动词时态语法复习

高中英语动词时态语态复习讲解动词时态、语态汉语的时态大多是通过副词来表达的，而英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。 英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的只有9种，而且重点测试完成时态。要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词（do,be,have和时间状语这两个核心问题。1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often,always,fromtimetotime等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。Heusuallygoestoworkat7oclockeverymorning.ShehasabrotherwholivesinNewYork.Theearthgoesaroundthesun.GuangzhouissituatedinthesouthofChina.考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。女口：IlearnedthattheearthgoesaroundthesunwhenIwasinprimaryschool.考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时［间：when,until,after,before,assoonas,once,themoment/theminute,theday;条件：if,unless,provided.Ifheacceptsthejob,hewillgetmoremoneysoon.考点三：在makesure(certain),seetoit,mind,care,matter+宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Solongasheworkshard,Idontmindwhenhefinishestheexperiment.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。考点四：在themore,themore,（越,,越,, ）句型中，若主句是一般将来时,从句通常用一般现在时。Theharderyoustudy,thebetterresultsyouwillget.2、现在进行时表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。WearehavingEnglishclass.Thehouseisbeingbuiltthesedays.Thelittleboyisalwaysmakingtrouble.Lookout考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Lookoutwhenyouarecrossingthestreet.Don'twakehimupifheisstillsleepingat7tomorrowmorning.考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。MarryisleavingonFriday.3、现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语：考点一：for+时间段；sinee+时间点TheyhavelivedinBeijingforfiveyears.TheyhavelivedinBeijingsince1995.IhavelearnedEnglishfortenyears.考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately;reeently,just,already,yet,uptonow;tillnow;sofar,thesedays,Hasitstoppedrainingyet?考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/年/月以来，，”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。inthepastfewyears/months/weeks/days；overthepastfewyears;duringthelastthreemonths;forthelastfewcenturies,throughcenturies;throughouthistory等考点四：表示“第几次做某事，”或在“Itisthebest(worst,mostinteresting)+名词+that”后面跟现在完成时。ThisismyfirsttimethatIhavevisitedChina.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmIhaveeverseen.Thatistheonlybookthathehaswritten.一般过去时表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，女口：yesterday;lastweek;in1945,atthattime;once;duringthewar;before;afewdaysago;when,注意：考点一：usedto+do,表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式，后接动词原形。be/become/getusedto+doing,表示习惯于Heusedtosmokealot.Hehasgotusedtogettingupearly.考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。Hepromisedtobuymeacomputerifhegotaraise过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。Theboywasdoinghishomeworkwhenhisfathercamebackfromwork.Hewastakingawalkleisurelybythelakewhenheheardsomeoneshoutedforhelp.Whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?Theradiowasbeingrepairedwhenyoucalledme.过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作， 即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用(before,after,by,uptill)Therehadbeen25parksinourcityuptill2000.Bytheendoflasttermwehadfinishedthebook.Theyfinishedearlierthanwehadexpected.考点一：用于hardly/scarcely...when;nosooner...than句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。Ihadhardlyfinishedmyworkwhenhecametoseeme.Ihadnosoonergotintotheroomthanitbegantosnow.NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanthetelephonerang.(注意主谓倒装)考点二：表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。Thatwasthesecondtimethatshehadseenhergrandfather.Itwas3yearssincewehadparted考点三：动词hope,expect,think,intend,mean,want,suppose,plan用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。IhadhopedthatIcoulddothejob.IhadintendedtoseeyoubutIwastoobusy.7.—般将来时表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow,nextyear,in2008等表示将来的时间状语连用，其表现形式多达5种。Beijingwillhostthe29thOlympicGamesin2008.考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中：Wewillbeginourclassassoonastheteachercomes.（主句用一般将来时，从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。 ）考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive,come,go,leave,start等,用现在进行时形式表示将来。IamleavingforBeijingtomorrow.考点三：“祈使句+and/or+句子”这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。Useyourheadandyouwillfindaway.考点四：“am(is,are)goingto+动词原形”表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。“am(is,are)aboutto+动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。“am(is,are)to+动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。TheyaretobemarriedinthisMay.8将来进行时表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。I'llbedoingmyhomeworkthistimetomorrow.明天这会我正在写作业。ThePresidentwillbemeetingtheforeigndelegationattheairport.9、将来完成时表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。考点一：常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：bytheendofthisyear,by8o’clockthisevening,byMarchnextyear以及由bythetime,,before或when等引导的副词从句。Bytheendofnextmonth,hewillhavetraveled1000milesonfoot.Bythetimeyoureachthestation,thetrainwillhaveleft.BynextTuesday,Iwillhavegotreadyfortheexams.考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。Thechildrenwilldotheirhomeworkthemomenttheyhavearrivedbackfromschool.10.动词的语态一般用于强调受者，做题时谓语动词不再有名词或宾语。动词的语态一般不单独考，而是和时态、语气和非谓语动词一起考，只是需要注意以下考点。考点一：不能用于被动语态的动词和词组cometrue,consistof,takeplace,happen,become,rise,occur,belong,breakout,appear,arrive,die,fall,last,exist,fail,succeedIttookplacebeforeliberation.考点二：下列动词的主动语态表示被动意义 ，而且常与well,quite,easily,

badly等副词连用。lock（锁）；wash（洗）;sell（卖）;read（读）;wear（穿）;blame责备）；ride（乘坐）；write（写）；Glassbreakseasily玻璃容易破碎。Thecarridessmoothly.这车走起来很稳。Thecaselockseasily这箱子很好锁。Thebooksellswell.这本书很畅销。考点三：一些常用经典被动句型：Itissaid,Itisreported,,Itiswidelybelieved,, Itisexpected,,Itisestimated,,这些句子一般翻译为“据说,,r,“人们认为，，”，而“以前人们认为,,r 则应该说：Itwasbelieved,,Itwasthought时态、语态100练inanairplane?“Idon’tliketotravel.”“Haveyoueverinanairplane?flyingB.flewC.flowedD.flownThecenterofgravityofthehumanbody behindhisjoint.AlocatedB.locatingC.tolocateD.islocatedover.“Todayisverycold,isntit?over.freezedB.freezeC.frozenD.freezingrecentlyover“Whathappenedinthatnewarea?”“Newhousesthere.”recentlyovertowor”towor”“Whendidyougotowork?”“Assoonastheycame,wewentB.weregoingC.hadgoneDgotobeduntilfiveinthe“Didyouwaitforhimverylong?'“Yes,I tobeduntilfiveinthemorning.”didgoB.didntgoChadgoneD.wentPerhapsitwillbealongtime fromabroad.AwhenTomcomesbackB.whenTomwillcomeback8.TomC.beforeTomcomesbackD.thatTomcomesback8.Tommathematicsthroughouthiscollegelife.9.AboredB.boredwithC.wasboredD.wasboredwith9.thatdresswhenIfirstsawyouatthestation?AWereyouwearingB.HaveyouwornC.DidyouwearD.doyouwear

lO.MrWutoworkbybuseveryday.lO.MrWuhasbeentravelingB.hastraveledC.travelsDistravelingDon’tdisturbhim.He totheweatherforecast.A.listensB.isbeinglistenedC.haslistenedD.islisteningMyEnglishteacher mytest.A.hasnotyetgradedB.hasnotyetbeengradedC.isnotyettobegradedD.isnotyetgradedWe onitformanyhours,butwehavenotyetreachedanyconclusion.arebeingworkedB.areworkingC.havebeenworkingD.havebeenworked14.Shanghai ontheHuangpuRiver.A.standB.standsCisbeingstandD.hasstood“Tellthestudentstostopshouting.We ouressaysnow.A.writeB.havebeenwritingC.arewritingD.havewritten“ yourbest?It'snotsatisfactory.'mafraidyouwillhavetodoitagain.A.DoyoutryB.HaveyoutriedC.AreyoutryingD.HaveyoubeentryingChinesemarriedcouple redpacketstochildrenandtheunmarriedduringtheChinesenewYear.AgiveB.havebeengivingC.aregivingD.havegivenMyuncle,Sam, managerofthefirm.19.ThisisthefirsttimethestudentsA.hasjustmadeB.isjustbeingmadeC.hasjustbeenmadeD.isjustmade19.ThisisthefirsttimethestudentstoHydePark.havegoneB.havebeengoneC.havebeengoingD.arebeinggone20.She hermothersworksinceshewasadmittedintohospital.A.isdoingB.hasbeendoingC.hasdoneD.hasbeendone theincidentasifitwereyesterday.A.amstilltorememberB.havestillbeenrememberingtoswimwhenIcan.C.ambeingstillrememberedD.stillremembertoswimwhenIcan. swimmingintheriverandIalways A.amliking/havegoneB.ambeingliked/amgoing

C.like/go D.haveliked/havebeengoingWehavesometimesaccidentsonthisline,butnoaccidentssincelastwinter.A.occurB.haveoccurredC.havebeenoccurringD.areoccurringHe onthisessayfortwentyminutesbuthe onlyahundredwords.hasbeenworking/haswritten B.isworking/writeshasworked/hasbeenwriting D.works/iswritingElections everyfouryearsandCongressmeetsonceayear.A.aretakenplaceB.aretobetakenplaceC.tookplaceD.takeplace careless,oryouwillmakemistakes.27.TheNo.8busA.BenotB.NotbeC.Do'tD.Dontbe27.TheNo.8bustoChengducollegeofGeology,andnottoSichuanUniversity.A.aregoneB.isbeinggoneC.goesD.aregoing28.0il,exportedfromIrantoEurope, bytankers.usedtobetransported/havebeenbuiltupusedtobeingtransported/havebuiltupwasusedtobetransported/hadbeenbuiltupwasusedtobeingtransported/willbebuiltup29.Ifit ,thematchwillbepostponed.A.hasbeenrainedB.doesrainC.rainsD.israined3O.AssoonasIthetools,Ishallbeginwiththework.3O.AssoonasIA.haveB.amhavingC.havebeenhavingD.havebeenhadOnceyou theknackofit,youwillhavenofurtherdifficulty.A.shallhaveB.hadhadC.arehavingD.haveEverytimehe me,heisrudetome.A.willseeB.seesC.isseeingD.isseenJohntoldMarythathe whathewasdoingduringthevacation.A.wasjustaskedB.wasjustaskingC.hadjustbeenaskedD.hadjustasked34.Nowthatyou ,whatareyougoingtodo?A.arebingreturned B.havebeenreturningC.havebeenreturned D.havereturned

startedmyteachingcareerattheschool.Thatwasmorethantwentyyearsago,andI thereeversince.allthetime.A.wasB.hadbeenC.willbeD.havebeenallthetime.EverythingontheearthA.ischangingB.ischangedC.haschangedD.hasbeenchangedWe fineweatherforthepastfewdays.A.haveB.arehavingC.havebeenhadD.havebeenhaving38.It everydaysofarthismonth.A.israiningB.rainsC.hasrainedD.hasbeenrainednoonecanprovethattheearth notround.A.isbeingB.istobeC.isD.hasbeen“Thereshe !WeneedntwaitanyIonger.”A.comesB.hasbeencomeC.hasbeencomingD.istocomeThelittlegirl bythedrug-pushertocarrydrugsintothecountry.A.wasmadeuseB.wasmadeusedwasmadeuseofD.wasmadeusedofshalltellyouwhathe atthreeoclockyesterdayafternoon.A.haddoneB.woulddoC.wasdoingD.hadbeendoneBytheendoflastyearthey 1,000machines.A.turnedoutB.hadturnedoutC.wouldturnoutD.hadbeenturnedoutHewassixty-eight.Intwoyearshe seventy.A.wouldbeB.wasC.hadbeenD.wasbeingHowlongago playingfootball?A.hadyoustoppedB.wouldyoustopC.didyoustopD.wereyoustoppingUptillthenwe halfthedistanee.47.WhileIA.hadonlycoveredB.coveredC.wouldonlycoverD.wouldbeonlycovered47.WhileItelevision,thedoorbell .watched/wouldringB.wouldwatch/hadrungwaswatching/rang D.hadbeenwatched/wasringing48.They withusforthetimebeing.A.wouldstayB.willstayC.havebeenstayingD.willbestayingneverdreamedI herediscussingstateaffairswiththeotherdeputies.

A.willbesittingB.wouldbesittingC.willhavebeensitting D.wouldhavebeensittingyears.A.wouldhavebeenlivingC.wouldhavebeenlivedyears.A.wouldhavebeenlivingC.wouldhavebeenlivedB.wouldhavelivedwillhavebeenlivingThenewtypeofmachine theyearafternext.A.isgoingtoturnout B.isgoingtobeingturnedoutC.isgoingtohaveturnedoutD.isgoingtobeturnedoutLargesumsofmoney eachyearinpaintingthesteelworkofbridges,ships,andotherexposedstructures.A.havespentB.havetobespentC.havetospendD.spendThepolice inwhattheinformerreported.A.interestedB.hadinterestedC.wereinterestingD.wereinterestedAcandidateforthepost atthemoment.A.isinterviewing B.beinginterviewingC.interviewing D.isbeinginterviewedBytheendoflastyeartherailway .wasbeingcompletedB.wouldbecompletedhadbeencompleted D.hadcompletedtovisittheircountrybeforelong.A.havebeeninvitedB.ambeinginvitedhadbeeninvited D.shallbeinvitedTheory withpractice.A.mustbecombiningB.mustcombinemusthavebeencombined D.mustbecombinedHesaidsuchathing tohappen.oughttobenotallowed B.oughtnottobeallowingoughtnottohaveallowed D.oughtnottobeallowed59.Shetoldmethatherproposal .A.neededtotakeintoconsiderationneededtobetakenintoconsiderationneededtobetakingintoconsiderationneededtohavetakenintoconsideration

overtheadvantagesofthedemeritsystem.A.werealwaysarguedovertheadvantagesofthedemeritsystem.A.werealwaysarguedC.hadalwayshadarguedwerealwaysarguinghadalwaysbeenarguedHefulfilledtheplanearlierthanhe .A.hadexpected B.expectingshouldexpectD.wouldexpect whenthebellrang.A.HardlywouldhereachschoolB.HardlyhadhereachedschoolC.Hardlyhereachedschool D.HardlyhewasreachingschoolWeweredeterminednottodoituniessJulie it,too.A.haddoneB.wasdoingC.wasdoneD.did64.Theyweresurethey finalvictory.65.WhenA.werewonB.wouldbewonC.wouldwinD.hadbeenwon65.Whentogiveusananswer?A.willyoubeableB.willyouhavebeenableC.willyouableD.willyouhaveabled66.We ontheprojectbytheendofnextweek.A.shallhavefinishedtoworkB.shallfinishtoworkshallhavefinishedworkingD.shallfinishworking67.He forsixyearsbythetimehetakeshisexamination.A.shallhavefinishedtoworkB.shallfinishtoworkshallhavefinishedworkingD.shallfinishworkingpromiseyouthatI youapresentnextweek.A.willgiveB.willhavegivenC.shallgiveD.shallhavegivenhopethatshe tothedemandsofthenaughtyboys.A.willnothaveagreedB.willnotbeagreedwillnotagree D.willnothavebeenagreed7O.lnthelongrunyourmoney inbonds.A.wasmoresafelyinvested B.ismoresafelyinvestedwillbemoresafelyinvestedD.aremoresafelyinvestedMr.Wilsonaskedmeiftheseislands toJapan.A.belongB.arebelongingC.arebelongedD.havebeenbelongedBeforetheendofthenineties,airpollution aseriousproblem

thatendangersthehealthofthehumanrace.A.willbebecomeB.willbecomeC.willhavebecomeD.willhavebeen73.Thetrainbecome73.Thetrainateighttonight.74.WeA.willbestartedB.willhavestartedC.shallbestartedD.starts74.WeanEnglisheveningtonight.A.arebeinghavingB.arehavingC.willbehadD.shallbehadThey forBeijingforpractice.A.areleavingB.arebeingleftC.willhaveleftD.willbeleft meoraren'tyou?A.WillyouhelpB.ShallyouhelpC.AreyougoingtohelpD.WillyouhavehelpedAnewpowerstation there.A.willbegoingtobuildB.isgoingtobebuiltC.willbegonetobuildD.isgonetobebuilt ameetingthisafternoon.A.TheregoingtobeB.TherewillbegoingtobeC.ThereisgoingtobeD.TherewillgoingtobeWe anewexperimentthisafternoon.A.shallbetoperformB.willbetoperformC.aretobeperformed D.aretoperformThegovernment toapprovetheuseofwidespreadsurveillaneewhentheJusticeDepartmenttookobjections.A.isgoingB.hadbeenC.wasaboutD.iscomingYououghtto atestinphysicsthedaybefore,Ithink.A.havetakenB.takeC.betakenD.betakingKepierprovedthatthesun thecenterofthesolarsystem.83.ThisisoneofthebestnovelsthatA.isB.wasC.hadbeenD.wouldbe83.Thisisoneofthebestnovelsthatthisyear.A.appearsB.isappearingC.hasappearedD.haveappearedMyfriend herelastweek,buthecouldnt.A.wastohavecomeB.musthavecomeC.cameD.hadtocomeHedidnotarriveuntilthemeetingwasnearlyover,forthesimpiereasonisthathe asleepwhilewatchingtelevision.

A.hadfallenB.hasfallenC.fell