PEP人教版小学英语语法及习题

PAGEPAGE8小学英语语法及习题一、名词复数规则一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-bedss.x.sh.ch-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“辅音字母+y”yi,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4．以“ffe”ffev,再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-children,foot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I him this her watch child photo diary day foot book dress tooth sheep box strawberry thief yo-yo peach sandwich man woman paper juice water milk rice tea 二、一般现在时一般现在时的功能表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixevery3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+Iama我是一个男孩。行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)Westudy我们学习英语。(he,she,it或是名词单数)"-s"或"-es"如：MarylikesChinese.一般现在时的变化1.be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.doesn'tHedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：Doyouoftenplayfootball?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：Doesshegotoworkbybike?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?动词+s的变化规则一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milkss.x.sh.ch.o-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,3．以“辅音字母+y”yi,再加-es，如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink go stay make look have pass carry come watch plant fly study brush do 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。Heoften (have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy (be)inClassOne.We (notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick (notgo)tothezooonSunday. they (like)theWorldCup?

teach What theyoften (do)onSaturdays? yourparents (read)newspaperseveryday?Thegirl (teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI (take)awalktogethereveryevening.There (be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike (like)cooking.They (have)thesamehobby.Myaunt (look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways (do)yourhomeworkwell.I (be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.She (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao (do)notlikePE.Thechildoften (watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang (have)eightlessonsthis20.－Whatday (be)ittoday?－It’sSaturday.三、按照要求改写句子DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)Idomyhomeworkevery改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)Amylikesplayingcomputer改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)Wegotoschoolevery改为否定句)HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改为否定句)五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish? Doeshelikesgoingfishing? Helikesplaygamesafterclass. Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.ShedondherhomeworkonSundays. 三、现在进行时1段正在进行的动作。be+ing.benot。be动词调到句首。+be+主语+ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词+be+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 ing，如run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play run swim make go like write _ski read have sing dance put see buy love live take come get stop sit begin shop 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：Theboy (draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls (sing)intheclassroom.Mymother (cook)somenicefood now.What you (do)now?Look.They (have)anEnglishlesson.They (not,water)theflowersnow.Look!Thegirls (dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She (listen)tomusic.It’s5o’clocknow.We (have)supper10. Helen (wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型转换：Theyaredoinghousework.分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(对划线部分进行提问)Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy对划线部分进行提问)四、一般将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：①begoingto+do；②will+do.三、否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。例如：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingt weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。问人。Who例如：I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.问干什么。Whatdo.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.问什么时候。When.例如：She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoingtobed?六、同义句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习：填空。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.?我想去打篮球。What nextMonday?I playbasketball.What youdonextMonday?I playbasketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。 yourmother goshoppingthis ?Yes,she .She buysomefruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime you meet?Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy goingtogocamping.I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）I go jointhem.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30改一般疑问句） togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat改一般疑问句） meetatthebusstopat10:30.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（对划线部分提问） she afterschool?Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayafter同上) goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrowPEP小学英语重点句型语法总结人教版PEP教材在小学阶段涉及的重要语法知识主要有7种：tobe句型、therebecan引导的型、begoingto5-8册书为例，简要总结如下：[一]tobe句型：用于介绍个人情况如姓名、健康状况、身份、国籍、家庭成员、朋友、职业等，描述5—8型主要有：Who’syourEnglishteacher? Mr.Carter.What’shelike? He’stallandstrong.Isshequiet?No,sheisn’t. Sheisveryactive.Isshestrict? Yes,sheis,butshe’sverykind.Whatdayisittoday?It’sWednesday.What’syourfavouritefruit/food…?They’resweet/sour/salty/healthy/…Whenisyourbirthday?It’sinMay.MybirthdayisinJune. UncleBill’sbirthdayisinJune,too.IsherbirthdayinJune? Yes,itis.What’sthedate?ThisisZhangPeng.Whereisthecinema,please?It’snexttothehospital.Howtallareyou？I’m164cmtall.Youareshorterthanme.16.You’re4cmtallerthanme.17.Howheavyareyou? I’m48I’mthinnerthanyou,andshorter.What’sthematterwithyou? Mythroatissore.Howareyou,LiuYun/Sarah?[二]therebe句型：某处有某物”或“某时有某事”is+可数名词单数或不可数名词+时间或地点。Thereare+可数名词复数+地点。该句型主要分布在第Unit5Unit6中，如：Therearetwobedrooms,akitchen,abathroomandalivingroom.Thereisamirror,abedandabigcloset.Isthereaforestinthepark? Yes,thereis.Isthereariver? No,thereisn’t.Arethereanypandasinthemountains? No,therearen’t.Arethereanyfishintherivers? Yes,thereare.[三]一般现在时句型：+行为动词ses，其他人称作主语时则用动dodoes。这种句型通常有一些标志词，如：usuallyoftensometimesneveralways5Unit2&36Unit1&2,7Unit4,5,6,8Unit2中。如：Book5:WhatdoyouhaveonThursdays? WehaveEnglish,mathandscienceonThursdays.WhatdoyoudoonSaturdays? IwatchTVonSaturdays.Idomyhomework.WhatdoyouhaveforlunchonMondays? Wehavetomatoes,tofuandfish.Ilikefruit.ButIdon’tlikegrapes.Book6:Whendoyoueatdinner?Ieatdinnerat7:00intheevening.Whendoyougetup? Iusuallygetupat12:00noon.Whatdoyoudoontheweekend? UsuallyIwatchTVandgoshopping.SometimesIvisitmygrandparents.Ioftenplayfootball.SometimesIgohiking.Whichseasondoyoulikebest?Ilikewinterbest.Whydoyoulikesummer/winter?Book7:Howdoyougotoschool,Sarah?UsuallyIgotoschoolonfoot. SometimesIgobybike.Ilikecollectingstamps.Helikescollectingstamps,too.Doessheteachmath? Yes,shedoes.DoessheteachEnglish？No,shedoesn’t. Sheteachesmath.Whatdoesyourmotherdo? Whatdoesyourfatherdo?Wheredoesshework? Sheworksinacarcompany.Howdoesshegotowork? Shegoestoworkbybus.Wheredoestheraincomefrom? Itcomesfromtheclouds.Wheredoesthecloudcomefrom? Itcomesfromthevapour.Wheredoesthevapourcomefrom? Itcomesfromthewaterintheriver.Thesunshinesandthewaterbecomesvapour.HowdoyoudoBook8:Mynosehurts.Howdoyoufeel? Ifeelsick. HowdoesAmyfeel?Youlooksohappy. Youlooksadtoday.[四]现在进行时句型：nowLook!Listen!等后面。句型主要结构为：be动词（am,is,are）+动词现在分词(v.ing)6Unit4,5,6中。如：Whatareyoudoing? I’mdoingthedishes. I’mreadingabook.Grandpaiswritingaletter. Brotherisdoinghomework.Momiscookingdinnerinkitchen.Heiswritingane-mailinthestudy.Whatisitdoing? It’seatingbananas.Whatisshedoing? She’sjumping.Whataretheydoing? They’reswimming. They’reclimbingtrees.Areyoueatinglunch? No,wearen’t.Aretheyeatingthehoney? Yes,theyare.Isheplayingchess? Yes,heis.Isshecountinginsects? No,sheisn’t.[五]一般过去时句型：表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。句型基本结构为：主语+动词过去式+其他。标志词通常是：yesterday,lastweek, lastyear等，在问句与否定句中要用助词did。该句型分布在第8册Unit3&4中。如：Whatdidyoudolastweekend? Iplayedfootball.Didyouhelpthemcleantheirroom? Yes,I3.Whatdidyoudoyesterday? Iwentfishing.Did