上海市闵行区七宝中学2021届高三上学期10月月考英语试题(学生版)

2020-2021学年上海市闵行区七宝中学高三英语上学期10月月考试卷LListeningComprehension（略）ILGrammarandVocabulary（20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Challengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharp1youage,astudypublishedWednesdayinthejournalNeurologysuggests.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofLeipziginGermanygatheredmorethanL000retiredworkerswhowereoverage75andhadthevolunteers'memoryandthinkingskills2（assess）throughabatteryoftests.Then,foreightyears,thescientistsaskedthesamegrouptocomebacktothelabevery18months3（take）thesamesortsoftests.Thosewho4（hold）mentallystimulating,demandingjobsbeforeretirementtendedtodothebestonthetests.Andtheytendedtolosecognitive（认知）function5amuchslowerratethanthosewiththeleastmentallychallengingjobs.Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccoimtedfordieparticipants'overallhealthstatus.“Thisworksjustlikephysicalexercise/'saysFranciscaTlieii.wholedthestudy.^Afteralongmn,youmayfeellikeyou'reinpain,youmayfeeltired.Butitmakesyoufit.Afteralongdayatwork——sure,youwillfeeltired.6 itcanhelpyourbramstayhealthy."It'snotjiistcorporatejobs,orevenpaidwork7canhelpkeepyourbramfit.Thenpointsout.Awaitersjob,forexample,8（require）multitasking,teamworkanddecision-makingcouldbejustasstimulatingasanyhigh-levelofficework.And''runningafamilyhouseholdrequireshigh-levelplanningandcoordinating（协调）；shesays."Ybu9organizetheactivitiesofthechildrenandtakecareofthebillsandgroceries/5Ofcourse,ourbrainscandeclineaswegrowolderforlotsofreasons—includingotherenvironmentalinfluencesorgeneticfactors.StilLcontinuingtochallenge10mentallyandkeepingyourmindbusycanonlyhelp.SectionB（10分）Directions:Completethepassagewiththewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.从方框里选择合适的词语的适当形式填空A.essenceB.amateurC.influentialD.balancedAB.recognitionAC.highlightsAD.maximizingBC.overwhelminglyBD.talentedCD.obsessionABC.prioritizeWhenmostofusrecallourschoolsportingdays,wetendtorememberthefriendshipsthatwereforged,theoccasionalpersonalJLandthefarmorefrequentmomentswhenourskilllevelsdidiftquitematchouridols,.However,notallofthepresentgenerationofschoolchildrenmaybeabletolookbackontheirsportingexperienceswithsuchfondness.Therearegrowingfears,withinindependentschoolsinparticular,thatmovestowardsprofessionalstandardsandafocusonwinningmaydisagreewiththe12.ofschoolsports.Theproblemis,perhapsunsuiprisingly.moreprevalentinboys*sport.andespeciallysoinrugby,whereindependentschoolsstillprovidethebulkoffutureEnglandinternationals.Atthesametime,therehasbeenasurgeinthenumberofschoolsofferingscholarshipsto」3ruebvplayers,drivenbyadesiretowidenaccess,butalso,onoccasion,bya(n) 14. thatsuccessontheplayingfieldmaybeapotentialmarketingtool.Onedirectorofrugbyatatop-performingschoolintheSouth-Eastreportsthathisstarunder-16playerwaspoached(挖走)byarivalschoolwhichofferedhimafiillscholarship."Weweren'tpreparedtoenterintoabiddingwarovera15-year-oldkid/hesaysratherpitifully.ChrisMorgan,directorofsportatTonbridge,isacriticoftheseshiftstowardsbecomingsuperstarsportsschools,'Anincreasingnumberofschoolsseemtobeusingsportsscholarshipsaspartoftheirbusmessmodel/hesays.'TheyplacenigbyaboveothersportsasitseemstobemoreJ5inparents1decision-makingoverwhichschooltheywanttosendtheirchildrento/Asaresult,someofMorgan'scounterpartsatotherindependentschoolsfeelunderpressuretofocusonwinningratherthan16enjo^nent."Ifeverythingyouputonyourwebsiteisaboutwhichteamswon,itiseasytoseehowcoaches,boysandparentscanthinkthatresultsarethemostimportantbarometerofsuccess/Severalcoachesfeelthattheireffortsto17players5eiyoymentoverresultsareatriskofbeingunderminedbythetemptationtoseesportasanextensionofacademicleaguetables.Onedirectorofrugbytoldmethatwhenevertheyloseagame,hisheadmastercallsameetingontheMondaymommginwhichhedemandsanexplanationforthedefeat.*Theheadcaiitunderstandthatsportisntjustaboutwinning/hesays.So,withincreasinglyprofessionalset-upsandaseemingJ8withwinningatallcosts,hasschoolsportlostitsinnocence?Certainlynot,saysKevinKnibbs,HeadmasterofHamptonSchoolinSouthWestLondon,andChairoftheHeadmasters*andHeadmistresses1Conference(HMC)SportsSub-Conmiittee4Independentschoolsunderstandthatsportishugelybeneficialtoyoungpeople.Whiletherehavebeensubstantialimprovementsinthestandardofsportsfacilities,coaching,andperformanceinindependentschoolsoverthepastdecade,thisisJ9with.anemphasisonsafety,wellbeingandgeneralfitness.Togetherthesethingshavehada（n） 20positiveimpactonyoungpeople'sexperiencesofsportinHAICschook,'hesays.'Pupilsarefreetoenjoyplayingawiderangeofsportswiththeirfriendswithoutfacingunduepressuretowiporneedingtofollowanover-intensivetrainingregime,Knibbscontinue.IILReadingComprehension（45分）SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordofphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Biodiversityisaconceptthat'scommonlyreferenced,yetregularlymisunderstood.Thecomplex21notonlyreferstotheunbelievablevarietyoflifeonEarth,buttohoweverythingfromgenestoentireecosystemsinteracttomaketheplanethabitable.Thebadnews:scienceshowsthatbiodiversityis22worldwideatafasterratetlianatanytimeinhumanhistory.That'sobviouslydevastatingforeverythingmnamre-includingus.biodiversitydisappears,sodopeople/5saysDr.StephenWoodleyfieldecologistandbio-diversityexpertwiththeInternationalUnionforConservationofNature."Wearepartofthe23andwedonotexistwithoutIt.PreventingsuchacatastrophesaysWoodley,beginswithunderstandingwhybiodiversityisdeclining,andthentakingactionto 24. course.“Thetwogreatest25ofbiodiversitylossarehabitatloss,primarilyonland,andoverexploitation,primarilyintheocean,"Woodleysays.Heexplainsthatwecansolvetheseproblemsbypermanently 26. morelandsandoceansandmanagingthemfortheirconsen-ationvalues.ThafsthemissionoftheglobalCampaignforNature,apartnershipoftheWyssFoundationandtheNationalGeographicSociety.Insteadofsimplyprotecting30percentoftheEarth,the27alsoencouragesnations,infullpartnershipwithlocalcommunities,tofocusontheright30percent.Thoseareas,saysWoodley,28themostimportantbiodiversity,suchasendangeredspeciesandecosystemsandrarespeciesandecosystems.Thecampaignalsorecognizestheimportanceof29localrights.Localpeoplesmanageorholdtenure（保有权）overlandsthatsupportabout80percentoftheworld'sbiodiversity,makingit30forthesecommunitiestobefullpartnersindevelopingandimplementingstrategies.31 .protectingthehealthofkeybiodiversityareasisvitalfortacklingclimatechange,saysNationalGeographicExplorer-in-ResidenceD匚EnricSala.PairingtheinternationalParisAgreementtocombatclimatechange,Salaspaperasserts,4would32catastrophic（灾难性的）climatechange,conservespecies,andsecureessentialecosystemservices.”,Biodiversityisstability."saysSala."Trees,wetlands,grasslands.peatbogs（泥炭沼泽），saltmarshes（盐沼），healthyoceanecosystems,mangroves（红树林）,andplants33muchofthecarbonpollutionhumansputintotheatmosphere.Yet.rightnow,lessthanhalfoftheplanetisinitsnaturalstate,whichisntenough/'Bottomline:Natureneedsustoact-now."NlovingtoMarsisnota（n）34Salaadds'TheonlyconditionsforourlifeandfortheprosperityofhumansocietyarehereonEarth...weare protectingit.”21.A.argumentB.termC.stiiictureD.problem22.A.alteringB.developingC.stabilizingD.worsening23.A.ecosystemB.threatC.cycleD.procedure24.A.affectB.changeC.reverseD.continue25.A.aspectsB.causesC.consequencesD.occasions26.A.acquiringB.protectingC.exploitingD.possessing27.A.managementB.announcementC.campaignD.competition28.A.consumeB.destroyC.loseD.contain29.A.denyingB.enjoyingC.ignoringD.respecting30.A.essentialB.simpleC・temporaryD.profitable31.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.ThusD.Otherwise32.A.witnessB.detectC.confirmD.avoid33.A.measureB.absorbC.surviveD.prevent34.A.missionB.decisionC.optionD.exploration35.A.worriedaboutB.confidentinC.responsibleforD.goodatSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveJustread.（A）ThepersonwhosetthecourseofmylifewasaschoolteachernamedMarjorieHurd.When1steppedoffashipinNewYorkHarborin1949,1wasanine-year-oldwarrefugee,whohadlosthismotherandwascomingtolivewiththefatherhedidnotknow.Mymother,EleniGatzoyiannis,hadbeenimprisonedandshotforsendingmysistersandmetofreedom.IwasthirteenyearsoldwhenIenteredChandlerJuniorHigh.ShortlyafterIarrived,Iwastoldtoselectahobbytopursueduring4clubhours"Theideaofhobbiesandclubsmadenosensetomyimmigrantears,butIdecidedtofollowtheprettiestgirlinmyclass.SheledmeintothepresenceofMissHurd,theschoolnewspaperadviserandEnglishteacher.Atoughwomanwithsalt-andpepperhairanddeterminedeyes.MissHurdhadnopatiencewithlazybones.Shedrilledusingrammar,assignedstoriesforustoreadanddiscuss,andeventuallytaughtushowtoputoutanewspaper.HerintroductiontotheliterarywealthofGreecegavemeanewperspectiveonmywar-tornhomeland,makingmeproudofmyorigins.HereffortsinspiredmetounderstandthelogicandstructureoftheEnglishlanguage.Owingtoherinspiration,duringmynexttwenty-fiveyears,Ibecamea.journalistbyprofession.MissHurdretiredattheageof62.Bythen,shehadtaughtforatotalof41years.Evenafterherretirement,shecontinuallymadeaprojectofunwillingstudentsinwhomshespiedasparkofpotential.Thestudentsweremainlyfromthemosttroubledhomes,yetshealternatelybulliedandcharmedthemwithherownspecialbrandoftoughlove,untilthesparkcaughtfire.MissHurdwastheonewhodirectedmygriefandpainintowriting.ButforMissHurd,Iwouldn*thavebecome&reporter.Shewastheonewhosentmeintojournalismandindirectlycausedallthegoodthingsthatcameafter.36.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mostprobablymean?Hobbiesandclubsdidnotinteresttheauthor.Theauthorturnedadeafeartojoiningclubs.Hobbiesandclubswereinaccessibletoimmigrantsliketheauthor.Theauthorhadnoideawhathobbiesandclubswereallabout.Whichofthefollowingcausedtheauthortothinkofhishomelanddifferently?SteppingontheAmericansoilforthefirsttime.BeingexposedtoGreekliteraryworks.Hermother'smiserabledeath.Followingtheprettiestgirlinhisclass.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph4thatMissHurdemployedauniquewaytohandlethesestudents.MissHurd'scontributionwasrecognizedacrossthenation.StudentsfromtroubledhomespreferredMissHurd'steachingstyle.DThestudentsMissHurdtaughtwereallfinallyfired.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?Howtheauthorbecameajournalist.Theimportanceofinspirationinone'slife.Theteacherwhoshapedtheauthor'slife.Factorscontributingtoasuccessfulcareer.(B)HOWTOGETTHEREBAandRoyalJordanianairlinesflydirectbetweenLondonHeathrowandJordan'scapitalcityAmman(from£435;),Flighttimeisfivehours.HOWTOGETAROUNDJordanisajoyfullyeasycountrytotravelaround,inpartduetoitssmallsize.Youcoulddrivefromtoptobottominlittleoverfivehoursifyouwantedto.Thenationalbuscompanyhasservicesbetweenthemaintowns,andlimitedoptionstoPetraandtheDeadSea.Forfullflexibility,you'rebetteroffhiringacar-roadsareingoodcondition,andotherdriverstendtobelessmanic(notstanduptofreeuseofthecarhorn)comparedtoothercountriesintheMiddleEast.ThetrafficinAmmanmakesitfrustrating,andnerve-wracking,tonavigate,sopickupanddropoffyourcarattheairport,alittleoutsideofthecity.Theusualsuspectshaveofficesthere(weekslurefrom£235;hertz,jo).HOWLONGTOSPENDGiventheshorttraveltimesbetweenmajorsites,youcouldfeasiblywhiparoundJordaninlittleunderaweek,spendinganightineachlocation.However、it'simportanttofactorintheweather:yourpacewillslowinhighten中eratures,andyoullfindmanyJordanianssensiblyspendingthehottestpartofdiedayindoors,indulginginalonglunch.You,llalsowanttodevoteaproperamountoftimetoeachlocation:twoorthreemghtsineachofPetraandWadiRumwillallowyoutogettoafewlessexploredcorners,whiletwonightsinAmmanandoneeachattheDeadSeaandhotspringsisaboutright.IfyouaddinasidetripforsomedivingintheRedSea,twoweeksisplenty.WHATTOBUDGETStayinginbudgetguesthouses,eatingonlyfrommarketsandstreetstalls,andusingpublictransport,youcouldsurviveinJordanonaround£40perday.Factorinamidrangehotel,carhire,guidedtoursandmealsinlocalrestaurants,andthefigurecouldriseto£100-plusaday.Thenationalcurrencyisthedinar(第纳尔)，andisavailablefromATMsatallthemainsites.WHENTOGOHighseasonisSeptembertoOctoberandMarchtoMay,whentheweatheriswarmbutbearable.Notethatpricehikesarecommoninthisperiod,andhotelsgetbookedfarinadvance.Oneofthemostpleasanttimestovisitiswinter,fromNovembertoFebruary,thoughbeawarethedesertgetsverycoldatnightduringthisperiod.Ifyoucantaketheextremetemperaturesofsummer,itcanbeanexcellenttimetotravel,withfewertouristsaround.HOWTOPLANSeeLonelyPlanetsJordanandtheJordantouristboard'sofficialsite,,whichhasawealthofinformationongeneraltravelintheregionandspecificsites.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTrueabouttravellinginJordanaccordingtothepassage?DriversinJordanusecarhornmorefreelythanthoseinothercountries.It'sbettertodriveyourowncarsincethetrafficinAmmanisfmstrating.Weathershouldbetakenintoconsiderationwhenyouarrangeholiday.DivinginRedSeaisamustifyouplantotravelinJordanforoneweek.WhichfactorisNOTrelatedwiththebudgetaccordingtothepassage?Tochoosewhatkindhotels.Toeatwhatkindoffood.Whethertousecashornot.WhentotravelinJordan.Theword“hikesinparagraph5canbebestreplacedbytheword“A.declines B.rises C.varies D.collapses(C)Firsttwohours,nowthreehours—thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityprotocolsinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:WastedtimeisadragonAmericans1economicandprivatelives,nottomentionmakingpeopleangry.LastyeantheTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons—bothfakeandreal—pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingeconomyandlowoilprices,haveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairportssuchasChicago'sO'HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome—butthelinesareobvious.PartoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravelsotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckarequalifiestouseexpedited（力n速的）screeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAtofocusontravelerswhoarehigherrisk,savingtimeforeveryoneinvolved.TSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock:Passengersmustpays85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck'sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines-Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto.stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwideBhighlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorU.S.airportsexplainAmericaifstoleranceofcurrentsecuritychecksemphasizetheimportanceofprivacyprotectionWhichofthefollowingcontributestolongwaitsatmajorairports?Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.Anincreaseinthenumberoftravellers.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis.adramaticreductionofitsscaleitswrongly-directedimplementationgovernment'sreluctancetobackitanunreasonablepriceforenrollmentWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?LessScreeningforMoreSafetyPreChcck-aBelatedSolutionGettingStuckinSecurityLineDUnderusedPreCheckLanesSectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Afteryearsofobservinghumannature,Ihavedecidedthattwoqualitiesmakethedifferencebetweenmenofgreatachievementandmenofaverageperformance:curiosityanddiscontent.Ihaveneverknownanoutstandingmanwholackedeither.AndIhaveneverknownanaveragemanwhohadboth.Thetwobelongtogether.47GalileowasnotmerelyambitiouswhenhedroppedobjectsofvaryingweightsfromtheLeaningToweratPisaandtimedtheirfalltotheground.LikeGalileo,allthegreatnamesinhistorywerecuriousandaskedindiscontent,"Why?Why?Why?”Fortunately,curiosityanddiscontentdon'thavetobelearned.Wearebornwiththemandneedonlyrecapturethen1.Thegreatman/'saidNlencius（孟子）,“ishewhodoesnotlosehischild\heart.€kYetmostofusdoloseit.Nsstopaskingquestions.48Wejustfollowthecrowd.Andthecrowddesiresonlythecalmandrestfulaverage.Itencouragesustooccupyourownlittlecorner,toavoidfoolishleapsintothedark,tobesatisfied.Mostofusmeetnewpeople,andnewideas,withhesitation.Butoncehavingmetandlikedthem,wethinkhowterribleitwouldhavebeen,hadwemissedthechance.49Howshouldyoustart?Modestly,soasnottobecomediscouraged.Ithinkofonefriendwhocouldn'tarrangeflowerstosatisfyherself.Shewascuriousabouthowtheexpertsdidit.Nowsheisoneoftheexperts,writingbooksonflowerarrangement.Onewaytobeginistoansweryourownexcuses.Ybuhaven'tanyspecialability?Mostpeopledon't;thereareonlyafewgeniuses.Ybuhaven'tanytime?50HarrietStowemotherofsix.wrotepartsofUncleTom'sCabi/iwhilecookuig.You'retooold?RememberThomasCostainwas57whenhepublishedhisfirstnovel,andthatGrandmaMosesshowedherfirstpictureswhenshewas78.Howeveryoustart,rememberthereisnobettertimetostartthanrightnow,foryou'llneverbemorealivethanyouareatthismoment.Westopchallengingcustom.That'sgood,becauseit'salwaysthepeoplewithnotimewhogetthingsdone.Eithercuriosityordiscontentmakeshumanbeingmoveforward.Thesedeephumanurgescountformuchmorethanambition.Wewillprobablyhavetoforceourselvestowakenourcuriosityanddiscontentandkeepthemawake.Discontentmadethegreatnamesunsatisfied..SummaryWritingReadthefollowingpassage.Summarize