英语答案校对和问答题参考答案

英语答案校对和问答题参考答案英语答案校对和问答题参考答案英语答案校对和问答题参考答案英语答案校对和问答题参考答案编制仅供参考审核批准生效日期地址：电话：传真:邮编:Unit3判断题第一题和选择题第一题（C选项）貌似矛盾。。问答题：1、WhataresomeofthecharacteristicsoftheBritishconstitutionalmonarchy

HowhastheEnglishmonarchyevolvedgraduallytothepresentconstitutionalmonarchy?A:①theofficialheadofstateisthemonarchywithtraditionalandsymbolicpower.Thegovernmentiselectedbypeopleandgovernsaccordingtotheconstitutionalprinciples.②Inancienttimes,themonarchyruledthecountryaccordingtotheancientdoctrine“DivinerightofGod”.Atthattime,monarchyhadgreatpower.Inthemedievaltime,whentheKing’sownwealthcouldn’tcoverroyalexpenses,hewouldtrytopersuadetheGreatCounciltogivehimsomeextramoney.Bythe13thcentury,KingswidentheGreatCounciltoraisemoremoney.Inthisway,theGreatCouncilcametoincludewhoweresummonedbynameandrepresentativesofcommunities.Thepowerofparliamentbecamebiggerandbiggerovertime.Inthe17thcentury,theCivilWarbrokeoutwhichwasrootedinadisputeofthepoweroftheKingandParliament.TheroundheadsrepresentingtheParliamentdefeatedtheroyalists.ButarestorationtothethronewasachievedbyCharlesⅡin1660.In1688,theKingagreedtodeclarethatgoverningwithouttheparliamentisillegalintheGloriousRevolution.In1689,theBillofRightwaspassedbyparliamentwhichmakesuretheKingwouldneverbeabletoignoretheparliament.2、Howdidthedoctrineofthe“divinerightofking”,accordingtotheauthor,leadtotheCivilWarWhatdoyouknowabouttherevolutionofthe17thcentury

A:①ItwasheldthatthesovereignderivedhisauthorityfromGodnotfromhissubjects.Sothesovereigncandowhateverhelikes.ButwiththeacquisitionofpowerofParliament,king’spowerwaslimited.TheCivilwarwasrootedinadisputeoverthepowerofthekingandparliament.②thereweretworevolutionsof17thcentury:thecivilwarandthegloriousrevolution.ThecivilwarwasledbytheroundheadsthatrepresentingParliamentdefeatedtheroyalists.Theroundheadssucceededinoustingthemonarchy,CharlesⅠ,in1642andruledfor18yearsbeforethemonarchy,CharlesⅡ,wasrestored.Thegloriousrevolutionhappenedin1688,whenthekingJamesⅡalsotriedtogovernwithouttheconsentoftheparliament.LeadingpoliticiansandauthoritiesofthechurchaskJames’son-in-lawWilliamofOrange,toreplacehim.Inreturn,Williampromisedtheserepresentativesthathewilldeclarethatgoverningwithouttheparliamentconsenttobeillegal.In1689parliamentpassedtheBillofRightthatthekingwouldneverbeabletoignoreparliament.3、WhatisthehistoryofEnglishparliament

Whatroledidtheparliamentplayinthecivilwar?A:①Thetermwasfirstusedofficiallyin1236todescribethegatheringoffeudalbaronsandrepresentativesfromcountiesandtownswhichthekingoccasionallysummonedifhewantedtoraisemoney.Bythe13thCentury,kingfoundtheycouldnotmaketheendsmeetbyaskingmoneyfromthisquitesmallgroup,andsotheywidenedtheGreatCounciltoincluderepresentativesofcounties,citiesandtowns.ItwasinthiswaythattheGreatCouncilcametoincludeboththosewhoweresummoned“byname”(theHouseofLords)andrepresentativesofcommunities(theHouseofCommons).ThetwohousesexisttodaycollectivelywecallthemtheParliament.②Parliamentrepresentsthecommunity,havingnorealpoliticalright,andItwastheefforttoreasserttherightsofParliamentthatledtothecivilwar.4、DiscussthemajorcharacteristicsandthemaincontentofBritishconstitutionA:IsraelandBritainaretheonlytwocountrieswithoutwrittenconstitutions.ThefoundationsofBritishConstitutionarelaidoutin:①statutelawwhicharepassedbyParliament.②thecommonlaw:lawswhichhavebeenwrittenthroughcommonpracticeincourts.③conventions:rulesandpracticeswhichdonotexistlegallybutareneverthelessregardedasvitaltotheworkingofgovernment.5、WhydoestheauthorsaythatparliamentissupremeintheBritishstateWhatfunctiondoesparliamenthaveWhatroledoestheQueen(king)andPrimeMinisterplayinBritishgovernmentA:①parliamentcanchangethetermsofConstitutionandtherearenotlegalrestraintsuponit.②First,ItpasslawswhichisthemostimportantoneSecond,Itprovidesthemeansofcarryingontheworkofgovernmentbyvotingfortaxation.Third,Itscrutinizesgovernmentpolicy,administrationandexpenditureFourth,Itdebatesthemajorissuesoftheday.③TheQueenistheheadofexecutives,anintegralpartofthelegislature,headofthejudiciary,commanderofchiefofthearmedforces,aconfidantetotheprimeminister.④theprimeministeristheleaderofthepartywhichwinsthemostsupportersintheCommons.Heformthegovernment.6、WhatkindofinstitutionisthehouseofLords

WhatroledoesitplayintheBritishgovernment.

A:①ThehouseofLordsismadeoftheLordsSpiritual(archbishopsandmostprominentbishopsofthechurchofEngland)andtheLordsofTemporal(everyoneelse)②peersspeakandvoteasindividualsinparliament,notasrepresentativesofthegreatinterestsofthecountry.BecausethehouseofLordsisapartoftheparliament,itmustagreetopassagivenlegislationbeforethelegislationisputintoeffect.(课本40页第四段)Unit71、（1）Thepurposeofschoolistoprovidechildrenwithliteracyandtheotherbasicskillstheywilltobecomeactivemembersofsociety.ButthepurposeoftheBritisheducationsystemisalsotosocializechildren.（2）开放题2、ThecontroversiesineducationsystemreflectthedeeperdivisionsinBritishsocietyasawhole.Britainisasocietyinwhichsocialclassisstillveryimportant:classinequalitycanbeerasedorcontinuedaccordingtoeducationalpolicy.Ifyouunderstandtheimportanceoftherelationshipbetweeneducationandsocialclass,youcanunderstandagreatdealaboutBritishcultureandsociety.3、（1）WhentheGermansbegandroppingbombsonBritishcities,750000schoolchildrenwere“evacuated”toliveinthecountrysidewhereitwashopedtheywouldbesafer.Schoolswereclosedorusedforwarpurposesandeducationcontinuedinthecountrysideonanhocbasis.（2）moreequality（3）=1\*GB3①Theresultwasthe1944EducationActwhichmadeentrytosecondary（middle）schoolsanduniversities“meritocratic”.=2\*GB3②Inthe1960s,comprehensiveschoolswereintroducedalloverthecountry,whichendedthedivisionbetweengrammarschools.Entranceexamswereabolishedandschoolswerenolongerallowedtoletchildren“compete”forplaces.4、Universities,reflectingthetrendthroughouttheeducationsystem,havetraditionallyvbeenratherelitist.Moststudentswerefromthemiddleclasses,attendedgoodschools,performedwellintheirA-levelsandreceivedafully-fundedplaceinauniversity.5、(1)TheopenUniversityoffersanon-traditionalrouteforpeopletotakeuniversitylevelcoursesandreceiveauniversitydegree.Peoplecanregisterwithouthavinganyformaleducationalqualifications.Theyfollowuniversitycoursesthroughtextbooks,TVandradiobroadcasts,correspondence,videos,residentialschoolsandanetworkofstudycentres.(2)开放题Unit9TTFTTFFTTTCDBAACBCAAreadingnewspapersnational,dailyqualitytheGuardianthetabloidcensorshiptheBritishBroadcastingCorporationBBCOne;BBCTwoThetabloidsTheFinancialTimeTheOfficialSecretActFunctions,cultureIV.qualitypapersoneofthecategoriesofthenationaldailieswhichcarrymoreserious,in-deptharticlesofparticularpolitical,reviewsandfeaturearticlesabouthighculture.Theyarealsoreferredasthe‘’broadsheets’’andtheirreadersaregenerallyawell-educatedmiddleclassaudience.tabloidsasmallformatnewspaperswithcolorphotosandcatchyheadlines.Usuallyinterestedinscandalsandgossipaboutfamouspeople.theTimesTheTimesbeganpublishingin1785anditistheUnitedKingdom’soldestdailynewspaper.BBCTheBritishBroadcastingCorporation.Foundedin1927asapublicserviceradiostationandlatermovedintelevision.It’sBritain’mainpublicservicebroadcasterwhichhas2channels.QuestionsBecauseformostBritishpeople,mostdaybeginwithalookatthemorningnewspapers.Onanaverageday,90%ofBritonsovertheageof15readanationalorlocalpaper.Andintheevening,mostBritonssettledowntowatchsometelevision:96%ofthepopulationwatchTVatleastonceaweek.Theyprovidepeoplewithinformationaboutpoliticalandsocialissues;provideweatherreports;carryadvertising;providepeopleaforumforpeopletoexpresstheirviewsorseekadvice.ButBritishmediaplayanimportantroleinengenderinganationalculture.Britishnewspapercultureisunusualintheextenttowhichclasseducationaldifferencesarereflectedinthenewspaperspeopleread.Althoughmostnewspapersarefinanciallyindependentofpoliticalparties,theyoftenexpressparticularpoliticalviewsandmostpeoplewillchoosetoreadanewspaperwhichaccordswiththeirownfellings.NewspaperreadinginAmericaisamainlymiddle-classhabit,butinBritainthe“lowerclasses”arealsoregulars.Thereisnoparticularstatecensorship,butmanyBritishlawslimitthefreedomofthepress.ThemediasuchasjournalisalsoaffectedbytheOfficialSecretsActs,alegalactwhichstipulatesthatallgovernmentinformationiskeptsecretunlessthegovernmentsaysitcanbereleased.TheBBCisfundedbylicensefeesandviewersmustbuyalicenseeachyearfortheirTVset.BecausetheBBCisfundedbylicensefees,therearetechnicallynocommercials,althoughbetweenshowstherearetrailersforupcomingshowsandpromotionsforproductsassociatedwiththeBBC.Unit10判断、选择、填空校对判断10.FP157ScotlandLine2(InIreland[Scotland],NewYear’sEve…)填空4RoyalAscotP153Line3问答Q1:FindsomeexamplesfromthetexttodemonstratehowChristianChurchhasinfluencedthesportsandleisureactivitiesoftheBritish.A1:Example1:SundayisstillthedaythatmostpeoplehaveoffintheUKbecauseitisthedayoftheweekwheneveryonetraditionallywenttoChurch.Example2:TenniswasinventedinBritainanditowesitsorigins,literally,totheChurch.Churchrecordsindicatethatbythemid-15thcentury,peopleweremakingagameofbouncingaballoffthesideoftheirlocalchurchesorcathedrals,fisrtusingthehand,andlateraracquet.Q2:WhyiscricketveryEnglishWhydoestheauthorbelievethatcricketwasassociatedwithasetofEnglishvalues

A2:CricketwasoneoftheveryfirstteamsportsinBritaintohaveoragnisedrulesandtobeplayedaccordingtothesamerulesnationally.Inthe19thcentury,cricketbecamea“snob”gameplayedbyboyswhoattendedpublicschools.AsgenerationsofpublicschoolboysgrewuptobecomethecivilservantsandrulersoftheUK,cricketbecameassociatedwithasetofEnglishvalues,inparticulartheideaof“fairplay”whichcharacterizedBritishgovernmentQ3:HowdotheBritishcelebrateChristmas

InwhatwaydoesthisholidayandthewaysofcelebrationinBritainreflectWesternculturaltraditioningeneralandBritishtraditionsinparticular?A3:FormancienttimestherearemanyCelticorpagantraditionssuchasdecoratingthehousewithevergreenplantslikehollyandivy,orkissingunderatwigofmistletoe.NowadaysChristmasiscelebratedbyexchanginggiftsandChristmascards,preparingholidayfoodsanddecoratinghomesandworkplacesitscolouredlightsChristmastreesandornaments.TherearethreewaysthatareparticularlyBritish:oneistheChristmasPantomime.Itisacomicalmusicalplayusuallybasedonapopulartraditionalchildren’sstory,therearetwomaincharactersintheplay:themainmalecharacter,“theprincipalboy”,isplayedbyayoungwoman,and“theDame”,oftenanuglywoman,isplayedbyaman.AnotherBritishChristmastraditionistoheartheQueengiveherChristmasmessagetoherrealmoverthetelevisionandradio.Sheusuallytalksabouttheyearthathaspassedandexpressesherhopesforthefuture.AthirdBritishtradition,whichisalsocelebratedincountrieswithBritishheritages,isBoxingDay,whichfallsonthedayafterChristmas.Traditionally,itwasonBoxingDaythatpeoplegaveChristmasgiftsormoneytotheirstafforservants.NowthatmostBritishpeopledonothaveservants,thiscustomisnolongerobserved.However,anewBoxingDaycustomhasemerged,inthecitiesatleast:shopping.ShopsopenuptoselloffalltheirChristmasstockdecorations,food,cardsandgiftitemsatlowprices.Q4:InwhatwayaretheWelshpeopledifferentfromEngland,Scotland,andNorthernIrelandincelebratingtheirholidays

[书上木有答案]下册Unit4判断题第8题没有在书中找到答案。选择题没有问题简答题1.①(1)whenthewarofindependencewasover,theunitedstateswasnotoneunifiednation.(2)Eachnewstatehaditsowngovernmentandwasorganizedlikeanindependentnation.(3)Eachmadeitsownlawsandhandledallofitsinternalaffairs.(4)ThestatesdidnotcooperatewiththeCongressorwitheachother.(5)whentheCongressneededmoneytopaythenationalarmyortopaydebtsowedtoFranceandothernations,somestatesrefusedtocontribute.(6)TheCongresshadbeennoauthoritytoforceanystatetodoanything.itcouldnottaxanycitizen.Onlythestateinwhichacitizenlivedcoulddothat.②itwasnecessary.ThefutureofAmericanwouldbeingrayiftherewerenotanychanges.Theycouldnotwintherespectofothernationsifthestatesdidnotpaytheirdebts.Theycouldnotimprovethecountrybybuildingroadsorcanalsifthestateswouldnotworktogether.2.我相信不会考，你们相信我么。。。3.①legislativebranch:themaindutyofthecongressistomakelaws,levyfederaltaxes,declarewarorputforeigntreatiesintoeffect.Executivebranch:Thepresident,thechiefformulatorofpublicpolicy,hasbroadpowerstoissueregulationsanddirectives,andappointstheheadsandseniorofficialsoftheexecutivebranchagencies.Judicialbranch:theCourt’smostimportantfunctionconsistsofdeterminingwhethercongressionallegislationorexecutiveactionviolatestheConstitution.Thechecksandbalance:ThebillpassedbyCongressshouldbesenttothepresidentforhissignature.AndthepresidentcanvoteanybillpassedbyCongress,thevotecanalsobeoverriddeniftwo-thirdsofthemembersofbothhousesinCongressvoteinfavorofit.Thepresidenthastheauthoritytomaketreatieswithothernationsandtoappointfederaljudgesasvacanciesoccur,includingmembersoftheSupremeCourt.AllsuchtreatiesandcourtappointmentsaresubjecttoconfirmationbytheSenate.Thepresidenthastheauthoritytoappointfederaljudgesasvacanciesoccur,includingmembersoftheSupremeCourt.TheCourtcandeterminewhethertheexecutiveactionviolatestheConstitutionandhastherightofexamination.TheCongresscanremovethefederaljudgesthroughtheprocessofimpeachmentandtrial,andtheSupremeCourthasthepowertodeclarethelawunconstitutionalpassedbytheCongressandthereforenolongerineffect.见图示：4．见名词解释5课后答案5．Today,theunitedstateshastwomajorparties.OneistheDemocraticParty,whichisevolvedoutofThomasJefferson’sparty,formedbefore1800.Thesymbolisdonkey.AndmostAmericansconsidertheDemocraticpartythemoreliberalparty.BythattheymeanDemocratsbelievethefederalgovernmentandthegovernmentsshouldbeactiveinprovidingsocialandeconomicprogramsforthosewhoneedthem.TheotherpartyistheRepublicanParty,whichwasformedinthe1850sbypeopleinthestateoftheNorthandWest.Thesymbolofitistheelephant.IncontrasttotheDemocraticParty,theRepublicansarenotnecessarilyopposedtosocialprograms,theybelievesuchprogramsaretoocostlytothetaxpayers.TheyplacemoreemphasisonprivateenterpriseandoftenaccusetheDemocratsofmakingtheinitiative.soAmericanstendtothinktherepublicanPartyasmoreconservative.拼写错误敬请谅解！！下U8EducationintheUS问答题WhatisthegoalofeducationintheUS?P118Thegoalistoachieveuniversalliteracyandtoprovideindividualswiththeknowledgeandskillsnecessarytopromoteboththeirownindividualwelfateaswellasthatofthegeneralpublic.HowdidAmericaneducationsystembegintodevelop?P121(1)WithinjustafewyearsafterthePuritans’arrival,theytookstepstosetupasystemofeducationintheircolony:In1634,theyopeneda“latingrammar”school.In1636,HarvardCollegewasfoundedforthetrainingofreligiousministers.In1634and1638,thePuritanspassedlawsdeclaringthatallpropertycouldbetaxedforthecommengood,whichincludedthesupportofschools.In1642and1647,theBayGolonypassedlawsrequiringallparentstoprovidereadingeducationfortheirchildren.Thus,inlessthan20years,thePuritansintroducedcompulsoryeducationforallchildreninthe17thcentury.P122(2)The10thAmendmentoftheConstitutionguaranteestherightofeachstatetoprovidefortheeducationofitspeople.(3)In1954theSupremeCourtruleditisunconstitutionaltosegregateblacksintoseparateschool.P123(4*)MoreandmoreAmericansviewedtheuniversityasthedoorwaytoamedicalorlawdegree,apositioningovernment,oramanagementpositioninamajorbusinessoffice.本人认为此题是开放题。。。Unit10Socialproblems选择题、判断题、填空题木有发现错误。问答题：Americansocietyisastratifiedone,inwhichpower,wealth,andprestigeareunequallydistributedamongthepopulation.Thisinequalityisnotsimplyamatterofdistinctionsbetweengenderandsocialclasses;ittendstofollowracialandethniclinesaswell.Withtheresultthatclassdivisionsoftenparallelracialdivisions.Thefirstmalesettlersfrom“Anglo-Saxon”northwesternEuropequicklytookcontrolofeconomicassetsandpoliticalpowerintheUnitedStates,andtheyhavemaintainedthiscontrol,toagreaterorlesserdegree,eversince.SuccessivewavesofimmigrantsfromotherpartsofEuropeandelsewhereintheworldhadtostrugglelongandhardtobecomeassimilatedintothemainstreamofAmericanlife.Thosewhoseethnicorracialcharacteristicsdiffermostmarkedlyfromthoseofthedominantgroups—havebeenexcludedbyformalandinformalbarriersfromfullparticipationinAmericanlife.Origin:Withinafewdecadesafter1619,AfricansweresoldasslavetotheUnitedStatesthroughmassiveslavetrade.Thewhitesoldthemlikecattleatauction.Theysufferedoppression,discrimination,anddenialofbasiccivilrightsandliberties.Development:TheNorthernstateshadalloutlawedslaveryby1830,butintheSouthernstates,theslaverywasnotabolisheduntilthecivilwarin1863.Theinstitutionwasendedby13thAmendmenttotheConstitutionin1865.Butevenafterthat,wholesalediscriminationwaspracticedagainstblackAmericans.SegregationlawscontinuedtobeenforcedinSouthernstatesuntil1950s;intheNorththeinformalmethodswereused.The1960ssawthegreatcivilrightsmovement.Currentsituation:ThecurrentstatusofAfro-Americanspresentsamixedpicture.Theeliminationoflegalbarrierstotheiradvancementhasbeenamajorgain,butinstitutionalizeddiscriminationisstillrife.Racerelationsbetweenblackandwhitestillleavemuchtobedesired,althoughthereisunmistakableevidenceofsomeimprovementsinattitudes.(1)PovertyintheUnitedStatesdosenotsimplymeanthatthepoordonotlivequiteaswellasothercitizens.Itmeansmanyoldpeopleeatingdogandcatfoodtosupplementtheirdiets,malnutritionanddeprivationforhundredsofthousandsofchildren,greatersusceptibilitytodiseasetoalcoholism,tovictimizationbycriminalsandtomentaldisorders.Itoftenmeansunstablemarriages,slumhousing,illiteracy,ignorance,inadequatemedicalfacilities,andshortenedlifeexpectancy.Povertycanmeanlowself-esteem,despair,andstuntingofhumanpotential.BecausethecontinuedexistenceofpovertyinagenerallyaffluentAmericansocietyraiseseriousmoralquestions—andinevitablycreatesfierceconflictsofinterestandmanypoliticalcontroversies.5.(1)BecauseitisperceivedbymostAmericansasamajorthreattooursociety,particularlytoitsyoungermembers.(2)Becauseithasawiderangeofsocialcosts,ordysfunctions,likecrime,automobileaccidents,economiclossesandbadeffectsonindividuals.Unit13判断题12课后答案是F，但是根据P21653条和P211第10行，推断答案是T选择、填空没错。个人认为此单元的问答题都是开放题，不会考。下15判断正误4、5题没在书上找到依据选择10第248页，第2段第2行、6行、倒数2行（可能题目有问题，也许是youcan’tsee）问答题1、2、3、5都是开放性问题4、=1\*GB3①Alaskaiscalledthe”lastgreatplace”becausemanygreatplacesonourplanethavebeenover-exploitedbyhumansforeconomicgains.=2\*GB3②Thisarea(ANWR)onthenorthAlaskancoastisrichinoilresourse.=3\*GB3③ThedebatehasbeengoingonoverthequestionofdrillingoilornotinANWRsince1997.Shallwehumansrecklesslyexploitnaturetosatisfyourgrowingneedsorshallwedoourbesttopreservenaturetosaveourplanetfromfurtherdamage

Unit16I.Multiplechoices1~5.ABDCB6~10.DCBCCp259:”......andn