplainworries,thepatient’soptionsare,ofcourse,muchgreaterwithrespecttouseandprice.Inillnessesthatareofsomesignificance,however,suchchoicestendtoevaporate,anditisforillnessesthatthebulkofthehealth-caredollarisspent.Weestimatethatabout75-80percentofhealth-careexpendituresaredeterminedbyphysicians,notpatients.

1.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeisto______.

2.Itcanbeinferredthatdoctorsareabletodeterminehospitalpoliciesbecause______.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whenadoctortellsapatientto“returnnextWednesday”(para.2),thedoctorisineffect______.

4.Theauthorismostprobablyleadingupto______.

5.Itisthephysicianwhoisthereal“consumer”(Para.3)meansthatthephysicianisthepartythat______.

问题1选项

A.speculateabouttherelationshipbetweenapatient’sabilitytopayandthetreatmentreceived

B.criticizedoctorsforexercisingtoomuchcontroloverpatients

C.analyzesomeimportanteconomicfactorsinhealthcare

D.urgehospitalstoreclaimtheirdecision-makingauthority

问题2选项

A.itisdoctorswhogenerateincomeforthehospital

B.mostofthepatient’sbillsarepaidbyhishealthinsurance

C.hospitaladministratorslacktheexpertisetoquestionmedicaldecisions

D.adoctorisultimatelyresponsibleforapatient’shealth

问题3选项

A.takingadvantageofthepatient’sconcernforhishealth

B.instructingthepatienttobuymoremedicalservices

C.warningthepatientthathospitalstaymightbenecessary

D.advisingthepatienttoseekasecondopinion

问题4选项

A.ananalysisofthecausesofinflation

B.aproposaltocontrolmedicalcosts

C.adiscussionofanewmedicaltreatment

D.adiscussionofnewmedicalcosts

问题5选项

A.paysforgoodsorservices

B.deliversgoodsorservices

C.ordersgoodsorservices

D.reimbursesathirdpartyforgoodsorservices

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.作者意图题。根据第一段第一句“Thehealth-careeconomyisrepletewithunusualandevenuniqueeconomicrelationships.（医疗保健经济充满了不同寻常甚至独特的经济关系。）”可知本文将要讨论卫生保健行业中的特殊经济关系，其余三段主要分析了医疗保健领域的一些重要的影响相互之间经济关系的因素：医生、医院、病人以及支付者，因此C选项“分析卫生保健中一些重要的经济因素”符合文章大意。A选项“推测病人的支付能力和所接受的治疗之间的关系”；B选项“批评医生对病人过分控制”；D选项“敦促医院收回他们的决策权”都太过片面，因此C选项正确。

2.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“...itisthephysicianwhousuallymakesallsignificantpurchasingdecisions:whetherthepatientshouldreturn“nextWednesday”,whetherX-raysareneeded,whetherdrugsshouldbeprescribed,etc.（所有重要的购买决定通常都是由医生做出的：病人是否应该下周三回来，是否需要x光，是否应该开药方，等等。）”以及第三段结尾“Littlewonderthenthatintheeyeofthehospitalitisthephysicianwhoisthereal‘consumer.’Asaconsequence,themedicalstaffrepresentsthe‘powercenter’inhospitalpolicyanddecision-making,nottheadministration.（难怪在医院的眼里，医生才是真正的‘消费者’。因此，医务人员代表的是医院政策和决策的‘权力中心’，而不是管理部门。）”，由此可知决定医学治疗的是医生，也就是说决定医院收入的也是医生，因此A选项“是医生为医院创造了收入”符合题意。B选项“病人的大部分账单是由他的健康保险支付的”不符合题意；C选项“医院管理者缺乏质疑医疗决定的专业知识”文章没有提到；D选项“医生对病人的健康负有最终责任”不符合题意。因此A选项正确。

3.判断推理题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“itisthephysicianwhousuallymakesallsignificantpurchasingdecisions:whetherthepatientshouldreturn‘nextWednesday’,whetherX-raysareneeded,whetherdrugsshouldbeprescribed,etc.（所有重要的购买决定通常都是由医生做出的：病人是否应该下周三回来，是否需要x光，是否应该开药方，等等。）”，由此可知当医生让病人下周三再来的时候，实际上是由医生指导病人购买更多的医疗服务，因此B选项“指示病人购买更多的医疗服务”符合题意。A选项“利用病人对健康的关心”；C选项“警告病人住院可能是必要的”以及D选项“建议病人寻求另一种疗法”的最终目的都是为了购买更多医疗服务，因此B选项正确。

4.判断推理题。根据题干可定位到文章最后一段“Inroutineorminorillnesses,orjustplainworries,thepatient’soptionsare,ofcourse,muchgreaterwithrespecttouseandprice.Inillnessesthatareofsomesignificance,however,suchchoicestendtoevaporate,anditisforillnessesthatthebulkofthehealth-caredollarisspent.Weestimatethatabout75-80percentofhealth-careexpendituresaredeterminedbyphysicians,notpatients.（在日常或轻微的疾病，或只是简单的担忧，病人的选择，当然，更多的是使用和价格。然而，在一些有重要意义的疾病中，这样的选择往往会消失，医疗保健的大部分钱都花在了疾病上。我们估计75%到80%的医疗支出是由医生决定的，而不是病人。）”以及结合全文可知文章主要分析了医生和病人之间特殊的经济关系，末段最后两句指出大部分卫生保健费用由医生决定，正因为如此，这样的体制会显得很无效。由此可以推断，作者接下来会提出对这种体制进行改革，B选项“控制医疗费用的建议”符合题意。A选项“通货膨胀原因的分析”文章没有提到；C选项“关于一种新疗法的讨论”以及D选项“关于新的医疗费用的讨论”都不能很好的衔接文章内容，因此B选项正确。

5.语义推测题。“consumer”意为“消费者”，A选项“支付商品或服务的费用”更符合题意。B选项“递送商品或服务”；C选项“订购商品或服务”；D选项“报销第三方的商品或服务”。因此A选项正确。

12.单选题

Somuchdataindicatetheworld’sprogresstowardsmeetingtheMillenniumDevelopmentGoals(MDGs),asetoftargetsadoptedbyworldleadersattheUNmorethantenyearsago.Butthegoal-settingexercisehasfurtherpitfalls.Toooften,thegoalsarereducedtoworkingouthowmuchmoneyisneededtomeetaparticulartarget.Yetthecountriesthathavemademostprogressincuttingpovertyhavelargelydonesonotbyspendingpublicmoney,butbyencouragingfastereconomicgrowth.AsShantaDevarajan,theWorldBank’schiefeconomistforAfrica,pointsout,growthdoesnotjustmakemoremoneyavailableforsocialspending.Italsoincreasesthedemandforsuchthingsasschooling,andthushelpsmeetotherdevelopmentgoals.Yetthegoals,asdrawnup,madenomentionofeconomicgrowth.

Ofcoursegrowthbyitselfdoesnotsolvealltheproblemsofthepoor.Itisalsoclearthatwhilemoneyhelps,howitisspentandwhatitisspentonareenormouslyimportant.Forinstances,campaignersoftenaskformoretobespentonprimaryeducation.Butthroughoutthedevelopingworldteachersonthepublicpayrollareoftenabsentfromschool.Teacher-absenteeismratesarearound20%inruralKenya,27%inUgandaand14%inEcuador.

Inanycase,moneythatisallocatedforsuchservicesrarelyreachesitsintendedrecipients.Astudyfoundthat70%ofthemoneyallocatedfordrugsandsuppliesbytheUgandagovernmentin2000waslost;inGhana,80%wassiphonedoff.Moneyneedstobespent,therefore,notmerelyonbuildingmoreschoolsorhiringmoreteachers,butongettingthemtodowhattheyarepaidfor,andpreventingresourcesfromdisappearingsomewherebetweenthecentralgovernmentandtheirsupposeddestination.

Thegoodnewsisthatpolicyexperimentscarriedoutbygovernments,NGOs,academicsandinternationalinstitutionsareslowlybuildingupabodyofevidenceaboutmethodsthatwork.Alarge-scaleevaluationinAndhraPradeshinsouthernIndiawasshown,forexample,thatperformancepayforteachersisthreetimesaseffectiveatraisingpupil’stestscoresastheequivalentamountspentonschoolsupplies.

AndinUgandathegovernment,appalledthatmoneymeantforschoolswasnotreachingthem,tooktopublicizinghowmuchwasbeingallotted,usingradioandnewspaper.Moneywastagewasdramaticallyreduced.TheWorldBankhopestobringsuchinnovationstothenoticeofothergovernmentsduringthesummit,ifitcan.Forifthedriveagainstpovertysucceed,itwillowemoretosuchideasandwiderusethantotargetssetatUN-sponsoredsummits.

26.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingmeritscan’twederivefromeconomicgrowth?

27.Teacher-absenteeismiscitedasexample________.

28.Accordingtotheauthor,weshould________whendealingwithallocatedmoney.

29.Onwhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthormostprobablyagree?

30.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat________.

问题1选项

A.Itincreasesotherdemandssuchaseducation.

B.ItmayhelpthegovernmenttofulfillMillenniumDevelopmentGoals.

C.Fastergrowthwillliftthepooroutofpoverty.

D.Economicgrowthmaysolvesomeproblemsofthepoor.

问题2选项

A.tocallforgovernmentsapplyperformancepaytoteachers

B.tounderlinetheimportanceofmoneyshouldbespentonwhereitisneeded

C.tostatethattheallocatedmoneyshouldgetstaffstodowhattheyarepaidfor

D.toshowthatAfricancountrieshavealongwaytogobeforereachingtheUN’sgoalposts

问题3选项

A.avoidtheleakageofmoney

B.givetheanti-povertyplansthepriority

C.promoteeducationtoahigherlevel

D.improvepublicinfrastructurefirst

问题4选项

A.Economicgrowthdoesnotmakemoremoneyavailableforsocialspending.

B.MoneyleakageisabigproblemthatAfricaencounters.

C.MillenniumDevelopmentGoalsmayinvolveeachcountry’sGDPgrowth.

D.MillenniumDevelopmentGoalshavecometobeseenasapplyingtoeachdevelopingcountry.

问题5选项

A.theWorldBankplaysanimportantroleinhelpingUgandafixmoneyleakage

B.moneyleakageisrampantlyflourishinginUganda

C.MillenniumDevelopmentGoalsmayhavefailedinliftingthepooroutofpoverty

D.innovativeideasshouldcomebeforetargetssetbyUN

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】26.事实细节题。根据第二段第一、二句Ofcoursegrowthbyitselfdoesnotsolvealltheproblemsofthepoor.Itisalsoclearthatwhilemoneyhelps,howitisspentandwhatitisspentonareenormouslyimportant.（当然，增长本身并不能解决穷人的所有问题。同样明显的是，虽然钱有帮助，但如何花，花在什么地方非常重要。），可知经济增长对于脱贫有帮助，但是不能根治，C选项“更快的增长将使贫困人口摆脱贫困”不符合文章意思，所以正确，钱在脱贫上有帮助，D选项“经济增长可能解决穷人的一些问题”符合文章意思，故错误。A选项“增加了其他需求，如教育”：根据第一段倒数第二句Italsoincreasesthedemandforsuchthingsasschooling（它还增加了对教育等方面的需求），可知符合文章意思，故错误。B选项“可能有助于政府实现千年发展目标”：根据第一段第一句和第三句Somuchdataindicatetheworld’sprogresstowardsmeetingtheMillenniumDevelopmentGoals(MDGs)…Toooften,thegoalsarereducedtoworkingouthowmuchmoneyisneededtomeetaparticulartarget.（如此多的数据表明，世界在实现千年发展目标（MDGs）方面取得了进展……通常，目标被简化为计算需要多少钱来达到一个特定的目标。），可知符合文章意思，故错误。因此C选项正确。

27.推理判断题。根据第二段第二句Itisalsoclearthatwhilemoneyhelps,howitisspentandwhatitisspentonareenormouslyimportant.（同样明显的是，虽然钱有帮助，但如何花，花在什么地方非常重要。），这是这段的主要论点，老师缺勤的例子是为了证明如何花钱很重要，所以B选项“强调钱应该花在需要的地方的重要性”正确。A选项“要求政府对教师实行绩效工资”，C选项“说明拿了相应的工资就要做相应的工作”和D选项“表明非洲国家在达到联合国的目标之前还有很长的路要走”：不是这一段表达的重点，故错误。因此B选项正确。

28.观点态度题。根据第三段最后一句Moneyneedstobespent,therefore,notmerelyonbuildingmoreschoolsorhiringmoreteachers,butongettingthemtodowhattheyarepaidfor,andpreventingresourcesfromdisappearingsomewherebetweenthecentralgovernmentandtheirsupposeddestination.（因此，资金不应该仅仅花在建设更多的学校或雇佣更多的教师上，而应该花在让他们做他们该做的事情上，防止资源在中央政府和他们预期的目的地之间消失。），可知作者认为最应该做的是让金钱去到该去的地方发挥作用，所以A选项“不让钱流失（被挪用）”正确，C选项“提高教育水平”不是花钱的主要方向，故错误。B选项“优先考虑脱贫计划”：在这里范围太广不符合题意，故错误。D选项“优先建设公共设施”：文章没有提到，故错误。因此A选项正确。

29.观点态度题。根据第三段第二句Astudyfoundthat70%ofthemoneyallocatedfordrugsandsuppliesbytheUgandagovernmentin2000waslost;inGhana,80%wassiphonedoff.（一项研究发现，2000年乌干达政府分配给药品和供应品的资金有70%不见了；而在加纳，80%的资金被挪用。），可知非洲国家的资金流失现象严重，所以B选项“资金流失是非洲遇到的一个大问题”符合文章意思，正确。A选项“经济增长并没有使更多的钱用于社会支出”：根据第一段倒数第三句growthdoesnotjustmakemoremoneyavailableforsocialspending（经济增长不仅仅是为社会支出提供了更多资金），可知不符合文章意思，故错误。C选项“千年发展目标可能涉及每个国家的国内生产总值增长”和D选项“千年发展目标已被视为适用于每个发展中国家”：文章没有提到，故错误。因此B选项正确。

30.推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句TheWorldBankhopestobringsuchinnovationstothenoticeofothergovernmentsduringthesummit,ifitcan.Forifthedriveagainstpovertysucceed,itwillowemoretosuchideasandwiderusethantotargetssetatUN-sponsoredsummits.（如果可能的话，世界银行希望在峰会期间让其他国家的政府注意到这些创新。因为如果消除贫困的运动取得成功，它将更多地归功于这些想法和更广泛的应用，而不是在联合国主办的峰会上设定的目标。），可知世界银行鼓励创新的想法，而不是联合国设立的目标，所以D选项“创新的想法应该先于联合国设定的目标”正确。A选项“世界银行在帮助乌干达解决资金流失问题方面发挥了重要作用”和B选项“资金流失在乌干达经常发生”：根据第五段第一、二句AndinUgandathegovernment,appalledthatmoneymeantforschoolswasnotreachingthem,tooktopublicizinghowmuchwasbeingallotted,usingradioandnewspaper.Moneywastagewasdramaticallyreduced.（而在乌干达，政府因本应给学校的钱没有送到他们手中而感到震惊，于是通过广播和报纸来公布分配了多少钱。金钱浪费大大减少。），可知是政府发挥了作用，而不是世界银行，故A选项错误，资金流失因为政府的作为大大减少，故B选项错误。C选项“千年发展目标可能未能使穷人摆脱贫困”：最后一段没有提到，故错误。因此D选项正确。

13.单选题

ThenewtechnologicalrevolutioninAmericannewspapershasbroughtincreased（），awiderrangeofpublicationsandanexpansionofnewspaperjobs.

问题1选项

A.Circulation

B.reproduction

C.manipulation

D.penetration

【答案】A

【解析】句意：美国报纸的新技术革命带来了（）、覆盖面拓宽和新闻工作的增加。A选项circulation发行量；B选项reproduction复制；生殖；C选项manipulation操纵，控制；D选项penetration渗透，A符合句意。

14.不定项选择题

Predictingthefutureisriskybusinessforascientist.Itissafetosay,however,thattheglobalAIDSepidemicwillgetmuchworsebeforeitgetsanybetter.Sadly,thismodernplaguewillbewithusforseveralgenerations,despitemajorscientificadvances.

AsofJanuary2000,theAIDSepidemichasclaimed15millionlivesandleft40millionpeoplelivingwithaviralinfectionthatslowlybutrelentlesslyerodestheimmunesystem.Accountingformorethan3milliondeathsinthepastyearalone,theAIDSvirushasbecomethedeadliestmicrobeintheworld,morelethalthanevenTBandmalaria.Thereare34developingcountrieswheretheprevalenceofthisinfectionis2%orgreater.InAfricanearlyadozencountrieshavearatehigherthan10%,includingfoursouthernAfricannationsinwhichaquarterofthepeopleareinfected.Andthesituationcontinuestoworsen;morethan6millionnewinfectionsappearedin1999.Thisislikecondemning16,000peopleeachdaytoaslowandmiserabledeath.

Fortunately,theAIDSstoryhasnotbeenallgloomanddoom.LessthantwoyearsafterAIDSwasrecognized,theguiltyagent—humanimmunodeficiencyvirus,orHIV—wasidentified.WenowknowmoreaboutHIVthanaboutanyothervirus,and14AIDSdrugshavebeendevelopedandlicensedintheU.S.andWesternEurope.

Theepidemiccontinuestorage,however,inSouthAmerica,EasternEuropeandsub-SaharanAfrica.Bytheyear2025,AIDSwillbebyfarthemajorkillerofyoungAfricans,decreasinglifeexpectancytoaslowas40yearsinsomecountriesandsingle-handedlyerasingthepublichealthgainsofthepast50years.

ItisAsia,withitshugepopulationatrisk,thatwillhavethebiggestimpactontheglobalspreadofAIDS.Themagnitudeofthepandemiccouldrangefrom100millionto1billion,dependinglargelyonwhathappensinIndiaandChina.FourmillionpeoplehavealreadybecomeHIV-positiveinIndia,andinfectionislikelytoreachseveralpercentinapopulationof1billion.HalfamillionChinesearenowinfected;thetrajectoryofChina’sepidemic,however,islesscertain.

AnexplosiveAIDSepidemicintheU.S.isunlikely.Instead,HIVinfectionwillcontinuetofesterinabout0.5%ofthepopulation.Butthecomplexionoftheepidemicwillchange.NewHIVinfectionswilloccurpredominatelyintheunderclass,withrates10timesashighinminoritygroups.Nevertheless,Americanpatientswilllivequalitylivesfordecades,thankstoadvancesinmedicalresearch.Dozensofpowerfulandwell-toleratedAIDSdrugswillbedeveloped,aswillnovelmeanstorestoretheimmunesystem.

AcureforAIDSbytheyear2025isnotinconceivable.Butconstrainedbyeconomicreality,thesetherapeuticadvanceswillhaveonlylimitedbenefitoutsidetheU.S.andWesternEurope.

1.Whichisthebesttitleforthistext?

2.Thephrase“gloomanddoom”(L1,Para.3)probablymeans（）

3.Whichofthefollowingstatisticsiscorrectaccordingtothetext?

4.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat（）

5.Accordingtotheauthor,thecureforAIDSwillprobablymainlydependson（）

问题1选项

A.TheSpreadofHIV...AndWillWeEverCureAIDS?

B.TheWorseSituationofAIDS...WillAIDSRuinHumanBeing?

C.TheStatisticsofAIDS...WillAIDSSpreadaroundtheWorld?

D.TheExpansionofHIV...WillAsiaBecometheCoreofAIDS?

问题2选项

A.obscurityandsadness.

B.darknessanddespair.

C.ruinanddeath.

D.disappointmentandend.

问题3选项

A.InIndia,thereare4,000,000peoplewhohavebeenfoundHIV-positive,theinfectionratealmostreachingdozenpercentin1millionpeople.

B.InChina,about50,000peopleareinfectedbyHIV,withthechannelofspreadingunknowntotheChinesephysiciansandresearchersintheworld.

C.AIDSepidemichascaused15,000,000deathsinthewholeworldbyJanuary2000andmorethan3,000,000peoplediedofitinthelastyear.

D.IntheUnitedStates,HIVinfectionwillgoontoattackabout5%ofthewholepopulationandleadtoanexplosiveAIDSepidemicinthecountry.

问题4选项

A.HIVwasfoundmorethantwoyearsearlierthanAIDSwasidentified.

B.peopleknowalittlemoreaboutHIVthanaboutmostotherviruses.

C.AIDScontinuestoragemorewildlyinAfricathaninAsia.

D.HIVinfectionswillmostlyhappeninthepoorandinminorgroups.

问题5选项

A.internationalcooperation.

B.powerfuldrugs.

C.economicsituation.

D.strongwill.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:文章标题题。根据全文的大意，我们看到全文一直围绕的是艾滋病的危害和药物的研发，B选项并没有提及，C选项艾滋病毒已经蔓延到全世界了，D只是最后几段有提到亚洲，但是没有说亚洲是中心的意思，因此答案是A。

第2题:词义辨析题。gloom意为“昏暗”，doom意为“死亡，厄运”；A选项的obscurity是“朦胧；阴暗”的意思，D选项是“悲伤失望和终结”，与题干最符合，答案为D。

第3题:细节推断题。问：