人教版高中英语必修五知识点详解

10/10人教版高中英语必修五知识点详解Units1-21.doubtdoubt是高考中高频考查词汇。doubt可作动词和名词，是新课标重点词汇。其命题角度为：①作动词时，若为肯定句，后跟宾语从句,通常用if/whether引导，若为否定句，则通常用that引导。②doubt作名词时，通常用于Thereisnodoubtthat...(毫无疑问）结构。2010年高考对doubt考查还将集中在其后跟从句时连接词选择上，也有可能将doubt与其他动词或名词放在一起进行词义辨析。2.exposeexpose是新课标要求掌握单词，应重点掌握它义项及常见用法，特别是beexposedto句式，其中to为介词，后跟名词、代词和动名词；同时注意exposedto作后置定语和用于句首作状语用法。另外，beingexposedto结构用动名词形式作主语也是重点和难点，极易考查。预测2010年命题方向为exposedto作状语和定语用法。3.absorbabsorb是新课标重点单词，重点掌握其“吸收（液体，热）；吸收，理解（知识）”词义及其beabsorbedin(全神贯注于……)用法，易考点为该短语位于句首作状语和作后置定语两点，考生应能掌握beabsorbedby(为某事物所吸引)；还应联系beengagedin,bedevotedto,beinvolvedin和belostin等常见重点近义短语。4.apartfromapartfrom是常见介词短语，意为“除……之外”，考生应熟练掌握近义词和短语：except,besides,inaddition(to),otherthan,exceptfor,exceptthat,exceptwhen等。预测2010年高考会在单项填空题中直接考查或者会出现在阅读理解题中。5.availableavailable是新课标重点单词，在近几年高考和各地模拟考试中出现频率极高，主要考点为：①词义(可得到，可用)。命题形式常为形容词词义辨析，如区分accessible,acceptable,sensible,favourite,average,convenient等。②用法。beavailableto意为“可利用”，beavailablefor意为“使……可以享受某物;使……买得起某物”,要了解二者区别。预测2010年高考命题会以考查词义或者形容词短语作后置定语为命题方向。6.consistofconsistof是近几年高考高频考查短语。①理解其词义“组成，构成”。②考查与其他近义词组用法异同点。如bemadeupof,becomposedof,constitute,beformedof等。考生要特别注意consistof要用主动形式表达，不用系表结构。预测这一考点将成为2010年高考考查重点，特别是用consistingof作后置定语。7.breakdown由break构成动词短语是历年高考命题重点。考生必须明确breakdown几个常见义项，根据不同语境加以判断。breakdown，breakup,breakoff,breakaway,breakin等，都要求考生熟知它们常见义项，因为命题时可能会对该短语直接考查，也可在短文中考查对其意义理解。8.only+状语（状语从句）位于句首构成部分倒装这是考生必须熟练掌握句式之一，以往高考题中已多次考查到。倒装句式有多种情况，该句式为日常交际中较常见一种。特别提示：only只有强调状语或者状语从句才构成部分倒装，强调主语或宾语不用倒装。预测该句式是2010年高考命题考查重点。重要词汇拓展Unit1Greatscientists1.____n.特征；特性2._____vt.&vi.结束；推断出→______n.结论3._____vt.打败；战胜；使受挫4.______vt.参加；出席；照顾；护理→_____n.参加；出席；侍从；看护5._____vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光→_____n.暴露；揭穿；揭发6._____vt.&n.治愈；痊愈→______adj.可治愈______vt.&n.控制；支配8._____vt.吸收；吸引；使专心→______adj.被吸收；全神贯注9._____adj.严重；严厉；剧烈characteristic2.conclude；conclusion3.defeat4.attend；attendance5.expose；exposure6.cure；curable7.control8.absorb；absorbed9.severe10._____vt.宣布；通告→______n.宣布；宣告；通知11.______vt.命令；指示；教导→_____adj.有教育意义；有指导意义→_____n.指导；指示；指令→_____n.教师；讲师；指导员12._____vt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助→______n.贡献；奉献13._____adj.有创造力；创造性；独创→______n.创造；创作14._____adj.热情；热心→______n.热心；热情15.______adj.小心；谨慎→______n.小心；谨慎；慎重16.______vt.拒绝；不接受；丢弃；抛弃17.______vt.建造；构造；创立→______n.建造；建筑；结构18.______vt.分析→______n.分析19.______vt.污染；弄脏→______n.污染10.announce;announcement111.instruct；instructive；instructioninstructor12.contribute；contribution13.creative；creation14.enthusiastic；enthusiasm15.cautious；caution16.reject17.construct;construction18.analyse;analysis19.pollute;pollution1.put_____提出2._____aconclusion得出结论3.in______另外4.____toanend结束5._____...to...将……和……连接起来6._____from除……之外7.be_____with对……严格8.lead_____导致；通向9.make______有道理；有意义；讲得通10._____ofview态度；观点11.be______to暴露于……12.be_____in全神贯注于……13._____into调查14.be____/______支持/反对e5.link6.apart7.strict8.to9.sense10.point11.exposed12.absorbed13.look14.for/against重点短语梳理1._____itscause______itscurewasunderstood.人们不但不知道它病源，也不了解它治疗方法。2.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied__________therewasanoutbreak.每次暴发（霍乱）时，都有大批惊恐老百姓死去。3.JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersupplies__________.约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。4.________youputthesunthere_____themovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星运动才能说得清楚。1.Neither;nor2.everytime3.beexamined4.Onlyif;did重点句型再现1.JohnSnowdefeats“KingCholera”.约翰·斯诺战胜“霍乱王”。▲defeat意为“击败；打败；使（计划，希望）落空”。①defeat,conquer与overcome三个词都含有“战胜”、“击败”意思。defeat指“赢得胜利”,尤其指军事上胜利,如defeattheenemy(打败敌人);conquer指“征服;战胜”,尤其指获得对人、物或感情控制,如conquernature（征服自然）；overcome指“战胜；压倒；克服”，尤其指“感情”,如overcomedifficulties（克服困难）。【易混辨析】选词填空（beat/defeat/conquer/win）①Bynotworkinghardenoughyou____yourownpurpose.②Somecountriesmaybe____butcanneverbe_____.③Whois____thedrum?④He____thefirstprizeinthewritingcontest.【答案】①defeated②defeated;conquered③beating④won②defeat,beat与windefeat,beat都表示在战斗或竞赛中“战胜,打败(对手)”,后接竞争对手。如beatthecompetitor/thecountry/theteam...打败对手/国家/队……Icanbeat/defeatyouatswimming.我游泳能胜过你。Hewasdefeated/beatenatchess.他下象棋输了。win也表示“战胜,赢得”,但它宾语通常是比赛、战争、奖品或表尊重、崇拜之类意义词。如winarace/abattle/awar/ascholarship/aprize/amedal/success/friendship/reward...赢得赛跑/战役/战争/奖学金/奖品/奖章/成功/友谊/奖赏……高手过招2.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.但当他一想到要帮助（那些）受到霍乱威胁普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。▲exposedtocholera在句中是过去分词短语作后置定语，表示被动，修饰people，相当于定语从句whichwereexposedtocholera意为“患霍乱”。▲expose意为“暴露；揭露；使曝光”，常与介词to连用，表示“使暴露于（日光、风雨等）；受到风险；使面临”。常见结构：exposesth./sb./oneself(to...)显露或暴露beexposedto暴露于高手过招用expose适当形式填空①Insummer,______thesuncanbeveryharmfultoyourskin.②Thesoilwaswashedawaybytheflood,_____barerock.【答案】①beingexposedto②exposing3.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人们不但不知道它病源，也不了解它治疗方法。▲curevt.&n.治愈，治疗法；常用于curesb.of...结构中。cure,treat,heal与recover①cure意为“治疗；治愈”，多用于指药物治疗并治愈某种疾病或改正不良习气。②treat为日常用语，意为“治疗；医治”，指治疗病人全过程或活动。③heal意为“治愈（伤口）；医治”，指治好外伤或烧伤后部位，使伤口愈合，不用于指治疗感冒等疾病。④recover意为“痊愈,复原”，主要是指从病中痊愈了，常与from连用。Thatwillcurehimofhisbadhabits.那将改正他坏习惯。Thereareonlytwodoctorstotreatmorethan50patients.只有两名医生来治疗50多个病人。Thewoundonmyarmhashealed.我胳膊上伤已痊愈了。He’snowfullyrecoveredfromhisbadcold.他现在已完全从重感冒中康复了。【易混辨析】完成句子①Penicillin_____________hispneumonia.盘尼西林治好了他肺炎。②Aftertheaccident,thelorrydriver_________forcutsandbruises.事故后卡车司机擦伤得到了治疗。③Thecutonhisfinger_____quickly.他手指上伤口很快愈合了。【答案】①curedhimof②wastreated③healed高手过招4.Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内。▲suggestvt.暗示；表明(陈述语气)；建议（suggestdoing;suggestthatclause）Hisattitudesuggestedthathewasnotinterestedinitatall.他态度表明他对此一点也不感兴趣。Isuggestedthathe(should)adapthimselftohisnewconditions.我建议他应该适应新情况。▲absorb意为“吸收；吸引；使专心；合并；吞并”，常见结构：absorbone’sattention吸引某人注意力beabsorbedinsth.专心于某事beabsorbedby/into被……吞并；为……所吸收Cleverchildrenabsorbknowledgeeasily.聪明孩子掌握知识很容易。Aspirinisquicklyabsorbedby/intothebody.阿司匹林很快被身体吸收了。Heisabsorbedinhisbusiness.他专心致志地处理事务。Mostlittleshopshavebeenabsorbedintobigbusinesses.大多数小商店已被并入大公司。完成句子①_______________________________,themanwalkedintoawall.那个人看报纸太入神撞到了墙上。②Theywere______________________theshowontelevisionthattheyfoundithardtopullaway.他们聚精会神地看着电视里表演，舍不得离开。【答案】①Deeplyabsorbedinthenewspaper②sodeeplyabsorbedinwatching高手过招6.Fromthestomachthediseasequicklyattackedthebodyandsoontheaffectedpersondied.病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者很快就会死去。▲ffectvt.意为“影响；作用于”，经常表示某种变化，对象是人时，可指思想或感情上变化。affect,effect与influence①affect与effect均可表示“影响”，其区别是：前者是动词(及物)，主要指一时影响，着重指影响动作，可指一般意义影响(不分好坏)，也可指不良影响；后者是名词(可数或不可数)，两者关系大致为：affect＝haveaneffecton。注意：effect有时虽用作及物动词，但不表示“影响”，而表示“实现”或“产生”等。②influence表示“影响”，主要指对行为、性格、观点等产生间接或潜移默化影响。可用作及物动词或名词(通常不可数，但有时可与不定冠词连用)。【易混辨析】完成句子Weareinterestedintheweatherbecauseit_____________/____________________(对我们有直接影响)—whatwewear,whatwedo,andevenhowwefeel.【答案】affectsusdirectly/hasdirecteffectsonus6.Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.看来水是罪魁祸首。▲blamev.责备，谴责；把……归咎于①blamesb.forsth./doingsth.为某事责备某人Heblamedyoufortheneglectofduty.他责备你玩忽职守。②blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人ThepoliceblamedthetrafficaccidentonJackscarelessdriving.警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克粗心驾驶。③betoblame(for)应（为……）承担责任；该（为……）受责备。注意：此处不能用被动语态。blamen.埋怨，责备；责任taketheblameforsth.对某事负责任lay/puttheblameonsb.把某事归咎于某人单项填空WeallfeelitisJackaswellashiswife_____thatfortheirson’sbadperformanceatschool.A.aretoblameB.istotheblamedC.aretobeblamedD.istoblame【解析】选D。句意为：我们觉得对于孩子在学校不好表现，除了杰克妻子外，杰克也有责任。betoblame是习惯表达方式，要用主动形式表示被动含义。Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Thisnewe______forthecarworkswell.2.Shehasastrongc______.3.Thefarmersinthisareahadagoodharvestlastyearthankstothes_____farming.4.Thedoctorhadmyeyese______forweakening.5.Heb______meformynegligence(疏忽大意).6.Hefinishedhisworkina_______(积极)way.7.Wemusttryto______(分析)thecausesofthestrike.8.Hebecame_______(狂热)aboutclassicalmusic.9.Hehas______(完成)thewholejobalready.10.Be______（谨慎）whenyoucrossthestreet.【答案】1.pleted10.cautiousII.用括号内所给单词适当形式填空1.JohnSnowtoldthestoryaboutthe_____(astonish)peopleinBroadStreet.2.Don’tdrink_____(pollute)water,becauseitcarriesthedisease.3.Someofthepeople______(invite)tothepartycouldn’tcome.4.Thereisacar_____(park)outsidethehouse.5.Wewere______(inspire)bythe______(inspire)news.6.Whyareyoulookingso_______(disappoint)?7.Thousandsof______(terrify)peopledied.【答案】1.astonished2.polluted3.invited4.parked5.inspired；inspiring6.disappointed7.terrifiedIII.翻译句子1.不要在太阳下晒得太久，你会被晒伤。(sunburn)2.有组织旅行就是由某人或某机构组织旅行。3.到了那时他才意识到造成损失有多大。4.每当他遇到困难，他就会想起他妈妈。（everytime）5.正在建造那幢摩天大楼比去年建那幢还要高。【答案】1.Don’texposeyourselftothesunfortoolong.Youwillgetsunburned.2.Anorganizedtripisoneorganizedbysomeoneorsomeorganization.3.Onlythendidherealizehowmuchdamagehadbeencaused.4.Hewouldthinkofhismothereverytimehemetwithdifficulties.5.Theskyscraperbeingbuiltisstillhigherthantheonebuiltlastyear.Unit2TheUnitedKindom重要词汇拓展1._____vt.分配；分开→_____adj.分离→_____n.分离；分开2._____n.矛盾；冲突3.______n.描写；描述→____vt.描写；描述4._____v.组成；一致→_____n.一致性；连贯性→_____adj.一致5._____vt.澄清；阐明→_____n.清楚；明晰；清澈divide;divided;division2.conflict3.description;describe4.consist；consistence；consistent5.clarify；clarity重要词汇拓展6.____n.收集；收藏品→_____vt.&vi.收集；募集→____adj.集体7._____n.便利；方便→_____adj.便利；方便8._____vt.使激动；使胆战心惊→____adj.激动→____adj.令人兴奋9._____n.快乐；高兴；喜悦；vt.使快乐；使欣喜→_____adj.高兴→____adj.令人喜悦10._____vt.吸引；引起注意→_____n.吸引;吸引力；吸引人事物→_____adj.有吸引力；诱人11._____adj.壮丽；辉煌；极好12._____n.塑像；雕像13._____vt.筹备；安排；整理→_____n.筹备；安排；整理14._____n.错误；谬误；过失6.collection；collect；collective7.convenience；convenient8.thrill；thrilled；thrilling9.delight；delighted；delightful10.attract;attraction;attractive11.splendid12.statue13.arrange；arrangement14.error1.____of由……组成2._____...into把……分成3.leave____遗漏；删掉4._____down捣毁；（机器）出故障；分解；垮掉5._____to提及；参考6.for______为了方便7._____closeto接近；几乎8.takethe_____of代替；取代9.break_____from挣脱（束缚）；脱离1.e8.place9.away重点短语梳理1.Thereis________todebateanymorewhydifferentwordsareusedtodescribethefourcountries.再也没有什么必要争论为什么要用不同词去描述这四个国家了。2.Thethreecountries______________peacefullyinsteadofbywar.这三个国家发现自己并没有通过战争就和平统一起来了。3.Itseemedstrangethatthemanwhohaddevelopedcommunism____________anddiedinLondon.这似乎很奇怪：这位发展了共产主义人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。noneed2.foundthemselvesunited3.shouldhavelived重点句型再现1.HowmanycountriesdoestheUKconsistof?英国是由几个国家（部分）组成？▲consistof组成；构成；由……组成(后接of，用于主动语态)Ourclassconsistedoffiftystudentsatthattime.当时我们班有50个学生。【联想拓展】consistvi.①符合；并存；一致（与with连用）Theoryshouldconsistwithpractice.理论应与实践相一致。②在于，存在于（常与in连用）ThebeautyofVeniceconsistsinthestyleofitsancientbuilding.威尼斯美在于其古建筑风格。【易混辨析】comprise,compose,constitute与makeup这一组动词都有“组成，包含”意思，不过comprise和constitute是及物动词，要用主动形式；而compose和makeup则需后跟of,用于系表结构中。Ourcompany’sproductlinecomprises2,500differentitems.我们公司生产线是由2500个不同组成部分构成。Crimeandillegaldrugsconstitutethecitysmajorproblems.犯罪和非法毒品买卖是这个城市面临主要问题。Thecommitteewascomposedmainlyofteachersandparents.委员会主要由教师和学生家长组成。Acarismadeupofmanydifferentparts.汽车由很多不同零部件组成。用适当介词填空①TheUnitedNationsOrganizationconsists____over160nations.②Ourgreatesthappinessconsists____servingthepeople.③Healthdoesn’tconsist_____smoking.【答案】①of②in③with2.NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell.如今，只要有人提起英格兰，你就会发现威尔士总是包括在内。▲referto①查阅;参考Ifyouwanttoknowhistelephonenumber,youmayrefertothetelephonedirectory.如果你想知道他电话号码，你可以查电话簿。②谈到;提到TheoldsoldierreferredtohisexperiencesduringtheLongMarch.老战士谈到了长征时一些经历。③适用于;涉及ThesebooksrefertoAsianproblems.这些书涉及亚洲问题。④把……提交给……;把……委托给……Idontwanttoreferthispatienttoanirresponsibledoctor.我不想把这个病人交给一个不负责医生。⑤使……向……请教;使……求助于……IreferredhertoTomforfurtherinformation.我让她到汤姆那儿去询问详情。⑥把……归功于……Hereferredhissuccesstothegoodeducationhehadhad.他把他成功归功于他所受良好教育。⑦认为……起源于……TheinventionofthepapermakingisreferredtoChina.造纸术起源于中国。用括号内所给短语适当形式填空OnAidsDay,theministeroftheHealthDepartmentdemandedtheproblems_______________(referto)paidspecialattentionto.【答案】referredto(should)be3.However,thesouthernpartofIrelandwasunwillingandbrokeawaytoformitsowngovernment.然而，爱尔兰南部却不愿意组建联合王国，它分离出去并建立了自己政府。▲breakaway(from)突然逃掉或离开;断绝往来,脱离;改掉(旧习惯）①breakdown(机器、车辆等)坏了；(计划、谈判等)失败；(谈话、通讯等)中断；(健康、精神等)变坏；垮掉②breakin突然进来，强行进入；插嘴，打岔③breakinto强行进入;突然……起来;打断，插嘴④breakoff停止讲话;暂停;休息;(使)折断⑤breakout(火灾、战争等)突然发生或爆发⑥breakthrough突破;克服;征服;强行穿过/进入⑦breakup解散;驱散;(学校等)放假;结束;破裂;绝交用适当介词或副词填空①Thievesbroke____thehousewhenthecouplewerewatchingTV.②Aquarrelbroke____betweenthem.③Thesoldiersbroke_____theenemy’sdefenceworks.④Theschoolhasbroken______fortheholidays.⑤Dadwouldoccasionallybreak______withasuggestion.⑥Tombroke_____thedoorofourclassroomlastweek.高手过招intooutthroughupindown4.Englandisthelargestofthefourcountries,andforconvenienceitisdividedroughlyintothreezones.在这四个国家中，英格兰是最大。为了方便起见，它大致可以划分为三个地区。▲conveniencen.①适宜；便利；方便（不可数）conveniencefood便利食品；conveniencestore便利店②便利事物/设施(可数)convenientadj.方便(可用作定语和表语)。作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用事物或形式主语it作主语，其后常接介词for/to或不定式。常用结构：Itis/wasconvenientforsb.todosth.对某人来说……方便；sth.beconvenientto/forsb./sth.对某人/物来说……是方便。Willitbeconvenientforyoutostartworktomorrow?你明天开始工作方便吗?Wemustarrangeaconvenienttimeandplaceforthemeeting.我们必须安排一个合适时间和地点开会。单项填空Comeandseemewhenever_______.A.youareconvenientB.youwillbeconvenientC.itisconvenienttoyouD.itwillbeconvenienttoyou【解析】选C。convenient主语不可以是人，排除A、B两项。whenever引导是时间状语从句，其谓语动词要用一般现在时，不可用一般将来时。高手过招Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Thecommitteec______oftenmembers.2.Ifyoud______30by5,theansweris6.3.Wouldyouliketodoacrosswordp______?4.Thisbuildingwasc_______inthe1810sandithasahistoryofabout200years.5.TheymarriedlastmonthbutIdidn’tattendtheirw______.6.Weshoulddoallwecantoimprovethe______(关系)betweenourtwocountries.7.Thepositionofthehousecombinesquietnessand_______(方便).8.Thepaintingcomesfromhisprivate_______(收藏).9.Toour______(高兴),hepassedtheentranceexamination.10.Canyou______(安排)foracartocollectthemfromtheairport?【答案】1.consists2.divide3.puzzle4.constructed5.wedding6.relations7.convenience8.collection9.delight10.arrangeII.同义句转换1.HowmanycountriesdoestheUKconsistof?Howmanycountriesis__________theUK?2.ForthoseyouhavetogotoolderbutsmallertownsfirstbuiltbytheRomans.Forthoseyouhavetogotoolderbutsmallertowns__________first_____bytheRomans.3.Worriedaboutthetimeavailable,ZhangPingyuhadlistedthesitesshewantedtoseeinLondon.Becauseshe_________aboutthetimeavailable,ZhangPingyuhadmadea__________thesitesshewantedtoseeinLondon.4.Onmywaytothestationsomethingwaswrongwithmycar.Onmywaytothestationmycar___________.5.WhenshesawmanyvisitorsenjoyinglookingatthebeautifuloldChinesepotsandotherobjectsonshow,shefeltveryproudofhercountry._______manyvisitorsenjoyinglookingatthebeautifuloldChinesepotsandotherobjectsonshow,shetook___________hercountry.【答案】1.madeupof2.which/thatwere;built3.wasworried;listof4.brokedown5.Seeing;prideinIII．翻译句子1.在这个单词中，有一个字母漏掉了。2.未来，地铁将会逐步取代公共汽车，成为人们主要交通工具。3.如果你继续那样工作话，你身体很快会垮下来。4.噪音那么多，以至于演讲者无法使自己被听众听清楚。【答案】1.Aletterisleftoutinthisword.2.Thesubwaywilltaketheplaceofthebustobecomethemainvehicleforthepeopleinthefuture.3.Ifyoucontinueworkinglikethat,yourbodywillbreakdownsoon.4.Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimselfheard.Units3-51.impressionimpression是高考重点单词，考查角度通常有两点：一是名词词义辨析，二是leaveadeepimpressiononsb.句式。同时还应联想到impressive和impress主要用法：sth.impresssb.;sb.impresssb.withsth.或sb.impressonsb./sth.。预测2010年高考命题会以词义辨析为重点。2.remindremind是新课标要求必须完全掌握单词。考生一要掌握其词义，二要熟悉其主要用法：remindsb.ofsth.；remindthatclause，尤其是前者。可联想到informsb.of;warnsb.of，accusesb.of;convincesb.of等句式。预测2010年高考有可能考查该句式。3.requirerequire是新课标重点单词，必须掌握require，request与demand词义和用法上辨析。如requiretodo；requiresb.todo；demandtodo及其后面宾语从句或相应同位语从句中用thatsb./sth.(should)do虚拟语气句式。同时联想到suggest,order,insist等词类似用法。预测2010年高考试题将以考查虚拟语气用法为重点。4.approveapprove是新课标重点单词，考生应重点掌握其“赞许；批准；认可”词义，会区别appoint,approach,apply,appreciate,appropriate等重点词汇。除此以外，还应掌握approve(of)sth./doingsth.用法及其名词approval。预测2010年高考命题较有可能在完形填空或阅读理解中出现。5.blameblame为高考中高频考查词汇。考查角度通常为：①结合非谓语动词进行考查，如(2006·福建)；②考查其固定用法：betoblame,如（2006·安徽）。2010年高考有可能考查固定用法betoblame。6.takeup由take构成动词短语是历年高考重点，或者在单项填空中直接考查，或者在阅读理解中间接考查。takeup义项较多，但都必须牢记，同时联想take构成其他短语及其与pickup,