2023新高考新教材版英语高考第二轮复习-专题九　推理判断

2023新高考新教材版英语高考第二轮复习专题九推理判断Passage1In2007,theAfricanUnionannouncedanambitiousproject-toplanttheGreatGreenWall（GGW）,abandoftreesthatwouldstretchthelengthoftheSahel.TheGGWisanecologicalrestorationprojectdesignedbyAfricanpeopleforAfricanpeople.Heavyrain,droughts,wildfireandlandslideshaveallbecomecommonthroughouttheworld.ButnowhereisquiteliketheSahel.InthishugeAfricanregion,climatechangehasmaterializedinadramaticmanner.Insomecases,thesevereconditionshaveleftpeoplewithnooptionotherthantomigrateelsewheretosurvive.Itwaswithallofthisinmindthattheextraordinary,butheavilydebatedprojectwasfirstputforward.Fourteenyearshaspassedsincetheinitiativeformallykickedoff.Thestatedgoalwastocreatea15-kilometre-wide,8,000-kilometre-longgreenbeltoftreesandotherplantsthat,by2030,wouldspan（跨越）theentirewidthoftheSahel,fromSenegaltoDjibouti.Overall,100millionhectares（公顷）oflandwouldberestoredby2030.Oncecompleted,itwasannouncedthatthewallcouldendupcapturing（俘获）250milliontonnesofcarbondioxide,whileitscreationandupkeepcouldcreatetenmillionjobsinruralareas.Lookingattheprojectasawhole,there'sstillalongwaytogo.AccordingtoastatusreportbytheUNConventiontoCombatDesertification,aboutfourmillionhectaresofdegradedlandhavebeenrestored.Thismeansthatprogresstowardsthe100millionhectarestargetstandsatjustfourpercent.“Whenwestartedrestoringthesoil,werealizedtheareaatriskwasmuchwiderthanweinitiallythought,explainsElvisPaulTangem,theAfricanUnion'sGGWcoordinator.€tWehadfewfundstopushtheinitiativeasmuchaswewantedto.Therewasskepticismamonginvestors,whodidn'tunderstandtheproject,butalsoamongtheAfricanstatesthemselves,whichneededtimetofigureoutiftheGGWwasapriority.”.WhatisthepurposeoftheGGWproject?A.Toimprovelocalecology.B.Todevelopruraleconomy.C.Topredictclimatepatterns.D.Tostrengthenregionalties..WhatdothestatisticsinParagraph3showoftheinitiative?A.Theserviceperiod. B.Thetotalbudget.C.Thetargetedgroups.D.Theexpectedbenefits..HowdoesElvisPaulTangemfeelabouttheproject?A.Skeptical. B.Worried.C.Confident. D.Satisfied..Whatmessagedoestheauthorintendtoconveyinthetext?A.Africancountriesshouldstandtogether.B.TheprogressoftheGGWprojectisslow.C.Fightingclimatechangeisourtoppriority.D.Naturaldisastersareworsethanwethought.答案［语篇解读］本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了“非洲绿色长城”计划（GGW）的实施状况。.A推理判断题。根据第二段第一句（GGW是一项非洲人为非洲人设计的生态修复工程。）可知.GGW项目的目的在于改善当地生态。故选A..D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“建立15千米宽.8,000千米长的植物绿化带”，恢复T乙公顷土地”“俘获2.5亿吨二氧化碳”“创造1000万个工作岗位”可知，这峻字都是GGW项目的预期收益。故选D。.B推理判断题。根据最后一段结尾内容（我们几乎没有资金来尽量按想要的那样推动项目。投资者中间出现怀疑态度，他们不理解该项目.而且非洲国家自己也怀疑，这需要时间审视该项目是不是优势项目。）可知,ElvisPaulTangem对该项目是担心的。故选B。.B推理判断题。根据第四段（从整体来看，该项目还有很长的路要走。根据《联合国防治荒漠化公约》状态报告显示，大约400万公顷退化土地得以恢复。这就意味着恢复1亿公顷的目标仅达成4%。）可知.作者在本文想传达的信息是:GGW项目进展缓慢。故选B。Passage2OnFridayJanuary14,2022,ablastwasheard2,000kmawayinNewZealandand3,300kmawayinAustralia.BoatscrashedintoaquietharborinSouthernCalifornia,aremoteislandwasbatteredinJapanby4-footwavesandtwowomenwereswepttotheirdeathsonabeachinPerusome6,000milesfromanunderseavolcaniceruptionsopowerfulthatthetsunamiwhichitsetoffstirredoceanwatershalfwayacrosstheglobe.ButonSunday,asreportsofthevolcano'seffectcrowdedinfromfar-flungcountries,therewaslittlewordfromTonga,theislandnationjust40milesfromthesiteoftheextraordinaryexplosion.Asconcernsfromallovertheworldgrew,thenationofabout100,000peopleremainedlargelycutofffromtherestoftheworld,itsunderseaInternetcablesknockedoutofcommissionbythevolcano.InTongaonSunday,manyresidentslostnotonlycommunicationchannelsbutelectricpower.Upto80,000peopletherecouldbeaffected,theInternationalFederationofRedCrossandRedCrescentSocietiestoldtheBBC.NewZealandandothernationsintheregionpledgedtogiveTongaaidtorecover.Butwithheavyconcentrationsofairborneashmakingflightsimpossible,justliketheIcelandvolcaniceruptionin2021,itwasdifficulteventoknowwhatwasneeded.Ardern,NewZealandPrimeMinister,saidflightsoverTongawereplannedforMondayorTuesday,dependingonashconditions.Tongahasexperiencedasuccessionofnaturaldisastersinrecentyears.In2018,morethan170homesweredestroyedandtwopeoplekilledbyCycloneGita,aCategory5tropicalstorm.In2020,CycloneHaroldcausedabout$111millionindamage..Whichcountrywasn'taffectedbyTongaunderseavolcaniceruptions?A.America. B.Japan. C.Peru. D.Iceland..Howmuchareaoftheseawaterdidthevolcaniceruptionstir?A.20%. B.30%, C.50%. D.70%..Whichphrasecanreplacetheunderlinedwords“outofcommission^^?A.outofaction B.outofrangeC.outofexistence D.outofaccount.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.TheIcelandvolcaniceruptionin2021madenearbyflightsdelayed.B.NewZealandaswellasothernationsintheregiongaveTongaaidtimely.C.FlightscouldreachTongatwodaysaftertheeruption.D.TheunderseavolcaniceruptioncausedsevererdamagetoTongathaneverbefore.答案［语篇解读I本文为新闻报道。当地时间2022年1月14日太平洋岛国汤加发生海底火山喷发,致使该国与外界中断联系.同时引发海啸,影响多个太平洋沿岸国家。.D细节理解题。根据第一段中出现的“NewZealand”“Australia”“SouthemCalifomia”“Japan”和“Peru”可知,D项（冰岛）未受本次汤加海底火山喷发的影响。.C细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“thetsunamiwhichitsetoffstirredoceanwatershalfwayacrosstheglobe”（本次海底火山喷发引起的海啸搅动了半个地球的海水）可知火山喷发搅动了50%的区域的海水。故选C..A猜测词义题。根据第二段第二句中的“这个有着大约10万人口的国家仍然在很大程度上与世隔绝”可推知，汤加的海底网络电缆不能使用.故A项（不能工作;停止运转）符合语境。.A推理判断题。根据第四段第二句（但是由于空气中高浓度的火山灰使空中航行变得不可能，正如2021年冰岛火山喷发一样，甚至很难知道汤加需要些什么）可推知A项（2021年冰岛火山喷发造成附近航班延误）正确。Passage3It'snosecretthatwalkingisgoodforyou.Manyofusaretryingtogetinthoserecommended10,000stepsadaythatourwearablefitnesstechnologyurgesustoachieve.Buthowmanycaloriesareweactuallyburning,andhowcanwegetthemostoutofthosesteps?Findanswersintheseways.Doyouknowthetruthaboutcalorie-burning?Walkingisamoderateintensityformofexercise.Togetthemostcalorie-burningbenefits,then,itwouldseemthatwalkingataconsistentlylightpacewouldmakethemostsense.Payattentiontoyourheartrateandhowyoufeel.Wearabletechnologiescancertainlyprovideanideaofprogresstowardyourcalorie-burninggoals.Usingfitnesstrackerequipmenttohelpyourecognizewhenyoureachyourtargetheartratezonescanhelpyoumaximizethecalorie-burning.Walkingisoftenconsideredasagreatfat-burningexercise,andforgoodreason.Youcan'treallywalkathigherintensitiesbecauseofthenatureoftheexercise;therefore,youendupinlow-intensityzones,whereyoutendtoburnmorefat.Whenyou'rewalkingatalighterintensitywithyourheartrateinthe57%to63%range,youaremorelikelytobeusingfatforfuel.Nomatterwhatyourspeedis,formmatters.Whendonewithgoodform,walkingisanincrediblybeneficialformofexercisefortotalhealthandwellnessbeyondmerecalorie-burning.Moreover,walkingisthemostaccessibleformofexercisebecauseitdoesn'trequireanyspecialclothes,equipmentormemberships.Whetheryourgoalisfatloss,increasedfitnessorsimplyenhancingyouroverallhealthandwellness,walkingoffersallthesebenefitsandmore..WhatisthepurposeofParagraph1?A.Tointroducethetopic.B.Tocomparewalkingwithotherexercise.C.Toexplainthewearablefitnesstechnology.D.Toshowtheimportanceof10,000stepsaday..Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intensity“inParagraph2mean?A.Depth. B.Strength.C.Height. D.Distance..Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Walkingathighintensitiesisrecommended.B.Yourwalkingspeedisthemostimportanttocalorie-burning.C.Walkingcanburncaloriesbetterifyouwalkinaproperform.D.Itismoreconvenienttowalkforthosewhohaveagymmembership..Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Walking10,000StepsaDayMattersB.WalkingBenefitsYourHeartC.HowtoBestBurnCalorieswhileWalkingD.HowtoUseWearableFitnessTechnologieswhileWalking兹室口木［语篇解读］本文为说明文。文章介绍了几种充分利用走路消耗热量的方法。1.A推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句（但实际上我们消耗了多少热量并且我们该如何充分利用那些步数呢?用以下方法寻求答案。）可知.第一段的目的在于引出文章主题。故选A。2.B猜测词义题。根据第二段第三句（因此，为了获得最大热量消耗的成效,始终保持以轻快的步伐走路似乎最合理。）可知,走路是一种中等强度的运动形式。故B项（强度）正确。.C推理判断题。根据第三段第三、四句（当你以更轻的强度走路心率在57%至63%之间时，你更有可能在用脂肪作为燃料。无论什么样的速度,形式很重要。）可知C项（如果你以合适的形式走路，走路就能更好地消耗热量）正确。.C主旨要义题。根据第一段最后两句（但实际上我们消耗了多少热量并且我们该如何充分利用那些步数呢?用以下方法寻求答案。）可知C项（如何在走路时最好地消耗热量）符合文章主旨。Passage4Peopleplaythelottery（博彩）inthehopeofwinningmoney,sometimesalotofmoney.Yourchancesofwinningaresmall,butthepay-offscanbebig.Ittakesalotoflucktowin.ButforawomaninMassachusetts,winningthelotteryinvolvedmorethanluck.Itinvolvedextremehonestyandkindness.LeaRoseFiegaaccidentallythrewouta$1millionlotteryticket.Butthankstothekindnessandhonestyoftheownersofthestorewheresheboughtit,sheeventuallycollectedherwinnings.Fiegaboughtthe$30DiamondMillionsscratch-offticketinMarchataconveniencestoreinSouthwick,Massachusetts.Thestoreisnearherworkplace.AnditisnamedtheLuckyStop.Shesaid,“Iwasinahurry,onmylunchbreak,andjustscratcheditreallyquicklyanditdidn'tlooklikeawinner...MSo,shehandedittothestoreownerstothrowaway.Theticketlayinthestorefor10days."Oneevening,Iwasgoingthroughtheticketsfromthetrashandfoundoutthatshedidn'tscratchthenumber,^^AbhiShah,thesonofthestore'sowners,toldalocaltelevisionstation.So,hescratchedthenumber.Itwasa$1millionticket.Fiegaisaregularcustomer.So,thefamilyknewimmediatelywhohadthrownitaway.Shahwenttoseeheratwork.Fiegasaid,“Hecametomyofficeandsaid,kMymomanddadwouldliketoseeyou.'"Shetoldtheyoungmanthatshewasbusyworking.Buthesaid,“No,youhavetocomeover.”So,Fiegawenttothestoreandthatwaswhenthefamilytoldherthenews."Iwasintotaldisbelief/'Fiegasaid."Icried.1huggedthem.^^Thestoregets$10,000fromthestatelotterycompanyforsellingthewinningticket.Fiegasaidshegavethefamilysomemoneytothankthem.Sheissavingtherestforretirement..WhatmadeFieganearlylosehergreatfortune?A.Greed.B.Kindness.C.Generosity. D.Carelessness..HowdidFiegainitiallyexpectthestoreownerstohandleherticket?A.Bygettingridofit.B.Bysellingittoothers.C.Bykeepingarecordofit.D.Bykeepingitfbrher..WhydidShahinsistthatFiegagotoseehisparents?A.Totrickherintogoingbacktotheirstore.B.Todivideupthelotterywinnings.C.Toreturnthelotterytickettoher.D.Toidentifytheownerofthelotteryticket..Whichwordbestdescribestheoutcomeoftheincident?A.Unfair.B.Win-win. C.Regrettable. D.Uncertain.林空［语篇解读］本文为新闻报道。马萨诸塞州诚实善良的便利店老板发现顾客扔掉的彩票中了100万美元后，完璧归赵。.D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句（LeaRoseFiega意外地丢掉了一张100万美元的彩票。）可知.是Fiega的粗心才使得她差一点与巨额财富失之交臂。故选D。.A细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句（所以，她把彩票丢给便利店老板,让他们丢掉。）可知她最初期望店老板处理掉彩票。故选A。.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段（所以Fiega去了便利店，就在那时这家人告诉了她这个消息。‘我完全不敢相信,"Fiega说，“我哭了并拥抱了他们。“同知Shah坚持让Fiega去见自己的父母，目的是要告诉她这个消息，并把彩票还给她。故选配.B推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，商店得到了州彩票公司的10,000美元奖励。Fiega也拿了一些钱给这家人以表感谢.剩余的存起来,退休后再用。这对双方来说是双赢的结果，故选B。Passage5EdwardO.Wilson,knownas“antman”,wasbomonJune10,1929,inBirmingham,Alabama.Hisparentsdivorcedwhenhewasyoung,andhewasmovedfrequentlythroughouthischildhood.Wilsongrewupexploringtheforestsandwildlife.Oneoftheseadventureslefthimpartlyblind,buttheyalsosetoffhislifelongfascinationwithantsandtheirsocialstructures.Wilsonearnedhisbachelor'sandmaster'sdegreesfromtheUniversityofAlabama.In1955,hereceivedhisPh.D.fromHarvardandworkedthereuntilretirement.Wilson'searlystudyofantsledtohisfirstmajordiscoveryin1959:howantscommunicatethroughthereleaseofchemicalsignals.Later,in1990,WilsonandGermanbiologistBertHolldoblerpublishedtheirPulitzer-winningTheAnts.Itdetailedtheinsects9socialstructurethatwasbothvaluedbyscholarsandaccessibletogeneralreaders.AnotherofWilson'smajorworksstartedintheearly1960swhenheteamedupwithRobertMacArthur.ThepairpublishedTheTheoryofIslandBiogeography,wheretheysoughttoexplainwhydifferentplaceshavedifferentnumbersofspecies.WhatmanyconsidertobeWilson'smostimportantcontributionstoevolutionarybiologycamein1975whenhepublishedSociobiology:TheNewSynthesis.Theworkexploredthegeneticrootsofanimalbehaviorandarguedthatgenesshapedhumanbehavior.Wilsonfacedaccusationsfortheseideasbuthisworkfinallylargelyprovedtrue.In1978,hisideasontherolebiologyplaysinhumanculturepeakedinOnHumanNature,whichwonhimaPulitzerin1979.Wilsonpublishedmorethan400scientificpapersand30books.Theseaccomplishmentsofferedhimatypeofsuperstarstatus,butfriendsandcolleaguessaidthepoliteSouthernerremaineddowntoearth.'"ProfessorWilsonreallylistenedtoandengagedwithwhomeverhewasinteractingwith,“saidCorrieS.Moreau,whowasoneofWilson'sfinaladvisees..WhatcontributedtoWilson'spassionforants?A.Hisaccidentaldisability.B.Thediscoveryhemadeaboutants.C.Theschooleducationhereceived.D.Hisboyhoodtimespentinnature..WhatisWilson'sfirstPulitzer-winningbookabout?A.Thesocialstructureofants.B.Thedistributionofdifferentspecies.C.Thelinksbetweenbiologyandhumanculture.D.Theroleofchemicalsignalsincommunication..Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichwordbestdescribesWilson?A.Humorous.B.Humble.C.Open-minded.0.Independent..Whatisthebesttitleofthistext?A.ThePioneering"AntMan”B.DiscoveriesinEvolutionaryBiologyC.ALeadingFigureinPopularScienceD.TheAdventureofaPulitzerPrizeWinner答案［语篇解读］本文为记叙文.文章讲述了“蚁人”爰德华•威尔逊的生平及取得的非凡成就。.D细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句（威尔逊在探索森林和野生动物中长大，其中一次探险致使他失去了部分视力.但探险也激发了他对蚂蚁及其社会结构的终生迷恋）可知，他在自然界中度过的童年时光促成了他对蚂蚁的酷爱。故D项正确。.A细节理解题。根据第四段（后来，在1990年，威尔逊和德国生物学家BertHWdobler出版了他们第一部普利策奖获奖作品《蚂蚁》。作品详细介绍了这种昆虫的社会结构……）可知A项正确。.B推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句（这些成就给他提供了超级明星的地位.但朋友和同事们都说这位有礼貌的南方人仍然很务实）可知,爰德华・威尔逊很谦逊，不虚荣。古攵选B。4.A主旨要义题。根据第一段第一句并结合全文可知，本文讲述了“蚁人”爱德华・威尔逊的生平及取得的非凡成就.故A项（开创性的“蚁人”）符合本文主旨。Passage6Scientistshavelongsoughttopreventsharpmemoriesfromdullingwithage,buttheproblemremainsunsettled.AnewstudypublishedinScientificReportssuggestsvirtualrealitymighthelpolderpeoplerecallfactsandeventsbasedonspecificdetails.Thestudyinvolved42healthyolderadultsfromtheSanFranciscoBayArea.Halfspentadozenhoursoverfourweeksplayingavirtual-realitygamecalledLabyrinth;theyworeheadsetsandwalkedinplace,walkingvirtualneighborhoodswhilecompletingsmalltasks.Theotherhalf,inthecontrolgroup,usedelectronictabletstoplaygamesthatdidnotrequirerecallingdetails.After15sessions,thelatterperformedroughlythesameasbeforeonalong-termmemorytest.ButtheLabyrinthplayersgainedanimprovementinmemorythroughtheVRgame.AscientistPeterWaisoftheUniversityofCaliforniasaidtheimprovementsbroughtthemuptothelevelofanothergroupofyoungeradultstakingthesamememorytests.MeredithThompson,aneducationresearcher,studieslearningthroughVRgamesbutwasnotinvolvedinthenewstudy."Itwouldbegreattoactuallyfollowpeopleovertimeandseewhatthistypeofgamedoesforlong-termmemory,shesays,addingVRcanprovidegreaterinvolvementthanothergames.Wais'steamisnowinvestigatinghowlongtheobservedeffectslastandwhichelementsofthetraininghavethemostimpact.Acognitivepsychologist,DanielSimons,whowasalsonotinvolvedinthestudy,notesexperimentswithothergamesthatclaimtotrainthebrainhaveoftenfailedtoevaluatethis.Anditremainsunclearhowtestperformanceinalaboratorysettingmighttranslateintoreal-worldsituations.uTheoutcome,Simonsnotes,"needstoberepeated,ideallywithamuchlargergroup,beforeit'streatedasastrongfinding/9Fornow,Waissays,theteamhopesitsstudieswithsimilar-sizedgroupswillhelpdrawfundingtotestthegameinalargerpoolofparticipants..Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Virtualrealitymaybetterolderadults'memory.B.OldpeopleshouldplayVRgamestoavoidaging.C.Virtualrealitymightchangepeople'smemory.D.People'smemorytendstofadeasthey9reaging..WhatisMeredithThompson'sattitudetotheresearch?A.Uncaring. B.Cautious.C.Worried.D.Satisfied..Whydoestheresearchneedimprovingaccordingtothescientists?A.Itfailedtoreceivefinancialsupport.B.Itcouldn'tbeappliedintherealworld.C.Thetestperformancewasunsatisfying.D.Limitedparticipantsmadeitunconvincing..Wheremaythetextcomefrom?A.Asciencefiction.B.Abookreview.C.Asciencemagazine.D.Asportsmagazine.蚀;空口［语篇解读］本文为说明文。研究发现虚拟现实可以帮助老年人回忆往昔.改善记忆力。1.A主旨要义题。根据第一段第二句（《科学报告》公布的一项新的研究表明,虚拟现实可以帮助老年人回忆起基于具体细节的事实和事件）可知A项（虚拟现实可以改善老年人的记忆力）正确。2.B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“教育研究员MeredithThompson通过虚拟现实游戏研究学习，但没有参与此项新研究。她说「实际上长时间跟踪这些人，然后再看看虚拟现实游戏对长期记忆有什么样的影响会很好。”'可知MeredithThompson对该研究持谨慎的态度。.D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句（Simons指出，该研究结果在被视为重大发现之前.需要反复实验，最好放在更大的群体中）可推知，参与者数量有限使得研究结果难以令人信服。故选D。.C推理判断题。根据本文出现的“Scientists""Anewstudy,,MScientificReports,KtThestudy""researcher”等字眼可推知.本文属于科学研究，可能出现在科学杂志上。Passage7Facebookhaslauncheditsfirstpairofsmartglasses,whichhousespeakersandcameras,builtwitheyewearfirmRay-Ban.Theglasses,whichareavailableinarangeofcoloursandstyles,arepricedat£299andwillbeavailablefromSeptember13.CalledRay-BanStories,theglassesfeaturetwofive-megapixelcamerastotakephotosandvideos,aswellasbuilt-inmicrophonesandspeakersenablinguserstomakecallsandlistentoaudio.Theglassesalsocomewithbuilt-inLEDlightstoletpeoplenearbyknowwhentheweareristakingaphotoorvideoandpairwiththenewFacebookViewapp,whichenablesuserstosharecontentfromtheglassesontheirsocialmediaaccounts.Announcingthenewhardware,Facebookacknowledgedthatprivacywasakeyissueithadbeenlookingtoaddresswhencreatingthenewdevice.t6Aswithanynewdevice,wehaveabigresponsibilitytohelppeoplefeelcomfortableandprovidepeaceofmind,andthatgoesnotonlyfordeviceownersbutthepeoplearoundthem,too,Mthesocialnetworksaidinablogpost.Facebooksaiditwouldalsoofferguidancetousersonhowtosafelyusetheglasseswithregardtoothers.“We'vedevelopedguidelinesfbrwhatisandisn'tanappropriateuseoftheglasses,someofwhichsurfacerightintheappduringon-boarding,andwhichareavailableinfullonlineonourdedicatedprivacymicrositeforRay-BanStories.^^“Thesetipsincluderespectingpeople'spreferencesiftheyaskyoutostoprecordingordon'twanttobeinaphotoorvideo,notcapturingphotosandvideoswhiledriving,andturningofftheglassesinprivateareaslikeplacesofworship,adoctor'soffice,orlockerrooms.”.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?A.ThesmartglassesaremadebyFacebookindependently.B.Theglasseshavemorethantwofive-megapixelcameras.C.Userscansharecontentfromtheglasseswiththeirfriends.D.Thebuilt-inLEDlightshelptakebetterpictures..Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.TheglasseswillbeahitwithFacebookusers.B.PeoplecanbuytheglassesatthestartofSeptember.C.Thetipsonsafeuseoftheglassesarenotfree.D.Somepeoplemayfeeluneasywhenbeingcaughtoncamera..WhatisFacebook'sattitudetotheissueofprivacy?A.Serious. B.Indifferent.C.Negative. D.Objective..Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SafetyGuidelinesforGlassesUsersB.Facebook'sReleaseofSmartGlassesC.PrivacyRelatedtoNewTechnologyD.Users'FeedbackonSmartGlasses知富p=j乐［语篇解读］本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了Facebook推出的一款智能眼镜。.C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“whichenablesuserstosharecontentfromtheglassesontheirsocialmediaaccounts”（这使得用户可将眼镜上的内容在社交媒体账户上分享）可知C项（用户可与朋友分享眼镜上的内容）正确。.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“这些建议包括如果人们要求你停止拍摄或不想出现在照片或视频中，要尊重他们的喜好“可推知D项（有些人在被相机捕捉到时可能会感到不安）正确。.A推理判断题。根据第三段第一句（在宣布这款新的硬件设备时.Facebook承认隐私是在研制时努力解决的关键问题）可知,Facebook对待隐私问题是严肃的（serious）。.B主旨要义题.根据文章第一段第一句（Facebook推出首副智能眼镜,配有扬声器和摄像头，并与Ray-Ban眼镜公司合作开发）可知B项（Facebook推出智能眼镜）正确。Passage8Topersist,lifemustreproduce.ScientistsattheUniversityofVermont,TuftsUniversity,andtheWyssInstituteforBiologicallyInspiredEngineeringatHarvardUniversityhavediscoveredanentirelynewformofbiologicalreproductionandappliedtheirdiscoverytocreatingthefirst-ever,self-replicating（自我复制的）livingrobots.NamedXenobotsaftertheAfricanclawedfrogfromwhichscientiststaketheirstemcells,themachinesarelessthan0.04incheswide-smallenoughtotravelinsidehumanbodies.Theycanwalkandswim,surviveforweekswithoutfood,andworktogetheringroups.Theyevenhaveregenerativecapabilities;whenthescientistsslicedintoonerobot,ithealedbyitselfandkeptmoving.TheXenobotscouldpotentiallybeusedforahostoftasks.Xenobotscouldbeusedtocleanupradioactivewasteandcollectmicroplasticsintheoceans.SomeXenobotshadholesintheircenter,whichcouldpotentiallybeusedtotransportdrugsormedicines."Traditionalrobotsdegrade（降解）overtimeandcanproduceharmfulecologicalandhealthsideeffects,“researcherssaidinthestudy,whichwaspublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Asbiologicalmachines,Xenobotsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandsaferforhumanhealth.Asidefromtheseimmediatepracticaltasks,Xenobotscouldalsohelpresearcherstolearnmoreaboutcellbiology-openingthedoortofutureadvancementinhumanhealthandlongevity.Whiletheprospectofself-replicatingbiotechnologycouldsparkconcern,theresearcherssaidthatthelivingmachineswereentirelycontainedinalabandeasilydestroyed,astheyarebiodegradableandregulatedbyexperts."Therearemanythingsthatarepossibleifwetakeadvantageofthiskindofplasticity（可塑性）andabilityofcellstosolveproblems,“saidJoshuaBongard,oneoftheleadresearchersattheUniversityofVermont..Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“regenerative“underlinedinParagraph2?A.Fightingdisease.B.Replacingoldcells.C.Self-cleaningregularly.□.Recoveringandgrowingagain..WhatcanwelearnaboutXenobotsfromParagraph3?A.Theycanbewidelyappliedtocuringdiseases.B.Theycanservetheresearchonhumanhealthwell.C.Theyarespeciallydesignedtocollectradioactivewaste.D.Theyareharmlesstotheenvironmentbydegradingplastics..WhatisBongard'sattitudetowardstheself-replicatingbiotechnology?A.Positive. B.Doubtful.C.Indifferent. D.Ambiguous..Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.AnexperimentonAfricanclawedfrogs.B.Thetrendofdevelopingbiotechnology.C.Anapplicationofamachineinmedicine.D.Theinventionofthefirstself-replicatingrobots.答案［语篇解读］本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了全球首批可自我复制的活体机器人。1.D猜测词义题。根据第二段最后一句中的“当科学家切开一个机器人时，它自动愈合并继续移动”可知D项（恢复并再次生长）可以解释“regenerative（可再生的）”的意思。2.B推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句（除了这些当前的实际任务之外,Xenobots还可以帮助研究人员更多地了解细胞生物学「为人类健康、长寿的未来发展打开大门）可知B项（它们可以很好地服务于在人类健康方面的研究）正确。.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中JoshuaBongard所说的“如果我们利用细胞的这种可塑性以及能力来解决问题.那么许多事情便成为可能“可推知JoshuaBongard对自我复制生物技术持积极的、肯定的态度。故选A。.D主旨要义题。根据第一段第二句可知,科学家们发现了一种全新的生物复制形式，并运用他们的发现创造了首批可自我复制的活体机器人。故D项（首批可自我复制的机器人的发明）符合文章主旨.Passage9Onequestioneverycoachhasheardintheircoachingcareeristhis:“Whyisn'lmykidplaying?”Thestupidityofmany”win・at-aH-cost“coachesinyouthsportsisneatlymatchedbythatof“play-my-kid-or-else,5parentsatthehigh-schoollevel.Whenthegamesstarttocount,themainreasonwhyyourkidisn'tplayingissimple:“They'rejustnotgoodenough.”“He/Shejustisn'tfastenough.n4€He/Shejustisn'tstrongenough.^^Goodcoaches,however,arenotusuallythatblunt.TheyareveryskillfulinnottellingwhatyouandIwouldconsiderthe“truth”.Thethingisthatmanykidsknowwhatthey'regoodat,andwhatthey'renotgoodat.Whenitcomestofootball,forinstance,mostofthemiddle-schoolersorfreshmenalreadyknowtheoneortwokidswhoaregoodenoughtoplayonthevarsityteam（校队）ortocatchtheeyeofacollegeadmissionsofficer.Theirparentsdonot.Therestplaybecausetheyenjoyit,needthediscipline,wanttobelongtoateam,havedreamedofitsincetheywerefiveorsix,aretryingtomaketheirparentshappy,needavarsitysportontheircollegeapplication,orsomecombinationofthefactorsabove.Someofthemdon'lpossessmuchathleticskill,butmakeupforitbypracticing,bygettingstrongerandquicker,andwithon-fieldeffort.Fartoomanychildrentodayarelivinginaworldwheretheyneverlearn"no”.Theydon'tknowhowtohandledisappointmentandfailure.Nordotheyknowhowtoreactandmoveonwhentheydon'tgettheirownway.It'sawfulwhenyourkidisn'tplaying.Beenthere,donethat.Noreasonableparentwantstoseetheirchildhurt.Butnooneescapesthislifeunhurt,emotionallyifnotphysically.Whenthesekidsmoveoninlife,theyaregoingtogetrejectedwhentheyapplyforcollege,failtogetthejobtheywant,andtastefailureanddisappointmentonmultiplefronts.Coachesshouldtrytomakesureeveryonegetssomeplayingtime.Butthatshouldnevercomeattheexpenseofotherkidswhoaremoretalented,tryharderorspendmoretimepracticing.Nochildshouldevergooutforanyteamthinkingthey'regoingtobeguaranteedaspotorplayingtime,nomatterhowloudlytheirparentscomplain.Inthatsense,sportsareatruemirroroflife.Nooneisguaranteed“playing“timeinlife.Forthemostpart,hardwork,effort,planninganddesirearerewarded.Thebenefitscanbewonderful.Butit'sgoodtobepreparedwhenitdoesn'tworkoutthatway..Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blunt“probablymean?A.Impatient.B.Annoying.C.Direct.D.Serious..Theauthorbelievesthat.A.kidsshouldlearnhowtofacerejectionintheirlifeB.peoplecanlivealifewithoutbeinghurtC.parentsmusthelpkidsescapedisappointmentandfailureD.coachesneedtoensureeverystudentgetsenoughplayingtime3.Whatprobablymotivatedtheauthortowritethispassage?A.Coaches,mistakenbeliefsaboutvarsityteams.B.Parents5unrealisticviewsofkids'playingtime.C.Children'signoranceofthemeaningofsportsandlife.D.Thepublic'sdoubtsaboutwhykidsneedtoplaysports.蚀;空口［语篇解读］很多父母会问教练自己的孩子为什么无法上场比赛，原因很简单——表现不够好。孩子们无论在赛场上还是在生活中都应该学会去面对被拒绝。.C推测词义题。根据画线词后一句"TheyareveryskillfulinnottellingwhatyouandIwouldconsiderthe，truth…可知，好的教练不会那么直接地告诉父母他们的孩子不好。direct直接的。.A细节理解题。根据倒数第三、四段可知，现在太多的孩子不知道如何处理失望和失败.但没有人能在生活中不受伤