英语学考重点词汇及句型

英语学考重点词汇及句型英语学考重点词汇及句型英语学考重点词汇及句型资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月英语学考重点词汇及句型版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：中考英语重点短语及句型归纳一、固定搭配：putdown放下shutdown把…关上cutdown砍掉comedown下来、落下slowdown减缓、放慢sitdown坐下writedown写下getdown下来,降落2.afterall毕竟.终究afterthat然后dayafterday日复一日地oneafteranother相继.挨次soon/shortlyafter不久以后thedayaftertomorrow后天3.comeupwith找到、提出catchupwith赶上wakeup弄醒、醒来sendup发射openup开设、开办growup长大pickup拾起、捡起handsup举手eatup吃光putupcheerupwashupcleanup打扫干净giveupdoingsth.=stopdoingsth.放弃做某事4.arriveat/in+n.到达getto+n.到达reach+n.到达arrive/get+adv.到达5.get…back退还,送回去.取回giveback=return归还come/goback回来/去atthebackof在…的后面ontheway(back)home在回家路上6.atleast/most至少/多atbreakfast早餐时attable在吃饭atonce立刻,马上atschool在上学atwork在工作atthesametime同时allatonce突然atpresent,atthemoment=now现在atatime一次，每次attimes(sometimes)有时,begoodat=dowellin善长becleverat…beangryatsth.besurprisedat…对……感到惊奇lookat,laughat嘲笑smileat对……微笑shoutat对……吼叫，knockat…,arriveat…not…atall一点也不atfirst起初atlast=intheend/finally最后、终于atnight/midnight在晚上/午夜atnoon中午atChristmas在圣诞节attheageof//whensb.was…yearsold在…岁时atthebeginning(of…)attheendof在…终点/末端/结束时atthefootof在…脚下atthetop/bottomof…在……的（顶）底部atanymoment任何时候atthedoctor’s在医务室7.forexample例如forsure确定forever永远forfree免费forlong=foralongtime长期begoodfor对…有益bebadfor对…有害,befamousfor…,belatefor…,bereadyfor…,besorryfor…为……感到抱歉，bethirstyfor…渴望……beshortfor是…的简称TVisshortfor“television”.askfor…要求得到,lookfor,waitfor,searchfor…,carefor…喜欢，关心，照顾,sendfor…派人去请，payfor…8.cometrue实现comedown下来comefrom=befrom来自,出生于comein/into进入,进来comeon赶快comeover过来comealong走吧,过来,快点comeup上来comeupwith…想出,comeout出来，出版，(花)开，cometoanend结束,cometooneself(苏醒,恢复知觉),comeintouse(开始被使用)9.eventhough=evenif即使、虽然、尽管asif/asthough好像10.bepleased/satisfied/happywith对…感到满意bebusywith…,bestrictwithsb.,beangrywithsb.becarefulwith…,bepatientwith…befamiliarwith…becoveredwith被…覆盖befilledwith…beexpected/allowed/required/askedtodosth.被期望/允许/要求做某事bemade/seen/heard/noticedtodosth.被迫/看见/听到/注意到做某事besurprised/excited/pleasedtodosth.,besorry/proud/willing/ready/happy/glad/suretodosth.beproudof以…自豪beshortof…缺乏……besureof…对……有把握，befondof…喜欢,betiredof…对……厌倦befullof…speakhighlyof称赞beafraidof害怕hearof听说(hearabout/hearfromsb.收到某人的来信)ofcourse=certainly当然可以plentyof=alotof许多agreatdealof…大量(修饰不可数名词)11.bytheway顺便问一下byoneself单独,独自bytheendof到…结束为止bynow到现在为止bythenbytheyear2100=by2100bythetime(引导时间状语从句)到…的时候onebyone依次daybyday一天天地stepbystep逐步地littlebylittle渐渐地byair/plane乘飞机bybus/train/car乘公共汽车/火车/轿车(catchabus赶公交车geton/offthebus上/下车takeabusto…=goto…bybus乘车去)bymistake由于差错byaccident偶然byandby不久，后来12.do/tryone’sbest(todosth.)尽力(做某事)donothingbutdo…doone’shomework做家庭作业doone’slessons做功课doMathsexercisesdo(the/some)shopping购物dothecooking烹饪dosomecleaning打扫dothe/somewashing洗衣服dowithsb/sth.处理dosomeexercise锻炼doalotofresearchon…doasurveyon…doagoodjobwelldone干得好doharmto….对……有害dogoodto…对……有好处13.earlyinthemorning一大早intheearlyspring初春inmyearlydays我幼年时期theearlybus早班车14.connect…to…把…与…连接起来tie…to…becloseto靠近givebirthto生(孩子)losetosb输给某人.toone’ssurprise使人惊讶的是toone’sjoy令人高兴的是totellthetruth说实话15.either…or…或者…或者..oneithersideofthestreet街道任何一边(oneachsideofthestreet街道每一边onbothsidesofthestreet街道两边)16.keepdoingsth.不停地做某事(表示状态继续)keepondoingsth.坚持做某事(表示动作反复进行)practisedoingsth.练习做某事enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事finishdoingsth.做完某事minddoingsth.介意做某事goondoingsth.继续做某事(同一件事)(goontodosth.接着做某事(另一事)goonwithsth.继续某事)continuedoing(todo)…继续做considerdoing…考虑做suggestdoing…建议做……can’thelp/stopdoingsth.情不自禁地做某事，禁不住做……giveupdoing…spend…doing…,feellikedoing…,havefun/agreattimedoing…,havedifficultydoing…,bebusydoing…,beinterestedindoing…,befondofdoing…,begoodatdoing…,becrazyaboutdoing…,how/whataboutdoing…,worryaboutdoingsth.,thanksb.fordoing…,insteadofdoing…,becauseofdoing…,beusedtodoing…,payattentiontodoing…,lookforwardtodoing…,preferdoing…todoing…,devote…todoing…,putone’seffortintodoing…,beworthdoing…17.gostraightalong/on沿着…一直往前走godown下降,goup上升,gothrough经历，浏览goby（时间）过去，经过goover复习goinfor参加，从事goforawalk/swim/picnic去散步/游泳/野餐,gowronggomad/badgoshopping/swimming/skiing/skating/hiking/walking/sightseeing/boating,gotothecinema/movie去看电影gowell进展顺利,gowellwith…与……相配gooffto动身前往,goout外出;熄灭,goawaygotowork去上班,goonastudytripgoonholiday休假wantago想试一试18.thinkabout考虑(thinkof认为、想起、考虑、想到thinkover仔细考虑)talkabout谈论,worryabout担心,How/Whatabout……怎么样19.borrow…from…从…借….(lend…to…把…借给…)fromdoortodoor挨家挨户,fromtimetotime时而fromnowon从今以后fromthenon从那以后bedifferentfrom与…不同(bethesameas…)20.getdressed穿衣getkilled/married/hurtget/belost丢失getinto进入getoutof从…出来getoff/on下/上车getin收割getupgetto…geton/alongwellwithsb.与某人相处得好getintotroublegetreadyfor+n.为…做准备;getreadytodosth.准备做某事getusedto…习惯于……get/gotosleep(fallasleep)入睡(beasleep睡着)getwarm变暧getwell康复getsb.sth.=getsth.forsb.getsb.todosth.21.lookfor寻找lookatlookafter=takecareof照看looklike看起来像lookover检查,复习lookout小心,从里向外看lookthesame看起来一样lookup向上看,查询,lookdown俯视lookdownon/upon轻视，瞧不起lookaround环视lookbackon…回顾lookforwardto期望lookthrough浏览22.setoff出发、动身putoff推迟keepoff避开、不靠近…dropoff放下(某物)turnoff关jumpoff跳离,takeoff脱(衣)(飞机)起飞showoff炫耀seeoff送别falloff…从……掉下getoff,turnoff，knock…off…23.halfakilo半千克halfanhour半小时inhalf分成两半halfoftheday半天ayearandahalf(oneandahalfyears)一年半24.doeyeexercises做眼保健操domorningexercises做早操take(more)exercise(多)参加体育锻炼anexercisebook练习本25.takepartin参加handin上交inhospital/prison住院/坐牢insurprise/fear吃惊地/害怕地inthesun在阳光下introuble/danger处于困境/危险inaminute/moment/while马上inafewyears’time=inafewyears几年以后inthefutureinfact实际上infrontof…,intime,inturn依次,inorderinorderto…为了inaway从某种意义上讲insome/manyways,inotherways在其它方面inthisway用这种方法inaword总而言之inotherwords换句话说inall总共，共计inahurry匆忙inspace在太空inandoutofclass在课内课外inthelastfifteenminutes在最后十五分钟里inthepastfew/twentyyearsinone’sopinion依照某人的看法，在某人看来inone’sfifties在某人50多岁时inthefirst/secondhalf在上/下半场ingood/poorhealthinpublicinservice/useintheair/sky在空中intheopenair在户外inamess杂乱intheformof…以……的形式,inthehabitof…有……的习惯26.leavefor…动身去某地leave…for…离开……去……27feedon以…为主食baseon以…为根据carryon坚持、继续下去walk/moveon继续走/移动dependon…依靠……workon从事于lookdownon…turnon(theradio/computer/light/tap/gas)puton穿上，上演geton(well)with…andsoon等等ontheotherhand另一方面ontheothersideof…onfoot步行onearth究竟onthewayto…,onSundays,onthemorning/afternoon/evening/nightofMay1ontheradio/telephone,onbusinessondutyonholidayontimeontopof…28.befamousfor以..著名beexcitedabout+n./V-ing对…感到兴奋beinterestedin对…感兴趣beborn出生bebusywithsth.—bebusydoingsth.忙于…beamazed/surprisedat对..感到惊讶29.moveaway移开moveto(搬)移到movehousemoveoutof…moveinto…30.searchtheInternet上网search…for….,searchforsth.31.makesure确信makeadialogue编对话makeamistake犯错误makeanoise吵闹makefaces做鬼脸makefriends(with)和..交朋友makeroom/spacefor给..让地方makealiving,(谋生)maketea沏茶makemoney赚钱makeanexcuse,makeadecision作出决定makeasuggestion,make(great)progressin…在……取得（巨大）的进步,makeaspeech,makeapromise,makethebed,makenoteson…makeagreatdifferenceto…,make(good)useof…,makefunof…,makeacontributionto(doing)sth.为……作贡献makeatelephonecalltosb./ringsb.up/givesb.acall/phone/call/telephonesb.给某人打电话32.usedtodosth过去常常做某事get/beusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事33.leavesth+介词短语“把……忘记在某处”34.动词不定式做宾语：wouldlike/want/hope/wish/prefer/decide/plan/begin/start/choose/prepare/agree/continue/volunteer/promise/offer/afford/fail/refuse/expect/managetodosth.动词不定式做宾语补足语：encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事want/wouldlike/need/require/expect/invite/encourage/order/tell/ask/warn/advise/promise/remind/teach/allowsb.todosth.含有不定式的短语havenochoicebuttodosth.do/tryone’sbesttodosth.dowhat/allsb.cantodosth.can’twaittodosth.迫不及待做某事不带to的不定式短语：donothingbutdosth.hadbetter(not)dosth.can’tdo…butdo…,wouldratherdo…thando…,prefertodo…ratherthando…,Whynotdo…Wouldyou(please)(not)do…一“感”，二“听”，三“让”，四“看”feel/listento/hear/make/have/let/see/watch/lookat/noticesb.dosth.改为被动语态要加to：bemade/seen/heardtodosth.注意区别下列短语：trytodo…/trydoing…;forget/remembertodo/doing…,stoptodo/doing…;meantodo/doing…;goontodo/doing…/beafraidofdoing…/beafraidtodo…35.区别hearsb.do(doing)sth.听见某人（正）做某事watch/see/noticesb.do/doingsth.36.helpsb.(to)dosth.//helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事withone’shelp在某人的帮助下withthehelpof…withpleasure乐意withjoy/excitement37.play(computer)games,playhide-and-seek,playsports,playajoke/trickonsb.,playwith…,playchess/cards/volleyball/football/badminton/tennis/tabletennis,playthepiano/violin/guitarplayballgames,playtheroleof…,playanimportantrolein…38.stepinto走进pourinto倒入…walkintogetintomoveinto39.forthefirsttime第一次atfirst起初firstofall首先40.leaveamessageforsb.给某人留条givesb.amessagetakeamessageforsb.给某人捎口信passonamessagefor/tosb.替某人传口信/传口信给某人41.takephotos/pictures照像takeaway拿走takeout取出take...outof...takeoff脱下，起飞takeup开始，从事，占据takedowntakein吸收takecare当心takecareoftakemedicine服药takeone’stemperature量体温takeiteasy别紧张，放轻松takeawalk/rest/seat散步/休息/就座takealooktakeabath/showertakeplace发生takepartin…takeactiontodosth.,taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事takeabus/train/plane,takeaninterestin...takeexercise锻炼take(a)pridein…takeone’sadvice接受某人建议42.learnbyoneself/teachoneself自学learnbyheart背熟，背诵learnfrom…向……学习learn…from…向……学习……,learnabout…了解，知道43.beinterestedin…,beweakin…在……薄弱,berichin…在……富有，bestrictinsth.,beexperiencedin…在……有经验，bedifferentin…在……方面不同44.haveatry尝试,努力（tryout尝试、试验,tryon试穿）findout找出,查明haveagood/wonderful/great/fantastic/time玩得开心havefundoingsth.havea(bad)cold/headache/toothache/cough/fever(重)感冒/头疼/牙疼/咳嗽/发烧haveameeting/walk/watch/talk/chat开会/散步/比赛/谈话/聊天havesports进行体育活动havenothing/somethingtodowith与..无(有)关havenoidea不知道havearest/break/discussion/bath/showerhavelunch/breakfast/supper/dinnerhavenochoicebuttodosth.havetodosth.haveon穿着haveproblems/trouble/difficultywithsth./(in)doing…haveaninterviewwithsb.haveafightwithsb./haveaquarrelwithsb.45.可以跟双宾语的动词：offersbsth.提供某人某物mise/lend/give/show/bring/send/pass/hand,return/write/teach/tellsb.sth.(sth.tosb.)buy/make/sing/draw/get/cook/postsb.sth.(sth.forsb.)46.winthefirstprize获一等奖winanawardfor…winthegamelosethegamebeatsb./theteam47.allovertheworld=aroundtheworld=throughouttheworld全世界48.allkindsof各种各样的manykindsof…akind/type/sortofIt’skindofsb.todosth.bekindtodosth.49.bepolite/rudetosb.,bekindto…,becruelto…,beharmfulto…,befriendlyto…,bevaluableto…=beofvalueto…beusefulto…=beofuseto…behelpfulto…50.neither…nor既不…也不….notonly…butalso…不但…而且,either…or…要么……要么……，both…and……和…都；既……又……51.fallbehind落后fallinto…,fallinlovewithsb.,falldown跌倒,fallover绊倒,falloff…fallasleep入睡fallill生病，病倒52.allone’slife一生duringone’slifetime53.assoonas一…就…assoonaspossible尽快aswell=too也aswellasasmuchas差不多，多达aslittleas至少aslongas只要asif/though好像regard…as把…当作…=lookon…as把……看作asaresult因此asaresultof…由于，作为……的结果asusual照例，像往常一样54.nomatter无论…，不管nomatterwhat/who/where/when/how…nowonder…难怪，怪不得nomorenolongernoproblemnomorethan不过，仅仅nolessthan不少于，多达55eversince从那以后,此后一直现在完成时+(ever)since+过去时.56.sofar到目前为止sothat以便soasto…为的是，以便somany/muchorso大约57.anothertwohours(=twomorehours)又(再)2个小时58.once/twice/threetimesaweek一周一/两/三次用howoften提问59.thenumberof…的数量a(large/great)numberof/largenumbersof许多……60.lessthan少于lessandless越来越少morethan=over多于,超过moreandmoremoreorless=about或多或少，大约61.thewayto…,theanswerto…,thevisit/trip/journeyto…,thekeyto…,theguideto…62.not…until/till…直到…才……until/till…直到……为止63.belike像looklikefeellike+n./V-ing想要soundlike…听起来像likebest/most/least最(不)喜欢wouldlike(todo)sth.想要(做)……wouldlikesb.todosth.64.haveproblems/trouble/difficultywithsth.,haveproblems/trouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.65.washaway冲走runaway逃跑takeaway带走putawaydriveawaypassaway66.beforelong不久longbefore/ago很久以前nolonger=not..anylonger不再67.sendfor派人去叫sendaway派遣，发送sendout发送sendup发射sendoff寄出68.everyyear每年everyfouryears每隔四年everyotherday每隔一天howoften提问everydayEnglish/life日常英语/生活69.keepfit/healthy/silent/quietkeepintouchwith…与……保持联系getintouchwith…与……取得联系keep(on)doingsth.keepasecretkeepadiarykeepsb.doingsth.让某人一直做keepsb.fromdoing…阻止某人做……keepawayfrom…Keepoffthegrass!70.receive/get/havealetterfromsb.=hearfromsb收到某人的来信71.onshow=ondisplay/exhibition展览72.befilledwith/befullof充满…73.thanksto多亏，由于=becauseof74.someday=oneday(将来)某一天allday终日allnightdayandnight日日夜夜inadayortwo一两天内intheolddays从前,旧社会dayafterday日复一日thedaybeforeyesterday前天thedayaftertomorrow后天NationalDayWomen’sDay妇女节Children’sDayMother’sDayFather’sDayTeachers’Day75.stop/prevent…(from)doingsth.=keepsb.fromdoingsth.防止(阻止)…做某事stoptodosth.停下来去做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事76.setout/off,出发setup建立setanexample树立榜样setfire纵火，放火烧77.aplace(places)ofinterest名胜interestingplacestouristattractions78.threequartersoftheinformationontheInternet因特网上四分之三的信息twothirdsofthebooks三分之二的书ahalf二分之一aquarter四分之一one-fifth五分之一20%ofthestudents=20percentofthestudents79.neckandneck势均力敌，不分上下,sidebyside肩并肩,handinhand手拉手,shoulderbyshoulder肩并肩,facetoface面对面80.providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.81.“动词+介词”短语：这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词之后agreewithagreetoagreeonarrivein/ataskforbeginwithbelongtobelieveinbringinbreakintodependondealwithdieofdreamof/aboutfeellikefeedongettohearof/about/from…insistonjoinin…knockat/onliveonleadtolookafter/for/atpayforquarrelwithshoutatsufferfromsendforsucceedinthinkof/aboutvotefor/againstworryaboutworkongeton/off82.“动词+副词”短语：这类短语动词的宾语如是名词，既可放在副词前又可放在副词后；宾语如果是人称代词，则放在副词之前。blowawaybreakdownbreakupbringupburndowncutoffcheckoutworkoutfindouteatupgivebackgiveoffgiveouthandin/outhaveonlookoverlookupputonputdownputupputawayputoutpickuppointoutprintoutringupselloutseeoffsetuptakeawaytakeuptakeoffthrowawayturnon/offturnup/downwashawayknockover“动词+副词+介词”短语addupto…加上breakawayfrom脱离catchupwith赶上dowellingoonwith继续 getalongwith…与……相处，进展lookdownon/uponlookforwardto…putupwith…忍受runoutof…用完“动词+名词+介词”短语takecareofmakeuseof利用payattentionto注意makefunof取笑catchholdof抓住takepartin参加taketheplaceof替代takepridein以……为骄傲“动词+名词”短语takeplacemakefriendsloseweightmakedecisions/suggestions83.bysea=byship乘船bythesea在海边atsea在海上84.setone’smindtodosth.一心想做某事makeupone’smindtodosth.changeone’smind改变主意keepsth.inmind记住，牢记minddoingsth.介意做……85.toomuch(修饰名词)太多,过分toomany修饰可数名词muchtoo(修饰adj./adv.)太86.Seeyou!再见Yousee.你知道你明白,你瞧Letmesee.让我想想seesb.off给某人送行seeadoctor/dentist看病/牙医seesb.do/doingsth.87some…others一些(人,物)…其他(人,物)one…another一个…另一个(三者或以上)one…theother一个…另一个(两者)88.bewornout穿旧，磨坏checkout核实，检查workoutputoutrunout用完，耗尽findoutprintoutcutoutgooutcomeouttakeout89.breakdown出了故障breakinto闯入breakout爆发breakup破裂，解散breakoff中断breakawayfrom…脱离……breakthelaw/promise违法/违背诺言breakrules犯规90.…too+adj./adv.+to+v.太…而不能；adj./adv.+enough(forsb.)todo…可转化为so…that…91.havebeento去过某地havegoneto到某地去了havebeenin在某地（一段时间）92.here+be+名词+for+某人(Hereisaletterforyou.这儿有你的一封信.)93.passaway逝世，消逝passon传递passby经过passthrough经历passdown传下来94.oneof+the+adj.最高级+复数名词95.take/bring+某物+with+某人(You’dbettertakeanumbrellawithyou.你最好带上雨伞)96.preferto=like…betterthan宁愿,更喜欢prefer+名词(v-ing)+to+名词(v-ing)(IpreferlearningEnglishtoplayingfootball.)prefer+不定式+ratherthan+不带to的不定式,(Iprefertowalkthereratherthangobybus.我喜欢走着去那里,而不愿乘车),97.人+spend+time(money)+doingsth.(Ispentovertwohoursfinishingmyhomework).人+spend+time(money)+on+名词,(Hespent1,000ontheTVset.)人+pay+money+for+sth.(Hepaidtenyuanforthebook.他花了10元钱买那本书.)It+takes(willtake,/took…)+sb.+time+todosth.(It’lltakeyouonlytenminutestogettherebybus.乘车去那里只花你10分钟).物+cost+(sb.)+money(Thedictionarycostme20yuan.我花20元钱买了那本词典)98.dowith+sb./sth.(Whathaveyoudonewiththepork那些肉你怎么处理了)dealwith…Howdidyoudealwiththeproblem?

99.mind+if从句(DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?我开窗你不反对吧)mind+V-ing(WouldyoumindturningontheTV?打开电视你不反对吧)100.what…for

/why…(WhatdoyoulearnEnglishforWhydoyoulearnEnglish)101.need+名词(v-ing)(Thestudentsneedsomehelp.学生们需要帮助.Thispairofshoesneedsmending.这双鞋需要修理)needtodosth.needtobedone=needdoingneedsb.todosth.102.“beusedfor+名词(v-ing),”被用来做..(Awritingbrushisusedforwriting.)“beusedas+名词”,被作为…使用(EnglishisusedasthefirstlanguageinBritain.)“beusedby+动作执行者”,被…使用,beusedtodosth.被用来做某事103.bemadeof由…制造(Thistableismadeofwood.这张课桌是木制的)bemadefrom由…制成(Thiskindofpaperismadefromwood.这种纸是用木材制成的)bemadein+地点某地制造(ThesecarsaremadeinGermany)bemadeby+人由谁制造的(ThiskiteismadebyKate.)bemadeinto…被制成……(Thenovelwasmadeintoaplay.)bemadeupof…由……组成Thegroupismadeupoftenstudents.bemadetodosth.被迫做某事Wtectsb./sth.fromsth.保护某人/某物免受……；105.beworth+money(V-ing),值…钱，值得做…Thiscarisworthmorethan200thousandyuaninChina.Thisbookiswellworthreading.这本书很值得一读.106.theSummerPalace颐和园Tian’anmenSquare天安门广场thePalaceMuseum故宫theGreatHallofthePeople人民大会堂theTempleofHeaven天坛theGreatGreenWall绿色长城PLA中国人民解放军PRC中华人民共和国theParty中国共产党theLeague共青团Beijingopera京剧107.thankyou/thanksfor+n./V-ing谢谢你……108.so+形/副+that从句(Theplaceissocoldthatnothingcangrowinwi