开发过程与方法简介

组建应用接口快速应用开发环境二 结构的建创建工作空间 DeveloperStudioopen "File"andselect"OpenCAAV5Workspace",thefollowingwindowappearsinwhichyoucanselecttoopenyourworkspacewiththe"mkmk"EithermodewillgiveyouaccesstotheCodeGeneratorfeatures.Onceyouhavefilledintheworkspaceinformation,clickon"OK".Alogwindowappearswhileyourenvironmentisupdatedandtheworkspaceopened.WhenthiswindowhasdisappearedDeveloperStudioloadstheprojectfilesitstoredinyourworkspaceandyouarereadytowork.ThecommandsavailableintheCodeGeneratorareasetofwizardswhereinyouspecifyaseriesofparametersanditwillgeneratecodeforyou.Beforecreatingthecode,areportwindowappearssothatyoumayverifythatthecodegeneratedisasyouexpectit.Youmayfindthatsomeofteratedsourcefilescontaincommentedoutstatementssuchas"DONOTEDIT::THECAA2WIZARDSWILLINSERTCODEHERE".Donotmodifywhatyoufindbetweenthesecommentedlinesorthewizardswillnolongerbeabletoinsertcodeinthesourcefile.（CAAV5 DeveloperStudio,open "Project"andselect"NewFramework…"ThewizardwillthencreatethefollowingdirectoryEducationtypeframeworksaresuffixed".edu"andTestframeworksaresuffixed".tst".Thewizardappendsthesesuffixestothenameoftheframework.定义接口空间（InterfaceAninterfaceframeworkisaframeworkthatcontains(mainly)interfacesinbothC++orIDLlanguage.Thestructureofthisinterfaceisveryspecific.V5namingconventionsrequiresthattheseinterfacesbedistinguishablethroughan"Interfaces"suffix.Thereforeifyoutypein"Bird"intheframeworkname,thegeneratedframeworkwillbecalled"BirdInterfaces".Thegeneratedstructureisthefollowing:Afterthefilestructurehasbeencreated,theC++InteractiveDashboardupdatesyourDeveloperStudioprojecttotakeintoaccountthenewfilesanddirectories.IntheJavaInteractiveDashboard,youwillseethenewframeworkintheworkspacetreeview.Notethattheframeworkissetasthecurrentlyactiveproject.定义模块 DeveloperStudio,open "Project"andselect"NewModule…"Whenyouclickon"OK"areportwindowisdisplayedtoshowyouthefilesanddirectoriesthatwillbecreated.Ifyouaccept,thefollowingfilestructurewillbecreated:NotethatthenewlycreatedmoduleissetasthecurrentlyactiveCodeGeneratorwizardsenableyoutocreatespecificV5objectsthatimplementcustomaryV5patterns.Thesecurrentlyinclude:Objectmodelerinterfaces(bothC++andObjectmodeler V5 DeveloperStudio,sourcecodeisgeneratedinthecurrentlyactivemodule.Iftheactiveprojectisnotamodule,thefollowingwarningboxwillaskyoutoselectanactivemodule.In Studio,thisisdonebyactivatingthe onthedesiredproject("SetasWhenyougeneratesourcecodeusingtheCodeGenerator,yourworkspaceisupdatedtotakeintoaccountthefilesnewlycreated.InDeveloperStudioonly,thisoftenresultsinthefollowingThisisanexpectedbehaviouranditissafetoreloadyourCAAV5C++ DeveloperStudio,open "Insert"andselect"CAAV5Class...".Itis mendedtousethiscommandratherthanusingMsDev'sownclasscreatorbecauseittakesintoaccounttheCAAV5FileTree,aswellasthestandardmacrosincludedintheCAAclasses.Thewizardwillcreateaheaderandasourcefilecomprisingastandardconstructoranddestructor,aswellasanequaloperatorandacopyconstructor.Thefollowingfilesarecreated.元件接口类（ObjectModelerInterfacescanbedefinedinC++orinIDL(interfacedefinition DeveloperStudio,open andselect"Interface...".V5namingconventionsrequirethatyourinterfacehavea3letterprefix,followedbytheletter'I'inuppercase,followedbyanythingelse,asinIDLIDLinterfacescanonlybegeneratedinsideanInterfaceframework.TheIDLradiobuttonwillbegreyedoutinanyothertypeofframework.V5namingconventionsrequirethatautomationinterfacehavea3letterprefix,followedbythelettersIAinuppercase,followedbyanythingelse.TheautomationaliaswillbegeneratedbyextractingtheXXXIAprefixfromtheinterfacename.Whenyouclickon"OK"areportwindowisdisplayedtoshowthefilesthatwillbecreated.Ifyouaccept,thefollowingfileswillbecreated(oraffected):元件实现类（ObjectModelerComponentimplementationsarewritteninC++.Theycannotbeincludedininterfaceframeworks...InDeveloperStudio, "Insert"andselect"Component..."EventhoughyoumaycreateanimplementationfromeitheraC++oranIDLinterface,thewizardwillnotfunctiononanpiledIDLIfyoudirectlytypeinthenameoftheinterfaceyouwishtoimplement,thecommandwillpromptyoutospecifytheheaderfilethatcontainsthedefinitionoftheinterface.Youmayalsoaskthewizardtolistalloftheavailableinterfacesinyourworkspace,orinyourprerequisiteworkspaces(thismaytakesometimeasitparsesalltheinterfacesintheworkspace).Whenyouclickon"OK"areportwindowisdisplayedtoshowyouthefilesthatwillbecreated.Ifyouaccept,thefollowingfileswillbeThepreviouscommandalsoallowsyoutoaddnewextensionstoalreadyexistingimplementations.Youdothisbycheckingtheitem"Extends"andbyspecifyingwhichobjectyouareextending.Teratedobjectsforextensionsarethesameasfor利用元件实现类构造工具（ImplementationWhenyoudevelopanewimplementationorextension,youmayderivefromanotherC++classthatalreadyimplementssomeofthefunctionsoftheinterfaceyouareimplementing.Assuch,youhaveachoicebetweenoverloadingthosefunctionalitesornotredefiningthemandusingthemastheyhavebeendefinedinthebaseclass.Bydefault,theimplementationbuilderwillmakeyouwriteallthemethodsoftheinterface.Byusingthewizard,youcanchoosebetweenredefiningthosemethodsornot.(Ofcourse,ifthebaseclassimplementsnomethodfromtheinterface,usingthewizardwillnotbeofanyuse).ThewizardpushbuttonisavailableassoonasyoutypeinaclassdifferentfromCATBaseUnknownorCATIABaseObject.Thewizardwillthenscanthebaseclasstofindifitimplementsanymethodsoftheinterfaceandwilldisplaytheminalist命令类Youmaycreateseveraldifferenttypesofnewcommandsthatyoucanaddinyourworkshops: DeveloperStudio, "Insert"and Whenspecifyingthenameofaworkshop(orworkbench),thewizardwilllocatethecodeforthatworkshopandgenerateacommandheaderforyou.Ifnocommandheaderisfound,anewtypeofheaderwillbegenerated.Eventhoughyouhaveselectedthe"Includeincheck,youwillstillneedtousethe"Customize"functionalityofCATIAtoaccessthecommandfromyourpalette.3.5框类（DialogYoumaycreateinteractivelyanewdialogelementbasedontheDialogframework: DeveloperStudio, "Insert"and"CATIANotethatifyouwanttocreateadialog-basedcommand,youshouldusethe"Command..."itemofthe"CATIAResource" ofthe Whenyouselectthiscommand,ane geisinsertedinyourMsDevenvironmentwithanewandemptydialogRefertoDialogbuilderfeatures"forfull 测试实例（V5Test-Youmaycreateinteractivelyanewtestcasescriptinsideatest-dedicatedframeworkbyusing: DeveloperStudio, "Insert"andWhenyouselectthiscommand,anewtestcasescriptiscreatedinyourframework.Thistestcasecanberunusingthe"ReplayTest-Cases"commandfoundinthe"Build".ThecomponentbuildercurrentlyonlyallowsyoutogenerateonetypeofV5pattern:Workshops(orworkbenches) DeveloperStudio, "Insert"and"CATIAResource/CATIAYou selectthetypeofcomponentyouwishtoThewizardleadsyouthroughaseriesofpanelswhereinyouarepromptedforthecaracteristicsoftheobjectyouwishtocreate.Afterfillingineachpanel,youcanmoveontothenextpanelusingthewizardnavigationbar.Whenallthestepshavebeencompleted,youclickon"Finish"togeneratethecomponent.ThesearethestepstocreateaV5框详见《框的开发方法五、支撑框架设置Asalmostallcomponents(frameworks)arebuiltuponotherscomponents,itisnecessaryToincludeatcompiletimethecorrespondingheaderToreferenceatlinktimethecorrespondinglibraries.Howeverthesourcefilesofagivencomponentmayincludealotofheaderfilesand,withouttheIdentityCardfile,wemustbrowseallthefilestoknowthenamesofincludedheaderfilesandthenfindthenamesofthecorrespondingcomponents.TheIdentityCardfilesynthesizesthoserelationshipsbetweenframeworksinordertogetquicklytheprerequisiteframeworks.Warning:TheIdentityCardfileofanyframeworkmustatleastcontainastatementtosettheSystemframeworkasaprerequisiteframeworkuptoitsprotectedpart,asfollows:ponent("System","Protected");Youmustbeawarethatoneuserhasoftennotallframeworksinhis/herownworkspace,andthatmostoftheprerequisiteframeworkshe/sheneedsarelocatedinothersworkspaces.ThankstotheIdentityCardfile(s),toolslikemkmkgainaneasywaytodetermineandthenaccesstoprerequisiteframeworks.ThefigurebelowgivesasummaryoftheuseofIdentityCardfiles.Anapplicationismadeofcomponents:BuiltornotuponotherUsingtheCAAarchitectureeachcomponentisknownasaframeworkpossiblyhavingprerequisiteframeworksPrerequisiteframeworksofagivenframeworkarespecifiedinitsIdentityCardfile.NotealsoEveryframeworkhasanIdentityCardfilewhichcanbeemptyifitdoesnotneedothercomponenttoimplementitsservices.Thisisnotshowninthefigure.OnlyframeworksthataredirectlyusedarespecifiedinanIdentityCardfile.Rememberthenotionsofpublicandprivatepartsofacomponent:youdon'tknowhowaframeworkisimplemented,soyoushouldn'tknowitsownprerequisites.EveryframeworkmusthaveanIdentityCardfile,ThisfileisstoredindirectoryIdentityCard,rightundertheframeworkrootdirect